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GLOSSARY

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

action
A user-initiated step taken to resolve an incident.
alphanumeric number type
An option for numbering documents, employees, and suppliers where assigned numbers can contain letters as well as numbers.
alternate bill of material
An alternate list of component items you can use to produce an assembly.
alternate routing
An alternate manufacturing process you can use to produce an assembly.
alternate unit of measure
All other units of measure defined for an item, excluding the primary unit of measure.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute which establishes national standards for the United States. The parent organization for X12 and also serves as the North American representative to ISO (International Standards Organization).
application building block
A set of tables and modules (forms, reports, and concurrent programs) that implement closely-related entities and their processing.
approve
An action you take to indicate that you consider the contents of the purchasing document to be correct. If the document passes the submission tests and you have sufficient authority, Purchasing approves the document.
assembly completion pull transaction
A material transaction where you backflush components from inventory to work in process as you complete the operation where the component is consumed. See operation completion pull transaction.
assembly completion transaction
A material transaction where you receive assemblies into inventory from a job or schedule upon completion of the manufacture of the assembly.
assembly scrap transaction
A move transaction where you charge a scrap account as you move assemblies into a Scrap intraoperation step. This reduces the value of your discrete job.
asset item
Anything you make, purchase, or sell including components, subassemblies, finished products, or supplies which carries a cost and is valued in your asset subinventories.
asset subinventory
Subdivision of an organization, representing either a physical area or a logical grouping of items, such as a storeroom where quantity balances are maintained for all items and values are maintained for asset items.
ATT
See available to transact.
Available To Transact (ATT)
Quantity on hand less all reservations for the item which may be transferred within or out of inventory.

B

backflush operation
A routing operation where you backflush component items.
backflush transaction
A material transaction that automatically issues component items into work in process from inventory when you move or complete the assembly. Also known as post-deduct or pull. See pull transaction
bill of material
A list of component items associated with a parent item and information about how each item relates to the parent item. Oracle Manufacturing supports standard, model, option class, and planning bills. The item information on a bill depends on the item type and bill type. The most common type of bill is a standard bill of material. A standard bill of material lists the components associated with a product or subassembly. It specifies the required quantity for each component plus other information to control work in process, material planning, and other Oracle Manufacturing functions. Also known as product structures.
bill-to address
The customer's billing address. It is also known as invoice-to address. It is used as a level of detail when defining a forecast. If a forecast has a bill-to address associated with it, a sales order only consumes that forecast if the bill-to address is the same.
bill/routing reference
A bill or routing you assign to non-standard discrete jobs. You use the bill reference to create the material requirements for the job. You use the routing reference to create the routing for the job.
BOM item type
An item classification that determines the items you can use as components in a bill of material. BOM Item types include standard, model, option class, and planning items.
business application
Software that performs a particular business function or group of functions (accounts payable, for example).
business document
A document used for conducting business between two trading partners -- a purchase order or invoice, for example.
business purpose
The function a particular customer location serves. For example, you would assign the business purpose of Ship To an address if you ship to that address. If you also send invoices to that address, you could also assign the business purpose Bill To. Each customer location must serve at least one function.

