This figure consists of three boxes arranged horizontally:

• The left box is divided into three sections vertically. These sections contain the following text, from top to bottom:

  • Issuer = CA2

  • Subject = Alice

  • Alice's Public Key

  The last section also contains an image of a key.

• The middle box is divided into three sections vertically. These sections contain the following text, from top to bottom:

  • Issuer = CA1

  • Subject = CA2

  • CA2's Public Key

  The last section also contains an image of a key.

• The right box contains the text "CA1's Public Key" and an image of a key.

Arrows connect the following boxes and sections

• From "Subject = CA2" in the middle box to "Issuer = CA2" in the left box

• From "CA1's Public Key" in the right box to "Issuer = CA1" in the middle box.