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  • Title and Copyright Information
  • Introduction
    • About the Guide
    • Database Features and Licensing App
    • Try It On LiveLabs
  • Application Development
    • Application Express
      • Application Backups
      • Dark Mode
      • Export App as Zip
      • Faceted Search
      • Friendly URL Syntax
      • Mega Menus
      • Native PDF Printing
      • New Data Upload
      • New Form Region
      • New Team Development
      • Oracle JET Charts
      • Popup List of Values (LOV)
      • Redwood UI
      • Remote Application Deployment
      • REST Read / Write Enhancements
      • Shared List of Values (LOV)
      • SQL Workshop Now Supports Simple Oracle Document Access (SODA)
      • Universal Theme Enhancements
    • Globalization
      • Enhanced Parallel Execution Applicability
      • New German Linguistic Sorts for Capital Sharp S Support
      • New Era Support for Japanese Imperial Calendar
      • Unicode 12.1 Support
      • Near Zero Downtime
    • Java in Oracle Database
      • Oracle JVM Security Enhancements
    • JDBC
      • Java Library for Reactive Streams Ingestion
      • JDBC DataSource for Sharded Databases Access
      • JDBC Reactive Extensions
      • JDBC Support for Native JSON Data Type
    • JSON Document Store
      • New JSON Data Type
      • New Oracle SQL Function JSON_TRANSFORM
      • SQL/JSON Syntax Improvements
      • Multivalue Index for JSON
      • Enhancements to View Creation and of Virtual Columns Addition
      • JSON Scalar Allowed at Top Level of JSON Document (RFC 8259 Support)
      • Compatibility for Old Clients With Binary JSON
    • Net Services
      • Migration of Oracle CMAN Sessions with High Availability
      • Oracle CMAN Traffic Director Mode Support for All Types of Database Links
      • REST APIs for Oracle CMAN Administration, Proxy Protocol, Enhanced Rule List, and Bandwidth Management
      • Reverse Connection Support Using CMAN Tunnels
    • Oracle Call Interface
      • Improvements to OCI Data Interface for LOBs
      • New C Client Interface APIs for JSON Data Type
      • Oracle Call Interface API to Build and Quote TNS Connection Strings
      • Oracle Call Interface Session Pool Improvements
      • Oracle SODA for C and PL/SQL APIs Enhancements
      • Support for C99 Syntax in Pro*C/C++ Precompiler
    • Oracle Data Provider for .NET (ODP.NET)
      • Managed ODP.NET and ODP.NET Core: Bulk Copy
      • Managed ODP.NET and ODP.NET Core: Debug Tracing Redaction
      • Managed ODP.NET and ODP.NET Core: WebSocket and WebSocket Secure
    • PL/SQL
      • DBMS_CLOUD Package
      • JavaScript Execution using DBMS_MLE
      • New PL/SQL Iterator Constructs
      • New Pragma SUPPRESSES_WARNING_6009
      • PL/SQL Qualified Expressions Enhancements
      • PL/SQL Support For New JSON SQL Data Type
      • PL/SQL Type Attributes in User-Defined Types
    • SQL
      • Enhanced SQL Set Operators
      • Expression Support for Initialization Parameters
      • Placeholders in SQL DDL Statements
      • SQL Macros
    • Text
      • Custom Range Bucketing in Result Set Interface
      • Facet Navigation Support for JSON Search Indexes
      • Improved Index Synchronization and Automatic Index Optimization
      • In-Memory Full Text Columns
      • JSON Support in Result Set Interface
      • Named Entity Recognition Improvements
      • New DIRECTORY_DATASTORE Data Store Type for Oracle Text
      • New NETWORK_DATASTORE Data Store Type for Oracle Text
      • New Oracle Text Index Type: Search Index
  • Big Data and Data Warehousing Solutions
    • Analytic Views
      • Analytic View Enhancements to SQL and PL/SQL
    • Analytical SQL and Statistical Functions
      • Bitwise Aggregate Functions
      • Enhanced Analytic Functions
      • New Analytical and Statistical Aggregate Functions
    • Machine Learning for SQL
      • Adam Optimization Solver for the Neural Network Algorithm
      • Oracle Machine Learning MSET-SPRT Algorithm
      • Oracle Machine Learning XGBoost Algorithm
    • Machine Learning for Python
      • Oracle Machine Learning for Python (OML4Py)
      • Oracle Machine Learning for Python Configuration in DBCA
    • Query Optimization
      • In-Memory Vectorized Joins
    • Spatial and Graph
      • Property Graph: Graph Server and Client Kit
      • Property Graph: Native Python Client
      • Property Graph: New Features in PGQL
      • Property Graph: Optimized Graph Representation for Faster Performance
      • Property Graph: User-defined Graph Algorithms
      • Property Graph Visualization
      • RDF Graph: Native Unicode Storage and Processing
      • Self-service Low-code Spatial Studio
      • Spatial Network Data Model Contraction Hierarchy
      • Spatial Support for Database In-Memory
  • Database Upgrade and Utilities
    • Database Utilities
      • Oracle Data Pump Checksums Support Cloud Migrations
      • Oracle Data Pump Exports from Oracle Autonomous Database
