部署 Active Data Guard 遠端同步執行處理

建立遠端同步控制檔。

為主要資料庫的遠端同步執行處理建立控制檔。

SQL> alter database create far sync instance controlfile as '/home/oracle/controlfs.ctl';

將新建立的控制檔複製到遠端同步執行處理主機。

scp -p controlfs.ctl farsync-toronto:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/controlfs/
scp -p controlfs.ctl farsync-sydney:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/controlfs/

複製密碼檔。

使用遠端同步執行處理的名稱，將主要資料庫的密碼檔複製到遠端同步執行處理主機。在此範例中，多倫多區域中的遠端同步執行處理將命名為 FSTOR。因此密碼檔的名稱是 orapwFSTOR。

#check the location of the password file
SQL> select file_name from v$passwordfile_info;
  
#as grid user, copy the file from ASM to the local filesystem
asmcmd -p
cp +DATAC2/DB_TORONTO/PASSWORD/pwddb_toronto.421.1185102507 /home/grid/orapw
  
#as root user, change the owner of the password file to oracle user
cp /home/grid/orapw /home/oracle/
chown oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/orapw
 
#copy the files to the Far Sync instance hosts using the new names "orapwFSTOR" and "orapwFSSYD"
scp -p /home/oracle/orapw farsync-toronto:/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwFSTOR                    
scp -p /home/oracle/orapw farsync-sydney:/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwFSSYD

建立參數檔。

為主要資料庫的遠端同步執行處理建立一個參數檔，將它複製到遠端同步執行處理主機，然後調整參數以反映遠端同步執行處理的參數值和目錄路徑。

或者，您可以從遠端同步執行處理主機 (例如在多倫多區域) 上的新參數檔開始。

#create a parameter file
vi /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSTOR.ora
*.db_name='DBTOR'
*.db_unique_name='FSTOR'
*.compatible='19.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/controlfs/controlfs.ctl'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/diag/'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/coredump/'
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/audit/'
*.audit_trail='DB'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/fra/'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=250g
*.dg_broker_config_file1='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/dg_broker/fstor_01.dat'
*.dg_broker_config_file2='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/dg_broker/fstor_02.dat'
*.dg_broker_start=TRUE*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=FSTORXDB)'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'

#start the instance with the parameter file
export ORACLE_SID=FSTOR
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSTOR.ora' nomount;

#create an spfile
create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileFSTOR.ora' from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSTOR.ora';

#restart the instance with the spfile
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
select name, db_unique_name, database_role, open_mode from v$database;

在雪梨地區：

#create a parameter file
vi /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSSYD.ora
*.db_name='DBTOR'
*.db_unique_name='FSSYD'
*.compatible='19.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/controlfs/controlfs.ctl'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/diag/'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/coredump/'
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/audit/'
*.audit_trail='DB'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/fra/'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=250g
*.dg_broker_config_file1='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/dg_broker/fssyd_01.dat'
*.dg_broker_config_file2='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/dg_broker/fssyd_02.dat'
*.dg_broker_start=TRUE
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=FSSYDXDB)'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
 
#start the instance with the parameter file
export ORACLE_SID=FSSYD
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSSYD.ora' nomount;
 
#create an spfile
create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileFSSYD.ora' from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSSYD.ora';
 
#restart the instance with the spfile
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
select name, db_unique_name, database_role, open_mode from v$database;

建立資料庫監聽器。

在遠端同步主機上，建立並啟動資料庫監聽器。

在多倫多地區：

vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = farsync-toronto.hubsubnettoront.hubvcntoronto.oraclevcn.com)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )
 
lsnrctl start
lsnrctl services

在雪梨地區：

vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = farsync-sydney.hubsubnetsydney.hubvcnsydney.oraclevcn.com)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )
 
lsnrctl start
lsnrctl services

新增主要和待命 TNS 項目至遠端同步主機。

vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
 
DB_TORONTO=
        (DESCRIPTION=
          (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=vmc1ca-4vzoi-scan.ocidbdelegated.ocivnoffsitedb.oraclevcn.com)(PORT=1521))
          (CONNECT_DATA=
            (SERVER=DEDICATED)
            (SERVICE_NAME=db_toronto.ocidbdelegated.ocivnoffsitedb.oraclevcn.com)
            )
          )
 
