部署 Active Data Guard Far Sync 執行處理

從「主要」資料庫建立「遠端同步」控制檔，並將其複製到「遠端同步」主機。

SQL> alter database create far sync instance controlfile as '/home/oracle/controlfs.ctl';

將新建立的控制檔複製到「遠端同步」執行處理主機。

scp -p controlfs.ctl farsync-region1:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/controlfs/
scp -p controlfs.ctl farsync-region2:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/controlfs/

使用「遠端同步」執行處理名稱，將「主要」資料庫的密碼檔複製到遠端同步主機。

在此範例中，主要區域 (Region 1) 中的 Far Sync 實例將命名為 FSTOR。因此，密碼檔的名稱將會是 orapwFSTOR。

# check the location of the password file
SQL> select file_name from v$passwordfile_info;
                    
# as grid user, copy the file from ASM to the local filesystem
asmcmd -p
cp +DATAC2/DB_REGION1/PASSWORD/pwddb_region1.421.1185102507 /home/grid/orapw
                   
# as root user, change the owner of the password file to oracle user
cp /home/grid/orapw /home/oracle/
chown oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/orapw
                    
# copy the files to the Far Sync instance hosts using the new names "orapwFSTOR" and "orapwFSSYD"
scp -p /home/oracle/orapw farsync-region1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwFSTOR
scp -p /home/oracle/orapw farsync-region2:/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwFSSYD

從「主要」資料庫建立「遠端同步」執行處理的參數檔，將其複製到「遠端同步」執行處理主機，然後調整參數以反映「遠端同步」執行處理的參數值和目錄路徑。或者，您也可以在 Far Sync 執行處理主機 (例如「主要」區域) 上使用新的參數檔案啟動。

在主要區域 (FSTOR)：

# create a parameter file
vi /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSTOR.ora
*.db_name='DBTOR'
*.db_unique_name='FSTOR'
*.compatible='19.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/controlfs/controlfs.ctl'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/diag/'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/coredump/'
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/audit/'
*.audit_trail='DB'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/fra/'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=250g
*.dg_broker_config_file1='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/dg_broker/fstor_01.dat'
*.dg_broker_config_file2='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fstor/dg_broker/fstor_02.dat'
*.dg_broker_start=TRUE*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=FSTORXDB)'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
                            
# start the instance with the parameter file
export ORACLE_SID=FSTOR
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSTOR.ora' nomount;
                            
# create an spfile
create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileFSTOR.ora' from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSTOR.ora';
                            
# restart the instance with the spfile
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
select name, db_unique_name, database_role, open_mode from v$database;

在「待命」區域 (FSSYD)：

# create a parameter file
vi /u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSSYD.ora
*.db_name='DBTOR'
*.db_unique_name='FSSYD'
*.compatible='19.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/controlfs/controlfs.ctl'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/diag/'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/coredump/'
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/audit/'
*.audit_trail='DB'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/fra/'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=250g
*.dg_broker_config_file1='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/dg_broker/fssyd_01.dat'
*.dg_broker_config_file2='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/fssyd/dg_broker/fssyd_02.dat'
*.dg_broker_start=TRUE
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=FSSYDXDB)'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
                            
# start the instance with the parameter file
export ORACLE_SID=FSSYD
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSSYD.ora' nomount;
                            
# create an spfile
create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileFSSYD.ora' from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/init_FSSYD.ora';
                            
# restart the instance with the spfile
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
select name, db_unique_name, database_role, open_mode from v$database;

在每個「遠端同步」主機上建立並啟動資料庫監聽器。

在主要區域中：

vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = farsync-region1.hubsubnetregion1.hubvcnregion1.oraclevcn.com)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )
                            
lsnrctl start
lsnrctl services

在「待命」區域中：

vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = farsync-region2.hubsubnetregion2.hubvcnregion2.oraclevcn.com)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )
                            
lsnrctl start
lsnrctl services

在遠端同步主機上新增主要和待命 TNS 項目。

vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
                    
DB_REGION1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vmc1ca-4vzoi-scan.ocidbdelegated.ocivnoffsitedb.oraclevcn.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = db_region1.ocidbdelegated.ocivnoffsitedb.oraclevcn.com)
    )
  )

