Table of Contents

• Title and Copyright Information
• Preface
  • Audience
  • Documentation Accessibility
  • Related Documents
  • Conventions
• Part I Basic Database Administration
  • 1 Getting Started with Database Administration
    • 1.1 Changes on Oracle Database Release 23ai for Oracle Database Administrator's Guide
      • 1.1.1 New Features in 23ai
      • 1.1.2 Deprecated Features
      • 1.1.3 Desupported Features
    • 1.2 Types of Oracle Database Users
      • 1.2.1 Database Administrators
      • 1.2.2 Security Officers
      • 1.2.3 Network Administrators
      • 1.2.4 Application Developers
      • 1.2.5 Application Administrators
      • 1.2.6 Database Users
    • 1.3 Tasks of a Database Administrator
      • 1.3.1 Task 1: Evaluate the Database Server Hardware
      • 1.3.2 Task 2: Install the Oracle Database Software
      • 1.3.3 Task 3: Plan the Database
      • 1.3.4 Task 4: Create and Open the Database
      • 1.3.5 Task 5: Back Up the Database
      • 1.3.6 Task 6: Enroll System Users
      • 1.3.7 Task 7: Implement the Database Design
      • 1.3.8 Task 8: Back Up the Fully Functional Database
      • 1.3.9 Task 9: Tune Database Performance
      • 1.3.10 Task 10: Download and Install Release Updates and Release Update Revisions
      • 1.3.11 Task 11: Roll Out to Additional Hosts
    • 1.4 SQL Statements
      • 1.4.1 Submitting Commands and SQL to the Database
      • 1.4.2 About SQL*Plus
      • 1.4.3 Connecting to the Database with SQL*Plus
        • 1.4.3.1 About Connecting to the Database with SQL*Plus
        • 1.4.3.2 Step 1: Open a Command Window
        • 1.4.3.3 Step 2: Set Operating System Environment Variables
        • 1.4.3.4 Step 3: Start SQL*Plus
        • 1.4.3.5 Step 4: Submit the SQL*Plus CONNECT Command
          • 1.4.3.5.1 Syntax of the SQL*Plus CONNECT Command
    • 1.5 Identifying Your Oracle Database Software Release
      • 1.5.1 About Oracle Database Release Numbers
      • 1.5.2 Checking Your Current Release Number
    • 1.6 About Database Administrator Security and Privileges
      • 1.6.1 The Database Administrator's Operating System Account
      • 1.6.2 Administrative User Accounts
        • 1.6.2.1 About Administrative User Accounts
        • 1.6.2.2 SYS
        • 1.6.2.3 SYSTEM
        • 1.6.2.4 SYSBACKUP, SYSDG, SYSKM, and SYSRAC
        • 1.6.2.5 The DBA Role
    • 1.7 Database Administrator Authentication
      • 1.7.1 Administrative Privileges
      • 1.7.2 Operations Authorized by Administrative Privileges
      • 1.7.3 Authentication Methods for Database Administrators
        • 1.7.3.1 About Authentication Methods for Database Administrators
        • 1.7.3.2 Nonsecure Remote Connections
        • 1.7.3.3 Local Connections and Secure Remote Connections
      • 1.7.4 Using Operating System Authentication
        • 1.7.4.1 Operating System Groups
        • 1.7.4.2 Preparing to Use Operating System Authentication
        • 1.7.4.3 Connecting Using Operating System Authentication
      • 1.7.5 Using Password File Authentication
        • 1.7.5.1 Preparing to Use Password File Authentication
        • 1.7.5.2 Connecting Using Password File Authentication
    • 1.8 Creating and Maintaining a Database Password File
      • 1.8.1 ORAPWD Syntax and Command Line Argument Descriptions
      • 1.8.2 Creating a Database Password File with ORAPWD
      • 1.8.3 Sharing and Disabling the Database Password File
      • 1.8.4 Keeping Administrator Passwords Synchronized with the Data Dictionary
      • 1.8.5 Adding Users to a Database Password File
      • 1.8.6 Granting and Revoking Administrative Privileges
      • 1.8.7 Viewing Database Password File Members
      • 1.8.8 Removing a Database Password File
    • 1.9 Data Utilities
  • 2 Configuring Automatic Restart of an Oracle Database
    • 2.1 About Oracle Restart
      • 2.1.1 Oracle Restart Overview
      • 2.1.2 About Startup Dependencies
      • 2.1.3 About Starting and Stopping Components with Oracle Restart
      • 2.1.4 About Starting and Stopping Oracle Restart
      • 2.1.5 Oracle Restart Configuration
      • 2.1.6 Oracle Restart Integration with Oracle Data Guard
      • 2.1.7 Fast Application Notification with Oracle Restart
        • 2.1.7.1 Overview of Fast Application Notification
        • 2.1.7.2 Application High Availability with Services and FAN
          • 2.1.7.2.1 Managing Unplanned Outages
          • 2.1.7.2.2 Managing Planned Outages
          • 2.1.7.2.3 Fast Application Notification High Availability Events
          • 2.1.7.2.4 Using Fast Application Notification Callouts
          • 2.1.7.2.5 Oracle Clients That Are Integrated with Fast Application Notification
    • 2.2 Configuring Oracle Restart
      • 2.2.1 About Configuring Oracle Restart
      • 2.2.2 Preparing to Run SRVCTL
      • 2.2.3 Obtaining Help for SRVCTL
      • 2.2.4 Adding Components to the Oracle Restart Configuration
      • 2.2.5 Removing Components from the Oracle Restart Configuration
      • 2.2.6 Disabling and Enabling Oracle Restart Management for a Component
      • 2.2.7 Viewing Component Status
      • 2.2.8 Viewing the Oracle Restart Configuration for a Component
      • 2.2.9 Modifying the Oracle Restart Configuration for a Component
      • 2.2.10 Managing Environment Variables in the Oracle Restart Configuration
        • 2.2.10.1 About Environment Variables in the Oracle Restart Configuration
        • 2.2.10.2 Setting and Unsetting Environment Variables
        • 2.2.10.3 Viewing Environment Variables
      • 2.2.11 Creating and Deleting Database Services with SRVCTL
      • 2.2.12 Enabling FAN Events in an Oracle Restart Environment
      • 2.2.13 Automating the Failover of Connections Between Primary and Standby Databases
      • 2.2.14 Enabling Clients for Fast Connection Failover
        • 2.2.14.1 About Enabling Clients for Fast Connection Failover
        • 2.2.14.2 Enabling Fast Connection Failover for JDBC Clients
        • 2.2.14.3 Enabling Fast Connection Failover for Oracle Call Interface Clients
        • 2.2.14.4 Enabling Fast Connection Failover for ODP.NET Clients
    • 2.3 Starting and Stopping Components Managed by Oracle Restart
    • 2.4 Stopping and Restarting Oracle Restart for Maintenance Operations
    • 2.5 SRVCTL Command Reference for Oracle Restart
      • 2.5.1 add
        • 2.5.1.1 srvctl add asm
          • 2.5.1.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.1.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.1.2 srvctl add database
          • 2.5.1.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.1.2.2 Examples
        • 2.5.1.3 srvctl add listener
          • 2.5.1.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.1.3.2 Example
        • 2.5.1.4 srvctl add ons
          • 2.5.1.4.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.1.5 srvctl add service
          • 2.5.1.5.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.1.5.2 Example
      • 2.5.2 config
        • 2.5.2.1 srvctl config asm
          • 2.5.2.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.2.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.2.2 srvctl config database
          • 2.5.2.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.2.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.2.3 srvctl config listener
          • 2.5.2.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.2.3.2 Example
        • 2.5.2.4 srvctl config ons
          • 2.5.2.4.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.2.5 srvctl config service
          • 2.5.2.5.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.2.5.2 Example
      • 2.5.3 disable
        • 2.5.3.1 srvctl disable asm
          • 2.5.3.1.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.3.2 srvctl disable database
          • 2.5.3.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.3.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.3.3 srvctl disable diskgroup
          • 2.5.3.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.3.3.2 Example
        • 2.5.3.4 srvctl disable listener
          • 2.5.3.4.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.3.4.2 Example
        • 2.5.3.5 srvctl disable ons
          • 2.5.3.5.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.3.6 srvctl disable service
          • 2.5.3.6.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.3.6.2 Example
      • 2.5.4 downgrade
        • 2.5.4.1 srvctl downgrade database
          • 2.5.4.1.1 Syntax and Options
      • 2.5.5 enable
        • 2.5.5.1 srvctl enable asm
          • 2.5.5.1.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.5.2 srvctl enable database
          • 2.5.5.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.5.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.5.3 srvctl enable diskgroup
          • 2.5.5.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.5.3.2 Example
        • 2.5.5.4 srvctl enable listener
          • 2.5.5.4.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.5.4.2 Example
        • 2.5.5.5 srvctl enable ons
          • 2.5.5.5.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.5.6 srvctl enable service
          • 2.5.5.6.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.5.6.2 Example
      • 2.5.6 getenv
        • 2.5.6.1 srvctl getenv asm
          • 2.5.6.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.6.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.6.2 srvctl getenv database
          • 2.5.6.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.6.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.6.3 srvctl getenv listener
          • 2.5.6.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.6.3.2 Example
      • 2.5.7 modify
        • 2.5.7.1 srvctl modify asm
          • 2.5.7.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.7.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.7.2 srvctl modify database
          • 2.5.7.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.7.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.7.3 srvctl modify listener
          • 2.5.7.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.7.3.2 Example
        • 2.5.7.4 srvctl modify ons
          • 2.5.7.4.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.7.5 srvctl modify service
          • 2.5.7.5.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.7.5.2 Example
      • 2.5.8 remove
        • 2.5.8.1 srvctl remove asm
          • 2.5.8.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.8.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.8.2 srvctl remove database
          • 2.5.8.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.8.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.8.3 srvctl remove diskgroup
          • 2.5.8.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.8.3.2 Example
        • 2.5.8.4 srvctl remove listener
          • 2.5.8.4.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.8.4.2 Example
        • 2.5.8.5 srvctl remove ons
          • 2.5.8.5.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.8.6 srvctl remove service
          • 2.5.8.6.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.8.6.2 Example
      • 2.5.9 setenv
        • 2.5.9.1 srvctl setenv asm
          • 2.5.9.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.9.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.9.2 srvctl setenv database
          • 2.5.9.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.9.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.9.3 srvctl setenv listener
