Index

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  L  M  N  O  P  R  S  T  U  V  W  X 

---

Numerics

1

1 locks, 5-15

1 to 1 locks, 5-18, 5-20, 5-32

fixed, 5-5

releasable, 5-5

when to use, 5-32

1 to n locks, 5-5

fixed, 5-5

releasable, 5-5

---

A

absolute file number, 7-3

acquiring rollback segments

initialization parameters, 7-7

acquisition AST, 5-27, 5-30

ACTIVE_INSTANCE_COUNT, 9-18

ADD LOGFILE clause

THREAD clause, 7-3

ADDED_EXTENTS, A-12

adding a file, A-20

affinity

parallel processor, A-17

ALERT file, 7-2

ALLOCATE EXTENT option

DATAFILE option, 7-24

instance number, 7-20

INSTANCE option, 7-24

not available, A-22

SIZE option, 7-24

allocation

automatic, 7-25

free space, 7-24

PCM locks, 5-20, 7-21

sequence numbers, 8-14

ALLOW_PARTIAL_SN_RESULTS parameter

obsolete for 8.1, A-6

ALTER CLUSTER statement, A-22

ALTER DATABASE statement

ADD LOGFILE, 7-3

adding or dropping log file, A-20

DATAFILE OFFLINE and ONLINE options, A-20

renaming a file, A-20

setting the log mode, B-3

ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT command, 7-8

ALTER SESSION statement

SET INSTANCE option, 7-24

ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG statement

CURRENT option, A-21

ALTER SYSTEM CHECK DATAFILES statement, 7-2

ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE statement, A-21

DBA privilege, A-21

ALTER TABLE statement

DISABLE TABLE LOCK option, 4-13

ENABLE TABLE LOCK option, 4-13

ALTER TABLESPACE statement

ADD DATAFILE option, A-20

OFFLINE and ONLINE options, A-20

renaming a data file, A-20

applications

departmentalized, 8-7

disjoint data, 8-6

DSS, 8-6

insert-intensive, 7-19

OLTP, 8-6

performance, 7-19

profiles, 8-7

query-intensive, 8-6

random access, 8-6

scalability, 8-11, 8-12

that do not scale, 9-23

tuning performance, 7-19

architecture

components of Oracle Parallel Server, 3-1

for parallel processing, 2-1

ARCHIVE LOG clause

CURRENT option, A-21

ARCHIVELOG mode

automatic archiving, 1-5

changing mode, B-3

online and offline backups, 1-5

archiving redo log files

identified in control file, 7-5

online archiving, 1-5

AST

definition of, 5-27

asymmetrical multiprocessing, 8-12

asynchronous trap, 5-29

asynchronous traps, 5-27, 5-30

availability

and interconnect, 2-5

benefit of parallel databases, 1-3

capacity planning, 9-4

data files, 7-2

measuring, 9-2

shared disk systems, 2-6

---

B

background processes

holding instance locks, 4-4

backup

export, B-2

offline, 1-5

online, 1-5

bandwidth, 2-4, 2-5, 8-11

block

cleanout, A-16

deferred rollback, A-21

multiple copies, 1-4

when written to disk, 1-4

block level locking, 4-13

Block Server Process

definition, 6-5

blocking AST, 5-29

blocks

associated with instance, 7-24

contention, 7-7, 7-21

deferred rollback, 7-7

multiple copies, 4-9

when written to disk, 5-22

BSP process, 6-2

definition, 6-5

buffer cache

coherency, 4-9

distributed locks, 8-6

minimizing I/O, 1-4, 4-9

written to disk, 1-4

buffer cache management, 1-4

buffer state, 5-24, 5-25

---

C

cache

buffer cache, 1-4

coherency, 4-9, 5-2

dictionary cache, 4-2

flushing dictionary, 4-8

row cache, 4-2

sequence cache, 8-13, 8-14

Cache Fusion

architecture, 6-5

change summary for 8.1, A-3

definition, 6-5

CACHE option, CREATE SEQUENCE, 8-14

cache recovery, 9-16

CACHE_SIZE_THRESHOLD parameter, A-19

