Contents

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Preface

Overview of the Oracle8i Replication Manual

Audience

Knowledge Assumed of the Reader

How This Book Is Organized

Conventions Used in This Manual

Special Notes

Text of the Manual

Code Examples

Your Comments Are Welcome

1 Replication Overview

Introduction to Replication

Applications That Use Replication

Replication Objects, Groups, and Sites

Types of Replication Environments

Multimaster Replication

Snapshot Replication

Multimaster and Snapshot Hybrid Configurations

Administration Tools for a Replication Environment

Oracle Replication Manager

Replication Management API

Replication Catalog

Distributed Schema Management

Replication Conflicts

Other Options for Multimaster Replication

Synchronous Replication

Procedural Replication

2 Master Concepts & Architecture

Master Replication Concepts

What is Master Replication?

Why Use Multimaster Replication?

Types of Master Replication

Multimaster Replication Process

Conflict Resolution Concepts

Master Replication Architecture

Master Site Mechanisms

Administrative Mechanisms

Organizational Mechanisms

Propagation Process

Performance Mechanisms

Conflict Resolution Mechanisms

3 Snapshot Concepts & Architecture

Snapshot Concepts

What is a Snapshot?

Why Use Snapshots?

Available Snapshots

Data Subsetting with Snapshots

Snapshot Registration at a Master Site

Snapshot Architecture

Master Site Mechanisms

Snapshot Site Mechanisms

Organizational Mechanisms

Refresh Process

Preparing for Snapshots

Create Snapshot Site Users

Create Master Site Users

Schema

Database Link

Privileges

Schedule Purge at Master Site

Schedule Push

SNP Background Processes and Interval

Creating a Snapshot Log

Using Filter Columns

Creating a Snapshot Environment

Replication Manager

Replication Management API

4 Deployment Templates Concepts & Architecture

Mass Deployment Challenge

Deployment Templates and the Mass Deployment Goal

Oracle Deployment Templates Concepts

Deployment Template Elements

Packaging and Instantiating Deployment Templates

Template Definitions Stored in System Tables

Packaging and Instantiation Process

Post-Instantiation

Deployment Template Design

Vertical Partitioning

Horizontal Partitioning with Assignment Tables

Data Sets

Additional Design Considerations

Local Control of Snapshot Creation

5 Conflict Resolution Concepts & Architecture

Conflict Resolution Concepts

Understanding Your Data and Application Requirements

Types of Replication Conflicts

Detecting Conflicts

Conflict Resolution

Avoiding Conflicts

Conflict Resolution Architecture

Support Mechanisms

Common Update Conflict Resolution Methods

Additional Update Conflicts Resolution Methods

Uniqueness Conflicts Resolution Methods

Delete Conflict Resolution Methods

Performance Mechanisms

6 Advanced Concepts & Architecture

Using Procedural Replication

Restrictions on Procedural Replication

Serialization of Transactions

Generating Support for Replicated Procedures

Designing for Survivability

Oracle Parallel Server versus Replication

Designing for Survivability

Implementing a Survivable System

Using Dynamic Ownership Conflict Avoidance

Workflow

Token Passing

Locating the Owner of a Row

Obtaining Ownership

Applying the Change

Modifying Tables without Replicating the Modifications

Disabling the Replication Facility

Re-enabling the Replication Facility

Triggers and Replication

Enabling/Disabling Replication for Snapshots

Understanding Replication Protection Mechanisms

Data Propagation Dependency Maintenance

7 Planning Your Replication Environment

Considerations for Replicated Tables

Primary Keys

Datatype Considerations

Initialization Parameters

Master Sites and Snapshot Sites

Advantages of Master Sites

Advantages of Snapshot Sites

Guidelines for Scheduled Links

Scheduling Periodic Pushes

Scheduling Continuous Pushes

Guidelines for Scheduled Purges of a Deferred Transaction Queue

Scheduling Periodic Purges

Scheduling Continuous Purges

Serial and Parallel Propagation

Deployment Templates

Preparing Snapshot Sites for Instantiation of Deployment Templates

Conflict Resolution

Security

8 Introduction to Replication Manager

Usage Scenarios for Replication Manager

Starting Replication Manager

Starting Replication Manager from the Oracle Enterprise Manager Console

Starting Replication Manager as an Independent Application

Logging In To Replication Manager

Replication Manager Interface

Panes

Toolbar

Menus

Replication Manager Wizards

Setup Wizard

Snapshot Group Wizard

Deployment Template Wizard

Offline Instantiation Wizard

Copy Template Wizard

Flowchart for Creating a Replicated Environment

A New Features

Oracle8i New Replication Features

Performance Improvements

Improved Mass Deployment Support

Improved Security

Replication Manager

Improved Oracle8i Lite Integration

Oracle8 New Replication Features

Performance Enhancements

Data Subsetting Based on Subqueries

Large Object Datatypes (LOBs) Support

Improved Management and Ease of Use

Enhanced, System-Based Security Model

New Replication Manager Features

B Troubleshooting Replication Problems

Diagnosing Problems with Database Links

Diagnosing Problems with Master Sites

Replicated Objects Not Created at New Master Site

DDL Changes Not Propagated to Master Site

DML Changes Not Asynchronously Propagated to Other Sites

DML Cannot be Applied to Replicated Table

Bulk Updates and Constraint Violations

Re-Creating a Replicated Object

Unable to Generate Replication Support for a Table

Problems with Replicated Procedures or Triggers

Problems With ON DELETE CASCADE and Integrity Constraints

Diagnosing Problems with the Deferred Transaction Queue

Check Jobs for Scheduled Links

Distributed Transaction Problems

Incomplete Database Link Specifications

Incorrect Replication Catalog Views

Diagnosing Problems with Snapshots

Problems Creating Replicated Objects at Snapshot Site

Troubleshooting Refresh Problems

Advanced Troubleshooting of Refresh Problems

C Configuring the Oracle8i Server for RepAPI

What Is RepAPI?

RepAPI Concepts and Architecture

Server Component

Callout Classes

Client Engine

Before Using RepAPI on the Oracle8i Server

Loading and Publishing the RepAPI Server Object

Generating Offline Instantiation Files

Administering RepAPI

Replication Manager

Replication Management API

Replication Catalog

Oracle Client Replication Tool

Client Sample Program

Installing the Sample Program

Using the Sample Program

Index