1. Administrator's Guide
  2. DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13 DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

Database administrators can perform operations in an Oracle Database Vault environment, such as using Database Vault with products such as Oracle Data Pump.

13.1 Performing DDL Operations in Oracle Database Vault

Data Definition Language (DDL) operations in Oracle Database Vault can be affected by situations such as schema ownership and patch upgrades.

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.1.1 Restrictions on Performing DDL Operations in Oracle Database Vault

Depending on the Oracle Database Vault configuration, DDL operations may be restricted and require DDL authorizations in an Oracle Database Vault environment.

Specifically, a user is required to have DDL authorization to perform DDL operations on a schema that has any of the following characteristics:

  • The schema is an owner of objects that are protected by enabled realms.
  • The schema is authorized to any enabled realm directly or through roles.
  • The schema is granted object privileges directly or through roles on objects that are protected by enabled realms.
  • The schema is granted any Oracle Database Vault roles directly or through roles.

Object owners and users who have granted the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role are exempt from the DDL authorization requirement. You can authorize a user to perform DDL operations on a specific schema by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DDL procedure. Note, however, that DDL authorization does not enable the grantee to perform DDL operations on a realm protected object or schema. To enable such operations, you must authorize the user for the realm. To find information about users who have been granted this authorization, query the DBA_DV_DDL_AUTH data dictionary view.

If Oracle Database Vault is upgraded from a previous release older than Oracle Database 21c, then the default DDL authorization of (%, %) may exist, and it would enable users to perform DDL operations on any schema without explicit DDL authorizations. For better security, Oracle recommends that you remove the default DDL authorization by running DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_DDL('%', '%') and grant required DDL authorizations only to users who need to perform DDL operations.

Related Topics

Parent topic: Performing DDL Operations in Oracle Database Vault

13.1.2 Impact of the DV_PATCH_ADMIN Role on DDL Operations

Object owners and users who have been granted the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role are exempt from the DDL authorization requirement.

You can authorize a user to perform DDL operations on a specific schema by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DDL procedure. Note, however, that DDL authorization does not allow the grantee to perform DDL operations on a realm-protected object or schema. To allow such operations, you must authorize the user for the realm. To find information about users who have been granted this authorization, query the DBA_DV_DDL_AUTH data dictionary view.

Related Topics

Parent topic: Performing DDL Operations in Oracle Database Vault

13.2 Using Oracle Database Vault with Oracle Enterprise Manager

Oracle Database Vault administrators can perform tasks in Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control such as propagating polices to other databases.

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.2.1 Propagating Oracle Database Vault Configurations to Other Databases

You can propagate Database Vault configurations (such as a realm configuration) to other Database Vault-protected databases.

  1. Log in to Oracle Database Vault Administrator from Cloud Control as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role and the SELECT ANY DICTIONARY privilege. Logging into Oracle Database Vault explains how to log in.

  2. In the Database Vault home page, under Database Vault Policy Propagation, select Database Vault Policy Propagation.

    The Available Policies area in the Policy Propagation subpage lists a summary of the Oracle Database Vault configurations that were created for the current database: that is, configurations that were created for realms, command rules, rule sets, and secure application roles. It does not list the Oracle Database Vault policies that were introduced in Oracle Database release 12c (12.2). From here, you can propagate these configurations to another database.

  3. Under Available Policies, select each configuration that you want to propagate to another database.


    Description of policy_propagation122.png follows
    Description of the illustration policy_propagation122.png

  4. Under Destination Databases, click the Add button.

  5. Under Search and Select: Database Vault Enabled Destination Databases, search for the destination databases, and then select each database to which you want to propagate the configurations. Then click the Select button.

  6. Under Destination Databases, do the following:

    1. Under Apply credentials across destination database(s), enter the user name and password of the administrator of the Database Vault database that contains the configurations you want to propagate.

      This feature applies the Database Vault administrator's user name and password to all of the selected destination databases.

    2. Select each database to which you want to propagate the configurations.

    3. Enter the Database Vault administrator user name and password for each database.

    4. Click the Apply button.

  7. In the Propagate Options page, select from the following options.

    Any changes made to the seeded realms, command rules, rule sets, and so on will not be propagated to the destination databases. Only custom-created data are propagated.

    • Restore on failure: If the propagation operations encounters errors, then the propagation is rolled back. That is, the original policies on the destination database are restored. If you do not select this option, then the policy propagation on the destination database continues and ignores any errors.

    • Skip propagation if user defined policies exist: If the destination databases already have the user-defined configurations, then the propagation operation is not attempted. If you do not select this option, then regardless of whether user-defined policies exist on the destination database, all the existing configurations are cleared, and the configurations from the source database are applied to the destination database.

    • Propagate Enterprise Manager metric thresholds for database vault metrics: If the source database has Oracle Database Vault metric thresholds set, then these thresholds are also propagated to the destination databases. If you do not select this option, then only configurations are propagated and not the Oracle Database Vault thresholds.

  8. Click the OK button.

  9. In the Confirmation window, click OK.

    A message indicating success or failure appears. If the propagation succeeds, then the configurations are active right away in their destination databases.

Parent topic: Using Oracle Database Vault with Oracle Enterprise Manager

13.2.2 Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Alerts for Oracle Database Vault Policies

To view Oracle Database Vault alerts, you must be granted the DV_OWNER, DV_ADMIN, or DV_SECANALYST role.

The alerts are as follows:

  • Database Vault Attempted Realm Violations. This alert helps the Oracle Database Vault security analyst (DV_SECANALYST role) to monitor violation attempts on the Database Vault database. This user can select the realms to be affected by the alert and filter these realms based on the different types of attempts by using error codes. You can enable this metric from the Metrics and Policy Settings page. By default, the attempted realm violations are collected every 24 hours.