C

cancelled job
A discrete job you no longer want to work on. You cannot make transactions, move assemblies, or apply or update costs.
closed job
A discrete job that is unavailable for charges or any type of transaction. Closing a job calculates final costs and variances and creates history for the job.
column headings
Descriptions of the contents of each column in the report.
committed amount
The amount you agree to spend with a supplier.
common bill of material
An assembly that uses the bill of material of another assembly as its bill. This enables you to reduce your maintenance effort by sharing the same bill structure among two or more assemblies. For example, if you have identical bills of material that produce the same product in two different organizations, you can define common bills of material for the identical structures.
common routing
A routing that uses the routing of another assembly as its routing. This enables you to reduce your maintenance effort by sharing the same routing and operations for two or more assemblies.
completed job
A discrete job whose quantity planned equals the number of assemblies actually completed.
completion date
The date you plan to complete production of the assemblies in a discrete job.
completion locator
An inventory location within a completion subinventory where you receive completed assemblies from work in process.
completion subinventory
An inventory location at the end of your production line where you receive completed assemblies from work in process. Often this is the supply subinventory for subassemblies or finished goods inventories for final assemblies.
component
A serviceable item that is a part or feature in another serviceable item. Your customers cannot report service requests against this type of serviceable item directly. You can reference components when you enter service requests against actual end item-type serviceable items, or products. For example, if you define three inventory items, A, B, and C, where A and B are products (end item-type serviceable items) but C is a component (non-end item-type serviceable item) of A, you can enter service requests against A and B directly, but not against C. When you enter a service request against product A, you can reference C because it is a component of A. See also standard component.
component item
An item associated with a parent item on a bill of material.
concurrent manager
Components of your applications concurrent processing facility that monitor and run time-consuming tasks for you without tying up your terminal. Whenever you submit a request, such as running a report, a concurrent manager does the work for you, letting you perform many tasks simultaneously.
concurrent process
A task in the process of completing. Each time you submit a task, you create a new concurrent process. A concurrent process runs simultaneously with other concurrent processes (and other activities on your computer) to help you complete multiple tasks at once with no interruptions to your terminal.
concurrent queue
A list of concurrent requests awaiting completion by a concurrent manager. Each concurrent manager has a queue of requests waiting in line. If your system administrator sets up simultaneous queuing, your request can wait to run in more than one queue.
concurrent request
A request to complete a task for you. You issue a request whenever you submit a task, such as running a report. Once you submit a task, the concurrent manager automatically takes over for you, completing your request without further involvement from you, or interruption to your work. Concurrent managers process your request according to when you submit the request and the priority you assign to your request. If you do not assign a priority to your request, your application prioritizes the request for you.
configuration
A product a customer orders by choosing a base model and a list of options. It can be shipped as individual pieces as a set (kit) or as an assembly (configuration item).
configuration bill of material
The bill of material for a configuration item.
configuration item
The item that corresponds to a base model and a specific list of options. Bills of Material creates a configuration item for assemble-to-order models.
configurator
A form that allows you to choose options available for a particular model, thus defining a particular configuration for the model.
configure-to-order
An environment where you enter customer orders by choosing a base model and then selecting options from a list of choices.
cotermination
Setting the same end date for all ordered or renewed service programs.
current date
The present system date.
customer location
See customer address.
customer product
An entity that identifies a serviceable item or customer product. The customer product identifies not only the product and the customer, but also the product quantity, the product's serial number (if the product is under serial number control and has been assigned a serial number), the location of the product, the various contacts, such as service administration, support, and bill-to associated with the product. A customer may have several of the same customer products.
customer site
A specific area or place, such as a building or a floor on a building, at a customer address. A customer address may have one or more related customer sites.

D

database diagram
A graphic representation of application tables and the relationships among them.
database view
Provides access to an underlying database table. You do not need to know how the data is stored to use a database view. There are two types associated with Oracle Quality: the collection plan results and the collection import results database views.
delayed service order
An order for service against existing customer products. The service order is 'delayed' because service is ordered later than the product is ordered.
depot repair
A process used to track items returned by a customer for repair or replacement.
discrete job
A production order for the manufacture of a specific (discrete) quantity of an assembly, using specific materials and resources, in a limited time. A discrete job collects the costs of production and allows you to report those costs--including variances--by job. Also known as work order or assembly order.
discrete manufacturing
A manufacturing environment where you build assemblies in discrete jobs or batches. Different from a repetitive production environment where you build assemblies on production or assembly lines at a daily rate.

E

engineering change order (ECO)
A record of revisions to one or more items usually released by engineering.
entity
A data object that holds information for an application.
event alert
An alert that runs when a specific event occurs that you define. For example, you can define an event alert to immediately send a message to the buyer if an item is rejected on inspection.
expense item
Anything you make, purchase, or sell including components, subassemblies, finished products, or supplies and that does not carry a cost. Also known as a non-asset item.
expense subinventory
Subdivision of an organization, representing either a physical area or a logical grouping of items, such as a storeroom where no value exists but the quantities may be tracked.

