1. Déployer une topologie DR hybride pour une base de données sur site
  2. Créer une instance de secours à l'aide du RMAN

Créer une instance de secours à l'aide de RMAN

Utilisez Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) pour créer une instance de cloud de secours à partir de la base de données principale.

Créer un journal d'archivage

Vérifiez le mode de journalisation de votre serveur Oracle sur site. S'il est en mode NOARCHIVELOG, remplacez-le par ARCHIVELOG pour créer un journal d'archivage.

  1. Visualisez le mode de journalisation du serveur sur site.
    SQL> select log_mode from v$database;
    La sortie ressemble à ce qui suit lorsque le mode journal est en mode NOARCHIVELOG:
    LOG_MODE
------------
NOARCHIVELOG
  2. Arrêtez l'instance sur site. 
    SQL> shutdown immediate;
    La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
    Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
  3. Montez la base de données sur site.
    SQL> startup mount;
    La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
    ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4966054520 bytes
Fixed Size		    9144952 bytes
Variable Size		  922746880 bytes
Database Buffers	 4026531840 bytes
Redo Buffers		    7630848 bytes
Database mounted.
  4. Modifiez le journal d'archivage de base de données, puis ouvrez la base de données.
    SQL> alter database archivelog;
    SQL> alter database open;
  5. Remplacez le mode journal par ARCHIVELOG.
    SQL> select log_mode from v$database;
    LOG_MODE
------------
ARCHIVELOG
  6. Affichez la liste des journaux d'archivage.
    SQL> archive log list;
    La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
    Database log mode	       Archive Mode
Automatic archival	       Enabled
Archive destination	       /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence     10
Next log sequence to archive   12
Current log sequence	       12
  7. Archiver tous les journaux.
    SQL> archive log all;
    ORA-00271:there are no logs that need archiving

Instancier la base de données de secours sur OCI

Utilisez Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) pour dupliquer la base de données principale active sur Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). Vous pouvez également dupliquer à partir d'une sauvegarde de la base de données principale.

  1. Arrêtez la base de données à l'aide de l'utilitaire srvctl ou arrêtez la base de données à l'aide de SQL*Plus.
    • $ srvctl stop database -d standby DB_UNIQUE_NAME -o immediate
    • Shutdown immediate;
  2. Connectez-vous à la base de données.
    $ rman target /
RMAN> startup nomount;
  3. Restaurer le fichier de contrôle de secours à partir du service principal.
    Dans cet exemple, ORCLCDB est la base de données principale sur site.
    RMAN> restore standby controlfile from service 'ORCLCDB';
  4. Si les messages d'erreur suivants apparaissent, reconnectez-vous à la base de données.
    RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 09/24/2020 21:10:13
RMAN-06496: must use the TO clause when the database is mounted or open
    1. Arrêt de la base de données
      RMAN> shutdown;
    2. Connexion à la base de données
      RMAN> startup nomount;
  5. Restaurez à l'aide du fichier de contrôle de la base de données au lieu du catalogue de récupération.
    RMAN> restore standby controlfile from service 'ORCLCDB';
    La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
    Starting restore at DD-MM-YY
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=182 device type=DISK 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
output file name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB_iad1s3/control01.ctl
output file name=/u03/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB_IAD1S3/control02.ctl
Finished restore at DD-MM-YY
  6. Montez la base de données.
    RMAN> alter database mount;
  7. Si un message d'erreur semblable au suivant s'affiche, reconnectez-vous à la base de données.
    Si vous n'obtenez pas de message d'erreur, passez à l'étape 8.
    Released channel: ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 09/24/2020 21:13:41
RMAN-06189: current DBID 2822997440 does not match target mounted database (2823031995)
    1. Arrêt de la base de données
      RMAN> shutdown immediate;
      La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
      database dismounted
Oracle instance shutdown
    2. Connexion à la base de données
      RMAN> startup nomount;
      La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
      connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance startedTotal System Global Area 14495511760 bytesFixed Size 9151696 bytes
Variable Size 1912602624 bytes
Database Buffers 12549357568 bytes
Redo Buffers 24399872 bytes
    3. Définissez l'identificateur de base de données.
      RMAN> set DBID=2823031995;
      La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
      executing command: SET DBID
  8. En tant qu'utilisateur root de l'instance OCI, modifiez les droits d'accès du répertoire Oracle en ouverture (chmod 777).
    [root@drdb opc]# sudo su
[root@drdb opc]# cd /opt/
[root@drdb opt]# ls -lrt
total 8
drwx------ 7 root root 4096 Sep 12 00:39 zookeeper
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Sep 12 00:51 oracle
[root@drdb opt]# chmod 777 oracle/
[root@drdb opt]# ls -lrt
total 8
drwx------ 7 root root 4096 Sep 12 00:39 zookeeper
drwxrwxrwx 6 root root 4096 Sep 12 00:51 oracle
  9. Restaurez la base de données à partir de la base de données principale (ORCLCDB).
    RMAN> restore database from service 'ORCLCDB' section size 5G;
    Une fois la sauvegarde et la copie de vérification croisée terminées, une liste de fichiers catalogués apparaît dans la sortie, comme suit :
    Starting restore at 01-SEP-20
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 01-SEP-20
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=184 device type=DISK
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 01-SEP-20

