1. 為內部部署資料庫部署混合 DR 拓樸
  2. 使用 RMAN 建立待命執行處理

使用 RMAN 建立待命執行處理

您可以使用 Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN)，從主要資料庫建立待命雲端執行處理。

建立存檔日誌

查看內部部署 Oracle 伺服器的日誌模式。如果處於 NOARCHIVELOG 模式，請將其變更為 ARCHIVELOG 模式以建立封存日誌。

  1. 檢視內部部署伺服器的日誌模式。
    SQL> select log_mode from v$database;
    當日誌模式處於 NOARCHIVELOG 模式時，輸出會看起來與下列類似：
    LOG_MODE
------------
NOARCHIVELOG
  2. 關閉內部部署執行處理。 
    SQL> shutdown immediate;
    輸出將與下列類似：
    Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
  3. 掛載內部部署資料庫。
    SQL> startup mount;
    輸出將與下列類似：
    ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4966054520 bytes
Fixed Size		    9144952 bytes
Variable Size		  922746880 bytes
Database Buffers	 4026531840 bytes
Redo Buffers		    7630848 bytes
Database mounted.
  4. 更改資料庫存檔日誌，然後開啟資料庫。
    SQL> alter database archivelog;
    SQL> alter database open;
  5. 將日誌模式變更為 ARCHIVELOG。
    SQL> select log_mode from v$database;
    LOG_MODE
------------
ARCHIVELOG
  6. 顯示存檔日誌清單。
    SQL> archive log list;
    輸出將與下列類似：
    Database log mode	       Archive Mode
Automatic archival	       Enabled
Archive destination	       /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence     10
Next log sequence to archive   12
Current log sequence	       12
  7. 將所有日誌存檔。
    SQL> archive log all;
    ORA-00271:there are no logs that need archiving

在 OCI 上建立待命資料庫

您可以使用 Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) 來複製 Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) 上的作用中主要資料庫。或者，您可以從主要資料庫的備份複製。

  1. 使用 srvctl 公用程式停止資料庫，或使用 SQL*Plus 關閉資料庫。
    • $ srvctl stop database -d standby DB_UNIQUE_NAME -o immediate
    • Shutdown immediate;
  2. 連線資料庫。
    $ rman target /
RMAN> startup nomount;
  3. 從主要服務回復待命控制檔。
    在此範例中，ORCLCDB 是主要的內部部署資料庫。
    RMAN> restore standby controlfile from service 'ORCLCDB';
  4. 如果出現下列錯誤訊息，請重新連線至資料庫。
    RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 09/24/2020 21:10:13
RMAN-06496: must use the TO clause when the database is mounted or open
    1. 關閉資料庫
      RMAN> shutdown;
    2. 連線資料庫
      RMAN> startup nomount;
  5. 使用資料庫控制檔 (而非復原目錄) 來回復。
    RMAN> restore standby controlfile from service 'ORCLCDB';
    輸出將與下列類似：
    Starting restore at DD-MM-YY
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=182 device type=DISK 
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
output file name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB_iad1s3/control01.ctl
output file name=/u03/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB_IAD1S3/control02.ctl
Finished restore at DD-MM-YY
  6. 掛載資料庫。
    RMAN> alter database mount;
  7. 如果出現類似下列的錯誤訊息，請重新連線至資料庫。
    如果沒有收到錯誤訊息，請移至步驟 8。
    Released channel: ORA_DISK_1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 09/24/2020 21:13:41
RMAN-06189: current DBID 2822997440 does not match target mounted database (2823031995)
    1. 關閉資料庫
      RMAN> shutdown immediate;
      輸出將與下列類似：
      database dismounted
Oracle instance shutdown
    2. 連線資料庫
      RMAN> startup nomount;
      輸出將與下列類似：
      connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance startedTotal System Global Area 14495511760 bytesFixed Size 9151696 bytes
Variable Size 1912602624 bytes
Database Buffers 12549357568 bytes
Redo Buffers 24399872 bytes
    3. 設定資料庫 ID。
      RMAN> set DBID=2823031995;
      輸出將與下列類似：
      executing command: SET DBID
  8. 以 OCI 執行處理的 root 身分，將 Oracle 目錄的權限變更為開啟 (chmod 777)。
    [root@drdb opc]# sudo su
[root@drdb opc]# cd /opt/
[root@drdb opt]# ls -lrt
total 8
drwx------ 7 root root 4096 Sep 12 00:39 zookeeper
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Sep 12 00:51 oracle
[root@drdb opt]# chmod 777 oracle/
[root@drdb opt]# ls -lrt
total 8
drwx------ 7 root root 4096 Sep 12 00:39 zookeeper
drwxrwxrwx 6 root root 4096 Sep 12 00:51 oracle
  9. 從主要資料庫 (ORCLCDB) 回復資料庫。
    RMAN> restore database from service 'ORCLCDB' section size 5G;
    完成交叉檢查備份和交叉檢查複製之後，輸出中就會顯示目錄檔案的清單，類似以下所示：
    Starting restore at 01-SEP-20
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 01-SEP-20
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=184 device type=DISK
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 01-SEP-20