F

finished good
Any item subject to a customer order or forecast. See also product
flexfield segment
One of the parts of your key flexfield, separated from the other parts by a symbol you choose (such as -, /, or \). Each segment typically represents a cost center, company, item family, or color code.
freight carrier
A commercial company used to send item shipments from one address to another.

G

H

I

incident
An entry logged in Oracle Service to record a customer's request for product service. You can log a different incident for each issue a customer reports including questions about products, problems using the products, requests for preventive maintenance, and requests for service contract renewals.
included item
A standard mandatory component in a bill, indicating that it ships (if shippable) whenever its parent item is shipped. Included items are components of models, kits, and option classes.
inspection
A procedure you perform to ensure that items received conform to your quality standards. You can use inspections to prevent payment for goods and services that fail to meet your quality standards.
inventory item
Items you stock in inventory. You control inventory for inventory items by quantity and value. Typically, the inventory item remains an asset until you consume it. You recognize the cost of an inventory item as an expense when you consume it or sell it. You generally value the inventory for an item by multiplying the item standard cost by the quantity on hand.
inventory organization
An organization that tracks inventory transactions and balances, and/or that manufactures or distributes products.
inventory transaction
A record of material movement. The basic information for a transaction includes the item number, the quantity moved, the transaction amount, the accounting flexfields, and the date. See material transaction
issue transaction
A material transaction to issue component items from inventory to work in process.
item
Anything you make, purchase, or sell, including components, subassemblies, finished products, or supplies. Oracle Manufacturing also uses items to represent planning items that you can forecast, standard lines that you can include on invoices, and option classes you can use to group options in model and option class bills.
item attribute control level
To maintain item attributes at the item master attribute level or the organization specific level by defining item attribute control consistent with your company policies. For example, if your company determines serial number control at headquarters regardless of where items are used, you define and maintain serial number attribute control at the item master level. If each organization maintains serial number control locally, they maintain those attributes at the organization specific level.
item master level attribute
An item attribute you control at the item master level as opposed to controlling at the organization level.
item sequence
The sequence of the component item on the bill of material used to sort components on reports.
item specification
See specification type.
item status
Code used to control the transaction activity of an item.

J

job status
An Oracle Manufacturing function that lets you describe various stages in the life cycle of a discrete job and control activities that you can perform on the job.

K

kit
An item that has a standard list of components (or included items) you ship when you process an order for that item. A kit is similar to a pick-to-order model because it has shippable components, but it has no options and you order it directly by its item number, not using the configuration selection screen.

L

locator
Physical area within a subinventory where you store material, such as a row, aisle, bin, or shelf.
lot
A specific batch of an item identified by a number.
lot control
An Oracle Manufacturing technique for enforcing use of lot numbers during material transactions thus enabling the tracking of batches of items throughout their movement in and out of inventory.

M

mandatory component
A component in a bill that is not optional. Bills of Material distinguishes required components from options in model and option class bills of material. Mandatory components in pick-to-order model bills are often referred to as included items, especially if they are shippable.
mass change order
A record of a plan to replace, delete, or update one or more component items in many bills of material at the same time.
material transaction
Transfer between, issue from, receipt to, or adjustment to an inventory organization, subinventory, or locator. Receipt of completed assemblies into inventory from a job or repetitive schedule. Issue of component items from inventory to work in process.
model bill of material
A bill of material for a model item. A model bill lists option classes and options available when you place an order for the model item.
model item
An item whose bill of material lists options and option classes available when you place an order for the model item.
module
A program or procedure that implements one or more business functions, or parts of a business function in an application. Modules include forms, concurrent programs, and subroutines.

N

non-standard discrete job
A type of discrete job that controls material and resources and collects costs for a wide variety of miscellaneous manufacturing activities. These activities can include rework, field service repair, upgrade, disassembly, maintenance, engineering prototypes, and other projects. Non-standard jobs do not earn material overhead upon assembly completion.
non-standard expense job
A type of non-standard job expensed at the close of each accounting period. Typical expense jobs include maintenance and repair.
numeric number type
An option for numbering documents, employees, and suppliers where assigned numbers contain only numbers.

