Migrate to Exadata Database

1. Enable the required features as SYS:

   
   ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
   ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(<primary_unique_name>,<standby_unique_name>)' SCOPE=BOTH;
   ALTER SYSTEM SET STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO SCOPE=BOTH;

2. Add standby redo logs (for example, 3 online groups, add 4 standby groups).

   ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1 GROUP 4 ('/u01/oradata/standby_redo04.log') SIZE 100M;
   -- Repeat for additional groups.

3. Create a backup of the primary database using RMAN (include archivelogs for synchronization):

   CONNECT TARGET / BACKUP DATABASE FORMAT '/backup/db_%U' PLUS ARCHIVELOG FORMAT
         '/backup/arc_%U'; BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE FOR STANDBY FORMAT
         '/backup/standby_ctl.ctl';

4. Copy the backup files, password file (orapw<sid>), and parameter file (init.ora or spfile) to the target server.

1. Install Oracle software (match or higher version for upgrade).
2. Create necessary directories:

   mkdir -p /u01/oradata/<db_name>mkdir -p /u01/fra/<DB_UNIQUE_NAME_upper>mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/<db_name>/adump

3. Edit the copied parameter file on standby:
   • Set DB_UNIQUE_NAME to the standby value.
   • Set FAL_SERVER to the primary TNS name.
   • Adjust paths if needed. For example, CONTROL_FILES, DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST.
4. Start the standby instance in NOMOUNT:

   CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE='/path/to/init.ora';STARTUP NOMOUNT;

1. Use RMAN to duplicate the database from the active database :

   CONNECT TARGET sys/<password>@primary_tns CONNECT AUXILIARY sys/<password>@standby_tns
             DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE DORECOVER
             NOFILENAMECHECK;

   Alternative: If you use backup files, duplicate the database for standby from a backup location:

   DUPLICATE DATABASE FOR STANDBY BACKUP LOCATION '/backup'
       NOFILENAMECHECK;

2. On standby, start managed recovery:

   ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE;

1. On primary, set remote logging:

   ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=<standby_tns> ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=<standby_unique_name>' SCOPE=BOTH;ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE SCOPE=BOTH;ALTER SYSTEM SET FAL_SERVER='<standby_tns>' SCOPE=BOTH;

2. On standby:

   ALTER SYSTEM SET FAL_SERVER='<primary_tns>' SCOPE=BOTH;

3. (Optional) Enable Data Guard Broker for easier management:
   • Set DG_BROKER_START=TRUE on both.
   • Create configuration:

     DGMGRL> CREATE CONFIGURATION dg_config AS PRIMARY DATABASE IS <primary_unique_name> CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS <primary_tns>;

   • Add standby:

     DGMGRL> ADD DATABASE <standby_unique_name> AS CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS <standby_tns>;

   • Enable the configuration:

     DGMGRL> ENABLE CONFIGURATION;

1. On primary, force log switches:

   ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;

2. On standby, check apply status:

   SELECT PROCESS, STATUS, THREAD#, SEQUENCE# FROM v$managed_standby;

   Look for 'MRP0' applying logs.

3. Check for gaps:

   SELECT * FROM v$archive_gap;

   Should return no rows.

4. Monitor lag:

   SELECT NAME, VALUE FROM v$dataguard_stats WHERE NAME = 'apply lag';

Allow time for full sync before migration.

1. Stop applications connected to primary (minimal downtime starts here).
2. Verify no gaps and stop recovery on standby:

   ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;

3. Using Broker (recommended):

   DGMGRL> SWITCHOVER TO <standby_unique_name>;

   • Manual alternative:
     • On primary:

       ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;

     • On old primary (now standby):

       STARTUP MOUNT; ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT;

     • On new primary (old standby):

       ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL PRIMARY WITH SESSION SHUTDOWN; ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

4. Verify roles:

   SELECT DATABASE_ROLE FROM v$database;

   New primary should be PRIMARY.

5. Redirect applications to new primary.
6. (Optional) Decommission old primary or keep as new standby.