StrictMath

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java.lang
Class StrictMath


java.lang.Object
  java.lang.StrictMath

public final class StrictMath
extends Object

The class StrictMath contains methods for performing basic numeric operations such as the elementary exponential, logarithm, square root, and trigonometric functions.

To help ensure portability of Java programs, the definitions of some ~~many~~ of the numeric functions in this package require that they produce the same results as certain published algorithms. These algorithms are available from the well-known network library netlib as the package "Freely Distributable Math Library," fdlibm . ~~Library" (fdlibm).~~ These algorithms, which are written in the C programming language, are then to be understood as executed with all floating-point operations following the rules of Java floating-point arithmetic.

The Java math library is defined with respect to the version of fdlibm dated January 4, 1995. Where fdlibm provides more than one definition for a function (such as acos), use the "IEEE 754 core function" version (residing in a file whose name begins with the letter e). The methods which require fdlibm semantics are sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, exp, log, log10, cbrt, atan2, pow, sinh, cosh, tanh, hypot, expm1, and log1p. ~~The network library may be found on the World Wide Web at:~~

 http://metalab.unc.edu/

Since:: 1.3

Field Summary

static double E
          The double value that is closer than any other to e , the base of the natural logarithms.

static double PI
          The double value that is closer than any other to pi , the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

Method Summary

static double abs (double a)
          Returns the absolute value of a double value.

static float abs (float a)
          Returns the absolute value of a float value.

static int abs (int a)
          Returns the absolute value of an int value..

static long abs (long a)
          Returns the absolute value of a long value.

static double acos (double a)
          Returns the arc cosine of an angle, in the range of 0.0 through pi .

static double asin (double a)
          Returns the arc sine of an angle, in the range of - pi /2 through pi /2.

static double atan (double a)
          Returns the arc tangent of an angle, in the range of - pi /2 through pi /2.

static double atan2 (double y, double x)
          Converts rectangular coordinates (x, y) to polar (r, theta ).

static double cbrt (double a)
          Returns the cube root of a double value.

static double ceil (double a)
          Returns the smallest (closest to negative infinity) double value that is not less than the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.

static double cos (double a)
          Returns the trigonometric cosine of an angle.

static double cosh (double x)
          Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a double value.

static double exp (double a)
          Returns Euler's number e raised to the power of a double value.

static double expm1 (double x)
          Returns e ^x -1.

static double floor (double a)
          Returns the largest (closest to positive infinity) double value that is not greater than the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.

static double hypot (double x, double y)
          Returns sqrt( x ² + y ² ) without intermediate overflow or underflow.

static double IEEEremainder (double f1, double f2)
          Computes the remainder operation on two arguments as prescribed by the IEEE 754 standard.

static double log (double a)
          Returns the natural logarithm (base e ) of a double value.

static double log10 (double a)
          Returns the base 10 logarithm of a double value.

static double log1p (double x)
          Returns the natural logarithm of the sum of the argument and 1.

static double max (double a, double b)
          Returns the greater of two double values.

static float max (float a, float b)
          Returns the greater of two float values.

static int max (int a, int b)
          Returns the greater of two int values.

static long max (long a, long b)
          Returns the greater of two long values.

static double min (double a, double b)
          Returns the smaller of two double values.

static float min (float a, float b)
          Returns the smaller of two float values.

static int min (int a, int b)
          Returns the smaller of two int values.

static long min (long a, long b)
          Returns the smaller of two long values.

static double pow (double a, double b)
          Returns the value of the first argument raised to the power of the second argument.

static double random ()
          Returns a double value with a positive sign, greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0.

static double rint (double a)
          Returns the double value that is closest in value to the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.

static long round (double a)
          Returns the closest long to the argument.

static int round (float a)
          Returns the closest int to the argument.

static double signum (double d)
          Returns the signum function of the argument; zero if the argument is zero, 1.0 if the argument is greater than zero, -1.0 if the argument is less than zero.

static float signum (float f)
          Returns the signum function of the argument; zero if the argument is zero, 1.0f if the argument is greater than zero, -1.0f if the argument is less than zero.

static double sin (double a)
          Returns the trigonometric sine of an angle.

static double sinh (double x)
          Returns the hyperbolic sine of a double value.

static double sqrt (double a)
          Returns the correctly rounded positive square root of a double value.

static double tan (double a)
          Returns the trigonometric tangent of an angle.

static double tanh (double x)
          Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a double value.

static double toDegrees (double angrad)
          Converts an angle measured in radians to an approximately equivalent angle measured in degrees.

static double toRadians (double angdeg)
          Converts an angle measured in degrees to an approximately equivalent angle measured in radians.

static double ulp (double d)
          Returns the size of an ulp of the argument.

static float ulp (float f)
          Returns the size of an ulp of the argument.