obsolete for 8.1, A-6

CHECK DATAFILES clause, 7-2

CLEANUP_ROLLBACK_ENTRIES parameter, A-11, A-15

client

load balancing, 8-10

randomization, 8-10

client load balancing, 8-10

clients

failover, 9-9

cluster

hash cluster, A-22

implementations, 8-11

performance, 8-7

Cluster Manager, 9-6

node monitoring, 3-3

purpose, 3-3

Cluster Manager software

purpose, 3-3

cluster re-organization, 9-14

clusters

components of, 2-2

definition of, 1-2

storage access in, 2-5

CM

interacting with DLM, 3-6

committed data

sequence numbers, 8-14

compatibility

shared and exclusive modes, 7-2

components

for Oracle Parallel Server, 6-1

concurrency

maximum number of instances, 7-21

sequences, 8-14

configurations

for high availability, 9-17

connect-time failover, 8-10

consistency

multiversion read, 1-4

rollback information, 7-6

contention

block, 7-7, 7-21

disk, 7-2, 7-7

rollback segment, 7-6, 7-7

sequence number, 8-13, 8-14

table data, 7-2, 7-6

control files

MAXLOGHISTORY, 7-5

convert queue, 5-28

CPUs

adding, 2-3

single, uniprocessor, 2-3

CR Server

change summary for 8.1, A-3

CREATE CLUSTER statement, A-22

CREATE CONTROLFILE statement

exclusive mode, B-3

CREATE DATABASE statement

exclusive mode, B-3

MAXINSTANCES, 7-21

MAXLOGHISTORY, 7-5

CREATE SEQUENCE statement, 8-15

CACHE option, 8-14, 8-15

CYCLE option, 8-14

description, 8-14

ORDER option, 8-14

CREATE TABLE statement

FREELIST GROUPS option, 7-24

FREELISTS option, 7-24

CREATE TABLESPACE statement, A-20

creating a tablespace, A-20

cross-registration, 9-21

CURRENT option

new in Oracle7, A-21

CYCLE option, CREATE SEQUENCE, 8-14

---

D

data dictionary

objects, 4-2

row cache, 4-2

sequence cache, 8-14

data files

access in high availability, 9-6

data warehousing, 8-5

database

backup, 1-5

export and import, B-2

number of archived log files, 7-5

number of instances, 7-21

scalability, 8-12

Database Configuration Assistant

and log files, 7-5

database instance registration

client load balancing, 8-10

connect-time failover, 8-10

datafile

adding, A-20

dropping, A-20

maximum number, B-3

recovery, A-24

renaming, A-20

tablespace, A-20

taking offline or online, A-20

DATAFILE option

tablespace, A-20

datafiles

disk contention, 7-2

instance recovery, 7-3

mapping locks to blocks, 5-20

multiple files per table, 7-21

shared, 7-2

unspecified for PCM locks, 5-20

DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS parameter, 5-32

DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS view, 7-7

deadlock detection, 3-5

ded, iv

dedicated server

and Primary/Secondary Instance, 9-18

deferred rollback segment, A-21

DELAYED_LOGGING_BLOCK_CLEANOUTS parameter, A-11, A-16

departmentalized applications, 8-7

DESCRIPTION_LIST feature, A-15

dictionary cache, 4-2

locks, 4-7

dictionary cache locks, 4-7

disjoint data

applications with, 8-6

data files, 7-2

disk

contention, 7-7

reading blocks, 1-4

rollback segments, 7-7

writing blocks, 1-4

disk subsystems, 3-7

disks

contention, 7-2

writing blocks, 5-22

distributed lock

sequence, 8-14

Distributed Lock Manager, A-9

distributed architecture, 3-5

fault tolerant, 3-5

features, 3-4

group-based locking, 5-33

handling lock requests, 5-28

LCKn process, 5-22

LMON, 9-14

minimizing use, 4-9

non-PCM lock capacity, 4-13

queues, 5-27

resource sharing, 5-22

Distributed Lock Manager (DLM)