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 01-SEP-20
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 01-SEP-20

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u03/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB_IAD1S3/archivelog/2020_08_27/o1_mf_1_3_hngo1gl6_.arc
File Name: /u03/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB_IAD1S3/archivelog/2020_08_27/o1_mf_1_1_hngnvtgb_.arc
File Name: /u03/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLCDB_IAD1S3/archivelog/2020_08_27/o1_mf_1_2_hngnwdfd_.arc

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: using network backup set from service ORCLCDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012 to /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/ORCLPDB1/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring section 1 of 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 01-SEP-20
  10. 關閉資料庫。
    RMAN> Shutdown immediate;
  11. 使用「伺服器控制」(srvctl) 公用程式或 SQL*Plus 來重新啟動待命資料庫。
    • 使用 srvctl 公用程式啟動資料庫： 
      srvctl start instance -d standby DB_UNIQUE_NAME -i standby instance name -o mount
    • 使用 SQL*Plus 啟動資料庫：
      $ ./sqlplus / as sysdba
  12. 掛載資料庫。
    SQL> startup mount
    輸出將與下列類似：
    ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.4496E+10 bytes
Fixed Size		    9151696 bytes
Variable Size		 1912602624 bytes
Database Buffers	 1.2549E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers		   24399872 bytes
Database mounted.
  13. 更改資料庫。
    SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
    Database altered.
  14. 檢視資料庫的角色、繫線編號、序號和動作。
    SQL> SELECT ROLE, THREAD#, SEQUENCE#, ACTION FROM V$DATAGUARD_PROCESS;
    輸出將與下列類似：
    ROLE			    THREAD#  SEQUENCE# ACTION
------------------------ ---------- ---------- ------------
post role transition		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery apply slave		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery apply slave		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery apply slave		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery apply slave		  0	     0 IDLE
recovery logmerger		  1	     7 WAIT_FOR_LOG
managed recovery		  0	     0 IDLE
archive redo			  0	     0 IDLE
archive local			  0	     0 IDLE
redo transport timer		  0	     0 IDLE
gap manager			  0	     0 IDLE
archive redo			  0	     0 IDLE
archive redo			  0	     0 IDLE
redo transport monitor	0	     0 IDLE
log writer			  0	     0 IDLE

15 rows selected.
  15. (選擇性) 檢視資料庫名稱和角色。 
    SQL> select name, database_role from v$database;
    輸出將與下列類似：
    NAME	  DATABASE_ROLE
--------- ----------------
ORCLCDB   PHYSICAL STANDBY
  16. 以 sysdba 身分清除所有線上待命 redo 日誌
    $ sqlplus “/ as sysdba” 
SQL> alter system set db_create_online_log_dest_1=<DATA Disk group>; 
SQL> set pagesize 0 feedback off linesize 120 trimspool on 
SQL> spool /tmp/clearlogs.sql 
SQL> select distinct 'alter database clear logfile group '||group#||';' from v$logfile; 
SQL> spool off 
SQL> @/tmp/clearlogs.sql 
SQL> select member from v$logfile;

新增 RAC 執行處理至 tnsnames.ora 檔案

對於 Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC)，請將 Oracle RAC 執行處理新增至 tnsnames.ora，然後重新啟動監聽器。無法以混合組態中的任一方向解析掃描名稱，因此必須設定位址清單以提供高可用性。

  1. 編輯內部部署資料庫主機上的 TNSNAMES.ORA 檔案。
    Primary db_unique_name = (DESCRIPTION = 
(SDU=65536) (RECV_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(SEND_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
		   (FAILOVER=on)
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT=3)(RETRY_COUNT=3)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = PrimaryDB Node 1IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 2IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVER = DEDICATED) 
(SERVICE_NAME = Primary_db_SID) 
(UR=A) 
)) 

Standby db_unique_name = (DESCRIPTION = 
(SDU=65536) (RECV_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(SEND_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
		   (FAILOVER=on)
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT=3)(RETRY_COUNT=3)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 1IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 2IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVER = DEDICATED) 
(SERVICE_NAME = Primary_db_SID) 
(UR=A) 
))
  2. 編輯 Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) 中待命資料庫主機上的 TNSNAMES.ORA 檔案。
    Standby db_unique_name = (DESCRIPTION = 
(SDU=65536) (RECV_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(SEND_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
		   (FAILOVER=on)
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT=3)(RETRY_COUNT=3)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 1IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 2IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVER = DEDICATED) 
(SERVICE_NAME = Primary_db_SID) 
(UR=A) 
)) 

<Primary db_unique_name> = (DESCRIPTION = 
(SDU=65536) (RECV_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(SEND_BUF_SIZE=134217728) 
(ADDRESS_LIST = 
		   (FAILOVER=on)
(CONNECT_TIMEOUT=3)(RETRY_COUNT=3)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = PrimaryDB Node 1IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = StandbyDB Node 2IP address)(PORT = {1521|port#})) 
) 
(CONNECT_DATA = 
(SERVER = DEDICATED) 
(SERVICE_NAME = Primary_db_SID) 
(UR=A) 
))