Methods inherited from class java.lang. Object

clone , equals , finalize , getClass , hashCode , notify , notifyAll , toString , wait , wait , wait

Field Summary
static double	E The double value that is closer than any other to e , the base of the natural logarithms.
static double	PI The double value that is closer than any other to pi , the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

Method Summary
static double	abs (double a) Returns the absolute value of a double value.
static float	abs (float a) Returns the absolute value of a float value.
static int	abs (int a) Returns the absolute value of an int value..
static long	abs (long a) Returns the absolute value of a long value.
static double	acos (double a) Returns the arc cosine of an angle, in the range of 0.0 through pi .
static double	asin (double a) Returns the arc sine of an angle, in the range of - pi /2 through pi /2.
static double	atan (double a) Returns the arc tangent of an angle, in the range of - pi /2 through pi /2.
static double	atan2 (double y, double x) Converts rectangular coordinates (x, y) to polar (r, theta ).
*static double*	*cbrt* *(double a)* *Returns the cube root of a double value.*
static double	ceil (double a) Returns the smallest (closest to negative infinity) double value that is not less than the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.
static double	cos (double a) Returns the trigonometric cosine of an angle.
*static double*	*cosh* *(double x)* *Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a double value.*
static double	exp (double a) Returns Euler's number e raised to the power of a double value.
*static double*	*expm1* *(double x)* *Returns* e ^x *-1.*
static double	floor (double a) Returns the largest (closest to positive infinity) double value that is not greater than the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.
*static double*	*hypot* *(double x, double y)* *Returns sqrt(* x ² + y ² *) without intermediate overflow or underflow.*
static double	IEEEremainder (double f1, double f2) Computes the remainder operation on two arguments as prescribed by the IEEE 754 standard.
static double	log (double a) Returns the natural logarithm (base e ) of a double value.
*static double*	*log10* *(double a)* *Returns the base 10 logarithm of a double value.*
*static double*	*log1p* *(double x)* *Returns the natural logarithm of the sum of the argument and 1.*
static double	max (double a, double b) Returns the greater of two double values.
static float	max (float a, float b) Returns the greater of two float values.
static int	max (int a, int b) Returns the greater of two int values.
static long	max (long a, long b) Returns the greater of two long values.
static double	min (double a, double b) Returns the smaller of two double values.
static float	min (float a, float b) Returns the smaller of two float values.
static int	min (int a, int b) Returns the smaller of two int values.
static long	min (long a, long b) Returns the smaller of two long values.
static double	pow (double a, double b) Returns the value of the first argument raised to the power of the second argument.
static double	random () Returns a double value with a positive sign, greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0.
static double	rint (double a) Returns the double value that is closest in value to the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.
static long	round (double a) Returns the closest long to the argument.
static int	round (float a) Returns the closest int to the argument.
*static double*	*signum* *(double d)* *Returns the signum function of the argument; zero if the argument is zero, 1.0 if the argument is greater than zero, -1.0 if the argument is less than zero.*
*static float*	*signum* *(float f)* *Returns the signum function of the argument; zero if the argument is zero, 1.0f if the argument is greater than zero, -1.0f if the argument is less than zero.*
static double	sin (double a) Returns the trigonometric sine of an angle.
*static double*	*sinh* *(double x)* *Returns the hyperbolic sine of a double value.*
static double	sqrt (double a) Returns the correctly rounded positive square root of a double value.
static double	tan (double a) Returns the trigonometric tangent of an angle.
*static double*	*tanh* *(double x)* *Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a double value.*
static double	toDegrees (double angrad) Converts an angle measured in radians to an approximately equivalent angle measured in degrees.
static double	toRadians (double angdeg) Converts an angle measured in degrees to an approximately equivalent angle measured in radians.
*static double*	*ulp* *(double d)* *Returns the size of an ulp of the argument.*
*static float*	*ulp* *(float f)* *Returns the size of an ulp of the argument.*

Methods inherited from class java.lang. Object
clone , equals , finalize , getClass , hashCode , notify , notifyAll , toString , wait , wait , wait

Field Detail

E


public static final double E

The double value that is closer than any other to e , the base of the natural logarithms.