described, 3-4

distributed locks

rollback segment, 7-7

row cache, 4-2

total number, 4-2

DLM, 5-1

interacting with CM, 3-6

DM, Database Mount, 4-8

DML locks, 4-4, 4-5

DML_LOCKS parameter, 4-13

downtime

planned, 9-3

unplanned, 9-3

DROP TABLE statement, 4-8

DROP TABLESPACE statement, A-20

dropping a database object

tablespace, A-20

dropping a redo log file, A-20

DSS applications, 8-6, 8-7

dual ported controllers, 8-11

dynamically allocating blocks, 7-25

---

E

ENQUEUE_DEBUG_MULTI_INSTANCE parameter (Oracle Version 6), A-23

enqueues, 4-3

global, 4-4

local, 4-4

OPS context, 4-5

Ethernet

as used in Oracle Parallel Server, 2-5

exclusive mode, 5-9

compatibility, B-2

required for file operations, A-19

taking tablespace offline, A-20

EXCLUSIVE parameter

obsolete for 8.0.4, A-7

exclusive PCM locks, 4-12

Export utility

and free lists, 7-19, A-22, B-3

backing up data, B-2

compatibility, B-2

extents

allocating PCM locks, 7-21

not allocated to instance, 7-25

rollback segment, 7-7

size, 7-7

---

F

failover, A-13

basics of, 9-8

connect-time, 8-10

definition of, 9-2

duration of, 9-9

host-based, 9-12

server-side, 9-12

transparent application failover, 8-10

failure

ALERT file, 7-2

media, A-24

failure detection

by the Cluster Manager, 9-14

failure protection validation, 9-7

false pings, 5-31

FAST_START_PARALLEL_ROLLBACK, A-4

Fast-start Recovery, 9-5

Fast-start recovery, 9-16

Fast-start Rollback, 9-16, A-4

fault tolerance, 3-5

FDDI

as used in Oracle Parallel Server, 2-5

features

new, iii

features, new

Primary/Secondary Instance, A-2

Fibre Channel

as used in Oracle Parallel Server, 2-6

file

adding, A-20

archiving redo log, 1-5

dropping, A-20

exported, B-2

maximum number, B-3

redo log, 1-5, A-20

renaming, A-20

restricted operations, A-19

FILE_LOCK view, A-11

files

ALERT, 7-2

control file, 7-5

number, absolute, 7-3

number, relative, 7-3

redo log, 7-3

size, 5-20

fine grain locking, 8-6, A-11

fine grain locks

DBA lock, 5-15

one lock element to one block, 5-15

fixed locks

comparing with releasable, 5-5

fixed mode, lock element, 5-19

free list

and Export utility, B-3

cluster, A-22

exclusive mode, B-2

free list group

enhanced for release 7.3, A-11

free list groups

assigned to instance, 7-20, 7-23

definition, 7-13

free lists, 7-21

and Export utility, 7-19

assigned to instance, 7-23

PCM locks, 7-21

FREE_LIST_INST parameter (Oracle Version 6), A-22, A-23

FREE_LIST_PROC parameter (Oracle Version 6), A-22, A-23

FREED_EXTENTS, A-12

FREELIST GROUPS storage option

clustered tables, A-22

instance number, 7-20

FREELISTS

parameter, 7-12