          • 2.5.9.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.9.3.2 Example
      • 2.5.10 start
        • 2.5.10.1 srvctl start asm
          • 2.5.10.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.10.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.10.2 srvctl start database
          • 2.5.10.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.10.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.10.3 srvctl start diskgroup
          • 2.5.10.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.10.3.2 Example
        • 2.5.10.4 srvctl start home
          • 2.5.10.4.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.10.5 srvctl start listener
          • 2.5.10.5.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.10.5.2 Example
        • 2.5.10.6 srvctl start ons
          • 2.5.10.6.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.10.7 srvctl start service
          • 2.5.10.7.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.10.7.2 Example
      • 2.5.11 status
        • 2.5.11.1 srvctl status asm
          • 2.5.11.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.11.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.11.2 srvctl status database
          • 2.5.11.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.11.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.11.3 srvctl status diskgroup
          • 2.5.11.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.11.3.2 Example
        • 2.5.11.4 srvctl status home
          • 2.5.11.4.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.11.5 srvctl status listener
          • 2.5.11.5.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.11.5.2 Example
        • 2.5.11.6 srvctl status ons
          • 2.5.11.6.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.11.7 srvctl status service
          • 2.5.11.7.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.11.7.2 Example
      • 2.5.12 stop
        • 2.5.12.1 srvctl stop asm
          • 2.5.12.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.12.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.12.2 srvctl stop database
          • 2.5.12.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.12.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.12.3 srvctl stop diskgroup
          • 2.5.12.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.12.3.2 Example
        • 2.5.12.4 srvctl stop home
          • 2.5.12.4.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.12.5 srvctl stop listener
          • 2.5.12.5.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.12.5.2 Example
        • 2.5.12.6 srvctl stop ons
          • 2.5.12.6.1 Syntax and Options
        • 2.5.12.7 srvctl stop service
          • 2.5.12.7.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.12.7.2 Example
      • 2.5.13 unsetenv
        • 2.5.13.1 srvctl unsetenv asm
          • 2.5.13.1.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.13.1.2 Example
        • 2.5.13.2 srvctl unsetenv database
          • 2.5.13.2.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.13.2.2 Example
        • 2.5.13.3 srvctl unsetenv listener
          • 2.5.13.3.1 Syntax and Options
          • 2.5.13.3.2 Example
      • 2.5.14 update
        • 2.5.14.1 srvctl update database
          • 2.5.14.1.1 Syntax and Options
      • 2.5.15 upgrade
        • 2.5.15.1 srvctl upgrade database
          • 2.5.15.1.1 Syntax and Options
    • 2.6 CRSCTL Command Reference
      • 2.6.1 check
      • 2.6.2 config
      • 2.6.3 disable
      • 2.6.4 enable
      • 2.6.5 start
      • 2.6.6 stop
  • 3 Managing Processes
    • 3.1 About Dedicated and Shared Server Processes
      • 3.1.1 Dedicated Server Processes
      • 3.1.2 Shared Server Processes
    • 3.2 About Database Resident Connection Pooling
      • 3.2.1 Comparing DRCP to Dedicated Server and Shared Server
    • 3.3 About Proxy Resident Connection Pooling
    • 3.4 Configuring Oracle Database for Shared Server
      • 3.4.1 Initialization Parameters for Shared Server
      • 3.4.2 Memory Management for Shared Server
      • 3.4.3 Enabling Shared Server
        • 3.4.3.1 About Determining a Value for SHARED_SERVERS
        • 3.4.3.2 Decreasing the Number of Shared Server Processes
        • 3.4.3.3 Limiting the Number of Shared Server Processes
        • 3.4.3.4 Limiting the Number of Shared Server Sessions
        • 3.4.3.5 Protecting Shared Memory
      • 3.4.4 Configuring Dispatchers
        • 3.4.4.1 DISPATCHERS Initialization Parameter Attributes
        • 3.4.4.2 Determining the Number of Dispatchers
        • 3.4.4.3 Setting the Initial Number of Dispatchers
        • 3.4.4.4 Altering the Number of Dispatchers
          • 3.4.4.4.1 Notes on Altering Dispatchers
        • 3.4.4.5 Shutting Down Specific Dispatcher Processes
      • 3.4.5 Disabling Shared Server
      • 3.4.6 Shared Server Data Dictionary Views
    • 3.5 Configuring Database Resident Connection Pooling
      • 3.5.1 Database Resident Connection Pooling Initialization Parameters
      • 3.5.2 Enabling Database Resident Connection Pooling
      • 3.5.3 Configuring the Connection Pool for Database Resident Connection Pooling
        • 3.5.3.1 Configuration Parameters for Database Resident Connection Pooling
      • 3.5.4 Using Multi-Pool Database Resident Connection Pooling
      • 3.5.5 Data Dictionary Views for Database Resident Connection Pooling
      • 3.5.6 Determining the States of Connections in the Connection Pool
    • 3.6 About Oracle Database Background Processes
    • 3.7 Managing Prespawned Processes
      • 3.7.1 About Managing Prespawned Processes
      • 3.7.2 Managing Pools for Prespawned Processes
    • 3.8 Managing Processes for Parallel SQL Execution
      • 3.8.1 About Parallel Execution Servers
      • 3.8.2 Altering Parallel Execution for a Session
        • 3.8.2.1 Disabling Parallel SQL Execution
        • 3.8.2.2 Enabling Parallel SQL Execution
        • 3.8.2.3 Forcing Parallel SQL Execution
    • 3.9 Managing Processes for External Procedures
      • 3.9.1 About External Procedures
      • 3.9.2 DBA Tasks to Enable External Procedure Calls
    • 3.10 Terminating Sessions
      • 3.10.1 About Terminating Sessions
      • 3.10.2 Identifying Which Session to Terminate
      • 3.10.3 Terminating an Active Session
      • 3.10.4 Terminating an Inactive Session
      • 3.10.5 Cancelling a SQL Statement in a Session
    • 3.11 Process and Session Data Dictionary Views
  • 4 Managing Memory
    • 4.1 About Memory Management
    • 4.2 Memory Architecture Overview
    • 4.3 Using Unified Memory Management
    • 4.4 Using Automatic Memory Management
      • 4.4.1 About Automatic Memory Management
      • 4.4.2 Enabling Automatic Memory Management
      • 4.4.3 Monitoring and Tuning Automatic Memory Management
    • 4.5 Configuring Memory Manually
      • 4.5.1 About Manual Memory Management
      • 4.5.2 Using Automatic Shared Memory Management
        • 4.5.2.1 About Automatic Shared Memory Management
        • 4.5.2.2 Components and Granules in the SGA
        • 4.5.2.3 Setting Maximum SGA Size
        • 4.5.2.4 Setting SGA Target Size
          • 4.5.2.4.1 The SGA Target and Automatically Sized SGA Components
          • 4.5.2.4.2 SGA and Virtual Memory
          • 4.5.2.4.3 Monitoring and Tuning SGA Target Size
        • 4.5.2.5 Enabling Automatic Shared Memory Management
        • 4.5.2.6 Setting Minimums for Automatically Sized SGA Components
        • 4.5.2.7 Dynamic Modification of SGA_TARGET
        • 4.5.2.8 Modifying Parameters for Automatically Sized Components
        • 4.5.2.9 Modifying Parameters for Manually Sized Components
      • 4.5.3 Using Manual Shared Memory Management
        • 4.5.3.1 About Manual Shared Memory Management
        • 4.5.3.2 Enabling Manual Shared Memory Management
        • 4.5.3.3 Setting the Buffer Cache Initialization Parameters
          • 4.5.3.3.1 Example of Setting Block and Cache Sizes
          • 4.5.3.3.2 Multiple Buffer Pools
        • 4.5.3.4 Specifying the Shared Pool Size
          • 4.5.3.4.1 The Result Cache and Shared Pool Size
        • 4.5.3.5 Specifying the Large Pool Size
        • 4.5.3.6 Specifying the Java Pool Size
        • 4.5.3.7 Specifying the Streams Pool Size
        • 4.5.3.8 Specifying the Vector Pool Size
        • 4.5.3.9 Specifying Miscellaneous SGA Initialization Parameters
          • 4.5.3.9.1 Physical Memory
          • 4.5.3.9.2 SGA Starting Address
      • 4.5.4 Using Automatic PGA Memory Management
      • 4.5.5 Using Manual PGA Memory Management
    • 4.6 Using Force Full Database Caching Mode
      • 4.6.1 About Force Full Database Caching Mode
      • 4.6.2 Before Enabling Force Full Database Caching Mode
      • 4.6.3 Enabling Force Full Database Caching Mode
      • 4.6.4 Disabling Force Full Database Caching Mode
    • 4.7 Configuring Database Smart Flash Cache
      • 4.7.1 When to Configure Database Smart Flash Cache
      • 4.7.2 Sizing Database Smart Flash Cache
      • 4.7.3 Tuning Memory for Database Smart Flash Cache
      • 4.7.4 Database Smart Flash Cache Initialization Parameters
      • 4.7.5 Database Smart Flash Cache in an Oracle Real Applications Clusters Environment
    • 4.8 Improving Query Response Time with the Server Result Cache
      • 4.8.1 About the Server Result Cache
      • 4.8.2 Using the Server Result Cache
      • 4.8.3 Specifying the Result Cache Maximum Size
      • 4.8.4 Specifying the Use of Temporary Segments for Query Results
    • 4.9 Improving Query Performance with Oracle Database In-Memory
    • 4.10 Enabling High Performance Data Streaming with the Memoptimized Rowstore
    • 4.11 Memory Management Reference
      • 4.11.1 Platforms That Support Automatic Memory Management
      • 4.11.2 Memory Management Data Dictionary Views
    • 4.12 Configuring and Using True Cache
  • 5 Managing Users and Securing the Database
    • 5.1 The Importance of Establishing a Security Policy for Your Database
    • 5.2 Managing Users and Resources
    • 5.3 User Privileges and Roles
    • 5.4 Auditing Database Activity
    • 5.5 Predefined User Accounts
  • 6 Monitoring the Database
    • 6.1 Monitoring Errors and Alerts
      • 6.1.1 Monitoring Errors with Trace Files and the Alert Log
        • 6.1.1.1 About Monitoring Errors with Trace Files and the Alert Log
        • 6.1.1.2 Controlling the Size of an Alert Log
        • 6.1.1.3 Controlling the Size of Trace Files
          • 6.1.1.3.1 Trace File Segmentation and MAX_DUMP_FILE_SIZE
        • 6.1.1.4 Controlling When Oracle Database Writes to Trace Files
        • 6.1.1.5 Reading the Trace File for Shared Server Sessions
      • 6.1.2 Monitoring a Database with Server-Generated Alerts
        • 6.1.2.1 About Monitoring a Database with Server-Generated Alerts
        • 6.1.2.2 Setting and Retrieving Thresholds for Server-Generated Alerts
          • 6.1.2.2.1 Setting Threshold Levels
          • 6.1.2.2.2 Retrieving Threshold Information
        • 6.1.2.3 Viewing Server-Generated Alerts
        • 6.1.2.4 Server-Generated Alerts Data Dictionary Views
    • 6.2 Monitoring Performance
      • 6.2.1 Monitoring Locks
      • 6.2.2 About Monitoring Wait Events
      • 6.2.3 Performance Monitoring Data Dictionary Views
    • 6.3 Monitoring Quarantined Objects
      • 6.3.1 About Object Quarantine
      • 6.3.2 Viewing Quarantined Objects
    • 6.4 Automatically Monitoring Schema Objects
  • 7 Diagnosing and Resolving Problems
    • 7.1 About the Oracle Database Fault Diagnosability Infrastructure