DB_REGION2 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = abvmc1auseh-glcfo-scan.ociabvnet5subn.ociabvirtualne.oraclevcn.com)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = db_region2.ociabvnet5subn.ociabvirtualne.oraclevcn.com)
    )
  )

在主要和待命資料庫主機上新增遠端同步 TNS 項目，以及測試連線。

將 Far Sync 執行處理的 TNS 連線字串新增至主要和待命資料庫主機 (Exadata VM 叢集的所有主機) 上的 tnsname.ora 檔案。

vi $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/dbtor/tnsnames.ora
FSTOR =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = farsync-region1)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = FSTOR)
    )
  )

FSSYD =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = farsync-region2)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = FSSYD)
    )
  )
# Test the connectivity
sqlplus SYS@FSTOR as sysdba
show parameter instance_name

sqlplus SYS@FSSYD as sysdba
show parameter instance_name

# If the connection fails, ensure port 1521 is open on Far Sync hosts
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=1521/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

在作用中資料保全中介組態 (從主要資料庫) 中新增並啟用遠端同步執行處理。

使用作用中資料保全中介，在連線至主要資料庫時，將遠端同步執行處理新增至現有的作用中資料保全組態。

dgmgrl SYS as sysdba

DGMGRL> ADD FAR_SYNC FSTOR AS CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS FSTOR;
DGMGRL> ENABLE FAR_SYNC FSTOR;

DGMGRL> ADD FAR_SYNC FSSYD AS CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS FSSYD;
DGMGRL> ENABLE FAR_SYNC FSSYD;

在中介中設定主要資料庫和「遠端同步」執行處理的 RedoRoutes 特性。

使用 Active Data Guard 中介的 RedoRoutes 特性來設定「主要」資料庫，以 FastSync 模式將 redo 傳輸至本機 Far Sync 執行處理，以及使用「遠端同步」執行處理，以 ASYNC 模式將 redo 轉送至遠端待命資料庫。

DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE 'db_region1' SET PROPERTY RedoRoutes = '( LOCAL : ( FSTOR FASTSYNC PRIORITY=1, db_region2 ASYNC PRIORITY=2 ))';
DGMGRL> EDIT FAR_SYNC 'FSTOR' SET PROPERTY RedoRoutes = '( db_region1 : db_region2 ASYNC )';

DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE 'db_region2' SET PROPERTY RedoRoutes = '( LOCAL : ( FSSYD FASTSYNC PRIORITY=1, db_region1 ASYNC PRIORITY=2 ))';
DGMGRL> EDIT FAR_SYNC 'FSSYD' SET PROPERTY RedoRoutes = '( db_region2 : db_region1 ASYNC )';

會相應地設定主要、待命和遠端同步執行處理的資料庫 log_archive_dest_n 參數。

將組態保護模式變更為 Maximum Availability。

DGMGRL> EDIT CONFIGURATION SET PROTECTION MODE AS MAXAVAILABILITY;

勾選作用中資料保全組態。

DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION

Configuration - dbtor_dgconf

Protection Mode: MaxAvailability
Members:
  db_region1 - Primary database
  fstor      - Far sync instance
  db_region2  - Physical standby database

Members Not Receiving Redo:
  fssyd      - Far sync instance

Fast-Start Failover:  Disabled

Configuration Status:
  SUCCESS   (status updated 57 seconds ago)

附註：

遠端「遠端遠端同步」執行處理一開始可能會顯示 Warning: ORA-16789: standby redo logs configured incorrectly，直到第一次收到 redo 資料為止。例如，在角色切換或暫時更新 redo 路由之後。

切換之後請檢查組態。

DGMGRL> SHOW CONFIGURATION

Configuration - dbtor_dgconf

Protection Mode: MaxAvailability
Members:
  db_region2  - Primary database
  fssyd      - Far sync instance
  db_region1 - Physical standby database

Members Not Receiving Redo:
  fstor      - Far sync instance

Fast-Start Failover:  Disabled

Configuration Status:
  SUCCESS   (status updated 54 seconds ago)

部署作用中資料保全遠端同步執行處理