  • Database Vault Attempted Command Rule Violations. The functionality for this alert is the same as for Database Vault Attempted Realm Violations, except that it focuses on violations on command rules.

  • Database Vault Realm Configuration Issues. This metric tracks and raises an alert if users misconfigure realms. This metric is enabled when you install Oracle Database vault, and by default it collects data every one hour.

  • Database Vault Command Rule Configuration Issues. This functionality for this alert is that same as Database Vault Realm Configuration Issues, except that it focuses on configuration changes to command rules.

  • Database Vault Policy Changes. This metric raises an alert on any change to any Database Vault policy, such as policies for realms and command rules. It provides a detailed policy changes report.

Parent topic: Using Oracle Database Vault with Oracle Enterprise Manager

13.2.3 Oracle Database Vault-Specific Reports in Enterprise Manager Cloud Control

From the Database Vault home page, you can find information about violations.

These violations are as follows:

  • Top five attempted violations on realm and command rule

  • Top five attempted violations by database users and client host

  • Time series-based graphical reports on attempted violations for more detailed analysis

To have full access to the Database Vault reports, you must log into Database Vault Administrator as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER, DV_ADMIN, or DV_SECANALYST role.

Related Topics

Parent topic: Using Oracle Database Vault with Oracle Enterprise Manager

13.2.4 Changing the DBSNMP Account Password in a Database Vault Environment

Before you can change the password for the DBSNMP user account, you must revoke the DV_MONITOR role from this account.

In an Oracle Database Vault environment, the DBSNMP user account is granted the DV_MONITOR role. (The DBSNMP user can change his or her own password directly, without having to have the DV_MONITOR role revoked first.)

  1. Log into the database instance using an account that has been granted the DV_OWNER role.
  2. Revoke the DV_MONITOR role from the DBSNMP user account.
  3. Connect as a user who has been granted the DV_ACCTMGR role and then change the DBSNMP user account password.
  4. Connect as the DV_OWNER user and then grant the DV_MONITOR role back to the DBSNMP user account.

Parent topic: Using Oracle Database Vault with Oracle Enterprise Manager

13.3 Using Oracle Data Pump with Oracle Database Vault

Database administrators can authorize Oracle Data Pump users to work in a Database Vault environment.

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.3.1 About Using Oracle Data Pump with Oracle Database Vault

Database administrators who use Oracle Data Pump in an Database Vault environment must have Database Vault-specific authorization to export and import data.

They must have these privileges in addition to the standard Oracle Data Pump privileges. If these users want to perform Oracle Data Pump transportable tablespace operations, then they must have special authorization. You can check a user's authorizations for using Data Pump in an Oracle Database Vault environment by querying the DBA_DV_DATAPUMP_AUTH data dictionary view.

See Also:

Parent topic: Using Oracle Data Pump with Oracle Database Vault

13.3.2 Authorizing Users for Data Pump Regular Export and Import Operations

You can use different authorization types for administrators who perform Oracle Data Pump export and import operations in a Database Vault environment.

Parent topic: Using Oracle Data Pump with Oracle Database Vault

13.3.2.1 About Authorizing Users for Oracle Data Pump Regular Operations

Users who have Oracle Data Pump authorization can perform regular Oracle Data Pump operations in a Database Vault environment.

Full level Data Pump authorization enables these users to perform transportable export and import operations as well.

See Also:

Authorizing Users for Data Pump Transportable Export and Import Operations if you want the user only to perform transportable export and import operations

Parent topic: Authorizing Users for Data Pump Regular Export and Import Operations

13.3.2.2 Levels of Database Vault Authorization for Oracle Data Pump Regular Operations

Oracle Database Vault provides several levels of authorization required for Oracle Data Pump regular operations in a Database Vault environment.

Table 13-1 describes these levels.

Table 13-1 Levels of Authorization for Oracle Data Pump Regular Operations

Scenario Authorization Required

A database administrator wants to import data into another schema.

You must grant this user the BECOME USER system privilege and the IMP_FULL_DATABASE role.Foot 1 To find the privileges a user has been granted, query the USER_SYS_PRIVS data dictionary view.

A database administrator wants to export or import data in a schema that has no Database Vault protection.

You only need to grant this user the standard Oracle Data Pump privileges, which are the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles. If the user wants to import data, grant this user the BECOME USER system privilege.

A database administrator wants to export or import data in a protected schema.

In addition to the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles, you must grant this user Database Vault-specific authorization by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure. This authorization applies to both the EXPDP and IMPDP utilities. Later on, you can revoke this authorization by using the DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure.

If the user wants to import data, also grant this user the BECOME USER system privilege.

A database administrator wants to export or import the contents of an entire database.

In addition to the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles and the authorization granted by the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure, you must grant this user the DV_OWNER role. If the user wants to import data, grant this user the BECOME USER system privilege.

Footnote 1

The BECOME USER privilege is part of the IMP_FULL_DATABASE role by default, but in an Oracle Database Vault environment, this privilege is revoked.

13.3.2.3 Authorizing Users for Oracle Data Pump Regular Operations in Database Vault

You can authorize a database administrator to use Data Pump for regular operations in an Oracle Database Vault environment.

  1. Log into the database instance as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.
  2. Ensure that the user to whom you want to grant authorization has been granted the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles, which are required for using Oracle Data Pump.
    SELECT GRANTEE, GRANTED_ROLE FROM DBA_ROLE_PRIVS WHERE GRANTED_ROLE LIKE '%FULL%';
  3. Grant this user Oracle Database Vault authorization for Oracle Data Pump regular operations.