O

on-hand quantity
The physical quantity of an item existing in inventory.
on hold job/schedule
A job or repetitive schedule not accepting further activity and is therefore untransactable.
open interface
A Manufacturing function that lets you import or export data from other systems through an open interface. An example is a bar code reader device accumulating data you later import into your manufacturing system for further processing.
open requirement
A WIP material requirement you have not yet transacted to a discrete job or repetitive schedule. It equates to the component quantity required less any quantity issued.
operation
A step in a manufacturing process where you perform work on, add value to, and consume department resources for an assembly.
operation completion pull transaction
A material transaction where you backflush components from inventory to work in process as you complete the operation where the component is consumed. See also backflush transaction
operation completion transaction
A move transaction from one operation to the next where you have completed building the assembly at that operation. In this process, you can also charge resources and overheads and backflush component items.
operation sequence
A number that orders operations in a routing relative to each other.
option
An optional item component in an option class or model bill of material.
option class bill of material
A bill of material for an option class item that contains a list of related options.
option class item
An item whose bill of material contains a list of related options.
option dependent operation
An operation in a model or option class item's routing that appears in a configuration item routing only if the configuration contains an option that references that operation.
order date
The date an order for goods or services is entered. See also work order date.
organization
A business unit such as a plant, warehouse, division, department, and so on. Order Entry refers to organizations as warehouses on all Order Entry windows and reports.
organization-specific level attribute
An item attribute you control at the organization level.
outside processing
Performing work on a discrete job or repetitive schedule using resources provided by a supplier.

P

pending
A status where a process or transaction is waiting to be completed.
physical inventory
A periodic reconciliation of item counts with system on-hand quantities.
pick list
A report that lists all component requirements sorted by supply type for a particular discrete job, repetitive schedule or production line.
pick-to-order
A configure-to-order environment where the options and included items in a model appear on pick slips and order pickers gather the options when they ship the order. Alternative to manufacturing the parent item on a work order and then shipping it. Pick-to-order is also an item attribute that you can apply to standard, model, and option class items.
picking rule
A user-defined set of criteria to define the priorities Order Entry uses when picking items out of finished goods inventory to ship to a customer. Picking rules are defined in Oracle Inventory.
primary bill of material
A list of the components you most frequently use to build a product. The primary bill is the default bill for rolling up costs, defining a job, and calculating cumulative item lead times. Master Scheduling/MRP uses this bill to plan your material.
primary routing
A list of the operations you most frequently perform to build a product. The primary routing is the default routing for defining a job and calculating manufacturing lead times.
process
A set of Oracle Workflow activities that need to be performed to accomplish a business goal. See also Account Generator, process activity, process definition.
process activity
An Oracle Workflow process modelled as an activity so that it can be referenced by other processes; also known as a subprocess. See also process.
process definition
An Oracle Workflow process as defined in the Oracle Workflow Builder. See also process.
product
A finished item that you sell. See also finished good.
profile option
A set of changeable options that affect the way your applications run. In general, profile options can be set at one or more of the following levels: site, application, responsibility, and user.
protection level
In Oracle Workflow, a numeric value ranging from 0 to 1000 that represents who the data is protected from for modification. When workflow data is defined, it can either be set to customizable (1000), meaning anyone can modify it, or it can be assigned a protection level that is equal to the access level of the user defining the data. In the latter case, only users operating at an access level equal to or lower than the data's protection level can modify the data. See also Account Generator.
pull transaction
A material transaction that automatically issues component items into work in process from inventory when you move or complete the assembly. Also known as post-deduct or backflush. See backflush transaction
purchased assembly
An assembly that you normally buy.
purchased item
An item that you buy and receive. If an item is also an inventory item, you may also be able to stock it. See also inventory item.
push transaction
A material transaction to issue component items from inventory to work in process before you manufacture the assembly.