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 01-SEP-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 01-SEP-20

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u03/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB_IAD1S3/archivelog/2020_08_27/o1_mf_1_3_hngo1gl6_.arc
File Name: /u03/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB_IAD1S3/archivelog/2020_08_27/o1_mf_1_1_hngnvtgb_.arc
File Name: /u03/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB_IAD1S3/archivelog/2020_08_27/o1_mf_1_2_hngnwdfd_.arc

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 01-SEP-20
  10. Arrêtez la base de données.
    RMAN> Shutdown immediate;
  11. Redémarrez la base de données de secours à l'aide de l'utilitaire Server Control (srvctl) ou de SQL*Plus.
    • Utilisez l'utilitaire srvctl pour démarrer la base de données : 
      srvctl start instance -d standby DB_UNIQUE_NAME -i standby instance name -o mount
    • Utilisez SQL*Plus pour démarrer la base de données :
      $ ./sqlplus / as sysdba
  12. Montez la base de données.
    SQL> startup mount
    La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
    ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.4496E+10 bytes
Fixed Size		    9151696 bytes
Variable Size		 1912602624 bytes
Database Buffers	 1.2549E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers		   24399872 bytes
Database mounted.
  13. Modifier la base de données.
    SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
    Database altered.
  14. Affichez le rôle, le numéro de thread, le numéro de séquence et l'action de la base de données.
    SQL> SELECT ROLE, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, ACTION FROM V$DATAGUARD_PROCESS;
    La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
    ROLE			    THREAD#  SEQUENCE# ACTION
------------------------ ---------- ---------- ------------
post role transition		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery apply slave		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery apply slave		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery apply slave		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery apply slave		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery logmerger		  1	     7 WAIT_FOR_LOG
managed recovery		  0	     0 IDLE
archive redo			  0	     0 IDLE
archive local			  0	     0 IDLE
redo transport timer		  0	     0 IDLE
gap manager			  0	     0 IDLE
archive redo			  0	     0 IDLE
archive redo			  0	     0 IDLE
redo transport monitor	0	     0 IDLE
log writer			  0	     0 IDLE

15 rows selected.
  15. (Facultatif) Visualiser le nom et le rôle de la base de données. 
    SQL> select name, database_role from v$database;
    La sortie sera similaire à ce qui suit :
    NAME	  DATABASE_ROLE
--------- ----------------
ORCLCDB   PHYSICAL STANDBY
  16. En tant que sysdba, effacez tous les journaux redo de secours en ligne
    $ sqlplus “/ as sysdba” 
SQL> alter system set db_create_online_log_dest_1=<DATA Disk group>; 
SQL> set pagesize 0 feedback off linesize 120 trimspool on 
SQL> spool /tmp/clearlogs.sql 
SQL> select distinct 'alter database clear logfile group '||group#||';' from v$logfile; 
SQL> spool off 
SQL> @/tmp/clearlogs.sql 
SQL> select member from v$logfile;

Ajouter des instances RAC aux fichiers tnsnames.ora

Pour Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC), ajoutez les instances Oracle RAC à tnsnames.ora et redémarrez vos processus d'écoute. Le nom d'analyse ne peut pas être résolu dans l'un ou l'autre sens d'une configuration hybride, ce qui rend nécessaire la configuration de la liste d'adresses pour fournir une haute disponibilité.

  1. Modifiez le fichier TNSNAMES.ORA sur l'hôte de base de données sur site.
    Primary db_unique_name = (DESCRIPTION = 
(SDU=65536) (RECV_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(SEND_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
		   (FAILOVER=on)
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT=3)(RETRY_COUNT=3)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = PrimaryDB Node 1IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 2IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVER = DEDICATED) 
(SERVICE_NAME = Primary_db_SID) 
(UR=A) 
)) 

Standby db_unique_name = (DESCRIPTION = 
(SDU=65536) (RECV_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(SEND_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
		   (FAILOVER=on)
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT=3)(RETRY_COUNT=3)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 1IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 2IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVER = DEDICATED) 
(SERVICE_NAME = Primary_db_SID) 
(UR=A) 
))
  2. Modifiez le fichier TNSNAMES.ORA sur l'hôte de la base de données de secours dans Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI).
    Standby db_unique_name = (DESCRIPTION = 
(SDU=65536) (RECV_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(SEND_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
		   (FAILOVER=on)
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT=3)(RETRY_COUNT=3)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 1IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 2IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVER = DEDICATED) 
(SERVICE_NAME = Primary_db_SID) 
(UR=A) 
)) 

<Primary db_unique_name> = (DESCRIPTION = 
(SDU=65536) (RECV_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(SEND_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
		   (FAILOVER=on)
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT=3)(RETRY_COUNT=3)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = PrimaryDB Node 1IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 2IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVER = DEDICATED) 
(SERVICE_NAME = Primary_db_SID) 
(UR=A) 
))