Fortran Programming Guide

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

Index

Symbols

, blank space, 1

A

abrupt underflow, 1

agreement across routines, -Xlist, 1

aliasing, 1

align

data types, Fortran 95 vs. C, 1

data, Fortran 77 vs C, 1

errors across routines, -Xlist, 1

analyzing performance, 1

ar to create static library, 1, 2

arguments

reference versus value, C-Fortran interface, 1

array

differences between C and Fortran, 1

asa, Fortran print utility, 1

ASCII characters

maximum characters in data types, 1

B

-Bdynamic, -Bstatic options, 1

binary I/O, 1

bindings

POSIX, 1

static or dynamic (-B, -d), 1

C

C directive, 1

-C option, 1

C$PAR Sun-style directives, 1

call

in parallelized loops, 1

inhibiting optimization, 1

passing arguments by reference or value, 1

call graph profile, gprof, 1

call graphs, with -Xlistc option, 1

carriage-control, 1

case sensitivity, 1

C-Fortran interface

array indexing, 1

call arguments and ordering, 1

case sensitivity, 1

comparing I/O, 1

compatibility issues, 1

function compared to subroutine, 1

function names, 1, 2

passing data by value, 1, 2, 3

sharing I/O, 1

CHUNKSIZE directive qualifier, 1

CMIC$ Cray-style directives, 1

command line

passing runtime arguments, 1

redirection and piping, 1

command-line help, 1

common block

maps, -Xlist, 1

task common, 1

compile

viewing source listing with diagnostics, 1

coverage analysis See tcov1

cross reference table, -Xlist, 1

D

-dalign option, 1

data

alignment, Fortran 77 vs C, 1

Hollerith, 1

inspection, dbx, 1

maximum characters in data types, 1

representation, 1

sizes, C vs. Fortran 77, 1

data dependency

apparent, 1

parallelization, 1

restructuring to eliminate, 1

data race

defined, 1

date, VMS, 1

dbx, 1

dd conversion utility, 1

debug, 1, 2

arguments, agree in number and type, 1

common blocks, agree in size and type, 1

compiler options, 1

dbx, 1

exceptions, 1

index check of arrays, 1

linker debugging aids, 1

parameters, agree globally, 1

segmentation fault, 1

subscript array bounds checking, 1

utilities, 1

declared but unused, checking, -Xlist, 1

denormalized number, 1

-depend option, 1

diagnostics, source, 1

direct I/O, 1

to internal files, 1

directives

C() C interface, 1

OPT=n optimization levels, 1

parallelization

Cray, 1

OpenMP, 1

Sun, 1

parallelization, summary, 1

display to terminal, -Xlist, 1

division by zero, 1

-dn, -dy options, 1

DOALL directive, 1

qualifiers, 1

DOSERIAL directive, 1

DOSERIAL* directive, 1

dynamic libraries

See libraries, dynamic1

E

environment variables

for parallelization, 1

LD_LIBRARY_PATH, 1

LOGICALNAMEMAPPING, 1

OMP_NUM_THREADS, 1

PARALLEL, 1

passed to program, 1

with IOINIT, 1

environment variables$SUN_PROFDATA, 1

equivalence block maps, -Xlist, 1

er_print command, 1

error

messages

listing with -XlistE, 1

suppress with -Xlist, 1

with error command, 1

standard error

accrued exceptions, 1

establish a signal handler, 1

event management, dbx, 1

exceptions

accrued, 1

debugging, 1, 2

detecting, 1

IEEE, 1

ieee_handler, 1

messages, 1

suppressing warnings with ieee_flags, 1, 2

trapping

with -ftrap=mode option, 1

extensions and features, 1

external

C functions, 1

names, 1

F

f77_init, 1

f90_init, 1

FACTORING, directive qualifier, 1

-fast option, 1

features and extensions, 1

feedback, performance profiling, 1

file names

on INCLUDE statements, 1

passing to programs, 1

files

internal, 1

opening scratch files, 1

passing file names to programs, 1, 2

permissions, C-Fortran interface, 1

preconnected, 1

standard error, 1

standard input, 1

standard output, 1

tape, 1

fix and continue, dbx, 1

.fln files, 1

floating-point arithmetic, 1, 2

considerations, 1

denormalized number, 1

exceptions, 1

IEEE, 1

underflow, 1

See also IEEE arithmetic, 1

-fns, disable underflow, 1

format

edit descriptors, 1

Fortran

features and extensions, 1

libraries, 1

utilities, 1

fpp command, 1

free format, 1

-fsimple option, 1

fsplit, Fortran utility, 1

-ftrap=mode option, 1

function

compared to subroutine, 1

data type of, checking, -Xlist, 1

names, Fortran vs. C, 1

unused, checking, -Xlist, 1

used as a subroutine, checking, -Xlist, 1

G

-G option, 1