      • 7.1.1 Fault Diagnosability Infrastructure Overview
      • 7.1.2 Incidents and Problems
        • 7.1.2.1 About Incidents and Problems
        • 7.1.2.2 Incident Flood Control
        • 7.1.2.3 Related Problems Across the Topology
      • 7.1.3 Fault Diagnosability Infrastructure Components
        • 7.1.3.1 Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR)
        • 7.1.3.2 Alert Log
        • 7.1.3.3 Attention Log
        • 7.1.3.4 Trace Files, Dumps, and Core Files
          • 7.1.3.4.1 Trace Files
          • 7.1.3.4.2 Dumps
          • 7.1.3.4.3 Core Files
        • 7.1.3.5 DDL Log
        • 7.1.3.6 Debug Log
        • 7.1.3.7 Other ADR Contents
        • 7.1.3.8 Enterprise Manager Support Workbench
        • 7.1.3.9 ADRCI Command-Line Utility
      • 7.1.4 Structure, Contents, and Location of the Automatic Diagnostic Repository
    • 7.2 About Investigating, Reporting, and Resolving a Problem
      • 7.2.1 Roadmap — Investigating, Reporting, and Resolving a Problem
      • 7.2.2 Task 1: View Critical Error Alerts in Cloud Control
      • 7.2.3 Task 2: View Problem Details
      • 7.2.4 Task 3: (Optional) Gather Additional Diagnostic Information
      • 7.2.5 Task 4: (Optional) Create a Service Request
      • 7.2.6 Task 5: Package and Upload Diagnostic Data to Oracle Support
      • 7.2.7 Task 6: Track the Service Request and Implement Any Repairs
    • 7.3 Diagnosing Problems
      • 7.3.1 Identifying Problems Reactively
        • 7.3.1.1 Viewing Problems with the Support Workbench
        • 7.3.1.2 Adding Problems Manually to the Automatic Diagnostic Repository
        • 7.3.1.3 Creating Incidents Manually
        • 7.3.1.4 Using DBMS_HCHECK to Identify Data Dictionary Inconsistencies
      • 7.3.2 Identifying Problems Proactively with Health Monitor
        • 7.3.2.1 About Health Monitor
          • 7.3.2.1.1 About Health Monitor Checks
          • 7.3.2.1.2 Types of Health Checks
        • 7.3.2.2 Running Health Checks Manually
          • 7.3.2.2.1 Running Health Checks Using the DBMS_HM PL/SQL Package
          • 7.3.2.2.2 Running Health Checks Using Cloud Control
        • 7.3.2.3 Viewing Checker Reports
          • 7.3.2.3.1 About Viewing Checker Reports
          • 7.3.2.3.2 Viewing Reports Using Cloud Control
          • 7.3.2.3.3 Viewing Reports Using DBMS_HM
          • 7.3.2.3.4 Viewing Reports Using the ADRCI Utility
        • 7.3.2.4 Health Monitor Views
        • 7.3.2.5 Health Check Parameters Reference
      • 7.3.3 Gathering Additional Diagnostic Data
        • 7.3.3.1 Viewing the Alert Log
        • 7.3.3.2 Finding Trace Files
      • 7.3.4 Creating Test Cases with SQL Test Case Builder
        • 7.3.4.1 Purpose of SQL Test Case Builder
        • 7.3.4.2 Concepts for SQL Test Case Builder
          • 7.3.4.2.1 SQL Incidents
          • 7.3.4.2.2 What SQL Test Case Builder Captures
          • 7.3.4.2.3 Output of SQL Test Case Builder
        • 7.3.4.3 User Interfaces for SQL Test Case Builder
          • 7.3.4.3.1 Graphical Interface for SQL Test Case Builder
            • 7.3.4.3.1.1 Accessing the Incident Manager
            • 7.3.4.3.1.2 Accessing the Support Workbench
          • 7.3.4.3.2 Command-Line Interface for SQL Test Case Builder
        • 7.3.4.4 Running SQL Test Case Builder
    • 7.4 Reporting Problems
      • 7.4.1 Incident Packages
        • 7.4.1.1 About Incident Packages
        • 7.4.1.2 About Correlated Diagnostic Data in Incident Packages
        • 7.4.1.3 About Quick Packaging and Custom Packaging
        • 7.4.1.4 About Correlated Packages
      • 7.4.2 Packaging and Uploading Problems with Custom Packaging
      • 7.4.3 Viewing and Modifying Incident Packages
        • 7.4.3.1 Viewing Package Details
        • 7.4.3.2 Accessing the Customize Package Page
        • 7.4.3.3 Editing Incident Package Files (Copying Out and In)
        • 7.4.3.4 Adding an External File to an Incident Package
        • 7.4.3.5 Removing Incident Package Files
        • 7.4.3.6 Viewing and Updating the Incident Package Activity Log
      • 7.4.4 Creating, Editing, and Uploading Correlated Packages
      • 7.4.5 Deleting Correlated Packages
      • 7.4.6 Setting Incident Packaging Preferences
    • 7.5 Resolving Problems
      • 7.5.1 About Automatic Error Mitigation
      • 7.5.2 Repairing SQL Failures with the SQL Repair Advisor
        • 7.5.2.1 About the SQL Repair Advisor
        • 7.5.2.2 Running the SQL Repair Advisor Using Cloud Control
        • 7.5.2.3 Running the SQL Repair Advisor Using the DBMS_SQLDIAG Package Subprograms
        • 7.5.2.4 Viewing, Disabling, or Removing a SQL Patch Using Cloud Control
        • 7.5.2.5 Disabling or Removing a SQL Patch Using DBMS_SQLDIAG Package Subprograms
        • 7.5.2.6 Exporting and Importing a Patch Using DBMS_SQLDIAG Package Subprograms
      • 7.5.3 Repairing Data Corruptions with the Data Recovery Advisor
      • 7.5.4 Quarantine for Execution Plans for SQL Statements Consuming Excessive System Resources
        • 7.5.4.1 About Quarantine for Execution Plans for SQL Statements
        • 7.5.4.2 Creating a Quarantine Configuration for an Execution Plan of a SQL Statement
        • 7.5.4.3 Specifying Quarantine Thresholds in a Quarantine Configuration
        • 7.5.4.4 Enabling and Disabling a Quarantine Configuration
        • 7.5.4.5 Viewing the Details of a Quarantine Configuration
        • 7.5.4.6 Deleting a Quarantine Configuration
        • 7.5.4.7 Viewing the Details of Quarantined Execution Plans of SQL Statements
        • 7.5.4.8 Transferring Quarantine Configurations from One Database to Another Database
        • 7.5.4.9 Example: Quarantine for an Execution Plan of a SQL Statement Consuming Excessive System Resources
      • 7.5.5 Viewing Attention Log Information
    • 7.6 Diagnosis and Tracing in a PDB Using Package DBMS_USERDIAG
      • 7.6.1 About DBMS_USERDIAG
      • 7.6.2 Examples of Using DBMS_USERDIAG
• Part II Oracle Database Structure and Storage
  • 8 Managing Control Files
    • 8.1 What Is a Control File?
    • 8.2 Guidelines for Control Files
      • 8.2.1 Provide File Names for the Control Files
      • 8.2.2 Multiplex Control Files on Different Disks
      • 8.2.3 Back Up Control Files
      • 8.2.4 Manage the Size of Control Files
    • 8.3 Creating Control Files
      • 8.3.1 Creating Initial Control Files
      • 8.3.2 Creating Additional Copies, Renaming, and Relocating Control Files
      • 8.3.3 Creating New Control Files
        • 8.3.3.1 When to Create New Control Files
        • 8.3.3.2 The CREATE CONTROLFILE Statement
        • 8.3.3.3 Creating New Control Files
    • 8.4 Troubleshooting After Creating Control Files
      • 8.4.1 Checking for Missing or Extra Files
      • 8.4.2 Handling Errors During CREATE CONTROLFILE
    • 8.5 Backing Up Control Files
    • 8.6 Recovering a Control File Using a Current Copy
      • 8.6.1 Recovering from Control File Corruption Using a Control File Copy
      • 8.6.2 Recovering from Permanent Media Failure Using a Control File Copy
    • 8.7 Dropping Control Files
    • 8.8 Control Files Data Dictionary Views
  • 9 Managing the Redo Log
    • 9.1 What Is the Redo Log?
      • 9.1.1 Redo Threads
      • 9.1.2 Redo Log Contents
      • 9.1.3 How Oracle Database Writes to the Redo Log
        • 9.1.3.1 Active (Current) and Inactive Redo Log Files
        • 9.1.3.2 Log Switches and Log Sequence Numbers
    • 9.2 Planning the Redo Log
      • 9.2.1 Multiplexing Redo Log Files
        • 9.2.1.1 Responding to Redo Log Failure
        • 9.2.1.2 Valid and Invalid Configurations
      • 9.2.2 Placing Redo Log Members on Different Disks
      • 9.2.3 Planning the Size of Redo Log Files
      • 9.2.4 Planning the Block Size of Redo Log Files
      • 9.2.5 Choosing the Number of Redo Log Files
      • 9.2.6 Controlling Archive Lag
        • 9.2.6.1 Setting the ARCHIVE_LAG_TARGET Initialization Parameter
        • 9.2.6.2 Factors Affecting the Setting of ARCHIVE_LAG_TARGET
    • 9.3 Creating Redo Log Groups and Members
      • 9.3.1 Creating Redo Log Groups
      • 9.3.2 Creating Redo Log Members
    • 9.4 Relocating and Renaming Redo Log Members
    • 9.5 Dropping Redo Log Groups and Members
      • 9.5.1 Dropping Log Groups
      • 9.5.2 Dropping Redo Log Members
    • 9.6 Forcing Log Switches
    • 9.7 Verifying Blocks in Redo Log Files
    • 9.8 Clearing a Redo Log File
    • 9.9 Reduction of Redo Generation for Direct Path Operations
    • 9.10 Redo Log Data Dictionary Views
  • 10 Managing Archived Redo Log Files
    • 10.1 What Is the Archived Redo Log?
    • 10.2 Choosing Between NOARCHIVELOG and ARCHIVELOG Mode
      • 10.2.1 Running a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode
      • 10.2.2 Running a Database in ARCHIVELOG Mode
    • 10.3 Controlling Archiving
      • 10.3.1 Setting the Initial Database Archiving Mode
      • 10.3.2 Changing the Database Archiving Mode
      • 10.3.3 Performing Manual Archiving
      • 10.3.4 Adjusting the Number of Archiver Processes
    • 10.4 Specifying Archive Destinations
      • 10.4.1 Setting Initialization Parameters for Archive Destinations
        • 10.4.1.1 Method 1: Using the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n Parameter
        • 10.4.1.2 Method 2: Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST and LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST
      • 10.4.2 Expanding Alternate Destinations with Log Archive Destination Groups
        • 10.4.2.1 About Log Archive Destination Groups
        • 10.4.2.2 Specifying Log Archive Destination Groups
      • 10.4.3 Understanding Archive Destination Status
      • 10.4.4 Specifying Alternate Destinations
    • 10.5 About Log Transmission Modes
      • 10.5.1 Normal Transmission Mode
      • 10.5.2 Standby Transmission Mode
    • 10.6 Managing Archive Destination Failure
      • 10.6.1 Specifying the Minimum Number of Successful Destinations
        • 10.6.1.1 Specifying Mandatory and Optional Destinations
        • 10.6.1.2 Specifying the Number of Successful Destinations: Scenarios
          • 10.6.1.2.1 Scenario for Archiving to Optional Local Destinations
          • 10.6.1.2.2 Scenario for Archiving to Both Mandatory and Optional Destinations
      • 10.6.2 Rearchiving to a Failed Destination
    • 10.7 Controlling Trace Output Generated by the Archivelog Process
    • 10.8 Viewing Information About the Archived Redo Log
      • 10.8.1 Archived Redo Log Files Views
      • 10.8.2 Using the ARCHIVE LOG LIST Command
  • 11 Managing Tablespaces
    • 11.1 Guidelines for Managing Tablespaces
      • 11.1.1 Use Multiple Tablespaces
      • 11.1.2 Assign Tablespace Quotas to Users
    • 11.2 Creating Tablespaces
      • 11.2.1 About Creating Tablespaces
      • 11.2.2 Locally Managed Tablespaces
        • 11.2.2.1 About Locally Managed Tablespaces
        • 11.2.2.2 Creating a Locally Managed Tablespace
        • 11.2.2.3 Specifying Segment Space Management in Locally Managed Tablespaces
      • 11.2.3 Bigfile Tablespaces
        • 11.2.3.1 About Bigfile Tablespaces
        • 11.2.3.2 Creating a Bigfile Tablespace
        • 11.2.3.3 Identifying a Bigfile Tablespace
      • 11.2.4 Tablespaces with Default Compression Attributes
        • 11.2.4.1 About Tablespaces with Default Compression Attributes
        • 11.2.4.2 Creating Tablespaces with Default Compression Attributes
      • 11.2.5 Encrypted Tablespaces
        • 11.2.5.1 About Encrypted Tablespaces
        • 11.2.5.2 Creating Encrypted Tablespaces