    For example, to authorize the Data Pump user DP_MGR to export and import objects for the database table EMPLOYEES: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER('DP_MGR', 'HR', 'EMPLOYEES');

    To restrict DP_MGR's activities to a specific schema, you would enter the following procedure: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER('DP_MGR', 'HR');

    To authorize the Data Pump user DP_MGR to export and import objects for the entire database, enter the following: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER('DP_MGR');

    After you run the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure, you can check the user's authorization by querying the DBA_DV_DATAPUMP_AUTH data dictionary view.

  4. If the user must export the entire database, then grant the user the DV_OWNER role.
    GRANT DV_OWNER TO DP_MGR;
13.3.2.4 Revoking Oracle Data Pump Authorization from Users

You can revoke authorization from the database administrator who is using Oracle Data Pump for regular operations.

  1. If you granted the user the DV_OWNER role, then optionally revoke this role.
    REVOKE DV_OWNER FROM DP_MGR;
  2. Query the DBA_DV_DATAPUMP_AUTH data dictionary view to find the users who have been granted Oracle Data Pump authorizations. 
    SELECT GRANTEE, SCHEMA, OBJECT FROM DBA_DV_DATAPUMP_AUTH;
  3. Use the information you gathered from the preceding step to build the DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER command.

    For example: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER('DP_MGR', 'HR', 'EMPLOYEES');

    Ensure that this unauthorization complements the original authorization action. In other words, if you originally gave DP_MGR authorization over the entire database, then the following commands will not work: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER('DP_MGR', 'HR');

EXEC DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER('DP_MGR', 'HR', 'EMPLOYEES');

13.3.3 Authorizing Users for Data Pump Transportable Export and Import Operations

You can grant authorization levels for users who must perform Oracle Data Pump transportable operations.

Parent topic: Using Oracle Data Pump with Oracle Database Vault

13.3.3.1 About Authorizing Users for Oracle Data Pump Transportable Operations

You can grant users different levels of transportable operation authorization.

If you want users to only have the authorization to perform transportable export and import operations, then you must grant users the correct authorization, based on their tasks.

See Also:

Authorizing Users for Data Pump Regular Export and Import Operations if your users must have Oracle Data Pump authorization to perform regular operations in a Database Vault environment

Parent topic: Authorizing Users for Data Pump Transportable Export and Import Operations

13.3.3.2 Levels of Database Vault Authorization for Data Pump Transportable Operations

Oracle Database Vault provides levels of authorization required for users who must perform export and import transportable operations in a Database Vault environment.

Table 13-2 describes these levels.

Table 13-2 Levels of Authorization for Oracle Data Pump Transporatable Operations

Scenario Authorization Required

A database administrator wants to transportable export a tablespace or table that has no Database Vault protection.

You only need to grant this user the standard Oracle Data Pump privileges, which are the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles.

A database administrator wants to transportable export a tablespace where there is Database Vault protection (for example, realm or command rule for a table object residing on that tablespace).

In addition to the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles, you must grant this user Database Vault-specific transportable tablespace authorization by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_TTS_USER procedure. Later on, you can revoke this authorization by using the DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_TTS_USER procedure.

Remember that users who have been granted full database level Oracle Data Pump authorization (through the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure) can perform these operations as well.

A database administrator wants to transportable export a table within a tablespace where there is Database Vault protection (for example, a realm or command rule for a table object residing on the tablespace that contains the table to be exported).

In addition to the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles, you must grant this user Database Vault-specific transportable tablespace authorization for the tablespace that contains the table to be exported by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_TTS_USER procedure.

Remember that users who have been granted full database level Oracle Data Pump authorization (from the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure) can perform these operations as well.

A database administrator wants to transportable export the contents of an entire database.

In addition to the DV_OWNER, EXP_FULL_DATABASE, and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles, you must grant this user Database Vault-specific full database level Oracle Data Pump authorization by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure. You do not need to run the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_TTS_USER procedure for this user.

A database administrator wants to use a network link to transportable import a tablespace or a table that has no Database Vault protection.

In addition to the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles for both the database administrator and the connecting user, you must grant the connecting user specified in the network link the DV_DATAPUMP_NETWORK_LINK role.

A database administrator wants to use a network link to transportable import a tablespace where there is Database Vault protection (for example, realm or command rule for a table object residing on that tablespace)

In addition to the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles, you must grant the connecting user specified in the network link the Database Vault-specific transportable tablespace authorization for that tablespace by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_TTS_USER procedure. You must also grant the connecting user the DV_DATAPUMP_NETWORK_LINK role.

Remember that users who have been granted Database Vault-specific full database level Oracle Data Pump authorization (through the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure) can perform these operations.

A database administrator wants to use a network link to import a table within a transportable tablespace where there is Database Vault protection (for example, realm or command rule for a table object residing on the tablespace that contains the table to be exported)

In addition to the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles, you must grant the connecting user the Database Vault-specific transportable tablespace authorization for the tablespace that contains the table to be exported by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_TTS_USER procedure. You also must grant the connecting user specified in the network link the DV_DATAPUMP_NETWORK_LINK role.

Remember that users who have been granted Database Vault-specific full database level Oracle Data Pump authorization (through the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure) can perform the operations.

A database administrator wants to use a network link to transportable import the contents of an entire database.

In addition to the DV_OWNER role, you must grant the connecting user Database Vault-specific full database level Oracle Data Pump authorization by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure. You do not need to run the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_TTS_USER procedure for this user. You must also grant the connecting user who is specified in the network link the DV_DATAPUMP_NETWORK_LINK role.