FREELISTS storage option

clustered tables, A-22

FREEZE_DB_FOR_FAST_INSTANCE_RECOVERY parameter, A-8

---

G

GC_DB_LOCKS parameter, A-8

adjusting after file operations, A-20

GC_FILES_TO_LOCKS parameter, 5-20, 5-31

adjusting after file operations, A-20

associating PCM locks with extents, 7-21

GC_FREELIST_GROUPS parameter, A-8, A-11

GC_LATCHES parameter, A-7

obsolete for 8.1, A-6

GC_LCK_PROCS parameter

obsolete for 8.1, A-6

GC_RELEASABLE_LOCKS parameter, A-11

GC_ROLLBACK_LOCKS parameter, 7-7

GC_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS parameter, A-8

number of distributed locks, 7-7

GC_SAVE_ROLLBACK_LOCKS parameter, 7-7, A-8, A-21

GC_SEGMENTS parameter, A-8

GC_SORT_LOCKS parameter, A-23

GC_TABLESPACES parameter, A-8

global constant parameters

and non-PCM locks, 4-9

rollback segments, 7-7

global dynamic performance view, A-9

global locks, 4-4

modes, 4-12

GLOBAL option

verifying access to files, 7-2

GMS

removed for 8.1, A-4

granted queue, 5-28, 5-30

Group Membership Services, A-10

removed for 8.1, A-4

group-based locking, 5-33

groups

redo log files, 7-4

unique numbers, 7-5

V$LOGFILE, 7-5

GV$ view, A-9

---

H

hardware

for parallel processing, 2-1

requirements, 3-2

scalability, 8-11

hash cluster

free lists, A-22

hashed locks

when to use, 5-32

hashed PCM locks, 5-4

hashing

static, lock mastering scheme, 3-5

high availability

and the Cluster Manager, 3-3

benefit of parallel databases, 1-3

configurations for, 9-17

definition of, 1-3, 9-2

high water mark, 7-25

definition, 7-11, 7-26

moving, 7-26, 7-27

host, DLM, 5-22

host-based failover, 9-12

---

I

Import utility

Compatibility, B-2

free lists, A-22

restoring data, B-2

improving network performance

by randomizing client requests, 8-10

INITIAL storage parameter

rollback segments, 7-7

initialization parameter

obsolete, A-23

inserts

performance, 7-19

instance

affinity, for jobs, A-6

instance number, 7-23

instance recovery

access to files, 7-3

rollback segments, 7-6

instance registration, A-12

INSTANCE_NUMBER parameter

and SQL options, 7-24

assigning free lists to instances, 7-23

instances

associated with data block, 7-24

instance number, 7-20

maximum number, 7-6, 7-21

ownership of PCM locks, 5-17

recovery, 9-15

rollback segment required, 7-6

thread number, 7-3

INSTANCES parameter (Oracle Version 6), A-23

Integrated Distributed Lock Manager

internalized, A-9

interconnect

and scalability, 8-11

as a cluster component, 2-2

definition of, 2-4

high-speed, 4-2

latency, 2-6

redundancy of, 9-6

inter-node communication, 4-2

Inter-Process Communication (IPC)