Q

quantity completed
For an operation on a discrete job or repetitive schedule, the quantity of the assembly that you transacted beyond the Run intraoperation step. For a discrete job or repetitive schedule, the quantity of the assembly that you received into inventory.
quantity in operation
The quantity of an assembly in an operation on a discrete job or repetitive schedule. This includes the quantities in each of the intraoperation steps.
quantity issued
The quantity of a component item issued from inventory to a discrete job r repetitive schedule to fulfill a WIP material requirement.
quantity rejected
The number of items you reject after inspection.
quantity remaining
The quantity of an assembly remaining to be completed at an operation in a discrete job or repetitive schedule. This is the sum of the quantities in all intraoperation steps at all operations before the current operation, plus the quantities in the Queue and Run intraoperation steps at the current operation.
queue
An intraoperation step in an operation where assemblies are waiting to be worked on. The default intraoperation step for every operation in a routing.

R

reject
An intraoperation step in an operation where you can record assemblies that require rework or need to be scrapped.
released job/schedule
A discrete job or repetitive schedule that you have signified available to be worked on and transactable.
renewal order
An order containing service order lines to renew or extend existing services applied to products.
requisition
See purchase requisition and internal sales order
return material authorization (RMA)
Permission for a customer to return items. Receivables allows you to authorize the return of your sales orders as well as sales made by other dealers or suppliers, as long as the items are part of your item master and price list.
revised component
Component changes to an assembly that is a revised item on an ECO.
revised item
Any item you change on an engineering change order. Revised items may be purchased items, subassemblies, finished goods.
revised item status
A classification you can use to track and control a revised item's life cycle. Revised item statuses include Open, Released, Scheduled, Hold, Implemented, and Cancelled.
revision
A particular version of an item, bill of material, or routing.
revision control
An inventory control option that tracks inventory by item revision and forces you to specify a revision for each material transaction.
revision quantity control
A condition placed on an item that ensures that you always identify an item by its number and its revision. Certain items require tighter controls than other. For instance, you may want to control the quantities you have in inventory for an item by revision. For another item, you may just want to know the quantities you have on hand across all revisions. You keep track of inventory quantities by revision when an item is under revision quantity control. You keep track of inventory quantities by item when an item is not under revision quantity control.
route sheet
A report that provides full routing, operation, resource, and material requirement details for jobs and repetitive schedules. Typically used to know how, when, where, and who builds an assembly. Also known as traveler.
routing
A sequence of manufacturing operations that you perform to manufacture an assembly. A routing consists of an item, a series of operations, an operation sequence, and operation effective dates.
routing revision
A specific version of a routing that specifies the operations that are active for a date range.
run
An intraoperation step where you move assemblies that you are working on at an operation.

