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## 4.5 Form Pages and Items

Configure form pages and items for users of assistive technology.

Note:

The following overview is not a comprehensive list of all item types in Oracle APEX. This section only cites items with specific settings or issues related to accessibility.

- Form Page Attributes
  Define meaningful labels for all items.
- Select Lists and Radio Groups
  Use dynamic actions and cascading LOVs to control page reloads and redirects.
- Display Image Alternative Text
  Configure alternative text to describe images.

Parent topic: Developing Accessible Apps

### 4.5.1 Form Page Attributes

Define meaningful labels for all items.

Item Labels

Define meaningful labels for all items. Users of assistive technology require meaningful labels to understand and interact with a field.

Tip:

You can review all items in an app with the All Page Items page. You should review all labels for accuracy and meaning, especially items with null labels and items with the same label on the same page. For more information, see Viewing Item Utilities in Oracle APEX App Builder User’s Guide.

Value Placeholder

Oracle recommends against using just a value placeholder as the only label for an item because it is insufficient for accessibility.

To hide a visible label from display for design reasons, Oracle recommends using a Hidden label template in conjunction with a label.

Item Templates

Universal Theme includes the following item templates to control how the label renders for the item:

Hidden

  Hides the label from display but preserves it in the markup for use by assistive technologies.

  Use this template to preserve accessibility rather than not providing a label.

Optional / Optional - Above

  Labels the field optional without any further decoration.

Required / Required - Above

  Labels the field required and displays an asterisk adjacent to the label.

  For accessibility, Oracle APEX ignores the asterisk and appends hidden text "Value Required" to the label. Assistive technology announces this label as "Label (Value Required)" so that the user can immediately tell if the field is required.

  Additionally, APEX adds "Value Required" to the end of the label rather than the beginning, so that screen readers users can still search for a specific field by label name.

Value Required

Oracle does not recommend use of the Value Required attribute for accessibility purposes. If the Value Required attribute is set to Yes and the item’s label template is Required, APEX duplicates reporting of the required state to Assistive Technologies (see the ACR to learn more).

If you have a simple required field, use a Not Null style validation on the page item.

Related Topics

- Dealing with Validation Errors
- Validating User Input in Forms in Oracle APEX App Builder User’s Guide

Parent topic: Form Pages and Items

### 4.5.2 Select Lists and Radio Groups

Use dynamic actions and cascading LOVs to control page reloads and redirects.

With the Page Action on Selection attribute, you can define select lists and radio groups to redirect or submit the page when the value of the control changes. However, this behavior could be disruptive to users who may not expect a page reload or change of context. There are a few ways this can be handled in a more accessible way.

Instead of redirecting or submitting the page automatically, you could:

- Use dynamic actions or cascading LOVs to achieve similar functionality
- Add a button next to the page item that handles the redirect/submit explicitly

Consider the following example, where you have a select list on a page to filter a report region, and you submit the page with this attribute in order to update the report and show the filtered results. Instead, use a Dynamic Action on Change for the select list, and then define an action to refresh the report region. For further examples, see the Sample Dynamic Action app, available to install from the Gallery.

If redirecting or submitting the page on a change cannot be avoided, you must ensure the label for the item lets the user know this will happen so that the change of context is expected. For exanple, a label of `Select Employee (Reloads Page)` indicates that making a selection for this item will reload the content.

Related Topics

- Installing Apps from the Gallery in Oracle APEX App Builder User’s Guide

Parent topic: Form Pages and Items

### 4.5.3 Display Image Alternative Text

Configure alternative text to describe images.

The display image item type enables you to display alternative text with an image on a form page, which is essential to users of assistive technology.

Alternative text settings for the display image item type relevant to accessibility include:

Alternative Text Column

  Displayed when Based On is set to BLOB Column Specified in Item Source

  Defines the column that stores the alternative text for the image.

Alternative Text

  Displayed when Based On is set to Image URL stored in Page Item Value

  Defines alternative text to describe the image. You can make the text dynamic by using substitution syntax, such as `&P1_ALT_TEXT.`. Make sure to include the period in the substitution syntax.

Parent topic: Form Pages and Items