        • 11.2.5.3 Viewing Information About Encrypted Tablespaces
      • 11.2.6 Temporary Tablespaces
        • 11.2.6.1 About Temporary Tablespaces
        • 11.2.6.2 Creating a Locally Managed Temporary Tablespace
        • 11.2.6.3 Creating a Bigfile Temporary Tablespace
        • 11.2.6.4 Viewing Space Usage for Temporary Tablespaces
      • 11.2.7 Temporary Tablespace Groups
        • 11.2.7.1 Multiple Temporary Tablespaces: Using Tablespace Groups
        • 11.2.7.2 Creating a Tablespace Group
        • 11.2.7.3 Changing Members of a Tablespace Group
        • 11.2.7.4 Assigning a Tablespace Group as the Default Temporary Tablespace
    • 11.3 Consider Storing Tablespaces in the In-Memory Column Store
    • 11.4 Specifying Nonstandard Block Sizes for Tablespaces
    • 11.5 Controlling the Writing of Redo Records
    • 11.6 Altering Tablespace Availability
      • 11.6.1 Taking Tablespaces Offline
      • 11.6.2 Bringing Tablespaces Online
    • 11.7 Using Read-Only Tablespaces
      • 11.7.1 About Read-Only Tablespaces
      • 11.7.2 Making a Tablespace Read-Only
      • 11.7.3 Making a Read-Only Tablespace Writable
      • 11.7.4 Creating a Read-Only Tablespace on a WORM Device
      • 11.7.5 Delaying the Opening of Data Files in Read-Only Tablespaces
      • 11.7.6 Using Read-Only Tablespaces on Object Storage
        • 11.7.6.1 Enabling a Database for Using Object Storage
          • 11.7.6.1.1 Setting HTTP Proxy, If Needed
          • 11.7.6.1.2 Setting ACEs for the Users Accessing the Tablespace in Object Storage
        • 11.7.6.2 Accessing Data in Object Storage
          • 11.7.6.2.1 Creating a Default Credential For Your Pluggable Database
          • 11.7.6.2.2 Moving Read-Only Tablespaces to Object Storage
          • 11.7.6.2.3 Querying Data in Object Storage
        • 11.7.6.3 Dropping a Read-Only Tablespace and It's Data Files in Object Storage
    • 11.8 Altering and Maintaining Tablespaces
      • 11.8.1 Increasing the Size of a Tablespace
      • 11.8.2 Altering a Locally Managed Tablespace
      • 11.8.3 Altering a Bigfile Tablespace
      • 11.8.4 Shrinking a Bigfile Tablespace
      • 11.8.5 Altering a Locally Managed Temporary Tablespace
      • 11.8.6 Shrinking a Locally Managed Temporary Tablespace
    • 11.9 Renaming Tablespaces
    • 11.10 Dropping Tablespaces
    • 11.11 Managing Lost Write Protection with Shadow Tablespaces
      • 11.11.1 About Shadow Lost Write Protection
      • 11.11.2 Creating Shadow Tablespaces for Shadow Lost Write Protection
      • 11.11.3 Enabling Shadow Lost Write Protection for a Database
      • 11.11.4 Enabling Shadow Lost Write Protection for Tablespaces and Data Files
      • 11.11.5 Disabling Shadow Lost Write Protection for a Database
      • 11.11.6 Removing or Suspending Shadow Lost Write Protection
      • 11.11.7 Dropping a Shadow Tablespace
    • 11.12 Managing the SYSAUX Tablespace
      • 11.12.1 Monitoring Occupants of the SYSAUX Tablespace
      • 11.12.2 Moving Occupants Out Of or Into the SYSAUX Tablespace
      • 11.12.3 Controlling the Size of the SYSAUX Tablespace
    • 11.13 Correcting Problems with Locally Managed Tablespaces
      • 11.13.1 Diagnosing and Repairing Locally Managed Tablespace Problems
      • 11.13.2 Scenario 1: Fixing Bitmap When Allocated Blocks are Marked Free (No Overlap)
      • 11.13.3 Scenario 2: Dropping a Corrupted Segment
      • 11.13.4 Scenario 3: Fixing Bitmap Where Overlap is Reported
      • 11.13.5 Scenario 4: Correcting Media Corruption of Bitmap Blocks
      • 11.13.6 Scenario 5: Migrating from a Dictionary-Managed to a Locally Managed Tablespace
    • 11.14 Migrating the SYSTEM Tablespace to a Locally Managed Tablespace
    • 11.15 Viewing Information About Tablespaces
      • 11.15.1 Tablespace Data Dictionary Views
      • 11.15.2 Example 1: Listing Tablespaces and Default Storage Parameters
      • 11.15.3 Example 2: Listing the Data Files and Associated Tablespaces of a Database
      • 11.15.4 Example 3: Displaying Statistics for Free Space (Extents) of Each Tablespace
  • 12 Managing Data Files and Temp Files
    • 12.1 Guidelines for Managing Data Files
      • 12.1.1 About Data Files
      • 12.1.2 Determine the Number of Data Files
        • 12.1.2.1 About Determining the Number of Data Files
        • 12.1.2.2 Determine a Value for the DB_FILES Initialization Parameter
        • 12.1.2.3 Consider Possible Limitations When Adding Data Files to a Tablespace
        • 12.1.2.4 Consider the Performance Impact of the Number of Data Files
      • 12.1.3 Determine the Size of Data Files
      • 12.1.4 Place Data Files Appropriately
      • 12.1.5 Store Data Files Separate from Redo Log Files
    • 12.2 Creating Data Files and Adding Data Files to a Tablespace
    • 12.3 Changing Data File Size
      • 12.3.1 Enabling and Disabling Automatic Extension for a Data File
      • 12.3.2 Manually Resizing a Data File
    • 12.4 Altering Data File Availability
      • 12.4.1 About Altering Data File Availability
      • 12.4.2 Bringing Data Files Online or Taking Offline in ARCHIVELOG Mode
      • 12.4.3 Taking Data Files Offline in NOARCHIVELOG Mode
      • 12.4.4 Altering the Availability of All Data Files or Temp Files in a Tablespace
    • 12.5 Renaming and Relocating Data Files
      • 12.5.1 Renaming and Relocating Online Data Files
      • 12.5.2 Renaming and Relocating Offline Data Files
        • 12.5.2.1 Procedures for Renaming and Relocating Offline Data Files in a Single Tablespace
          • 12.5.2.1.1 Renaming Offline Data Files in a Single Tablespace
          • 12.5.2.1.2 Relocating Offline Data Files in a Single Tablespace
        • 12.5.2.2 Renaming and Relocating Offline Data Files in Multiple Tablespaces
    • 12.6 Dropping Data Files
    • 12.7 Verifying Data Blocks in Data Files
    • 12.8 Copying Files Using the Database Server
      • 12.8.1 About Copying Files Using the Database Server
      • 12.8.2 Copying a File on a Local File System
      • 12.8.3 Third-Party File Transfer
      • 12.8.4 Advanced File Transfer Mechanisms
      • 12.8.5 File Transfer and the DBMS_SCHEDULER Package
    • 12.9 Mapping Files to Physical Devices
      • 12.9.1 Overview of Oracle Database File Mapping Interface
      • 12.9.2 How the Oracle Database File Mapping Interface Works
        • 12.9.2.1 Components of File Mapping
          • 12.9.2.1.1 FMON
          • 12.9.2.1.2 External Process (FMPUTL)
          • 12.9.2.1.3 Mapping Libraries
        • 12.9.2.2 Mapping Structures
        • 12.9.2.3 Example of Mapping Structures
        • 12.9.2.4 Configuration ID
      • 12.9.3 Using the Oracle Database File Mapping Interface
        • 12.9.3.1 Enabling File Mapping
        • 12.9.3.2 Using the DBMS_STORAGE_MAP Package
        • 12.9.3.3 Obtaining Information from the File Mapping Views
      • 12.9.4 File Mapping Examples
        • 12.9.4.1 Example 1: Map All Database Files that Span a Device
        • 12.9.4.2 Example 2: Map a File Into Its Corresponding Devices
        • 12.9.4.3 Example 3: Map a Database Object
    • 12.10 Data Files Data Dictionary Views
  • 13 Transporting Data
    • 13.1 About Transporting Data
      • 13.1.1 Purpose of Transporting Data
      • 13.1.2 Transporting Data: Scenarios
        • 13.1.2.1 Scenarios for Full Transportable Export/import
          • 13.1.2.1.1 Moving a Non-CDB Into a CDB
          • 13.1.2.1.2 Moving a Database to a New Computer System
          • 13.1.2.1.3 Upgrading to a New Release of Oracle Database
        • 13.1.2.2 Scenarios for Transportable Tablespaces or Transportable Tables
          • 13.1.2.2.1 Scenarios That Apply to Transportable Tablespaces or Transportable Tables
          • 13.1.2.2.2 Transporting and Attaching Partitions for Data Warehousing
          • 13.1.2.2.3 Publishing Structured Data on CDs
          • 13.1.2.2.4 Mounting the Same Tablespace Read-Only on Multiple Databases
          • 13.1.2.2.5 Archiving Historical Data
          • 13.1.2.2.6 Using Transportable Tablespaces to Perform TSPITR
          • 13.1.2.2.7 Copying or Moving Individual Tables
      • 13.1.3 Transporting Data Across Platforms
      • 13.1.4 General Limitations on Transporting Data
      • 13.1.5 Compatibility Considerations for Transporting Data
    • 13.2 Transporting Databases
      • 13.2.1 Introduction to Full Transportable Export/Import
      • 13.2.2 Limitations on Full Transportable Export/import
      • 13.2.3 Transporting a Database Using an Export Dump File
      • 13.2.4 Transporting a Database Over the Network
    • 13.3 Transporting Tablespaces Between Databases
      • 13.3.1 Introduction to Transportable Tablespaces
      • 13.3.2 Limitations on Transportable Tablespaces
      • 13.3.3 Transporting Tablespaces Between Databases
        • 13.3.3.1 Task 1: Pick a Self-Contained Set of Tablespaces
        • 13.3.3.2 Task 2: Generate a Transportable Tablespace Set
        • 13.3.3.3 Task 3: Transport the Export Dump File
        • 13.3.3.4 Task 4: Transport the Tablespace Set
        • 13.3.3.5 Task 5: (Optional) Restore Tablespaces to Read/Write Mode
        • 13.3.3.6 Task 6: Import the Tablespace Set
    • 13.4 Transporting Tables, Partitions, or Subpartitions Between Databases
      • 13.4.1 Introduction to Transportable Tables
      • 13.4.2 Limitations on Transportable Tables
      • 13.4.3 Transporting Tables, Partitions, or Subpartitions Using an Export Dump File
      • 13.4.4 Transporting Tables, Partitions, or Subpartitions Over the Network
    • 13.5 Converting Data Between Platforms
      • 13.5.1 Converting Data Between Platforms Using the DBMS_FILE_TRANSFER Package
      • 13.5.2 Converting Data Between Platforms Using RMAN
        • 13.5.2.1 Converting Tablespaces on the Source System After Export
        • 13.5.2.2 Converting Data Files on the Target System Before Import
    • 13.6 Guidelines for Transferring Data Files
  • 14 Managing Undo
    • 14.1 What Is Undo?
    • 14.2 Introduction to Automatic Undo Management
      • 14.2.1 Overview of Automatic Undo Management
      • 14.2.2 The Undo Retention Period
        • 14.2.2.1 About the Undo Retention Period
        • 14.2.2.2 Automatic Tuning of Undo Retention
        • 14.2.2.3 Retention Guarantee
        • 14.2.2.4 Undo Retention Tuning and Alert Thresholds
        • 14.2.2.5 Tracking the Tuned Undo Retention Period
    • 14.3 Setting the Minimum Undo Retention Period
    • 14.4 Sizing a Fixed-Size Undo Tablespace
      • 14.4.1 Activating the Undo Advisor PL/SQL Interface
    • 14.5 Managing Undo Tablespaces
      • 14.5.1 Creating an Undo Tablespace
        • 14.5.1.1 About Creating an Undo Tablespace
        • 14.5.1.2 Using CREATE DATABASE to Create an Undo Tablespace
        • 14.5.1.3 Using the CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE Statement
      • 14.5.2 Altering an Undo Tablespace
      • 14.5.3 Dropping an Undo Tablespace
      • 14.5.4 Switching Undo Tablespaces
      • 14.5.5 Establishing User Quotas for Undo Space
      • 14.5.6 Managing Space Threshold Alerts for the Undo Tablespace
    • 14.6 Migrating to Automatic Undo Management
    • 14.7 Managing Temporary Undo
      • 14.7.1 About Managing Temporary Undo
      • 14.7.2 Enabling and Disabling Temporary Undo
    • 14.8 Undo Space Data Dictionary Views
  • 15 Using Oracle Managed Files
    • 15.1 About Oracle Managed Files
      • 15.1.1 What Is Oracle Managed Files?
      • 15.1.2 Who Can Use Oracle Managed Files?
      • 15.1.3 What Is a Logical Volume Manager?
      • 15.1.4 What Is a File System?