GETARG library routine, 1, 2

GETC library routine, 1

GETENV library routine, 1, 2

global program checking

strictness setting, 1

global program checking See-Xlist option1

gprof command, 1

graphically monitor variables, dbx, 1

GSS, directive qualifier, 1

GUIDED directive qualifier, 1

H

help, command-line, 1

Hollerith data, 1

I

IDATE VMS routine, 1

IEEE (Institute of Electronic and Electrical Engineers), 1

IEEE arithmetic

754 standard, 1

continue with wrong answer, 1

exception handling, 1

exceptions, 1

excessive overflow, 1

gradual underflow, 1, 2

interfaces, 1

signal handler, 1

underflow handling, 1

ieee_flags, 1, 2, 3

ieee_functions, 1

ieee_handler, 1, 2

ieee_retrospective, 1, 2

ieee_values, 1

INCLUDE, 1

include files

list and cross checking with -XlistI, 1

inconsistency

arguments, checking, -Xlist, 1

named common blocks, checking, -Xlist, 1

indirect addressing

data dependency, 1

inexact

floating-point arithmetic, 1

information files, READMEs, 1

initialization, 1

inlining calls with -O4, 1

input/output, 1, 2

accessing files, 1

binary, 1

comparing Fortran and C I/O, 1

dd conversion utility, 1

direct I/O, 1

to internal files, 1

end-of-file on tape, 1

Fortran 95 considerations, 1

in parallelized loops, 1

inhibiting optimization, 1

inhibiting parallelization, 1

initialize for FORTRAN 77 from C, 1

internal I/O, 1

logical unit, 1

opening files, 1

preconnect units 0, 5, 6 from C, 1

preconnected units, 1

profiling, 1

random I/O, 1

redirection and piping, 1

scratch files, 1

tape, 1

multifile, 1

interface

problems, checking for, -Xlist, 1

internal files, 1

interval arithmetic, 1, 2

INTERVAL declaration, 1

IOINIT library routine, 1

L

-lx option, 1

labels, unused, -Xlist, 1

-Ldir option, 1

libF77, 1

libFposix, 1

libM77, 1

libraries, 1, 2

dynamic

creating, 1

naming, 1

position-independent code, 1

specifying, 1

tradeoffs, 1

in general, 1

linking, 1

load map, 1

math, 1

optimized, 1

POSIX, 1

provided with Sun WorkShop Fortran, 1

redistributable, 1

search order

command line options, 1

LD_LIBRARY_PATH, 1

paths, 1

shared

See dynamic1

static

creating, 1

on SPARC V9, 1

ordering routines, 1

recompile and replace module, 1

tradeoffs, 1

Sun Performance Library, 1, 2

VMS, 1

libV77, 1

line width, output, -Xlist, 1

line-numbered listing, -Xlist, 1

linking

binding options (-B, -d), 1

consistent compile and link, 1

libraries, 1

specifying static or dynamic, 1

mixing C and Fortran, 1

search order, 1

-lx, -Ldir, 1

troubleshooting errors, 1

lint-like checking across routines, -Xlist, 1

listing

cross-references with -Xlist, 1

line numbered with diagnostics, -Xlist, 1

-XlistL, 1

logical unit, 1

attached at runtime, 1

loop unrolling

and portability, 1

with -unroll, 1

-lV77 option, 1

M

-m linker option for load map, 1

macros

with make, 1

make, 1, 2

command, 1

macros, 1

makefile, 1

suffix rules, 1

makefile, 1

man pages, 1

MANPATH, path to man pages, 1

maps

common blocks, -Xlist, 1

equivalence blocks, -Xlist, 1

MAXCPUS, directive qualifier, 1, 2

measuring program performance See performance, profiling1

monitor variables graphically, dbx, 1

multifile tapes, 1

multithreading

See parallelization1

N

nonstandard_arithmetic(), 1

non-stopping I/O, 1

number of processors, 1

NUMCHUNKS directive qualifier, 1

O

OMP_NUM_THREADS, 1

OMP_NUM_THREADS environment variable, 1

OpenMP, 1

optimization See performance1

options

debugging, useful, 1

for optimization, 1, 2

parallelization, 1

order of

linker libraries search, 1

linker search, 1

-lx, -Ldir options, 1

output

to terminal, -Xlist, 1

-Xlist report file, 1

overflow

excessive, 1

floating-point arithmetic, 1

locating, example, 1

with reduction operations, 1

P

PARALLEL environment variable, 1, 2

parallelization, 1, 2

automatic, 1, 2

criteria, 1

CALL, loops with, 1

chunk distribution, 1

data dependency, 1

data race, 1

debugging, 1

definitions, 1

directives

Cray style, 1

OpenMP, 1

Sun style, 1

directives, summary, 1

environment variables, 1

explicit

criteria, 1

loop scheduling, 1

loop scheduling (Cray), 1

scoping rules, 1

scoping variables with Cray directives, 1

inhibitors

to automatic parallelization, 1