13.3.3.3 Authorizing Users for Data Pump Transportable Operations in Database Vault

You can authorize users to perform Oracle Data Pump transportable export or import operations in a Database Vault environment.

  1. Log into the database instance as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.
  2. Ensure that the user to whom you want to grant authorization has been granted the EXP_FULL_DATABASE and IMP_FULL_DATABASE roles, which are required for using Oracle Data Pump.
    SELECT GRANTEE, GRANTED_ROLE FROM DBA_ROLE_PRIVS 
 WHERE GRANTED_ROLE LIKE '%FULL%';
  3. If the user wants to transportable export or use a network link to transportable import the contents of an entire database, then grant the full database level Oracle Data Pump authorization by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure. Otherwise, bypass this step.

    For example:

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER('DP_MGR');
  4. If the user must have Database Vault-specific transportable tablespace authorization only, then grant this user this authorization.

    For example: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_TTS_USER('DP_MGR', 'HR_TS');
  5. If the user who wants to perform a transportable import operation wants to use a network link to perform the operation, then grant this user the DV_DATAPUMP_NETWORK_LINK role.

    For example:

    GRANT DV_DATAPUMP_NETWORK_LINK TO DP_MGR;
  6. If the user wants to transportable export or use a network link to transportable import the entire database, then grant this user the DV_OWNER role.
    GRANT DV_OWNER TO DP_MGR;
13.3.3.4 Revoking Transportable Tablespace Authorization from Users

You can revoke authorization from the database administrator who is using Data Pump.

  1. If you granted the user the DV_OWNER role, then optionally revoke this role.
    REVOKE DV_OWNER FROM DP_MGR;
  2. Query the DBA_DV_TTS_AUTH data dictionary view to find the users who have been granted Oracle Data Pump authorizations. 
    SELECT GRANTEE, TSNAME FROM DBA_DV_TTS_AUTH;
  3. Use the information you gathered from the preceding step to build the DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_TTS_USER statement.

    For example: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.UNUTHORIZE_TTS_USER('DP_MGR', 'HR_TS');
  4. If the user had transportable exported or used a network link to transportable import the contents of an entire database, then revoke the full database level Oracle Data Pump authorization.

    For example:

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER('DP_MGR');
  5. If the user who had performed a transportable import operation used a network link to perform the operation, then revoke the DV_DATAPUMP_NETWORK_LINK role from this user.

    For example:

    REVOKE DV_DATAPUMP_NETWORK_LINK FROM DP_MGR;

13.3.4 Guidelines for Exporting or Importing Data in a Database Vault Environment

After you grant the Oracle Data Pump database administrator the proper authorization, this user can perform any export or import operations that are necessary.

Before this user begins work, he or she should follow these guidelines:

  • Create a full backup of the database datafiles. This way, if you or other users do not like the newly-imported data, then you easily can revert the database to its previous state. This guideline is especially useful if an intruder had managed to modify Oracle Data Pump exported data to use his or her own policies.

  • Decide how to handle exporting and importing multiple schemas or tables. You cannot specify multiple schemas or tables in the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure, but you can use either of the following methods to accomplish this task:

    • Run the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure for each schema or table, and then specify the list of these objects in the SCHEMAS or TABLES parameter of the EXPDP and IMPDP utilities.

    • Perform a full database export or import operation. If so, see the next guideline.

  • When performing an export or import operation for an entire database, set the EXPDP or IMPDP FULL option to Y. Remember that this setting will capture the DVSYS schema, so ensure that the user has been granted the DV_OWNER role.

Note the following:

  • You cannot use the legacy EXP and IMP utilities with the direct path option (direct=y) if Oracle Database Vault is enabled.

  • Users who have been granted Database Vault-specific Oracle Data Pump authorization through the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DATAPUMP_USER procedure or transportable tablespace authorization through the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_TTS_USER procedure can export and import database objects, but they cannot perform other activities, such as SELECT queries on schema tables to which they normally do not have access. Similarly, users are not permitted to perform Data Pump operations on objects outside the designated data objects.

  • You must grant the DV_OWNER role to users who want to export or import an entire database, because a full database export requires access to the DVSYS schema, which stores the Oracle Database Vault policies. However, you cannot export the DVSYS schema itself. Data Pump only exports the protection definitions. The target database must have the DVSYS schema in it and Database Vault enabled before you can begin the import process.) Conversely, for a Data Pump import operation to apply the imported policies to the target database, it internally uses the DBMS_MACADM PL/SQL package, which in turn requires the Data Pump user to have the DV_OWNER role.

See Also:

Oracle Database Utilities for detailed information about Oracle Data Pump

Parent topic: Using Oracle Data Pump with Oracle Database Vault

13.4 Using Oracle Scheduler with Oracle Database Vault

Users who are responsible for scheduling database jobs must have Oracle Database Vault-specific authorization.

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.4.1 About Using Oracle Scheduler with Oracle Database Vault

The level of authorization that you must grant depends on the schema in which the administrator wants to perform a task.

Possible scenarios are as follows:

  • An administrator wants to schedule a job in his or her own schema. An administrator who has been granted privileges to schedule database jobs can continue to do so without any Oracle Database Vault-specific authorizations, unless this schema is protected by a realm. In that case, ensure that this user is authorized to access the realm.

  • An administrator wants to run a job in another schema, but this job does not access any Oracle Database Vault realm or command rule protected object. In this case, this user only needs job related system privileges, not the Oracle Database Vault privileges.