      • 15.1.5 Benefits of Using Oracle Managed Files
      • 15.1.6 Oracle Managed Files and Existing Functionality
    • 15.2 Enabling the Creation and Use of Oracle Managed Files
      • 15.2.1 Initialization Parameters That Enable Oracle Managed Files
      • 15.2.2 Setting the DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST Initialization Parameter
      • 15.2.3 Setting the DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Parameter
      • 15.2.4 Setting the DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_n Initialization Parameters
    • 15.3 Creating Oracle Managed Files
      • 15.3.1 When Oracle Database Creates Oracle Managed Files
      • 15.3.2 How Oracle Managed Files Are Named
      • 15.3.3 Creating Oracle Managed Files at Database Creation
        • 15.3.3.1 Specifying Control Files at Database Creation
        • 15.3.3.2 Specifying Redo Log Files at Database Creation
        • 15.3.3.3 Specifying the SYSTEM and SYSAUX Tablespace Data Files at Database Creation
        • 15.3.3.4 Specifying the Undo Tablespace Data File at Database Creation
        • 15.3.3.5 Specifying the Default Temporary Tablespace Temp File at Database Creation
        • 15.3.3.6 CREATE DATABASE Statement Using Oracle Managed Files: Examples
      • 15.3.4 Creating Data Files for Tablespaces Using Oracle Managed Files
        • 15.3.4.1 About Creating Data Files for Tablespaces Using Oracle Managed Files
        • 15.3.4.2 CREATE TABLESPACE: Examples
        • 15.3.4.3 CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE: Example
        • 15.3.4.4 ALTER TABLESPACE: Example
      • 15.3.5 Creating Temp Files for Temporary Tablespaces Using Oracle Managed Files
        • 15.3.5.1 About Creating Temp Files for Temporary Tablespaces Using Oracle Managed Files
        • 15.3.5.2 CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE: Example
        • 15.3.5.3 ALTER TABLESPACE... ADD TEMPFILE: Example
      • 15.3.6 Creating Control Files Using Oracle Managed Files
        • 15.3.6.1 About Creating Control Files Using Oracle Managed Files
        • 15.3.6.2 CREATE CONTROLFILE Using NORESETLOGS Keyword: Example
        • 15.3.6.3 CREATE CONTROLFILE Using RESETLOGS Keyword: Example
      • 15.3.7 Creating Redo Log Files Using Oracle Managed Files
        • 15.3.7.1 Using the ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE Statement
        • 15.3.7.2 Using the ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS Statement
      • 15.3.8 Creating Archived Logs Using Oracle Managed Files
    • 15.4 Operation of Oracle Managed Files
      • 15.4.1 Dropping Data Files and Temp Files
      • 15.4.2 Dropping Redo Log Files
      • 15.4.3 Renaming Files
      • 15.4.4 Managing Standby Databases
    • 15.5 Scenarios for Using Oracle Managed Files
      • 15.5.1 Scenario 1: Create and Manage a Database with Multiplexed Redo Logs
      • 15.5.2 Scenario 2: Create and Manage a Database with Database and Fast Recovery Areas
      • 15.5.3 Scenario 3: Adding Oracle Managed Files to an Existing Database
  • 16 Using Persistent Memory Database
    • 16.1 About Persistent Memory Database
      • 16.1.1 What Is Persistent Memory Database?
      • 16.1.2 What Is Oracle Persistent Memory Filestore?
      • 16.1.3 What Is Directly Mapped Buffer Cache?
      • 16.1.4 Benefits of Using Persistent Memory Database
    • 16.2 Setting Initialization Parameters for Persistent Memory Database
      • 16.2.1 Persistent Memory Database Initialization Parameters
    • 16.3 Creating a PMEM Filestore for an Oracle Database
      • 16.3.1 Creating a PMEM Filestore Before Creating the Database
      • 16.3.2 Creating a Database on PMEM Storage Using Oracle DBCA
      • 16.3.3 Creating an Oracle Database in the PMEM Filestore
      • 16.3.4 Migrating an Oracle Database to a PMEM Filestore
    • 16.4 Managing a PMEM Filestore
      • 16.4.1 Viewing Information About a PMEM Filestore
      • 16.4.2 Mounting a PMEM Filestore
      • 16.4.3 Dismounting a PMEM Filestore
      • 16.4.4 Changing the Attributes of a PMEM Filestore
      • 16.4.5 Dropping a PMEM Filestore
• Part III Schema Objects
  • 17 Managing Schema Objects
    • 17.1 About Common and Local Objects
    • 17.2 About the Container for Schema Objects
    • 17.3 Creating Multiple Tables and Views in a Single Operation
    • 17.4 Analyzing Tables, Indexes, and Clusters
      • 17.4.1 About Analyzing Tables, Indexes, and Clusters
      • 17.4.2 Using DBMS_STATS to Collect Table and Index Statistics
      • 17.4.3 Validating Tables, Indexes, Clusters, and Materialized Views
      • 17.4.4 Cross Validation of a Table and an Index with a Query
      • 17.4.5 Listing Chained Rows of Tables and Clusters
        • 17.4.5.1 Creating a CHAINED_ROWS Table
        • 17.4.5.2 Eliminating Migrated or Chained Rows in a Table
    • 17.5 Truncating Tables and Clusters
      • 17.5.1 Using DELETE to Truncate a Table
      • 17.5.2 Using DROP and CREATE to Truncate a Table
      • 17.5.3 Using TRUNCATE
    • 17.6 Enabling and Disabling Triggers
      • 17.6.1 About Enabling and Disabling Triggers
      • 17.6.2 Enabling Triggers
      • 17.6.3 Disabling Triggers
    • 17.7 Managing Integrity Constraints
      • 17.7.1 Integrity Constraint States
        • 17.7.1.1 About Integrity Constraint States
        • 17.7.1.2 About Disabling Constraints
        • 17.7.1.3 About Enabling Constraints
        • 17.7.1.4 About the Enable Novalidate Constraint State
        • 17.7.1.5 Efficient Use of Integrity Constraints: A Procedure
      • 17.7.2 Setting Integrity Constraints Upon Definition
        • 17.7.2.1 Disabling Constraints Upon Definition
        • 17.7.2.2 Enabling Constraints Upon Definition
      • 17.7.3 Modifying, Renaming, or Dropping Existing Integrity Constraints
        • 17.7.3.1 Disabling and Enabling Constraints
        • 17.7.3.2 Renaming Constraints
        • 17.7.3.3 Dropping Constraints
      • 17.7.4 Deferring Constraint Checks
        • 17.7.4.1 Set All Constraints Deferred
        • 17.7.4.2 Check the Commit (Optional)
      • 17.7.5 Reporting Constraint Exceptions
      • 17.7.6 Viewing Constraint Information
    • 17.8 Renaming Schema Objects
    • 17.9 Managing Object Dependencies
      • 17.9.1 About Object Dependencies and Object Invalidation
      • 17.9.2 Manually Recompiling Invalid Objects with DDL
      • 17.9.3 Manually Recompiling Invalid Objects with PL/SQL Package Procedures
    • 17.10 Managing Object Name Resolution
    • 17.11 Switching to a Different Schema
    • 17.12 Managing Editions
      • 17.12.1 About Editions and Edition-Based Redefinition
      • 17.12.2 DBA Tasks for Edition-Based Redefinition
      • 17.12.3 Setting the Database Default Edition
      • 17.12.4 Querying the Database Default Edition
      • 17.12.5 Setting the Edition Attribute of a Database Service
        • 17.12.5.1 About Setting the Edition Attribute of a Database Service
        • 17.12.5.2 Setting the Edition Attribute During Database Service Creation
        • 17.12.5.3 Setting the Edition Attribute of an Existing Database Service
      • 17.12.6 Using an Edition
      • 17.12.7 Editions Data Dictionary Views
    • 17.13 Displaying Information About Schema Objects
      • 17.13.1 Using a PL/SQL Package to Display Information About Schema Objects
      • 17.13.2 Schema Objects Data Dictionary Views
        • 17.13.2.1 Example 1: Displaying Schema Objects By Type
        • 17.13.2.2 Example 2: Displaying Dependencies of Views and Synonyms
  • 18 Managing Space for Schema Objects
    • 18.1 Managing Tablespace Alerts
      • 18.1.1 About Managing Tablespace Alerts
      • 18.1.2 Setting Alert Thresholds
      • 18.1.3 Viewing Alerts
      • 18.1.4 Limitations
    • 18.2 Managing Resumable Space Allocation
      • 18.2.1 Resumable Space Allocation Overview
        • 18.2.1.1 How Resumable Space Allocation Works
        • 18.2.1.2 What Operations are Resumable?
        • 18.2.1.3 What Errors are Correctable?
        • 18.2.1.4 Resumable Space Allocation and Distributed Operations
        • 18.2.1.5 Parallel Execution and Resumable Space Allocation
      • 18.2.2 Enabling and Disabling Resumable Space Allocation
        • 18.2.2.1 About Enabling and Disabling Resumable Space Allocation
        • 18.2.2.2 Setting the RESUMABLE_TIMEOUT Initialization Parameter
        • 18.2.2.3 Using ALTER SESSION to Enable and Disable Resumable Space Allocation
          • 18.2.2.3.1 Specifying a Timeout Interval
          • 18.2.2.3.2 Naming Resumable Statements
      • 18.2.3 Using a LOGON Trigger to Set Default Resumable Mode
      • 18.2.4 Detecting Suspended Statements
        • 18.2.4.1 Notifying Users: The AFTER SUSPEND System Event and Trigger
        • 18.2.4.2 Using Views to Obtain Information About Suspended Statements
        • 18.2.4.3 Using the DBMS_RESUMABLE Package
      • 18.2.5 Operation-Suspended Alert
      • 18.2.6 Resumable Space Allocation Example: Registering an AFTER SUSPEND Trigger
    • 18.3 Reclaiming Unused Space
      • 18.3.1 About Reclaimable Unused Space
      • 18.3.2 The Segment Advisor
        • 18.3.2.1 About the Segment Advisor
        • 18.3.2.2 Using the Segment Advisor
        • 18.3.2.3 Automatic Segment Advisor
        • 18.3.2.4 Running the Segment Advisor Manually
          • 18.3.2.4.1 Running the Segment Advisor Manually with Cloud Control
          • 18.3.2.4.2 Running the Segment Advisor Manually with PL/SQL
        • 18.3.2.5 Viewing Segment Advisor Results
          • 18.3.2.5.1 Viewing Segment Advisor Results with Cloud Control
          • 18.3.2.5.2 Viewing Segment Advisor Results by Querying the DBA_ADVISOR_* Views
          • 18.3.2.5.3 Viewing Segment Advisor Results with DBMS_SPACE.ASA_RECOMMENDATIONS
        • 18.3.2.6 Configuring the Automatic Segment Advisor
        • 18.3.2.7 Viewing Automatic Segment Advisor Information
      • 18.3.3 Shrinking Database Segments Online
      • 18.3.4 Deallocating Unused Space
    • 18.4 Dropping Unused Object Storage
    • 18.5 Understanding Space Usage of Data Types
    • 18.6 Displaying Information About Space Usage for Schema Objects
      • 18.6.1 Using PL/SQL Packages to Display Information About Schema Object Space Usage
      • 18.6.2 Schema Objects Space Usage Data Dictionary Views
        • 18.6.2.1 Example 1: Displaying Segment Information
        • 18.6.2.2 Example 2: Displaying Extent Information
        • 18.6.2.3 Example 3: Displaying the Free Space (Extents) in a Tablespace
    • 18.7 Capacity Planning for Database Objects
      • 18.7.1 Estimating the Space Use of a Table
      • 18.7.2 Estimating the Space Use of an Index
      • 18.7.3 Obtaining Object Growth Trends
  • 19 Managing Tables
    • 19.1 About Tables
    • 19.2 Guidelines for Managing Tables
      • 19.2.1 Design Tables Before Creating Them
      • 19.2.2 Specify the Type of Table to Create
      • 19.2.3 Specify the Location of Each Table
      • 19.2.4 Consider Parallelizing Table Creation
      • 19.2.5 Consider Using NOLOGGING When Creating Tables
      • 19.2.6 Consider Using Table Compression
        • 19.2.6.1 About Table Compression