See Also:: Constant Field Values

PI


public static final double PI

The double value that is closer than any other to pi , the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

See Also:: Constant Field Values

Method Detail

sin


public static double sin(double a)

Returns the trigonometric sine of an angle. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN or an infinity, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the same sign as the argument.

Parameters:: a - an angle, in radians.
Returns:: the sine of the argument.

cos


public static double cos(double a)

Returns the trigonometric cosine of an angle. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN or an infinity, then the result is NaN.

Parameters:: a - an angle, in radians.
Returns:: the cosine of the argument.

tan


public static double tan(double a)

Returns the trigonometric tangent of an angle. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN or an infinity, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the same sign as the argument.

Parameters:: a - an angle, in radians.
Returns:: the tangent of the argument.

asin


public static double asin(double a)

Returns the arc sine of an angle, in the range of - pi /2 through pi /2. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN or its absolute value is greater than 1, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the same sign as the argument.

Parameters:: a - the value whose arc sine is to be returned.
Returns:: the arc sine of the argument.

acos


public static double acos(double a)

Returns the arc cosine of an angle, in the range of 0.0 through pi . Special case:

If the argument is NaN or its absolute value is greater than 1, then the result is NaN.

Parameters:: a - the value whose arc cosine is to be returned.
Returns:: the arc cosine of the argument.

atan


public static double atan(double a)

Returns the arc tangent of an angle, in the range of - pi /2 through pi /2. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the same sign as the argument.

Parameters:: a - the value whose arc tangent is to be returned.
Returns:: the arc tangent of the argument.

toRadians


public static double toRadians(double angdeg)

Converts an angle measured in degrees to an approximately equivalent angle measured in radians. The conversion from degrees to radians is generally inexact.

Parameters:: angdeg - an angle, in degrees
Returns:: the measurement of the angle angdeg in radians.

toDegrees


public static double toDegrees(double angrad)

Converts an angle measured in radians to an approximately equivalent angle measured in degrees. The conversion from radians to degrees is generally inexact; users should not expect cos(toRadians(90.0)) to exactly equal 0.0.

Parameters:: angrad - an angle, in radians
Returns:: the measurement of the angle angrad in degrees.

exp


public static double exp(double a)

Returns Euler's number e raised to the power of a double value. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is negative infinity, then the result is positive zero.

Parameters:: a - the exponent to raise e to.
Returns:: the value e ^a , where e is the base of the natural logarithms.

log


public static double log(double a)

Returns the natural logarithm (base e ) of a double value. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN or less than zero, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the result is negative infinity.

Parameters:: a - a value ~~number greater than 0.0.~~
Returns:: the value ln a, the natural logarithm of a.

log10


 
public static double log10 (double a)

Returns the base 10 logarithm of a double value. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN or less than zero, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the result is negative infinity.
If the argument is equal to 10 ⁿ for integer n , then the result is n .

Parameters:: a - a value
Returns:: the base 10 logarithm of a.
Since:: 1.5

sqrt


public static double sqrt(double a)

Returns the correctly rounded positive square root of a double value. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN or less than zero, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the result is the same as the argument.

Otherwise, the result is the double value closest to the true mathematical square root of the argument value.

Parameters:: a - a value.
Returns:: the positive square root of a.

cbrt


 
public static double cbrt (double a)

Returns the cube root of a double value. For positive finite x, cbrt(-x) == -cbrt(x); that is, the cube root of a negative value is the negative of the cube root of that value's magnitude. Special cases:

If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is infinite, then the result is an infinity with the same sign as the argument.
If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the same sign as the argument.

Parameters:: a - a value.
Returns:: the cube root of a.
Since:: 1.5

IEEEremainder


public static double IEEEremainder(double f1,
                                   double f2)

Computes the remainder operation on two arguments as prescribed by the IEEE 754 standard. The remainder value is mathematically equal to f1 - f2 × n , where n is the mathematical integer closest to the exact mathematical value of the quotient f1/f2, and if two mathematical integers are equally close to f1/f2, then n is the integer that is even. If the remainder is zero, its sign is the same as the sign of the first argument. Special cases:

If either argument is NaN, or the first argument is infinite, or the second argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the result is NaN.
If the first argument is finite and the second argument is infinite, then the result is the same as the first argument.