described, 6-5

introduction

to Oracle Parallel Server, 1-1

I/O

disk contention, 1-4

interrupts, 8-12

minimizing, 1-4, 4-9

---

L

Lamport SCN generation, 6-6

LANGUAGE parameter (Oracle Version 6), A-23

latches, 4-3, 4-8

latency, 2-4, 8-11

of the interconnect, 2-6

LCKn process, 5-17

library cache locks, 4-7

listener

connect-time failover, 8-10

load balancing, A-5

transparent application failover, 8-10

LM_LOCKS parameter, A-8

LM_PROCS parameter, A-8

LM_RESS parameter, A-8

LMDn process, A-9

LMON

and cluster reorganization, 9-14

LMON process, A-9

load balancing, A-15

client load balancing, 8-10

local I/O, 8-11

local locks, 4-3

LOCAL option

verifying access to files, 7-2

lock elements

correspondence to locks, 5-14

free, 5-19

LRU list, 5-19

name, 5-15

non-fixed mode, 5-19

valid bit, 5-19

locking, 1-4

locks

boundary, 7-26

conversion, 5-30

cost of, 5-6

dictionary cache, 4-7

DML, 4-4, 4-7

enqueue, 4-3

global, 4-4

group-based, 5-33

latch, 4-3

library cache, 4-7

local, 4-3

mode compatibility, 5-26

mode, and buffer state, 5-24

mount locks, 4-8

non-PCM, 4-4, 4-5

ownership by DLM, 5-33

PCM lock, 7-21

process-owned, 5-33

re-mastering, 9-15

request, handling by DLM, 5-28

rollback segment, 7-7

row, 4-7, 4-12

row cache, 4-2

row lock independence, 4-12

table, 4-4, 4-5, 4-7

tables, 4-13

transaction, 4-7

log switch

forcing, A-21

log switches, 7-5

LOG_ALLOCATION parameter (Oracle Version 6), A-21, A-23

LOG_DEBUG_MULTI_INSTANCE parameter (Oracle Version 6), A-23

LOG_FILES parameter

obsolete for 8.1, A-6

LRU list

lock elements, 5-19

---

M

Massively Parallel Processing System, 7-21

Massively Parallel Processing Systems, 2-7

massively parallel system

application profile, 8-7

MAX_COMMIT_PROPAGATION_DELAY parameter, 6-6

MAX_SORT_SIZE, A-12

MAXEXTENTS storage parameter

automatic allocations, 7-25

MAXINSTANCES option, 7-21

MAXINSTANCES parameter, 7-23

assigning free lists to instances, 7-20, 7-23

MAXLOGHISTORY option, 7-5

mean time between failures

definition of, 9-2

mean time to recover

definition of, 9-2

media failure, A-24

access to files, 7-2

recovery, A-24

memory

cache, 1-4

cached data, 1-4

DLM requirements, 5-34

SGA, 8-14

memory access, 2-2

memory-mapped IPCs

how used in Oracle Parallel Server, 2-4

message

ALERT file, 7-2

distributed lock manager, 5-22

messages

access to files, 7-2

migration

data migration, B-2

MINEXTENTS storage parameter

automatic allocations, 7-25

mode

archiving, 1-5

modes

incompatible, 5-27

lock compatibility, 5-26

PCM lock, 4-12

PCM locks, 4-12

modulo, 7-20, 7-23

mount locks, 4-8

MTBF

definition of, 9-2

MTS_LISTENER_ADDRESS parameter

obsolete for 8.0.4, A-7

MTS_MULTIPLE_LISTENERS parameter

obsolete for 8.0.4, A-7

MTTR, 9-5

definition of, 9-2

multiple shared mode, 4-8

multiplexed redo log files, 7-3

example, 7-4

Multi-threaded Server, 5-33

and Primary/Secondary Instance, 9-18

multi-tiered application environments, 9-9

multiversion read consistency, 1-4

---

N

new features, iii

new, features

Primary/Secondary Instance, A-2

NEXT storage parameter, 7-7

N-node

Oracle Parallel Server configuration, 9-17

NOARCHIVELOG mode

changing mode, B-3

offline backups, 1-5

node

failure, 1-3

node monitoring, 3-3

nodes

cache coherency, 4-9

definition of, 2-2

hardware for, 2-1

high availability, 9-6

non-fixed mode, lock elements, 5-19

non-PCM locks

dictionary cache lock, 4-7

DML lock, 4-7

enqueue, 4-4

IDLM capacity, 4-13

library cache lock, 4-7

mount locks, 4-8

overview, 4-6

relative number, 4-13

table lock, 4-7

transaction lock, 4-7

types, 4-5

user control, 4-13

non-uniform disk access, 2-6

non-uniform memory access