        • 19.2.6.2 Examples Related to Table Compression
        • 19.2.6.3 Compression and Partitioned Tables
        • 19.2.6.4 Determining If a Table Is Compressed
        • 19.2.6.5 Determining Which Rows Are Compressed
        • 19.2.6.6 Changing the Compression Level
        • 19.2.6.7 Adding and Dropping Columns in Compressed Tables
        • 19.2.6.8 Exporting and Importing Hybrid Columnar Compression Tables
        • 19.2.6.9 Restoring a Hybrid Columnar Compression Table
        • 19.2.6.10 Notes and Restrictions for Compressed Tables
        • 19.2.6.11 Packing Compressed Tables
      • 19.2.7 Managing Table Compression Using Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
        • 19.2.7.1 Table Compression and Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
        • 19.2.7.2 Viewing the Compression Summary at the Database Level
        • 19.2.7.3 Viewing the Compression Summary at the Tablespace Level
        • 19.2.7.4 Estimating the Compression Ratio
        • 19.2.7.5 Compressing an Object
        • 19.2.7.6 Viewing Compression Advice
        • 19.2.7.7 Initiating Automatic Data Optimization on an Object
      • 19.2.8 Consider Using Segment-Level and Row-Level Compression Tiering
      • 19.2.9 Consider Using Attribute-Clustered Tables
      • 19.2.10 Consider Using Zone Maps
      • 19.2.11 Consider Storing Tables in the In-Memory Column Store
      • 19.2.12 Consider Using Invisible Columns
        • 19.2.12.1 Understand Invisible Columns
        • 19.2.12.2 Invisible Columns and Column Ordering
      • 19.2.13 Consider Encrypting Columns That Contain Sensitive Data
      • 19.2.14 Understand Deferred Segment Creation
      • 19.2.15 Materializing Segments
      • 19.2.16 Estimate Table Size and Plan Accordingly
      • 19.2.17 Restrictions to Consider When Creating Tables
    • 19.3 Creating Tables
      • 19.3.1 Example: Creating a Table
      • 19.3.2 Creating a Temporary Table
        • 19.3.2.1 Overview of Temporary Tables
        • 19.3.2.2 Considerations When Creating Temporary Tables
        • 19.3.2.3 Creating Global Temporary Tables
          • 19.3.2.3.1 About Creating Global Temporary Tables
          • 19.3.2.3.2 Examples: Creating a Global Temporary Table
        • 19.3.2.4 Creating Private Temporary Tables
          • 19.3.2.4.1 About Creating Private Temporary Tables
          • 19.3.2.4.2 Examples: Creating a Private Temporary Table
      • 19.3.3 Parallelizing Table Creation
    • 19.4 Loading Tables
      • 19.4.1 Methods for Loading Tables
      • 19.4.2 Improving INSERT Performance with Direct-Path INSERT
        • 19.4.2.1 About Direct-Path INSERT
        • 19.4.2.2 How Direct-Path INSERT Works
          • 19.4.2.2.1 Serial Direct-Path INSERT into Partitioned or Nonpartitioned Tables
          • 19.4.2.2.2 Parallel Direct-Path INSERT into Partitioned Tables
          • 19.4.2.2.3 Parallel Direct-Path INSERT into Nonpartitioned Tables
        • 19.4.2.3 Loading Data with Direct-Path INSERT
          • 19.4.2.3.1 Serial Mode Inserts with SQL Statements
          • 19.4.2.3.2 Parallel Mode Inserts with SQL Statements
        • 19.4.2.4 Logging Modes for Direct-Path INSERT
          • 19.4.2.4.1 Direct-Path INSERT with Logging
          • 19.4.2.4.2 Direct-Path INSERT without Logging
        • 19.4.2.5 Additional Considerations for Direct-Path INSERT
          • 19.4.2.5.1 Compressed Tables and Direct-Path INSERT
          • 19.4.2.5.2 Index Maintenance with Direct-Path INSERT
          • 19.4.2.5.3 Space Considerations with Direct-Path INSERT
          • 19.4.2.5.4 Locking Considerations with Direct-Path INSERT
      • 19.4.3 Using Conventional Inserts to Load Tables
      • 19.4.4 Avoiding Bulk INSERT Failures with DML Error Logging
        • 19.4.4.1 Inserting Data with DML Error Logging
        • 19.4.4.2 Error Logging Table Format
        • 19.4.4.3 Creating an Error Logging Table
          • 19.4.4.3.1 Creating an Error Logging Table Automatically
          • 19.4.4.3.2 Creating an Error Logging Table Manually
        • 19.4.4.4 Error Logging Restrictions and Caveats
          • 19.4.4.4.1 Space Considerations
          • 19.4.4.4.2 Security
    • 19.5 Optimizing the Performance of Bulk Updates
    • 19.6 Automatically Collecting Statistics on Tables
    • 19.7 Altering Tables
      • 19.7.1 Reasons for Using the ALTER TABLE Statement
      • 19.7.2 Altering Physical Attributes of a Table
      • 19.7.3 Moving a Table to a New Segment or Tablespace
        • 19.7.3.1 About Moving a Table to a New Segment or Tablespace
        • 19.7.3.2 Moving a Table
        • 19.7.3.3 Moving a Table Partition or Subpartition Online
      • 19.7.4 Manually Allocating Storage for a Table
      • 19.7.5 Modifying an Existing Column Definition
      • 19.7.6 Adding Table Columns
      • 19.7.7 Renaming Table Columns
      • 19.7.8 Dropping Table Columns
        • 19.7.8.1 Removing Columns from Tables
        • 19.7.8.2 Marking Columns Unused
        • 19.7.8.3 Removing Unused Columns
        • 19.7.8.4 Dropping Columns in Compressed Tables
      • 19.7.9 Placing a Table in Read-Only Mode
    • 19.8 Redefining Tables Online
      • 19.8.1 About Redefining Tables Online
      • 19.8.2 Features of Online Table Redefinition
      • 19.8.3 Privileges Required for the DBMS_REDEFINITION Package
      • 19.8.4 Restrictions for Online Redefinition of Tables
      • 19.8.5 Performing Online Redefinition with the REDEF_TABLE Procedure
      • 19.8.6 Redefining Tables Online with Multiple Procedures in DBMS_REDEFINITION
        • 19.8.6.1 Performing Online Redefinition with Multiple Procedures in DBMS_REDEFINITION
        • 19.8.6.2 Constructing a Column Mapping String
        • 19.8.6.3 Handling Virtual Private Database (VPD) Policies During Online Redefinition
        • 19.8.6.4 Creating Dependent Objects Automatically
        • 19.8.6.5 Creating Dependent Objects Manually
      • 19.8.7 Results of the Redefinition Process
      • 19.8.8 Performing Intermediate Synchronization
      • 19.8.9 Refreshing Dependent Materialized Views During Online Table Redefinition
      • 19.8.10 Monitoring Online Table Redefinition Progress
      • 19.8.11 Restarting Online Table Redefinition After a Failure
      • 19.8.12 Rolling Back Online Table Redefinition
        • 19.8.12.1 About Online Table Redefinition Rollback
        • 19.8.12.2 Performing Online Table Redefinition Rollback
      • 19.8.13 Terminating Online Table Redefinition and Cleaning Up After Errors
      • 19.8.14 Online Redefinition of One or More Partitions
        • 19.8.14.1 Rules for Online Redefinition of a Single Partition
      • 19.8.15 Online Table Redefinition Examples
    • 19.9 Researching and Reversing Erroneous Table Changes
    • 19.10 Recovering Tables Using Oracle Flashback Table
    • 19.11 Dropping Tables
    • 19.12 Using Flashback Drop and Managing the Recycle Bin
      • 19.12.1 What Is the Recycle Bin?
      • 19.12.2 Enabling and Disabling the Recycle Bin
      • 19.12.3 Viewing and Querying Objects in the Recycle Bin
      • 19.12.4 Purging Objects in the Recycle Bin
      • 19.12.5 Restoring Tables from the Recycle Bin
    • 19.13 Managing Index-Organized Tables
      • 19.13.1 What Are Index-Organized Tables?
      • 19.13.2 Creating Index-Organized Tables
        • 19.13.2.1 About Creating Index-Organized Tables
        • 19.13.2.2 Example: Creating an Index-Organized Table
        • 19.13.2.3 Restrictions for Index-Organized Tables
        • 19.13.2.4 Creating Index-Organized Tables That Contain Object Types
        • 19.13.2.5 Choosing and Monitoring a Threshold Value
        • 19.13.2.6 Using the INCLUDING Clause
        • 19.13.2.7 Parallelizing Index-Organized Table Creation
        • 19.13.2.8 Using Prefix Compression
      • 19.13.3 Maintaining Index-Organized Tables
        • 19.13.3.1 Altering Index-Organized Tables
        • 19.13.3.2 Moving (Rebuilding) Index-Organized Tables
      • 19.13.4 Creating Secondary Indexes on Index-Organized Tables
        • 19.13.4.1 About Secondary Indexes on Index-Organized Tables
        • 19.13.4.2 Creating a Secondary Index on an Index-Organized Table
        • 19.13.4.3 Maintaining Physical Guesses in Logical Rowids
        • 19.13.4.4 Specifying Bitmap Indexes on Index-Organized Tables
      • 19.13.5 Analyzing Index-Organized Tables
        • 19.13.5.1 Collecting Optimizer Statistics for Index-Organized Tables
        • 19.13.5.2 Validating the Structure of Index-Organized Tables
      • 19.13.6 Using the ORDER BY Clause with Index-Organized Tables
      • 19.13.7 Converting Index-Organized Tables to Regular Tables
    • 19.14 Managing Partitioned Tables
    • 19.15 Managing External Tables
      • 19.15.1 About External Tables
      • 19.15.2 Creating External Tables
      • 19.15.3 Altering External Tables
      • 19.15.4 Preprocessing External Tables
      • 19.15.5 Overriding Parameters for External Tables in a Query
      • 19.15.6 Using Inline External Tables
      • 19.15.7 Partitioning External Tables
        • 19.15.7.1 About Partitioning External Tables
        • 19.15.7.2 Restrictions for Partitioned External Tables
        • 19.15.7.3 Creating a Partitioned External Table
        • 19.15.7.4 Altering a Partitioned External Table
      • 19.15.8 Dropping External Tables
      • 19.15.9 System and Object Privileges for External Tables
      • 19.15.10 Using SQL*Loader for External Tables with Partition Values in File Paths
    • 19.16 Managing Hybrid Partitioned Tables
    • 19.17 Managing Immutable Tables
      • 19.17.1 About Immutable Tables
      • 19.17.2 Guidelines for Managing Immutable Tables
        • 19.17.2.1 Specify the Retention Period for the Immutable Table
        • 19.17.2.2 Specify the Retention Period for Rows in the Immutable Table
        • 19.17.2.3 Restrictions for Immutable Tables
      • 19.17.3 Creating Immutable Tables
      • 19.17.4 Altering Immutable Tables
      • 19.17.5 Adding and Dropping User Columns in Immutable Tables
      • 19.17.6 Creating Row Versions in Immutable Tables
      • 19.17.7 Deleting Rows from Immutable Tables
      • 19.17.8 Dropping Immutable Tables
      • 19.17.9 Immutable Tables Data Dictionary Views
    • 19.18 Managing Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.1 About Blockchain Tables
        • 19.18.1.1 Benefits of Using Blockchain Tables
        • 19.18.1.2 Chaining Rows in Blockchain Tables
        • 19.18.1.3 Hidden Columns in Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.2 Guidelines for Managing Blockchain Tables
        • 19.18.2.1 Specify the Retention Period for the Blockchain Table
        • 19.18.2.2 Specify the Retention Period for Rows in the Blockchain Table
        • 19.18.2.3 Exporting and Importing Blockchain Tables with Oracle Data Pump
        • 19.18.2.4 Restrictions for Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.3 Creating Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.4 Adding and Dropping User Columns in Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.5 Creating Row Versions in Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.6 Creating User Chains in Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.7 Altering Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.8 Adding Certificates Used to Sign Blockchain Table Rows