Parameters:: f1 - the dividend.; f2 - the divisor.
Returns:: the remainder when f1 is divided by f2.

ceil


public static double ceil(double a)

Returns the smallest (closest to negative infinity) double value that is not less than the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer. Special cases:

If the argument value is already equal to a mathematical integer, then the result is the same as the argument.
If the argument is NaN or an infinity or positive zero or negative zero, then the result is the same as the argument.
If the argument value is less than zero but greater than -1.0, then the result is negative zero.

Note that the value of Math.ceil(x) is exactly the value of -Math.floor(-x).

Parameters:: a - a value.
Returns:: the smallest (closest to negative infinity) floating-point value that is not less than the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.

floor


public static double floor(double a)

Returns the largest (closest to positive infinity) double value that is not greater than the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer. Special cases:

If the argument value is already equal to a mathematical integer, then the result is the same as the argument.
If the argument is NaN or an infinity or positive zero or negative zero, then the result is the same as the argument.

Parameters:: a - a double value.
Returns:: the largest (closest to positive infinity) floating-point value that is not greater than the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.

rint


public static double rint(double a)

Returns the double value that is closest in value to the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer. If two double values that are mathematical integers are equally close to the value of the argument, the result is the integer value that is even. Special cases:

If the argument value is already equal to a mathematical integer, then the result is the same as the argument.
If the argument is NaN or an infinity or positive zero or negative zero, then the result is the same as the argument.

Parameters:: a - a value.
Returns:: the closest floating-point value to a that is equal to a mathematical integer.

atan2


public static double atan2(double y,
                           double x)

Converts rectangular coordinates (x, y) to polar (r, theta ). This method computes the phase theta by computing an arc tangent of y/x in the range of - pi to pi . Special cases:

If either argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the first argument is positive zero and the second argument is positive, or the first argument is positive and finite and the second argument is positive infinity, then the result is positive zero.
If the first argument is negative zero and the second argument is positive, or the first argument is negative and finite and the second argument is positive infinity, then the result is negative zero.
If the first argument is positive zero and the second argument is negative, or the first argument is positive and finite and the second argument is negative infinity, then the result is the double value closest to pi .
If the first argument is negative zero and the second argument is negative, or the first argument is negative and finite and the second argument is negative infinity, then the result is the double value closest to - pi .
If the first argument is positive and the second argument is positive zero or negative zero, or the first argument is positive infinity and the second argument is finite, then the result is the double value closest to pi /2.
If the first argument is negative and the second argument is positive zero or negative zero, or the first argument is negative infinity and the second argument is finite, then the result is the double value closest to - pi /2.
If both arguments are positive infinity, then the result is the double value closest to pi /4.
If the first argument is positive infinity and the second argument is negative infinity, then the result is the double value closest to 3* pi /4.
If the first argument is negative infinity and the second argument is positive infinity, then the result is the double value closest to - pi /4.
If both arguments are negative infinity, then the result is the double value closest to -3* pi /4.

Parameters:: y - the ordinate coordinate; x - the abscissa coordinate
Returns:: the theta component of the point ( r , theta ) in polar coordinates that corresponds to the point ( x , y ) in Cartesian coordinates.

pow


public static double pow(double a,
                         double b)

Returns the value of the first argument raised to the power of the second argument. Special cases:

If the second argument is positive or negative zero, then the result is 1.0.
If the second argument is 1.0, then the result is the same as the first argument.
If the second argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the first argument is NaN and the second argument is nonzero, then the result is NaN.
If
- the absolute value of the first argument is greater than 1 and the second argument is positive infinity, or
- the absolute value of the first argument is less than 1 and the second argument is negative infinity,
then the result is positive infinity.
If
- the absolute value of the first argument is greater than 1 and the second argument is negative infinity, or
- the absolute value of the first argument is less than 1 and the second argument is positive infinity,
then the result is positive zero.
If the absolute value of the first argument equals 1 and the second argument is infinite, then the result is NaN.
If
- the first argument is positive zero and the second argument is greater than zero, or
- the first argument is positive infinity and the second argument is less than zero,
then the result is positive zero.
If
- the first argument is positive zero and the second argument is less than zero, or
- the first argument is positive infinity and the second argument is greater than zero,
then the result is positive infinity.
If
- the first argument is negative zero and the second argument is greater than zero but not a finite odd integer, or
- the first argument is negative infinity and the second argument is less than zero but not a finite odd integer,
then the result is positive zero.
If
- the first argument is negative zero and the second argument is a positive finite odd integer, or
- the first argument is negative infinity and the second argument is a negative finite odd integer,
then the result is negative zero.
If
- the first argument is negative zero and the second argument is less than zero but not a finite odd integer, or
- the first argument is negative infinity and the second argument is greater than zero but not a finite odd integer,
then the result is positive infinity.
If
- the first argument is negative zero and the second argument is a negative finite odd integer, or
- the first argument is negative infinity and the second argument is a positive finite odd integer,
then the result is negative infinity.
If the first argument is finite and less than zero
- if the second argument is a finite even integer, the result is equal to the result of raising the absolute value of the first argument to the power of the second argument
- if the second argument is a finite odd integer, the result is equal to the negative of the result of raising the absolute value of the first argument to the power of the second argument
- if the second argument is finite and not an integer, then the result is NaN.
If both arguments are integers, then the result is exactly equal to the mathematical result of raising the first argument to the power of the second argument if that result can in fact be represented exactly as a double value.

(In the foregoing descriptions, a floating-point value is considered to be an integer if and only if it is finite and a fixed point of the method ceil or, equivalently, a fixed point of the method floor . A value is a fixed point of a one-argument method if and only if the result of applying the method to the value is equal to the value.)

Parameters:: a - base.; b - the exponent.
Returns:: the value a^b .

round


public static int round(float a)

Returns the closest int to the argument. The result is rounded to an integer by adding 1/2, taking the floor of the result, and casting the result to type int. In other words, the result is equal to the value of the expression:

(int)Math.floor(a + 0.5f)

Special cases:

If the argument is NaN, the result is 0.
If the argument is negative infinity or any value less than or equal to the value of Integer.MIN_VALUE, the result is equal to the value of Integer.MIN_VALUE.
If the argument is positive infinity or any value greater than or equal to the value of Integer.MAX_VALUE, the result is equal to the value of Integer.MAX_VALUE.

Parameters:: a - a floating-point value to be rounded to an integer.
Returns:: the value of the argument rounded to the nearest int value.
See Also:: Integer.MAX_VALUE , Integer.MIN_VALUE

round


public static long round(double a)

Returns the closest long to the argument. The result is rounded to an integer by adding 1/2, taking the floor of the result, and casting the result to type long. In other words, the result is equal to the value of the expression:

(long)Math.floor(a + 0.5d)

Special cases:

If the argument is NaN, the result is 0.
If the argument is negative infinity or any value less than or equal to the value of Long.MIN_VALUE, the result is equal to the value of Long.MIN_VALUE.
If the argument is positive infinity or any value greater than or equal to the value of Long.MAX_VALUE, the result is equal to the value of Long.MAX_VALUE.

Parameters:: a - a floating-point value to be rounded to a long.
Returns:: the value of the argument rounded to the nearest long value.
See Also:: Long.MAX_VALUE , Long.MIN_VALUE

random


public static double random()

Returns a double value with a positive sign, greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0. Returned values are chosen pseudorandomly with (approximately) uniform distribution from that range.

When this method is first called, it creates a single new pseudorandom-number generator, exactly as if by the expression

new java.util.Random

This new pseudorandom-number generator is used thereafter for all calls to this method and is used nowhere else.

This method is properly synchronized to allow correct use by more than one thread. However, if many threads need to generate pseudorandom numbers at a great rate, it may reduce contention for each thread to have its own pseudorandom number generator.

Returns:: a pseudorandom double greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0.
See Also:: Random.nextDouble()

abs


public static int abs(int a)

Returns the absolute value of an int value.. If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned. If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.

Note that if the argument is equal to the value of Integer.MIN_VALUE, the most negative representable int value, the result is that same value, which is negative.

Parameters:: a - the argument whose absolute value is to be determined.
Returns:: the absolute value of the argument.
See Also:: Integer.MIN_VALUE

abs


public static long abs(long a)

Returns the absolute value of a long value. If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned. If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.

Note that if the argument is equal to the value of Long.MIN_VALUE, the most negative representable long value, the result is that same value, which is negative.

Parameters:: a - the argument whose absolute value is to be determined.
Returns:: the absolute value of the argument.
See Also:: Long.MIN_VALUE

abs


public static float abs(float a)

Returns the absolute value of a float value. If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned. If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned. Special cases:

If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, the result is positive zero.
If the argument is infinite, the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.