definition of, 2-3

NOORDER option, CREATE SEQUENCE, 8-15

null lock mode, 4-12

NUMA

definition of, 2-3

number generator, 8-14

number of nines

metric for measuring availability, 9-3

---

O

obsolete parameters, A-22, A-23

offline backup, 1-5

offline datafile, A-20

offline tablespace

deferred rollback segments, A-21

restrictions, A-20

offline tablespaces

restrictions, 7-6

OGMS_HOME parameter, A-7

obsolete for 8.1, A-6

OLTP, 8-16

OLTP applications, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7, A-3

online archiving, 1-5

online backup, 1-5

online datafile

supported operations, A-20

online recovery, 7-3, A-24

online redo log files

thread of redo, 7-3

operating system

Distributed Lock Manager, 5-22

exported files, B-2

scalability, 8-12

Operating System Dependent layer

Inter-Process Communication (IP
C), 6-5

OPS_ADMIN_GROUP parameter, A-8

obsolete for 8.1, A-6

OPS_FAILOVER clause, A-13

Oracle

backing up, 1-5

compatibility, B-3

data dictionary, 4-2

datafile compatibility, 7-2

migration, A-19

obsolete parameters, A-23

performance features, 1-4

restrictions, 8-15, A-19, A-21

Oracle Parallel Execution

described, 8-16

Oracle Parallel Server

applicable system types, 1-2

benefits, 1-2

connect-time failover, 8-10

definition of, 1-2

introduction, 1-1

Oracle Parallel Execution, 8-16

Oracle Parallel Server failover

how it works, 9-13

Oracle Parallel Server Management (OPSM), A-5

oracle_pid, 7-23

Oradebug, A-5

ORDER option, 8-14

outages

causes of, 9-3

---

P

Parallel Cache Management

examples of, 4-10

parallel cache management, 4-8

parallel cache management lock

sequence, 8-13

parallel cache management locks

acquiring, 4-12

disowning, 4-12

exclusive, 4-12

how they work, 5-31

null, 4-12

owned by instance LCK processes, 5-17

owned by multiple instances, 5-17

periodicity, 5-22

read, 4-12

relative number, 4-13

releasing, 4-12

user control, 4-13

parallel database

availability, 1-3

parallel execution

execution processing, 8-12

processor affinity, A-17

parallel mode

file operation restrictions, A-19, A-21, B-3

recovery restrictions, A-24

sequence restrictions, 8-15, B-3

PARALLEL parameter

obsolete for 8.0.4, A-7

parallel processing

definition of, 1-2

hardware for, 2-1

when advantageous, 8-5

parallel processor affinity, A-17

parallel server, A-5

database configuration, A-5

installation, A-5

instance affinity for jobs, A-6

listener load balancing, A-5

Oradebug, A-5

parallel transaction recovery

changes for 8.1, A-4

PARALLEL_DEFAULT_MAX_INSTANCES parameter

obsolete for 8.1, A-6

PARALLEL_SERVER parameter

new for 8.0., A-7

PARALLEL_TRANSACTION_RECOVERY parameter

changes for 8.1, A-4

parameter

obsolete, A-23

parameters

database creation, 7-21

storage, 7-7

partitioning data

data files, 7-2

free lists, 7-10, 7-21

PCM locks, 7-21

rollback segments, 7-6, 7-7

table data, 7-21

PCM

1 to 1 lock usage, 5-32

1 to 1 locks, 5-5

1 to n locks, 5-5

hashed lock usage, 5-32

PCM locks

contention, 7-21

fixed 1

n, 5-4

mapping blocks to, 5-20, 7-21

releasable, 5-4

set of files, 5-21

PCTFREE, 7-12

PCTUSED, 7-12

performance

and lock mastering, 3-5

application, 7-19

caching sequences, 8-14

inserts and updates, 7-19

Oracle8 features, 1-4

rollback segments, 7-7

sequence numbers, 8-15

persistent resource, 3-6

pinging, 5-22, 5-24

definition, 5-2

false, 5-31

planned downtime, 9-3

planning

capacity, 9-4

redundancy, 9-4

pre-allocating extents, 7-25

Primary/Secondary Instance

definition of, 9-18

prime number, A-8

private rollback segments

acquisition, 7-6

specifying, 7-8

process free lists

pinging of segment header, 7-14

processes

for Oracle Parallel Server, 6-2