  • An administrator wants to run a job under the schema of another user, including any schema in the database or a remote database. If this job accesses an Oracle Database Vault realm or command rule protected object, then you must grant this user Database Vault-specific authorization by using the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_SCHEDULER_USER procedure. This authorization applies to both background and foreground jobs. For background jobs, the authorization applies to the last user who created or modified the job. In addition, ensure that the schema owner (the protected schema in which the job is created) authorized to the realm.

    Later on, you can revoke this authorization by using the DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_SCHEDULER_USER procedure. If the schema is not protected by a realm, then you do not need to run the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_SCHEDULER_USER procedure for the user.

Related Topics

Parent topic: Using Oracle Scheduler with Oracle Database Vault

13.4.2 Granting a Job Scheduling Administrator Authorization for Database Vault

You can authorize a user to schedule database jobs in a Database Vault environment.

  1. Log into the database instance as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.

    Only a user who has been granted either of these roles can grant the necessary authorization.

  2. Ensure that the user to whom you want to grant authorization has been granted system privileges to schedule database jobs.

    These privileges include any of the following: CREATE JOB, CREATE ANY JOB, CREATE EXTERNAL JOB, EXECUTE ANY PROGRAM, EXECUTE ANY CLASS, MANAGE SCHEDULER. The DBA and SCHEDULER_ADMIN roles provide these privileges; however, when Oracle Database Vault is enabled, the privileges are revoked from these roles.

    For example: 

    SELECT GRANTEE, PRIVILEGE FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS 
 WHERE PRIVILEGE IN ('CREATE JOB', 'CREATE ANY JOB');
  3. Grant this user Oracle Database Vault authorization.

    For example, to authorize the user job_mgr to schedule jobs for any schema in the database: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_SCHEDULER_USER('JOB_MGR');

    Optionally, you can restrict job_mgr's activities to a specific schema, as follows: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_SCHEDULER_USER('JOB_MGR', 'HR');
  4. Ensure that the user has been authorized by querying the DBA_DV_JOB_AUTH data dictionary view as follows: 
    SELECT GRANTEE,SCHEMA FROM DBA_DV_JOB_AUTH WHERE GRANTEE = 'user_name';

Related Topics

Parent topic: Using Oracle Scheduler with Oracle Database Vault

13.4.3 Revoking Authorization from Job Scheduling Administrators

You can revoke authorization from a user for scheduling database jobs.

  1. Query the DBA_DV_JOB_AUTH data dictionary view to find the user's authorization. 
    SELECT GRANTEE, SCHEMA FROM DBA_DV_JOB_AUTH WHERE GRANTEE='username';
  2. Use the information you gathered from the preceding step to build the DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_SCHEDULER_USER command.

    For example: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_SCHEDULER_USER('JOB_MGR');

    Ensure that this unauthorization complements the original authorization action. In other words, if you originally gave job_mgr authorization over the entire database, then the following command will not work: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_SCHEDULER_USER('JOB_MGR', 'HR');

Related Topics

Parent topic: Using Oracle Scheduler with Oracle Database Vault

13.5 Using Information Lifecycle Management with Oracle Database Vault

Users who perform Information Lifecycle Management operations on an Oracle Database Vault-enabled database must be granted authorization to perform these operations.

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.5.1 About Using Information Lifecycle Management with Oracle Database Vault

You can grant authorization to and from users who are responsible for performing Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) operations on Oracle Database Vault realm- and command rule-protected objects.

You must first authorize users before they can perform the following SQL statements for ILM operations in a Database Vault-enabled database:

  • ALTER TABLE

    • ILM

    • FLASHBACK ARCHIVE

    • NO FLASHBACK ARCHIVE

  • ALTER TABLESPACE

    • FLASHBACK MODE

Parent topic: Using Information Lifecycle Management with Oracle Database Vault

13.5.2 Authorizing Users for ILM Operations in Database Vault

You can authorize a user to perform Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) operations in an Oracle Database Vault environment.

  1. Log into the database instance as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.
    Only a user who has been granted either of these roles can grant the necessary authorization.
  2. Use the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_MAINTENANCE_USER to authorize the user.
    For example, to grant a user authorization to perform ILM operations on the HR.EMPLOYEES table:
    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_MAINTENANCE_USER ('PSMITH', 'HR', 'EMPLOYEES', 'TABLE', 'ILM');

    If you wanted to grant user psmith ILM authorizations for the entire database, you would enter a procedure similar to the following: 

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_MAINTENANCE_USER ('PSMITH', '%', '%', '%', '%');
  3. Ensure that the user has been authorized by querying the DBA_DV_MAINTENANCE_AUTH data dictionary view.

Related Topics

Parent topic: Using Information Lifecycle Management with Oracle Database Vault

13.5.3 Revoking Information Lifecycle Management Authorization from Users

You can revoke authorization from users so that they cannot perform Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) operations in an Oracle Database Vault environment.

  1. Log into the database instance as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.
    Only a user who has been granted either of these roles can grant the necessary authorization.
  2. Query the DBA_DV_MAINTENANCE_AUTH data dictionary view to find the kind of authorization that was granted to the ILM user.
  3. Use the DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_MAINTENANCE_USER to revoke the authorization from the user.
    For example:
    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_MAINTENANCE_USER ('PSMITH', 'HR', '%', 'TABLE', 'ILM');

Related Topics

Parent topic: Using Information Lifecycle Management with Oracle Database Vault

13.6 Executing Preprocessor Programs with Oracle Database Vault

Users who execute preprocessor programs through external tables must have Oracle Database Vault-specific authorization.

