3.1 Using Localized Management
When localized management is used, network computers are configured with configuration files. The files are stored locally on the computers.
Table 3-1 Oracle Net Configuration Files Used with Localized Management
Configuration File | Description |
---|---|
|
Located primarily on the clients, this file contains network service names mapped to connect descriptors. This file is used for the local naming method. |
|
Located on client and database server computers, this file may include the following:
|
|
Located on the database server, this configuration file for the listener may include the following:
|
|
Located on the computer where Oracle Connection Manager runs, this configuration file includes the following components:
Each Oracle Connection Manager configuration is encapsulated within a single name-value (NV) string, which consists of the preceding components. |
Typically, tools such as Oracle Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) and Oracle Net Configuration Assistant (NETCA) create configuration files in the ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
directory for Oracle Database installations, the GRID_HOME/network/admin
directory for Oracle Grid Infrastructure installations, or the corresponding ORACLE_BASE_HOME/network/admin
directory for a read-only Oracle home. If you have installed multiple databases, then these are created in the Oracle home or Grid home where DBCA or NETCA is run (or the Oracle base home for read-only instances). However, configuration files can be created in other directories.
For example, the order for checking the tnsnames.ora
file is:
-
The directory specified by the
TNS_ADMIN
environment variable -
If the
TNS_ADMIN
environment variable is not set or the file is not found in theTNS_ADMIN
directory:-
On Linux and UNIX: The
ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
directory (or itsORACLE_BASE_HOME/network/admin
directory for a read-only Oracle home) -
On Windows:
ORACLE_HOME\network\admin
directory (or itsORACLE_BASE_HOME\network\admin
directory for a read-only Oracle home)
-
-
For a read-only Oracle home, if the file is not found in the Oracle base home:
-
On Linux and UNIX: The
ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
directory -
On Windows: The
ORACLE_HOME\network\admin
directory
-
Note:
-
On Windows, the
ORACLE_HOME
location is determined by theORACLE_HOME\bin\oracle.key
file (which contains the name of the Windows Registry key whereORACLE_HOME
is defined). Also, theTNS_ADMIN
environment variable is used if it is set in the environment of the process. If you do not define theTNS_ADMIN
environment variable in the environment or if the process is a service that does not have an environment, then Windows scans the registry for aTNS_ADMIN
parameter. -
With Oracle Instant Client,
tnsnames.ora
is located in the subdirectory of the Oracle Instant Client software. For example, in the/opt/oracle/instantclient_release_number/network/admin
directory.
Parent topic: Managing Network Address Information