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## 18.5.8.9 Performing DML Operations on Objects with ETags

Learn about performing DML operations on objects with `ETags`.

When working with a BOSS object that has an attribute of type `historyType='versionNumber'` then it is mandatory to always include the `ETag` column (by default named `APEX$ETAG`) in the list of columns used by a form region, grid region, or in programmatic use with `APEX_EXEC` package. Furthermore, it is important when defining the column to work with programmatically to mark the `ETag` column using the `p_is_checksum => true` parameter to`apex_exec.add_column()`. If the business object does not have an attribute of type `historyType='versionNumber'`, the object will not have an `ETag`. In that case, you can delete the `APEX$ETAG` column from the data profile as its value will always be null and will not be used during updates or deletes.

Parent topic: Working with Oracle Cloud Applications BOSS REST Services