      • 19.18.9 Adding the Certificate of a Certificate Authority to the Database
      • 19.18.10 Deleting Certificates in Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.11 Adding a User Signature to Blockchain Table Rows
      • 19.18.12 Allowing a Delegate to Sign Blockchain Table Rows
      • 19.18.13 Countersigning Blockchain Table Rows
      • 19.18.14 Validating Data in Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.15 Verifying the Integrity of Blockchain Tables
        • 19.18.15.1 Generating a Signed Digest for Blockchain Tables
        • 19.18.15.2 Verifying Blockchain Table Rows Created in a Specified Time Period
      • 19.18.16 Deleting Rows from Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.17 Dropping Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.18 Setting the Table Retention Threshold
      • 19.18.19 Determining the Data Format for Row Content to Compute Row Hash
      • 19.18.20 Determining the Data Format to Compute Row Signature
      • 19.18.21 Displaying the Byte Values of Data in Blockchain Tables
      • 19.18.22 Creating a Regular Table with Blockchain History Log
      • 19.18.23 Blockchain Tables Data Dictionary Views
    • 19.19 Tables Data Dictionary Views
  • 20 Managing Indexes
    • 20.1 About Indexes
    • 20.2 Guidelines for Managing Indexes
      • 20.2.1 Create Indexes After Inserting Table Data
      • 20.2.2 Index the Correct Tables and Columns
      • 20.2.3 Order Index Columns for Performance
      • 20.2.4 Limit the Number of Indexes for Each Table
      • 20.2.5 Drop Indexes That Are No Longer Required
      • 20.2.6 Indexes and Deferred Segment Creation
      • 20.2.7 Estimate Index Size and Set Storage Parameters
      • 20.2.8 Specify the Tablespace for Each Index
      • 20.2.9 Consider Parallelizing Index Creation
      • 20.2.10 Consider Creating Indexes with NOLOGGING
      • 20.2.11 Understand When to Use Unusable or Invisible Indexes
      • 20.2.12 Understand When to Create Multiple Indexes on the Same Set of Columns
      • 20.2.13 Consider Costs and Benefits of Coalescing or Rebuilding Indexes
      • 20.2.14 Consider Cost Before Disabling or Dropping Constraints
      • 20.2.15 Consider Using the In-Memory Column Store to Reduce the Number of Indexes
    • 20.3 Creating Indexes
      • 20.3.1 Prerequisites for Creating Indexes
      • 20.3.2 Creating an Index Explicitly
      • 20.3.3 Creating a Unique Index Explicitly
      • 20.3.4 Creating an Index Associated with a Constraint
        • 20.3.4.1 About Creating an Index Associated with a Constraint
        • 20.3.4.2 Specifying Storage Options for an Index Associated with a Constraint
        • 20.3.4.3 Specifying the Index Associated with a Constraint
      • 20.3.5 Creating a Large Index
      • 20.3.6 Creating an Index Online
      • 20.3.7 Creating a Function-Based Index
      • 20.3.8 Creating a Compressed Index
        • 20.3.8.1 Creating an Index Using Prefix Compression
        • 20.3.8.2 Creating an Index Using Advanced Index Compression
      • 20.3.9 Creating an Unusable Index
      • 20.3.10 Creating an Invisible Index
      • 20.3.11 Creating Multiple Indexes on the Same Set of Columns
      • 20.3.12 Creating a Vector Index
    • 20.4 Altering Indexes
      • 20.4.1 About Altering Indexes
      • 20.4.2 Altering Storage Characteristics of an Index
      • 20.4.3 Rebuilding an Existing Index
      • 20.4.4 Making an Index Unusable
      • 20.4.5 Making an Index Invisible or Visible
      • 20.4.6 Renaming an Index
      • 20.4.7 Monitoring Index Usage
    • 20.5 Monitoring Space Use of Indexes
    • 20.6 Dropping Indexes
    • 20.7 Managing Automatic Indexes
      • 20.7.1 About Automatic Indexing
      • 20.7.2 How Automatic Indexing Works
      • 20.7.3 Configuring Automatic Indexing in an Oracle Database
      • 20.7.4 Generating Automatic Indexing Reports
      • 20.7.5 Views Containing the Automatic Indexing Information
    • 20.8 Indexes Data Dictionary Views
  • 21 Managing Clusters
    • 21.1 About Clusters
    • 21.2 Guidelines for Managing Clusters
      • 21.2.1 Choose Appropriate Tables for the Cluster
      • 21.2.2 Choose Appropriate Columns for the Cluster Key
      • 21.2.3 Specify the Space Required by an Average Cluster Key and Its Associated Rows
      • 21.2.4 Specify the Location of Each Cluster and Cluster Index Rows
      • 21.2.5 Estimate Cluster Size and Set Storage Parameters
    • 21.3 Creating Clusters and Objects That Use Them
      • 21.3.1 Creating Clusters
      • 21.3.2 Creating Clustered Tables
      • 21.3.3 Creating Cluster Indexes
    • 21.4 Altering Clusters and Objects That Use Them
      • 21.4.1 Altering Clusters
      • 21.4.2 Altering Clustered Tables
      • 21.4.3 Altering Cluster Indexes
    • 21.5 Dropping Clusters and Objects That Use Them
      • 21.5.1 Dropping Clusters
      • 21.5.2 Dropping Clustered Tables
      • 21.5.3 Dropping Cluster Indexes
    • 21.6 Clusters Data Dictionary Views
  • 22 Managing Hash Clusters
    • 22.1 About Hash Clusters
    • 22.2 When to Use Hash Clusters
      • 22.2.1 Situations Where Hashing Is Useful
      • 22.2.2 Situations Where Hashing Is Not Advantageous
    • 22.3 Creating Different Types of Hash Clusters
      • 22.3.1 Creating Hash Clusters
      • 22.3.2 Creating a Sorted Hash Cluster
      • 22.3.3 Creating Single-Table Hash Clusters
      • 22.3.4 Controlling Space Use Within a Hash Cluster
        • 22.3.4.1 Choosing the Key
        • 22.3.4.2 Setting HASH IS
        • 22.3.4.3 Setting SIZE
        • 22.3.4.4 Setting HASHKEYS
        • 22.3.4.5 Controlling Space in Hash Clusters
          • 22.3.4.5.1 Controlling Space in Hash Clusters: Example 1
          • 22.3.4.5.2 Controlling Space in Hash Clusters: Example 2
      • 22.3.5 Estimating Size Required by Hash Clusters
    • 22.4 Altering Hash Clusters
    • 22.5 Dropping Hash Clusters
    • 22.6 Hash Clusters Data Dictionary Views
  • 23 Managing Views, Sequences, and Synonyms
    • 23.1 Managing Views
      • 23.1.1 About Views
      • 23.1.2 Creating Views and Join Views
        • 23.1.2.1 Creating Views
        • 23.1.2.2 Creating Join Views
        • 23.1.2.3 Expansion of Defining Queries at View Creation Time
        • 23.1.2.4 Creating Views with Errors
      • 23.1.3 Replacing Views
      • 23.1.4 Using Views in Queries
      • 23.1.5 DML Statements and Join Views
        • 23.1.5.1 Updating a Join View
        • 23.1.5.2 Key-Preserved Tables
        • 23.1.5.3 Rules for DML Statements and Join Views
          • 23.1.5.3.1 UPDATE Statements and Join Views
          • 23.1.5.3.2 DELETE Statements and Join Views
          • 23.1.5.3.3 INSERT Statements and Join Views
        • 23.1.5.4 Updating Views That Involve Outer Joins
        • 23.1.5.5 Using the UPDATABLE_ COLUMNS Views
      • 23.1.6 Altering Views
      • 23.1.7 Dropping Views
    • 23.2 Managing Sequences
      • 23.2.1 About Sequences
      • 23.2.2 Creating Sequences
      • 23.2.3 Altering Sequences
      • 23.2.4 Using Sequences
        • 23.2.4.1 Referencing a Sequence
          • 23.2.4.1.1 Generating Sequence Numbers with NEXTVAL
          • 23.2.4.1.2 Using Sequence Numbers with CURRVAL
          • 23.2.4.1.3 Uses and Restrictions of NEXTVAL and CURRVAL
        • 23.2.4.2 Caching Sequence Numbers
          • 23.2.4.2.1 About Caching Sequence Numbers
          • 23.2.4.2.2 About Automatic Sizing of the Sequence Cache
          • 23.2.4.2.3 The Number of Entries in the Sequence Cache
          • 23.2.4.2.4 The Number of Values in Each Sequence Cache Entry
        • 23.2.4.3 Making a Sequence Scalable
      • 23.2.5 Dropping Sequences
    • 23.3 Managing Synonyms
      • 23.3.1 About Synonyms
      • 23.3.2 Creating Synonyms
      • 23.3.3 Using Synonyms in DML Statements
      • 23.3.4 Dropping Synonyms
    • 23.4 Views, Synonyms, and Sequences Data Dictionary Views
  • 24 Repairing Corrupted Data
    • 24.1 Options for Repairing Data Block Corruption
    • 24.2 About the DBMS_REPAIR Package
      • 24.2.1 DBMS_REPAIR Procedures
      • 24.2.2 Limitations and Restrictions for DBMS_REPAIR Procedures
    • 24.3 Using the DBMS_REPAIR Package
      • 24.3.1 Task 1: Detect and Report Corruptions
        • 24.3.1.1 About Detecting and Reporting Corruptions
        • 24.3.1.2 DBMS_REPAIR: Using the CHECK_OBJECT and ADMIN_TABLES Procedures
        • 24.3.1.3 DB_VERIFY: Performing an Offline Database Check
        • 24.3.1.4 ANALYZE: Reporting Corruption
        • 24.3.1.5 DB_BLOCK_CHECKING Initialization Parameter
      • 24.3.2 Task 2: Evaluate the Costs and Benefits of Using DBMS_REPAIR
      • 24.3.3 Task 3: Make Objects Usable
        • 24.3.3.1 Corruption Repair: Using the FIX_CORRUPT_BLOCKS and SKIP_CORRUPT_BLOCKS Procedures
        • 24.3.3.2 Implications When Skipping Corrupt Blocks
      • 24.3.4 Task 4: Repair Corruptions and Rebuild Lost Data
        • 24.3.4.1 Recover Data Using the DUMP_ORPHAN_KEYS Procedures
        • 24.3.4.2 Fix Segment Bitmaps Using the SEGMENT_FIX_STATUS Procedure
    • 24.4 DBMS_REPAIR Examples
      • 24.4.1 Examples: Building a Repair Table or Orphan Key Table
        • 24.4.1.1 About Repair Tables or Orphan Key Tables
        • 24.4.1.2 Example: Creating a Repair Table
        • 24.4.1.3 Example: Creating an Orphan Key Table
      • 24.4.2 Example: Detecting Corruption
      • 24.4.3 Example: Fixing Corrupt Blocks
      • 24.4.4 Example: Finding Index Entries Pointing to Corrupt Data Blocks
      • 24.4.5 Example: Skipping Corrupt Blocks
• Part IV Database Resource Management and Task Scheduling
  • 25 Managing Automated Database Maintenance Tasks
    • 25.1 About Automated Maintenance Tasks
    • 25.2 About Maintenance Windows
    • 25.3 Configuring Automated Maintenance Tasks
      • 25.3.1 Enabling and Disabling Maintenance Tasks for all Maintenance Windows
      • 25.3.2 Enabling and Disabling Maintenance Tasks for Specific Maintenance Windows
    • 25.4 Configuring Maintenance Windows
      • 25.4.1 Modifying a Maintenance Window
      • 25.4.2 Creating a New Maintenance Window
      • 25.4.3 Removing a Maintenance Window
    • 25.5 Configuring Resource Allocations for Automated Maintenance Tasks
      • 25.5.1 About Resource Allocations for Automated Maintenance Tasks
      • 25.5.2 Changing Resource Allocations for Automated Maintenance Tasks
    • 25.6 Automated Maintenance Tasks Reference
      • 25.6.1 Predefined Maintenance Windows
      • 25.6.2 Automated Maintenance Tasks Database Dictionary Views
  • 26 Managing Resources with Oracle Database Resource Manager
    • 26.1 About Oracle Database Resource Manager
      • 26.1.1 CDB and PDB Resource Management
      • 26.1.2 Purpose of Resource Management
        • 26.1.2.1 Purpose of Resource Management for a CDB
        • 26.1.2.2 Purpose of Resource Management for PDBs
      • 26.1.3 Consumer Groups, Plans, and Plan Directives