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.6.1 About Executing Preprocessor Programs with Oracle Database Vault

You can grant and revoke Database Vault authorizations for users to execute preprocessor programs through external tables.

Parent topic: Executing Preprocessor Programs with Oracle Database Vault

13.6.2 Authorizing Users to Execute Preprocessor Programs

The DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_PREPROCESSOR procedure grants users authorization to execute preprocessor programs through external tables.

  1. Log into the database instance as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.
    Only a user who has been granted either of these roles can grant this authorization.
  2. Use the DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_PREPROCESSOR procedure to authorize the user.
    For example:
    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_PREPROCESSOR ('PFITCH');
  3. Ensure that the user has been authorized by querying the DBA_DV_PREPROCESSOR_AUTH data dictionary view.

Parent topic: Executing Preprocessor Programs with Oracle Database Vault

13.6.3 Revoking Execute Preprocessor Authorization from Users

The DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_PREPROCESSOR procedure revokes authorization from users so that they cannot execute preprocessor programs through external tables in an Oracle Database Vault environment.

  1. Log into the database instance as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.
    Only a user who has been granted either of these roles can grant this authorization.
  2. Use the DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_PREPROCESSOR procedure to revoke the authorization from the user.
    For example:
    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.UNAUTHORIZE_PREPROCESSOR ('PFITCH');
  3. Query the DBA_DV_PREPROCESSOR_AUTH data dictionary view to ensure that the user is no longer authorized.

Parent topic: Executing Preprocessor Programs with Oracle Database Vault

13.7 Oracle Recovery Manager and Oracle Database Vault

You can use Recovery Manager (RMAN) in an Oracle Database Vault environment.

The functionality of RMAN with Oracle Database Vault is almost the same as its functionality in a standard Oracle Database environment. However, be aware that the RMAN recover table and table partitions features do not work with realm-protected tables when you attempt an export operation. To perform an export operation, you must perform a full table recovery and then have a Database Vault authorized user perform the export of the real-protected protected table.

Be aware that the RMAN recover table and table partitions features do not work with realm-protected tables when you attempt to recover the table. To recover the table, you must perform a full database recovery and then have a Database Vault authorized user perform the export of the realm-protected table to import into the existing database.

Related Topics

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.8 Privileges for Using Oracle Streams with Oracle Database Vault

If you want to use Oracle Streams in an Oracle Database Vault environment, then you must have the correct privileges.

The privileges that you must have are as follows:

  • You must be granted the DV_STREAMS_ADMIN role in order to configure the Oracle Streams capture process.

  • Before you can apply changes to any tables that are protected by a realm, you must be authorized to have access to that realm. For example:

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.ADD_AUTH_TO_REALM('realm_name','username');

Related Topics

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.9 Privileges for Using XStream with Oracle Database Vault

If you want to use XStream in an Oracle Database Vault environment, then you must have the appropriate privileges.

These privileges are as follows:

  • You must be granted the DV_XSTREAM_ADMIN role in order to configure the XStream.

  • Before you can apply changes to any tables that are protected by a realm, you must be authorized to have access to that realm. For example:

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.ADD_AUTH_TO_REALM('realm_name','username');

Related Topics

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.10 Privileges for Using Oracle GoldenGate with Oracle Database Vault

If you want to use Oracle GoldenGate in an Oracle Database Vault environment, then you must have the appropriate privileges.

These privileges are as follows:

  • The user must be granted the DV_GOLDENGATE_ADMIN role in order to configure the Oracle GoldenGate.

  • The user must be granted the DV_GOLDENGATE_REDO_ACCESS role if the user must use the Oracle GoldenGate TRANLOGOPTIONS DBLOGREADER method to access redo logs.

    For example, to grant the DV_GOLDENGATE_ADMIN and DV_GOLDENGATE_REDO_ACCESS roles to a user named gg_admin: 

    GRANT DV_GOLDENGATE_ADMIN, DV_GOLDENGATE_REDO_ACCESS TO gg_admin;

  • The user must be granted the DV_ACCTMGR role before this user can create users on the replicated side.

  • The user must perform extract operations in triggerless mode before attempting to perform procedural replication.

  • Before users can apply changes to any tables that are protected by a realm, they must be authorized to have access to that realm. For example:

    EXEC DBMS_MACADM.ADD_AUTH_TO_REALM('realm_name','username');

  • The SYS user must be authorized to perform Data Definition Language (DDL) operations in the SYSTEM schema, as follows: 

    EXECUTE DVSYS.DBMS_MACADM.AUTHORIZE_DDL('SYS', 'SYSTEM');

  • The user must be granted authorization to the Oracle Default Component Protection Realm. For example, to grant this realm authorization to a user named gg_admin: 

    BEGIN
 DVSYS.DBMS_MACADM.ADD_AUTH_TO_REALM(
   REALM_NAME    => 'Oracle Default Component Protection Realm',
   GRANTEE       => 'gg_admin',
   AUTH_OPTIONS  => 1);
END;
/

Note:

Oracle GoldenGate queries, updates, and manages objects in the SYS, SYSTEM and GoldenGate-related schemas. If any of the schemas are protected by an Oracle Database Vault realm, then the GoldenGate Extract operation can fail. Oracle Database Vault protects dictionary related objects with the Oracle Default Component Protection Realm and recommends that you do not protect default schemas, such as SYS and SYSTEM, with any custom Oracle Database Vault realms or custom Oracle Database Vault command rules.

Related Topics

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.11 Using Data Masking in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

You must have the correct authorization to perform data masking in an Oracle Database Vault environment.