S

scrap
An intraoperation step where you move assemblies that cannot be reworked or completed.
scrap account
An account that you may use to charge scrap transactions.
serial number
A number assigned to each unit of an item and used to track the item.
serial number control
A manufacturing technique for enforcing use of serial numbers during a material transaction.
serialized unit
The unique combination of a serial number and an inventory item.
service
A benefit or privilege that can be applied to a product. Oracle Service categorizes the items you define as serviceable, thereby making them serviceable items. You can order or apply service to serviceable items.
service item
An inventory item used to define a service program or warranty. Service items can be recorded against serviceable products. A synonym for serviceable item is a serviceable product.
service item feature
A particular service component, such as implementation or telephone support, that you include with a service item. Once you classify an inventory item as a service type item and enter the service program related attributes for it, you can list the specific services your service item includes.
service material
Material used for the repair and/or maintenance of an assembled product.
service order
An order containing service order lines. Service may be for new products or for existing, previously ordered products.
service program
A billable service item. Usually a service that customers purchase in addition to a product's base warranty.
service person
An employee whose function is to provide support and service to customers. Service person is also a synonym for service specialist.
serviceable item
An inventory item that your organization supports and services, either directly or through the supplier of the item, regardless of who actually manufactures the item. A serviceable item can be an end item, both an end item and a component or part in other end items, or just a component.
serviceable item class
A category that groups serviceable items. Each class must be of the type Serialized or Non-Serialized. You can group serialized serviceable items in a serialized serviceable item class; you can group non-serialized serviceable items in a non-serialized serviceable item class. A given item may be the member of only one item class at any given time.
serviced customer product
An entity that identifies a service your customer has recorded against a particular product installation. If you order service against a product in Oracle Order Entry, Oracle Service automatically links the product and the service being recorded against the product by creating a serviced customer product. A customer product installation may have more than one serviced product.
serviced installation
A synonym for serviced customer product.
set of books
A financial reporting entity that partitions General Ledger information and uses a particular chart of accounts, functional currency, and accounting calendar. This concept is the same whether or not the Multi-organization support feature is implemented.
ship-to address
A location where items are to be shipped.
ship-to location tolerance
Whether the receiving location must be the same as the ship-to location on the purchase order and whether Purchasing prohibits the transaction, displays a warning message while permitting the transaction, or permits the transaction without a warning.
spare part
A synonym for service part. It is an inventory item used without modification to replace an original part during the performance of maintenance or repair to a serviceable item or product.
specification
Describes the requirements of a product in Oracle Quality. You can define specifications for the key characteristics of the products you produce.
standard bill of material
A bill of material for a standard item, such as a manufactured product or assembly.
standard costing
A costing method where a predetermined standard cost is used for charging material, resource, overhead, period close, job close, and cost update transactions and valuing inventory. Any deviation in actual costs from the predetermined standard is recorded as a variance.
standard discrete job
A type of discrete job that controls material and resources for standard production assemblies.
standard item
Any item that can have a bill or be a component on a bill except planning items, option classes, or models. Standard items include purchased items, subassemblies, and finished products.
standard operation
A commonly used operation you can define as a template for use in defining future routing operations.
standard unit cost
The unit cost you may use to cost all material and resource transactions in your inventory and work in process system. This cost represents the expected cost for a component or assembly for a specified interval of time. The basis for standard cost may be the cost history, purchase order history, or predicted changes in future costs.
start date
The date you plan to begin production of assemblies in a discrete job.
subassembly
An assembly used as a component in a higher level assembly.
subinventory
Subdivision of an organization, representing either a physical area or a logical grouping of items, such as a storeroom or receiving dock.
supply type
A bill of material component field that controls issue transactions from inventory to work in process. Supply types supported by Work in Process include: Push, Assembly pull, Operation pull, Bulk, Supplier, Phantom, and Based on bill.
system
A grouping of customer products.

T

to move
An intraoperation step where assemblies can either be completed to a subinventory or wait to be moved to another operation.
transaction date
The date you enter and Oracle Manufacturing maintains for any manufacturing transaction. The date must fall within an open accounting period and be greater than the release date for transactions on a discrete job or repetitive schedule.
transaction manager
A concurrent program that controls your manufacturing transactions.
transaction worker
An independent concurrent process launched by a transaction manager to validate and process your manufacturing transactions.

U

unit of measure
The unit that the quantity of an item is expressed.
unit of measure class
A group of units of measure and their corresponding base unit of measure. The standard unit classes are Length, Weight, Volume, Area, Time, and Pack.
unit of measure conversions
Numerical factors that enable you to perform transactions in units other than the primary unit of the item being transacted.

V

W

warranty
A non-billable, zero-monetary service item attached directly to a product at shipment.
WIP accounting class
A set of accounts that you use to charge the production of an assembly. You assign accounting classes to discrete jobs and repetitive schedules. Each accounting class includes distribution accounts and variance accounts. Also used in cost reporting.
WIP move resource
A resource automatically charged to a discrete job or repetitive schedule by a move transaction. Resources are automatically charged when a forward move occurs, or uncharged when a backward move occurs.
work order date
The date to begin processing the paperwork for the discrete job. This date is offset from the start date by the preprocessing lead time.
worker
An independent concurrent process that executes specific tasks. Programs using workers to break large tasks into smaller ones must coordinate the actions of the workers.
Workflow Engine
The Oracle Workflow component that implements a workflow process definition. The Workflow Engine manages the state of all activities, automatically executes functions, maintains a history of completed activities, and detects error conditions and starts error processes. The Workflow Engine is implemented in server PL/SQL and activated when a call to an engine API is made. See also Account Generator, activity, function, item type.

X

Y

Z

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