In other words, the result is the same as the value of the expression:

Float.intBitsToFloat(0x7fffffff & Float.floatToIntBits(a))

Parameters:: a - the argument whose absolute value is to be determined
Returns:: the absolute value of the argument.

abs


public static double abs(double a)

Returns the absolute value of a double value. If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned. If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned. Special cases:

If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, the result is positive zero.
If the argument is infinite, the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.

In other words, the result is the same as the value of the expression:

Double.longBitsToDouble((Double.doubleToLongBits(a)<<1)>>>1)

Parameters:: a - the argument whose absolute value is to be determined
Returns:: the absolute value of the argument.

max


public static int max(int a,
                      int b)

Returns the greater of two int values. That is, the result is the argument closer to the value of Integer.MAX_VALUE. If the arguments have the same value, the result is that same value.

Parameters:: a - an argument.; b - another argument.
Returns:: the larger of a and b.
See Also:: Long.MAX_VALUE

max


public static long max(long a,
                       long b)

Returns the greater of two long values. That is, the result is the argument closer to the value of Long.MAX_VALUE. If the arguments have the same value, the result is that same value.

Parameters:: a - an argument.; b - another argument.
Returns:: the larger of a and b.
See Also:: Long.MAX_VALUE

max


public static float max(float a,
                        float b)

Returns the greater of two float values. That is, the result is the argument closer to positive infinity. If the arguments have the same value, the result is that same value. If either value is NaN, then the result is NaN. Unlike the the numerical comparison operators, this method considers negative zero to be strictly smaller than positive zero. If one argument is positive zero and the other negative zero, the result is positive zero.

Parameters:: a - an argument.; b - another argument.
Returns:: the larger of a and b.

max


public static double max(double a,
                         double b)

Returns the greater of two double values. That is, the result is the argument closer to positive infinity. If the arguments have the same value, the result is that same value. If either value is NaN, then the result is NaN. Unlike the the numerical comparison operators, this method considers negative zero to be strictly smaller than positive zero. If one argument is positive zero and the other negative zero, the result is positive zero.

Parameters:: a - an argument.; b - another argument.
Returns:: the larger of a and b.

min


public static int min(int a,
                      int b)

Returns the smaller of two int values. That is, the result the argument closer to the value of Integer.MIN_VALUE. If the arguments have the same value, the result is that same value.

Parameters:: a - an argument.; b - another argument.
Returns:: the smaller of a and b.
See Also:: Long.MIN_VALUE

min


public static long min(long a,
                       long b)

Returns the smaller of two long values. That is, the result is the argument closer to the value of Long.MIN_VALUE. If the arguments have the same value, the result is that same value.

Parameters:: a - an argument.; b - another argument.
Returns:: the smaller of a and b.
See Also:: Long.MIN_VALUE

min


public static float min(float a,
                        float b)

Returns the smaller of two float values. That is, the result is the value closer to negative infinity. If the arguments have the same value, the result is that same value. If either value is NaN, then the result is NaN. Unlike the the numerical comparison operators, this method considers negative zero to be strictly smaller than positive zero. If one argument is positive zero and the other is negative zero, the result is negative zero.

Parameters:: a - an argument.; b - another argument.
Returns:: the smaller of a and b.

min


public static double min(double a,
                         double b)

Returns the smaller of two double values. That is, the result is the value closer to negative infinity. If the arguments have the same value, the result is that same value. If either value is NaN, then the result is NaN. Unlike the the numerical comparison operators, this method considers negative zero to be strictly smaller than positive zero. If one argument is positive zero and the other is negative zero, the result is negative zero.

Parameters:: a - an argument.; b - another argument.
Returns:: the smaller of a and b.

ulp


 
public static double ulp (double d)

Returns the size of an ulp of the argument. An ulp of a double value is the positive distance between this floating-point value and the double value next larger in magnitude. Note that for non-NaN x

, ulp(- x

) == ulp( x

Special Cases:

If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive or negative infinity, then the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is positive or negative zero, then the result is Double.MIN_VALUE.
If the argument is ±Double.MAX_VALUE, then the result is equal to 2 ⁹⁷¹ .