processor affinity

parallel execution, A-17

protected write mode, 5-9

---

R

RAID, 9-8

random access, 8-6

randomizing requests among listeners, 8-10

read consistency

multiversion, 1-4

rollback information, 7-6

read lock modes, 4-12

read-only access, 1-4, 4-12

applications, 8-6

read PCM locks, 4-12

recovery

access to files, 7-2, 7-3

cache, 9-16

deferred transaction, A-14

media failure, 7-2, A-24

of instances, 9-15

restrictions, A-24

rolling back, 7-6

redo log file

adding, A-20

archiving, 1-5

dropping, A-20

overwriting, 1-5

renaming, A-20

redo log files

identified in control file, 7-5

thread of redo, 7-3

redundancy planning, 9-4

relative file number, 7-3

releasable locks

comparing with fixed, 5-5

creation, 5-4

re-mastering

during failover, 9-8

locks, 9-15

remote I/O, 8-11

renaming a file

redo log file, A-20

RENAME FILE option, A-20

resource

persistent, 3-6

resource mastering, 3-5

resources

database, 4-9

restrictions

cached sequence, 8-15

deferred rollback segments, A-21

file operations, A-19, A-21, B-3

offline tablespace, 7-6, A-20

recovery, A-24

rollback segment

deferred, A-21

onlining, A-15

rollback segments

contention, 7-6, 7-7

deferred, 7-7

description, 7-6

distributed locks, 7-7

global constant parameters, 7-7

multiple, 7-6

online, 7-6

public vs. private, 7-7

SYSTEM, 7-6

tablespace, 7-6

ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS parameter, 7-7, 7-8

rolling back

rollback segments, 7-6

row locks, 4-12

row cache, 4-2

row level locking

DML locks, 4-7

independent of PCM locks, 4-12

resource sharing system, 1-4

ROW_CACHE_MULTI_INSTANCE parameter (Oracle Version 6), A-23

---

S

scalability, 1-3

application, 8-12

applications, 8-11

database, 8-12

definition, 8-3

enhancement for release 7.3, A-13

four levels of, 8-10

hardware, 8-11

network, 8-13

operating system, 8-12

potential, 8-2

relative, 8-7

shared memory system, 8-12

scale

partitions, 1-2

SCN, 6-6

SCSI

as used in Oracle Parallel Server, 2-6

segments

header contention, 7-14

header, contention, 7-14

rollback segment, 7-6

sequence

data dictionary cache, 8-13, 8-14

not cached, 8-15, B-3

timestamp, 8-14

sequence number generator

application scalability, 8-12

distributed locks, 8-14

LM locks, 8-13

on parallel server, 8-14

restriction, 8-15, B-3

skipping sequence numbers, 8-14

SEQUENCE_CACHE_ENTRIES parameter

obsolete for 8.1, A-6

server-side failover, 9-12

shared disk system

advantages, 2-6

shared exclusive mode, 5-9

shared high availability node configuration, 9-24

shared memory access

advantages, disadvantages of, 2-4

shared memory system

scalability, 8-12

shared mode

datafiles, 7-2

file operation restrictions, A-20

shared nothing systems, 2-7

shutting down an instance

lost sequence numbers, 8-14

single points-of-failure

avoiding with high availability, 9-2

single shared mode, 4-8

slow-down, 8-5

SMON process, 6-3

transaction recovery, A-15

SMP

scaling limitations of, 2-3

sort enhancements, A-12

sort space, A-12

SORT_DIRECT_WRITES parameter, A-15

space

free blocks, 7-10, 7-25

free list, 7-10

speedup

definition, 8-4

SQL statement

restrictions, B-3

starting up

after file operations, A-20

global constant parameters, 7-7

rollback segments, 7-6

shared mode, A-20

verifying access to files, 7-2

static hashing

lock mastering scheme, 3-5

storage access in clustered systems, 2-5

storage options

clustered tables, A-22

extent size, 7-7

rollback segment, 7-7

sub-shared exclusive mode, 5-9

sub-shared mode, 5-9

switch archiving mode, B-3

symmetric multiprocessor, 8-7, 8-12

synchronization, 4-2

System Change Number (SCN)

incrementation, 6-6

system change number (SCN)