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.11.1 About Data Masking in an Oracle Database Vault Enabled Database

In an Oracle Database Vault-enabled database, only users who have Database Vault authorizations can mask data in Database Vault-protected database objects.

In a non-Database Vault environment, users who have been granted the SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE and DBA roles can perform data masking. However, with Database Vault, users must have additional privileges. This section describes three ways that you can use to enable users to mask data in Database Vault-protected objects.

If users do not have the correct privileges, then the following errors can occur while creating the masking definition or when the job is executing:

ORA-47400: Command Rule violation for string on string 

ORA-47401: Realm violation for string on string. 

ORA-47408: Realm violation for the EXECUTE command 

ORA-47409: Command Rule violation for the EXECUTE command 

ORA-01301: insufficient privileges

Parent topic: Using Data Masking in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.11.2 Adding Data Masking Users to the Data Dictionary Realm Authorizations

You can add data masking users to the Oracle Default Component Protection realm to give them data dictionary realm authorizations.

The Oracle Data Dictionary controls access to the Oracle Database catalog schemas, such as SYS and SYSTEM. (See Default Realms for a full list of these schemas.) It also controls the ability to grant system privileges and database administrator roles. If you add users to the Oracle Default Component Protection realm, and assuming these users already have the privileges associated with the Oracle Data Dictionary, then these users will have these same privileges in a Database Vault environment. Therefore, if you do add a user to this realm, ensure that this user is a trusted user.

  • To add a user to the Oracle Default Component Protection realm, use the DBMS_MACADM.ADD_AUTH_TO_REALM procedure.

For example: 

BEGIN
 DBMS_MACADM.ADD_AUTH_TO_REALM(
  realm_name   => 'Oracle Default Component Protection Realm', 
  grantee      => 'DBA_JSMITH', 
  auth_options => DBMS_MACUTL.G_REALM_AUTH_PARTICIPANT);
END;
/

Parent topic: Using Data Masking in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.11.3 Giving Users Access to Tables or Schemas That They Want to Mask

To give users access to tables or schemas that they want to mask, you must authorize them for the appropriate realm.

If the table or schema of a table that is to be data masked is in a realm, then you must add the user responsible for data masking to the realm authorization as a participant or owner. If the table or schema has dependent objects that are in other realm-protected tables, then you must grant the user participant or owner authorization for those realms as well.

  • To authorize users for data masking to a realm that protects the objects they want to data mask, use the DBMS_MACADM.ADD_AUTH_TO_REALM procedure.

The following example shows how to grant user DBA_JSMITH authorization for the HR.EMPLOYEES table, which is protected by a realm called Business Apps Realm: 

BEGIN
 DBMS_MACADM.ADD_AUTH_TO_REALM(
  realm_name   => 'Business Apps Realm', 
  grantee      => 'DBA_JSMITH', 
  auth_options => DBMS_MACUTL.G_REALM_AUTH_PARTICIPANT;
END;
/

Parent topic: Using Data Masking in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.11.4 Creating a Command Rule to Control Data Masking Privileges

You must have privileges to manage tables, packages, and triggers before you can use data masking in an Oracle Database Vault environment.

For data masking, users must have the CREATE TABLE, SELECT TABLE, ALTER TABLE, and DROP TABLE privileges for the masking objects and if there are any dependent objects to be created, the user must have the appropriate privileges such as CREATE PACKAGE, CREATE TRIGGER, and so on.

You can create command rules to control data masking privileges at a granular level. To do so, create a command rule that can either prevent or allow the user access to objects that must have to be data masked. For example, you can create a command rule called Allow Data Masking that checks if the user is in a list of users who are responsible for data masking. If the user logging in is one of these users, then the command rule evaluates to true and the user is permitted to create the data mask for the protected object.

To create a command rule that controls data masking privileges:

  1. Create the rule set rule.

    For example: 

    BEGIN
 DBMS_MACADM.CREATE_RULE(
  rule_name  => 'Is HDRISCOLL or DBA_JSMITH User', 
  rule_expr  =>'USER IN(''HDRISCOLL'',''DBA_JSMITH'')';
END;
/
  2. Create a rule set and then add the rule to it: 
    BEGIN
 DBMS_MACADM.CREATE_RULE_SET(
  rule_set_name    => 'Allow Data Masking', 
  description      => 'Allows users HDRISCOLL and DBA_JSMITH access', 
  enabled          => 'Y',
  eval_options     => 1,
  audit_options    => 1,
  fail_options     => 1,
  fail_message     => 'You do not have access to this object.',
  fail_code        => 20461,
  handler_options  => 0, 
  is_static        => TRUE);
END;
/
BEGIN
 DBMS_MACADM.ADD_RULE_TO_RULE_SET(
  rule_set_name => 'Allow Data Masking', 
  rule_name     => 'Is HDRISCOLL or DBA_JSMITH User'),
  rule_order    => 1);
END;
/
  3. Create a command rule and then add this rule to it: 
    BEGIN
 DBMS_MACADM.CREATE_COMMAND_RULE(
  command         => 'CREATE TABLE', 
  rule_set_name   => 'Allow Data Masking', 
  object_owner    => 'HR', 
  object_name     => 'EMPLOYEES', 
  enabled         => DBMS_MACUTL.G_YES);
END; 
/

Parent topic: Using Data Masking in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.12 Converting a Standalone Oracle Database to a PDB and Plugging It into a CDB

You can convert a standalone Oracle Database Release 12c or later database to a PDB, and then plug this PDB into a CDB.