Parameters:: d - the floating-point value whose ulp is to be returned
Returns:: the size of an ulp of the argument
Since:: 1.5

ulp


 
public static float ulp (float f)

Returns the size of an ulp of the argument. An ulp of a float value is the positive distance between this floating-point value and the float value next larger in magnitude. Note that for non-NaN x

, ulp(- x

) == ulp( x

Special Cases:

If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive or negative infinity, then the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is positive or negative zero, then the result is Float.MIN_VALUE.
If the argument is ±Float.MAX_VALUE, then the result is equal to 2 ¹⁰⁴ .

Parameters:: f - the floating-point value whose ulp is to be returned
Returns:: the size of an ulp of the argument
Since:: 1.5

signum


 
public static double signum (double d)

Returns the signum function of the argument; zero if the argument is zero, 1.0 if the argument is greater than zero, -1.0 if the argument is less than zero.

Special Cases:

If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the result is the same as the argument.

Parameters:: d - the floating-point value whose signum is to be returned
Returns:: the signum function of the argument
Since:: 1.5

signum


 
public static float signum (float f)

Returns the signum function of the argument; zero if the argument is zero, 1.0f if the argument is greater than zero, -1.0f if the argument is less than zero.

Special Cases:

If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the result is the same as the argument.

Parameters:: f - the floating-point value whose signum is to be returned
Returns:: the signum function of the argument
Since:: 1.5

sinh


 
public static double sinh (double x)

Returns the hyperbolic sine of a double value. The hyperbolic sine of x

is defined to be ( e ^x - e ^-x

)/2 where e

Euler's number

Special cases:

If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is infinite, then the result is an infinity with the same sign as the argument.
If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the same sign as the argument.

Parameters:: x - The number whose hyperbolic sine is to be returned.
Returns:: The hyperbolic sine of x.
Since:: 1.5

cosh


 
public static double cosh (double x)

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a double value. The hyperbolic cosine of x

is defined to be ( e ^x + e ^-x

)/2 where e

Euler's number

Special cases:

If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is infinite, then the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is zero, then the result is 1.0.

Parameters:: x - The number whose hyperbolic cosine is to be returned.
Returns:: The hyperbolic cosine of x.
Since:: 1.5

tanh


 
public static double tanh (double x)

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a double value. The hyperbolic tangent of x

is defined to be ( e ^x - e ^-x

)/( e ^x + e ^-x

), in other words,

sinh( x )

cosh( x )

. Note that the absolute value of the exact tanh is always less than 1.

Special cases:

If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the same sign as the argument.
If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is +1.0.
If the argument is negative infinity, then the result is -1.0.

Parameters:: x - The number whose hyperbolic tangent is to be returned.
Returns:: The hyperbolic tangent of x.
Since:: 1.5

hypot


 
public static double hypot (double x,
 double y)

Returns sqrt( x ²

+ y ²

) without intermediate overflow or underflow.

Special cases:

If either argument is infinite, then the result is positive infinity.
If either argument is NaN and neither argument is infinite, then the result is NaN.

Parameters:: x - a value; y - a value
Returns:: sqrt( x ² + y ² ) without intermediate overflow or underflow
Since:: 1.5

expm1


 
public static double expm1 (double x)

Returns e ^x

-1. Note that for values of x

near 0, the exact sum of expm1(x) + 1 is much closer to the true result of e ^x

than exp(x).

Special cases:

If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is negative infinity, then the result is -1.0.
If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the same sign as the argument.

Parameters:: x - the exponent to raise e to in the computation of e ^x -1.
Returns:: the value e ^x - 1.

log1p


 
public static double log1p (double x)

Returns the natural logarithm of the sum of the argument and 1. Note that for small values x, the result of log1p(x) is much closer to the true result of ln(1 + x) than the floating-point evaulation of log(1.0+x).

Special cases:

If the argument is NaN or less than -1, then the result is NaN.
If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is positive infinity.
If the argument is negative one, then the result is negative infinity.
If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the same sign as the argument.

Parameters:: x - a value
Returns:: the value ln(x + 1), the natural log of x + 1

java.lang Class StrictMath

E

PI

sin

cos

tan

asin

acos

atan

toRadians

toDegrees

exp

log

log10

sqrt

cbrt

IEEEremainder

ceil

floor

rint

atan2

pow

round

round

random

abs

abs

abs

abs

max

max

max

max

min

min

min

min

ulp

ulp

signum

signum

sinh

cosh

tanh

hypot

expm1

log1p

java.lang
Class StrictMath