DB_SYDNEY=
        (DESCRIPTION=
          (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=abvmc1auseh-glcfo-scan.ociabvnet5subn.ociabvirtualne.oraclevcn.com)(PORT=1521))
          (CONNECT_DATA=
            (SERVER=DEDICATED)
            (SERVICE_NAME=db_sydney.ociabvnet5subn.ociabvirtualne.oraclevcn.com)
            )
          )

新增遠端同步 TSN 項目至主要和待命資料庫主機。

將遠端同步執行處理的 TNS 連線字串加到主要和待命資料庫主機 (在 Exadata VM 叢集的所有主機上) 的 tnsname.ora 檔案。

vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/dbtor/tnsnames.ora
FSTOR =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = farsync-toronto)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = FSTOR)
    )
  )
 
FSSYD =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = farsync-sydney)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = FSSYD)
    )
  )
 
#test the connectivity
sqlplus SYS@FSTOR as sysdba
show parameter instance_name
 
sqlplus SYS@FSSYD as sysdba
show parameter instance_name
 
#if the connection fails, make sure port 1521 is open on the Far Sync instance hosts
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=1521/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

新增與啟用遠端同步執行處理至 Active Data Guard 組態。

使用作用中資料保全中介，在連線至主要資料庫時，將遠端同步執行處理新增至現有的作用中資料保全組態。

dgmgrl SYS as sysdba
DGMGRL> ADD FAR_SYNC FSTOR AS CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS FSTOR;
DGMGRL> ENABLE FAR_SYNC fstor;
 
DGMGRL> ADD FAR_SYNC FSSYD AS CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS FSSYD;
DGMGRL> ENABLE FAR_SYNC fssyd;

編輯作用中資料保全中介的 RedoRoutes 特性。

使用作用中資料保全中介的 RedoRoutes 特性來設定主要資料庫，以 FastSync 模式將重做傳輸至本機遠端同步執行處理，以及以 ASYNC 模式將重做轉送至遠端待命資料庫。

EDIT DATABASE 'db_toronto' SET PROPERTY RedoRoutes = '( LOCAL : ( fstor FASTSYNC PRIORITY=1, db_sydney ASYNC PRIORITY=2 ))';
EDIT FAR_SYNC 'fstor' SET PROPERTY RedoRoutes = '( db_toronto : db_sydney ASYNC )';
 
EDIT DATABASE 'db_sydney' SET PROPERTY RedoRoutes = '( LOCAL : ( fssyd FASTSYNC PRIORITY=1, db_toronto ASYNC PRIORITY=2 ))';
EDIT FAR_SYNC 'fssyd' SET PROPERTY RedoRoutes = '( db_sydney : db_toronto ASYNC )';

現在會相應地設定主要、待命和遠端同步執行處理的資料庫 log_archive_dest_n 參數。

變更作用中資料保全組態保護模式。

將作用中資料保全組態的保護模式提高至「最大可用性」。

DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROTECTION MODE AS MAXAVAILABILITY;

檢查作用中資料保全組態。

檢查組態。

DGMGRL> show configuration
 
Configuration - dbtor_dgconf
 
  Protection Mode: MaxAvailability
  Members:
  db_toronto - Primary database
    fstor      - Far sync instance
      db_sydney  - Physical standby database
 
  Members Not Receiving Redo:
  fssyd      - Far sync instance
 
Fast-Start Failover:  Disabled
 
Configuration Status:
SUCCESS   (status updated 57 seconds ago)

附註：

一開始，遠端遠端遠端遠端同步執行處理會顯示「警告：ORA-16789：設定的待命重做日誌不正確」警告，直到它第一次收到重做資料 (在角色切換之後或暫時變更重做路由組態以傳送資料至遠端遠端遠端遠端遠端遠端同步執行處理為止)。

在切換之後檢查組態。

DGMGRL> show configuration
 
Configuration - dbtor_dgconf
 
  Protection Mode: MaxAvailability
  Members:
  db_sydney  - Primary database
    fssyd      - Far sync instance
      db_toronto - Physical standby database
 
  Members Not Receiving Redo:
  fstor      - Far sync instance
 
Fast-Start Failover:  Disabled
 
Configuration Status:
SUCCESS   (status updated 54 seconds ago)