        • 26.1.3.1 About the Elements of Resource Manager
        • 26.1.3.2 About Resource Consumer Groups
          • 26.1.3.2.1 Consumer Groups for PDBs
        • 26.1.3.3 About Resource Plan Directives
          • 26.1.3.3.1 Resources Managed by the Resource Manager
            • 26.1.3.3.1.1 CPU
            • 26.1.3.3.1.2 Exadata I/O
            • 26.1.3.3.1.3 Parallel Execution Servers
            • 26.1.3.3.1.4 Program Global Area (PGA)
            • 26.1.3.3.1.5 Runaway Queries
            • 26.1.3.3.1.6 Active Session Pool with Queuing
            • 26.1.3.3.1.7 Undo Pool
            • 26.1.3.3.1.8 Idle Time Limit
          • 26.1.3.3.2 Resource Plan Directives for PDBs
          • 26.1.3.3.3 Performance Profiles for PDBs
        • 26.1.3.4 About Resource Plans
          • 26.1.3.4.1 About CDB Resource Plans
            • 26.1.3.4.1.1 Shares for Allocating Resources to PDBs
            • 26.1.3.4.1.2 Utilization Limits for PDBs
            • 26.1.3.4.1.3 The Default Directive for PDBs
          • 26.1.3.4.2 About PDB Resource Plans
            • 26.1.3.4.2.1 CDB Resource Plan Requirements When Creating PDB Resource Plans
            • 26.1.3.4.2.2 PDB Resource Plan: Example
          • 26.1.3.4.3 Example: A Simple Resource Plan
        • 26.1.3.5 About Subplans
          • 26.1.3.5.1 Example: A Resource Plan with Subplans
      • 26.1.4 User Interface for PDB Resource Management
        • 26.1.4.1 About Resource Manager Administration Privileges
        • 26.1.4.2 DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER for CDBs and PDBs
        • 26.1.4.3 Initialization Parameters for PDB-Level Resources
          • 26.1.4.3.1 CPU-Related Initialization Parameters for PDBs
          • 26.1.4.3.2 Memory-Related Initialization Parameters for PDBs
          • 26.1.4.3.3 Session-Related Initialization Parameters for PDBs
          • 26.1.4.3.4 I/O-Related Initialization Parameters for PDBs
    • 26.2 Enabling Oracle Database Resource Manager and Switching Plans
    • 26.3 Assigning Sessions to Resource Consumer Groups
      • 26.3.1 Overview of Assigning Sessions to Resource Consumer Groups
      • 26.3.2 Assigning an Initial Resource Consumer Group
      • 26.3.3 Specifying Session-to-Consumer Group Mapping Rules
        • 26.3.3.1 About Session-to-Consumer Group Mapping Rules
        • 26.3.3.2 Creating Consumer Group Mapping Rules
        • 26.3.3.3 Modifying and Deleting Consumer Group Mapping Rules
        • 26.3.3.4 Creating Mapping Rule Priorities
      • 26.3.4 Switching Resource Consumer Groups
        • 26.3.4.1 Manually Switching Resource Consumer Groups
          • 26.3.4.1.1 About Manually Switching Resource Consumer Groups
          • 26.3.4.1.2 Switching a Single Session
          • 26.3.4.1.3 Switching All Sessions for a User
        • 26.3.4.2 Enabling Users or Applications to Manually Switch Consumer Groups
      • 26.3.5 Specifying Automatic Consumer Group Switching
        • 26.3.5.1 Specifying Automatic Switching with Mapping Rules
        • 26.3.5.2 Specifying Automatic Switching by Setting Resource Limits
      • 26.3.6 Granting and Revoking the Switch Privilege
        • 26.3.6.1 About Granting and Revoking the Switch Privilege
        • 26.3.6.2 Granting the Switch Privilege
        • 26.3.6.3 Revoking Switch Privileges
    • 26.4 Managing Resource Plans
      • 26.4.1 Managing CDB Resource Plans
        • 26.4.1.1 Creating a CDB Resource Plan for Managing PDBs
        • 26.4.1.2 Creating a CDB Resource Plan for Managing PDBs: Scenario
        • 26.4.1.3 Creating a CDB Resource Plan with PDB Performance Profiles
        • 26.4.1.4 Creating a CDB Resource Plan for PDB Performance Profiles: Scenario
        • 26.4.1.5 Enabling a CDB Resource Plan
        • 26.4.1.6 Modifying a CDB Resource Plan
          • 26.4.1.6.1 Updating a CDB Resource Plan
          • 26.4.1.6.2 Managing CDB Resource Plan Directives for a PDB
            • 26.4.1.6.2.1 Creating New CDB Resource Plan Directives for a PDB
            • 26.4.1.6.2.2 Updating CDB Resource Plan Directives for a PDB
            • 26.4.1.6.2.3 Deleting CDB Resource Plan Directives for a PDB
          • 26.4.1.6.3 Managing CDB Resource Plan Directives for a PDB Performance Profile
            • 26.4.1.6.3.1 Creating New CDB Resource Plan Directives for a PDB Performance Profile
            • 26.4.1.6.3.2 Updating CDB Resource Plan Directives for a PDB Performance Profile
            • 26.4.1.6.3.3 Deleting CDB Resource Plan Directives for a PDB Performance Profile
          • 26.4.1.6.4 Updating the Default Directive for PDBs in a CDB Resource Plan
          • 26.4.1.6.5 Updating the Default Directive for Maintenance Tasks in a CDB Resource Plan
          • 26.4.1.6.6 Deleting a CDB Resource Plan
        • 26.4.1.7 Disabling a CDB Resource Plan
        • 26.4.1.8 Viewing Information About Plans and Directives in a CDB
          • 26.4.1.8.1 Viewing CDB Resource Plans
          • 26.4.1.8.2 Viewing CDB Resource Plan Directives
      • 26.4.2 Managing PDB Resource Plans
        • 26.4.2.1 Creating a PDB Resource Plan
        • 26.4.2.2 Enabling a PDB Resource Plan
        • 26.4.2.3 Modifying a PDB Resource Plan
        • 26.4.2.4 Disabling a PDB Resource Plan
      • 26.4.3 Creating a Simple Resource Plan
      • 26.4.4 Creating a Complex Resource Plan
        • 26.4.4.1 About the Pending Area
        • 26.4.4.2 Creating a Pending Area
        • 26.4.4.3 Creating Resource Consumer Groups
        • 26.4.4.4 Mapping Sessions to Consumer Groups
        • 26.4.4.5 Creating a Resource Plan
          • 26.4.4.5.1 About the RATIO CPU Allocation Method
        • 26.4.4.6 Creating Resource Plan Directives
          • 26.4.4.6.1 Conflicting Resource Plan Directives
        • 26.4.4.7 Validating the Pending Area
        • 26.4.4.8 Submitting the Pending Area
        • 26.4.4.9 Clearing the Pending Area
    • 26.5 Putting It All Together: Oracle Database Resource Manager Examples
      • 26.5.1 Multilevel Plan Example
      • 26.5.2 Examples of Using the Utilization Limit Attribute
      • 26.5.3 Example of Using Several Resource Allocation Methods
      • 26.5.4 Example of Managing Parallel Statements Using Directive Attributes
      • 26.5.5 An Oracle-Supplied Mixed Workload Plan
    • 26.6 Managing Multiple Database Instances on a Single Server
      • 26.6.1 About Instance Caging
      • 26.6.2 Enabling Instance Caging
    • 26.7 Maintaining Consumer Groups, Plans, and Directives
      • 26.7.1 Updating a Consumer Group
      • 26.7.2 Deleting a Consumer Group
      • 26.7.3 Updating a Plan
      • 26.7.4 Deleting a Plan
      • 26.7.5 Updating a Resource Plan Directive
      • 26.7.6 Deleting a Resource Plan Directive
    • 26.8 Viewing Database Resource Manager Configuration and Status
      • 26.8.1 About Resource Manager Views
      • 26.8.2 Viewing Consumer Groups Granted to Users or Roles
      • 26.8.3 Viewing Plan Information
      • 26.8.4 Viewing Current Consumer Groups for Sessions
      • 26.8.5 Viewing the Currently Active Plans
      • 26.8.6 Monitoring PDBs Managed by Oracle Database Resource Manager
        • 26.8.6.1 About Resource Manager Views for PDBs
        • 26.8.6.2 Monitoring CPU Usage for PDBs
        • 26.8.6.3 Monitoring Parallel Execution for PDBs
        • 26.8.6.4 Monitoring the I/O Generated by PDBs
        • 26.8.6.5 Monitoring Memory Usage for PDBs
    • 26.9 Interacting with Operating-System Resource Control
      • 26.9.1 Guidelines for Using Operating-System Resource Control
    • 26.10 Oracle Database Resource Manager Reference
      • 26.10.1 Predefined Resource Plans and Consumer Groups
      • 26.10.2 Predefined Consumer Group Mapping Rules
      • 26.10.3 Resource Manager Data Dictionary Views
    • 26.11 Operating System CPU Resource Management
  • 27 Oracle Scheduler Concepts
    • 27.1 Overview of Oracle Scheduler
    • 27.2 Jobs and Supporting Scheduler Objects
      • 27.2.1 About Jobs and Supporting Scheduler Objects
      • 27.2.2 Programs
      • 27.2.3 Schedules
      • 27.2.4 Jobs
        • 27.2.4.1 About Jobs
        • 27.2.4.2 Specifying a Job Action
        • 27.2.4.3 Specifying a Job Schedule
        • 27.2.4.4 Specifying a Job Destination
        • 27.2.4.5 Specifying a Job Credential
      • 27.2.5 Destinations
        • 27.2.5.1 About Destinations
        • 27.2.5.2 About Destinations and Scheduler Agents
          • 27.2.5.2.1 External Destinations
          • 27.2.5.2.2 Database Destinations
      • 27.2.6 File Watchers
      • 27.2.7 Credentials
      • 27.2.8 Chains
      • 27.2.9 Job Classes
      • 27.2.10 Windows
        • 27.2.10.1 About Windows
        • 27.2.10.2 Overlapping Windows
          • 27.2.10.2.1 Examples of Overlapping Windows
      • 27.2.11 Groups
        • 27.2.11.1 About Groups
        • 27.2.11.2 Destination Groups
        • 27.2.11.3 Window Groups
      • 27.2.12 Incompatibilities
    • 27.3 More About Jobs
      • 27.3.1 Job Categories
        • 27.3.1.1 Database Jobs
          • 27.3.1.1.1 About Database Jobs
          • 27.3.1.1.2 Local Database Jobs
          • 27.3.1.1.3 Remote Database Job
        • 27.3.1.2 External Jobs
          • 27.3.1.2.1 About External Jobs
          • 27.3.1.2.2 About Local External Jobs
          • 27.3.1.2.3 About Remote External Jobs
        • 27.3.1.3 Multiple-Destination Jobs
        • 27.3.1.4 Chain Jobs
        • 27.3.1.5 Detached Jobs
        • 27.3.1.6 Lightweight Jobs
        • 27.3.1.7 In-Memory Jobs
        • 27.3.1.8 Script Jobs
      • 27.3.2 Job Instances
      • 27.3.3 Job Arguments
      • 27.3.4 How Programs, Jobs, and Schedules are Related
    • 27.4 Scheduler Architecture
      • 27.4.1 Scheduler Components
      • 27.4.2 The Job Table
      • 27.4.3 The Job Coordinator
        • 27.4.3.1 About The Job Coordinator
        • 27.4.3.2 Job Coordinator Actions
        • 27.4.3.3 Maximum Number of Scheduler Job Processes
      • 27.4.4 How Jobs Execute
      • 27.4.5 After Jobs Complete
      • 27.4.6 Using the Scheduler in Real Application Clusters Environments
        • 27.4.6.1 The Scheduler and Real Application Clusters
        • 27.4.6.2 Service Affinity when Using the Scheduler
    • 27.5 Processes to Close a PDB
    • 27.6 Scheduler Support for Oracle Data Guard
  • 28 Scheduling Jobs with Oracle Scheduler
    • 28.1 About Scheduler Objects and Their Naming
    • 28.2 Creating, Running, and Managing Jobs
      • 28.2.1 Job Tasks and Their Procedures
      • 28.2.2 Creating Jobs
        • 28.2.2.1 Overview of Creating Jobs
        • 28.2.2.2 Specifying Job Actions, Schedules, Programs, and Styles
          • 28.2.2.2.1 Creating Jobs Using a Named Program
          • 28.2.2.2.2 Creating Jobs Using a Named Program and Job Styles
          • 28.2.2.2.3 Creating Jobs Using a Named Schedule
          • 28.2.2.2.4 Creating Jobs Using Named Programs and Schedules
        • 28.2.2.3 Specifying Scheduler Job Credentials
        • 28.2.2.4 Specifying Destinations
          • 28.2.2.4.1 Destination Tasks and Their Procedures
          • 28.2.2.4.2 Creating Destinations
          • 28.2.2.4.3 Creating Destination Groups for Multiple-Destination Jobs