Lamport, 6-6

non-PCM lock, 4-5

System Global Area (SGA)

row cache, 4-2

sequence cache, 8-14

system level planning

planning

system level, 9-4

SYSTEM rollback segment, 7-6

system-specific Oracle documentation

datafiles, maximum number, B-3

free list overhead, 7-12

---

T

table locks, 4-7

tables

allocating extents, 7-24

contention, 7-6

initial storage, 7-25

lock, 4-4

locks, 4-13

PCM locks, 7-21

tablespace, 7-6

tablespace

backup, 1-5

creating, A-20

data files, A-20

dropping, A-20

recovery, A-24

taking offline, A-20, A-21

tablespaces

active rollback segments, 7-6

offline, 7-6

rollback segment, 7-6

tables, 7-6

taking offline, 7-6

THREAD option

creating private thread, 7-3

creating public thread, 7-3

THREAD parameter

instance acquiring thread, 7-3

threads

example, 7-3

number of groups, 7-4

TM, DML Enqueue, 4-7

TP monitor, A-13

transaction

committed data, 1-4

concurrent, 1-4

offline tablespace, A-21

recovery, A-14

rollback segments, A-21

row locking, 1-4

sequence numbers, 8-14

updates, 1-4

transaction recovery, 9-16

transactions

aborted, 7-6

concurrent, 4-9, 4-10

inserts, 7-10

isolation, 4-12

locks, 4-5, 4-7

offline tablespace, 7-7

rollback segments, 7-7

rolling back, 7-6

row locking, 4-12

updates, 7-10

TRANSACTIONS parameter, 7-8

TRANSACTIONS_PER_ROLLBACK parameter, 7-8

transparency

definition of, 1-3

Transparent Application Failover

definition of, 9-9

uses of, 9-10

TX, Transaction, 4-7

---

U

UMA

definition of, 2-3

uniform disk access, 2-5

uniform memory access

definition of, 2-3

uniprocessor

definition of, 2-3

unplanned downtime, 9-3

updates

at different times, 8-6

concurrent, 1-4

instance lock, 5-22

PCM locks, 4-12

performance, 7-19

user process

free list, 7-10

user processes

free lists, 7-21

user-level DLM, 5-34

user-mode interprocess communication

how used in Oracle Parallel Server, 2-4

utilities, Oracle

Export, Import, B-2

---

V

V$ACTIVE_INSTANCES view, A-11

V$BH view, 5-24, A-9, A-11, A-19

V$CACHE view, A-19

V$CLASS_PING view, A-9

V$DATAFILE view, 7-3

V$DLM_ALL_LOCKS

new view for 8.1, A-3

V$DLM_CONVERT_LOCAL view, A-9

V$DLM_CONVERT_REMOTE view, A-9

V$DLM_LATCH view, A-9

V$DLM_LOCKS view

changed for 8.0.4, A-7

V$DLM_MISC view, A-9

V$DLM_RESS

new view, A-3

V$FAST_START_SERVERS

view, A-4

V$FAST_START_TRANSACTIONS

view, A-4

V$FILE_PING view, A-9

V$LOCK_ACTIVITY view, A-19

V$LOCKS_WITH_COLLISIONS view, A-18

V$LOGFILE view, 7-5

V$PING view, A-19

V$RESOURCE_LIMIT view, A-9

V$SORT_SEGMENT view, A-11, A-12

V$SYSSTAT view, A-9

valid bit, lock element, 5-19

versions, Oracle

compatibility, A-19

upgrading, A-1

---

W

workloads

and scaleup, 8-2

---

X

XA interface

library, 5-33

performance enhancement, A-13

recovery enhancement, A-13

XA_RECOVER call, A-13