      • Oracle Data Pump Includes and Excludes in the Same Operation
      • Oracle Data Pump Parallelizes Transportable Tablespace Metadata Operations
      • Oracle Data Pump Provides Optional Index Compression
      • Oracle Data Pump Resumes Transportable Tablespace Jobs
      • Oracle Data Pump Supports Export to and Import From Cloud Object Stores
      • Oracle Data Pump Supports Native JSON Datatypes
      • Oracle SQL*Loader Support for Object Store Credentials
      • Oracle SQL*Loader Supports Native JSON Data Type
    • Upgrades and Migration
      • AutoUpgrade Automates Data Guard Operations During Database Upgrade
      • AutoUpgrade Automates Steps Required for Oracle RAC Database Upgrade
      • AutoUpgrade Automates Upgrade and Conversion of Non-CDB to PDB
      • AutoUpgrade Automates Upgrade of a PDB via Unplug-Plug-Upgrade
      • Oracle Database Automates Database Upgrades with AutoUpgrade
  • Management Solutions
    • Diagnosability
      • Enhanced Diagnosability of Oracle Database
      • SQL*Net Improved Diagnosability
    • Manageability
      • Persistent Memory Database
      • DAX-Enabled File Systems
      • New Database Initialization Parameters for Database Resident Connection Pooling (DRCP)
      • Multi-Mount DBFS Client
      • Near Zero Brownout for Planned Maintenance
      • Oracle Grid Infrastructure SwitchHome
      • Read-Only Oracle Home Default
  • Performance and High Availability
    • ACFS Cluster File System
      • AutoShrink for ACFS
      • Mixed Sector Support
      • Oracle ACFS File Based Snapshots
      • Replication Unplanned Failover
      • AutoShrink for ACFS
      • Mixed Sector Support
      • Oracle ACFS File Based Snapshots
      • Replication Unplanned Failover
    • Application Continuity
      • Application Continuity Protection Check
      • Session Migration
      • Reset Session State
      • Transparent Application Continuity
      • Transparent Application Continuity in the Oracle Cloud
    • Automatic Operations
      • Automatic Indexing Enhancements
      • Automatic Index Optimization
      • Automatic Materialized Views
      • Automatic SQL Tuning Set
      • Automatic Temporary Tablespace Shrink
      • Automatic Undo Tablespace Shrink
      • Automatic Zone Maps
      • Object Activity Tracking System
      • Sequence Dynamic Cache Resizing
    • Automatic Storage Manager (ASM)
      • Enable ASMCA to Configure Flex ASM on an Existing NAS Configuration
      • Enhanced Double Parity Protection for Flex and Extended Disk Groups
      • File Group Templates
      • Oracle ASM Flex Disk Group Support for Cloning a PDB in One CDB to a New PDB in a Different CDB
    • Autonomous Health Framework
      • Enhanced Support for Oracle Exadata
      • Oracle Cluster Health Advisor Support for Solaris
      • Oracle Cluster Health Monitor Local Mode Support
      • Oracle ORAchk and EXAchk Support for REST API
      • Oracle Trace File Analyzer Real-Time Health Summary
      • Oracle Trace File Analyzer Support for Efficient Multiple Service Request Data Collections
      • Remote GIMR Support for Oracle Standalone Clusters
      • Support for Automatically Enabling Oracle Database Quality of Service (QoS) Management
      • Support for Deploying Grid Infrastructure Management Repository (GIMR) into a Separate Oracle Home
    • Clusterware
      • Clusterware REST API
      • Common Data Model Across Fleet Patching and Provisioning Servers
      • FPP Integration with AutoUpgrade
      • Oracle Clusterware 21c Deprecated and Desupported Features
    • Database In-Memory
      • Database In-Memory Base Level
      • Automatic In-Memory
      • Database In-Memory External Table Enhancements
      • In-Memory Hybrid Scans
      • CellMemory Level
      • Database In-Memory Additional Features
    • Data Guard
      • Active Data Guard - Standby Result Cache
      • Data Guard Broker Far Sync Instance Creation
      • Data Guard Far Sync instance in Maximum Performance Mode
      • Fast-Start Failover Callouts
      • Fast-Start Failover Configuration Validation
      • PDB Recovery Isolation
      • Standardized Data Guard Broker Directory Structure
      • Other Features
        • Callout Configuration Scripts
        • Data Guard Broker Managed Default Directory
        • Oracle Database 21c Data Guard Desupported Features
        • FastStartFailoverLagLimit Configuration Property
        • PREPARE DATABASE FOR DATA GUARD Command
        • VALIDATE FAST_START FAILOVER Command
    • Flashback
      • Migrate Flashback Time Travel-Enabled Tables Between Different Database Releases
      • Flashback Database Support for Datafile Shrink
      • PDB Point-in-Time Recovery or Flashback to Any Time in the Recent Past
    • GoldenGate
      • Automatic CDR Enhancements
      • Improved Support for Table Replication for Oracle GoldenGate
      • LogMiner Views Added to Assist Replication
      • Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle and XStream Support for JSON Data Type
    • Multitenant
      • DRCP Enhancements for Oracle Multitenant
      • Expanded Syntax for PDB Application Synchronization
      • MAX_IDLE_BLOCKER_TIME Parameter
      • Namespace Integration with Database
      • Support Per-PDB Capture for Oracle Autonomous Database
      • Time Zone support for PDBs in DBCA
      • Using Non-CDBs and CDBs
    • Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC)
      • Cache Fusion Hardening
      • Database Management Policy change for Oracle RAC in DBCA
      • Integration of PDB as a Resource in Clusterware
      • Pluggable Database Cluster Resources
    • SecureFiles
      • SecureFiles Shrink
    • Sharding
      • Centralized Backup and Restore of a Sharded Database
      • Create a Sharded Database from Multiple Existing Databases (Federated Sharding)
      • Multi-Shard Query, Data Loading, and DML Enhancements
      • Sharding Advisor Schema Analysis Tool
    • Transactional Event Queues (TEQs)
      • Advanced Queuing Support for JSON Data Type
      • Advanced Queuing: Kafka Java Client for Transactional Event Queues
      • Advanced Queuing: PL/SQL Enqueue and Dequeue Support for JMS Payload in Transactional Event Queues
      • Advanced Queuing: PL/SQL Enqueue and Dequeue Support for non-JMS Payload in Transactional Event Queues
      • Advanced Queuing: Simplified Metadata and Schema in Transactional Event Queues
      • Advanced Queuing: Transactional Event Queues for Performance and Scalability
  • Security Solutions
    • Advanced Security
      • Ability to Control Heartbeats in United Mode and Isolated Mode PDBs
      • Ability to Set the Default Tablespace Encryption Algorithm
      • Enhanced Database Availability with Zero Downtime to Switch Over to an Updated PKCS#11 Library
      • Improved Performance with Large Numbers of TDE Keys in Wallets or Oracle Key Vault
      • Sharing of TDE Master Encryption Key Across Oracle Processes
    • Database Vault
      • Ability to Prevent Local Oracle Database Vault Policies from Blocking Common Operations
      • ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT Statement Now Protected by Oracle Database Vault Command Rules
      • DBA_DV_SIMULATION_LOG View Columns REALM_NAME and RULE_SET_NAME Now VARCHAR2 Data Type
      • No Need to Disable Oracle Database Vault Before Upgrades
      • Uninstalling and Installing Oracle Label Security and Oracle Database Vault Now Supported
    • Security
      • Oracle Blockchain Table
      • Immutable Tables
      • Authentication and Authorization
        • Ability to Specify the Location of the CMU Wallet and dsi.ora File with a Database Property
        • Ability to Use Multiple Kerberos Principals with a Single Database Client
        • Addition of USER_APPLICATION_ROLES Data Dictionary View
        • Connect to Multiple Databases with Different Certificates from a Single Client
        • Enterprise User Manager Support for Per-PDB Directory Service Connections
        • Force Upgraded Password File to be Case Sensitive
        • Gradual Database Password Rollover for Applications
        • Minimum Password Length Enforcement for All PDBs
        • New and Updated Password User Profiles for STIG and CIS
        • Oracle Database Connections to Kerberos Servers Now Default to TCP
        • Windows Authentication No Longer Uses NTLM by Default
      • Encryption
        • Updated Support for Micro Edition Suite (MES) for FIPS 140.2
        • Support for DBMS_CRYPTO Asymmetric Key Operations
      • Audit
        • Auditing for Oracle XML DB HTTP and FTP Services
        • Predefined Unified Audit Policies for Security Technical Implementation Guide (STIG) Compliance
        • SYSLOG Destination for Common Unified Audit Policies
        • Unified Audit Policies Enforced on the Current User
        • Unified Audit Policy Configuration Changes Effective Immediately
        • Unified Auditing on an Editioned Object Now Applies to All Its Editions
  • New Features in 21c Release Updates
    • Release Update 21.4 Features
    • Release Update 21.5 Features
    • Release Update 21.6 Features
    • Release Update 21.7 Features
      • Data Guard per Pluggable Database
    • Release Update 21.8 Features
    • Release Update 21.9 Features
    • Release Update 21.10 Features
    • Release Update 21.11 Features
    • Release Update 21.12 Features
      • AutoUpgrade Release Update (RU) Upgrades
      • AutoUpgrade Sets Parallelism Based on System Resources
      • AutoUpgrade Supports Upgrades with Keystore Access to Databases Using TDE
      • AutoUpgrade Unplug-Plugin Upgrades to Different Systems
      • REST APIs for AutoUpgrade
    • Release Update 21.13 Features
    • Release Update 21.14 Features
    • Release Update 21.15 Features
    • Release Update 21.16 Features
    • Release Update 21.17 Features
    • Release Update 21.18 Features
    • Release Update 21.19 Features
    • Release Update 21.20 Features