  1. Connect to the root as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER role.

    For example: 

    sqlplus c##sec_admin
Enter password: password
  2. Grant the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role to user SYS with CONTAINER = CURRENT. 
    GRANT DV_PATCH_ADMIN TO SYS CONTAINER = CURRENT;
  3. In the root, connect as user SYS with the SYSOPER system privilege.

    For example:

    CONNECT SYS AS SYSOPER
Enter password: password
  4. Restart the database in read-only mode.

    For example:

    SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
STARTUP MOUNT
ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY
  5. Connect to the Database Vault-enabled database as a user who has the DV_OWNER role.

    For example:

    CONNECT sec_admin@pdb_name
  6. Grant the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role to user SYS on this database.
    GRANT DV_PATCH_ADMIN TO SYS;
  7. Optionally, run the DBMS_PDB.CHECK_PLUG_COMPATIBILITY function to determine whether the unplugged PDB is compatible with the CDB.

    When you run the function, set the following parameters:

    • pdb_descr_file: Set this parameter to the full path to the XML file that will contain a description of the PDB.

    • store_report: Set this parameter to indicate whether you want to generate a report if the PDB is not compatible with the CDB. Set it to TRUE to generate a report or FALSE to not generate a report. A generated report is stored in the PDB_PLUG_IN_VIOLATIONS temporary table and is generated only if the PDB is not compatible with the CDB.

    For example, to determine whether a PDB described by the /disk1/usr/dv_db_pdb.xml file is compatible with the current CDB, run the following PL/SQL block: 

    SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
  compatible CONSTANT VARCHAR2(3) := 
    CASE DBMS_PDB.CHECK_PLUG_COMPATIBILITY(
           pdb_descr_file => '/disk1/usr/dv_db_pdb.xml',
           store_report   => TRUE)
    WHEN TRUE THEN 'YES'
    ELSE 'NO'
END;
BEGIN
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(compatible);
END;
/

    If the output is YES, then the PDB is compatible, and you can continue with the next step.

    If the output is NO, then the PDB is not compatible. You can check the PDB_PLUG_IN_VIOLATIONS temporary table to see why it is not compatible.

  8. Create an XML file that describes the PDB.

    For example:

    BEGIN
  DBMS_PDB.DESCRIBE(
    pdb_descr_file => '/disk1/oracle/dv_db.xml');
END;
/
  9. Run the CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE statement, and specify the XML file in the USING clause. Specify other clauses when they are required.

    For example: 

    CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb_name AS CLONE USING 'dv_db.xml' NOCOPY;
  10. Connect to the PDB that you just created as user SYS with the SYSDBA administrative privilege. 
    CONNECT SYS@pdb_name AS SYSDBA
  11. Execute the noncdb_to_pdb.sql script.
    @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/noncdb_to_pdb.sql
  12. Open this PDB in a read/write restricted mode.
    ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb_name OPEN READ WRITE RESTRICTED;
  13. Run the following procedure to synchronize the PDB:
    EXECUTE DBMS_PDB.SYNC_PDB;
  14. Connect to the root as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER role. 
    sqlplus c##sec_admin
Enter password: password
  15. Revoke the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role from user SYS with CONTAINER = CURRENT.
    REVOKE DV_PATCH_ADMIN FROM SYS CONTAINER = CURRENT;
  16. Connect to the legacy Database Vault-enabled database as user SYS with the SYSOPER system privilege.
    CONNECT SYS@pdb_name AS SYSOPER
  17. Restart this database.

    For example:

    SHUTDOWN IMMMEDIATE
STARUP
  18. Revoke the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role from user SYS.
    REVOKE DV_PATCH_ADMIN FROM SYS;

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.13 Using the ORADEBUG Utility with Oracle Database Vault

The ORADEBUG utility is used primarily by Oracle Support to diagnose problems that may arise with an Oracle database.

You can control whether users can run the ORADEBUG utility in an Oracle Database Vault-enabled environment. In a traditional auditing environment, you can audit the use of ORADEBUG by setting the AUDIT_SYS_OPERATIONS initialization parameter to TRUE. In a unified auditing environment, ORADBUG commands are mandatorily audited. This control does not apply to a privileged OS user, which is the OS user with the same OS user ID as the Oracle server process. This exception is made because such a user can completely control and examine the Oracle process using other means (for example, with a debugger).
  1. Log into the database instance as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.
  2. If necessary, find out if ORADEBUG is already disabled or enabled.
    SELECT * FROM DBA_DV_ORADEBUG;
  3. Run one of the following procedures:

    • To disable the use of ORADEBUG: 

      EXEC DBMS_MACADM.DISABLE_ORADEBUG;

    • To enable the use of ORADEBUG: 

      EXEC DBMS_MACADM.ENABLE_ORADEBUG;

Related Topics

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

13.14 Performing Patch Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment

User SYS must have the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role to perform a patch operations on an Oracle Database Vault-enabled database.

  1. Log in to the database as a user who has been granted the DV_OWNER or DV_ADMIN role.
    For example: 
    CONNECT sec_admin
Enter password: password

    In a multitenant environment, you must log in to the appropriate PDB. For example:

    CONNECT sec_admin@pdb_name
Enter password: password

    To find the available PDBs, query the PDB_NAME column of the DBA_PDBS data dictionary view. To check the current container, run the show con_name command

  2. Temporarily grant the SYS user the DV_PATCH_ADMIN role. 
    GRANT DV_PATCH_ADMIN TO SYS;
  3. After the SYS user has performed the patch operation, carefully following the instructions in the patch readme file, then revoke DV_PATCH_ADMIN from user SYS. 
    REVOKE DV_PATCH_ADMIN FROM SYS;

Parent topic: DBA Operations in an Oracle Database Vault Environment