to explicit parallelization, 1

nested loops, 1

OpenMP, 1

options summary, 1

private and shared variables, 1

reduction operations, 1

specifying number of processors, 1

specifying stack sizes, 1

-stackvar option, 1

steps to, 1

what to expect, 1

performance

optimization, 1, 2

choosing options, 1

further reading, 1

hand restructurings and portability, 1

inhibitors, 1

inlining calls, 1

libraries, 1

loop unrolling, 1

-On options, 1

OPT=n directive, 1

specifying target hardware, 1

with runtime profile, 1

profiling, 1, 2

gprof, 1

I/O, 1

overhead, 1

tcov, 1

time, 1

Sun Performance Library, 1

performance analyzer, 1

performance library, 1

-pic and -PIC options, 1

porting, 1, 2

accessing files, 1

aliasing, 1

carriage-control, 1

data representation issues, 1

format edit descriptors, 1

Hollerith data, 1

initializing with Hollerith, 1

nonstandard coding, 1

obscure optimizations, 1

precision considerations, 1

strip-mining, 1

time functions, 1

troubleshooting guidelines, 1

uninitialized variables, 1

unrolled loops, 1

position-independent code

(-pic), 1

POSIX

bindings, libFposix, 1

Library, 1

pragma

See directives1

preattached logical units, 1

preconnected units, 1

preprocessor, 1

preserve case, 1

preserving precision, 1

print, asa command, 1

PRIVATE, directive qualifier, 1, 2

process control, dbx, 1

processors (or threads), 1

program analysis, 1, 2

program development tools, 1, 2

make, 1

SCCS, 1

psrinfo SunOS command, 1

pure scalar variable

defined, 1

R

random I/O, 1

README files, 1

READONLY, directive qualifier, 1

recurrence

data dependency, 1

redistributable libraries, 1

reduction operations

data dependency, 1

numerical accuracy, 1

recognized by the compiler, 1

REDUCTION, directive qualifier, 1

referenced but not declared, checking, -Xlist, 1

retrospective summary of exceptions, 1

roundoff

with reduction operations, 1

runtime

arguments to program, 1

S

SAVELAST, directive qualifier, 1, 2

scalar

defined, 1

SCCS

checking in files, 1

checking out files, 1

creating files, 1

creating SCCS directory, 1

inserting keywords, 1

putting files under SCCS, 1

SCHEDTYPE, directive qualifier, 1

scheduling, parallel loops, 1, 2

segmentation fault

due to out-of-bounds subscripts, 1

SELF, directive qualifier, 1

shared library

See libraries, dynamic, 1

SHARED, directive qualifier, 1, 2

sharing I/O, C-Fortran interface, 1

shippable libraries, 1

SIGFPE signal

definition, 1, 2

when generated, 1

SINGLE directive qualifier, 1

Solaris versions supported, 1

source

diagnostics, 1

source code

preprocessor, fpp, 1

utility, fsplit, 1

source code control See SCCS1

SPARC V9, 64-bit environments, 1

stack size and parallelization, 1

STACKSIZE environment variable, 1

-stackvar option, 1

standard files

error, 1

input, 1

output, 1

redirection and piping, 1

standard_arithmetic(), 1

standards, 1

statement checking, -Xlist, 1

static libraries

See libraries, static1

STATIC, directive qualifier, 1

stdio, C-Fortran interface, 1

STOREBACK, directive qualifier, 1

strip-mining

degrades portability, 1

subroutine

compared to function, 1

names, 1

unused, checking, -Xlist, 1

used as a function, checking, -Xlist, 1

suffix rules in make, 1

summing and reduction, automatic parallelization, 1

Sun Performance Library, 1

Sun WorkShop Performance Analyzer, 1

SUNW_MP_THR_IDLE environment variable, 1

suppress

unreferenced identifiers, -Xlist, 1

warnings

-Xlist, 1

T

tab format, 1

tape I/O, 1

end-of-file, 1

files, 1

multifile, 1

target

specifying hardware, 1

task common, 1

TASKCOMMON directive, 1

tcov, 1

and inlining, 1

new style, -xprofile=tcov option, 1

old style, -a option, 1

time command, 1

multiprocessor interpretation, 1

time functions, 1

summarized, 1

VMS routines, 1

TIME VMS routine, 1

timing program execution, 1

TOPEN library routines, 1

transporting See porting1

trapping

exceptions with -ftrap=mode, 1

troubleshooting

program fails, 1

results not close enough, 1

type checking across routines, -Xlist, 1

U

-U option, upper/lower case, 1

undeclared variables, -u option, 1

underflow

abrupt, 1

floating-point arithmetic, 1

gradual (IEEE), 1, 2

simple, 1

with reduction operations, 1

underscore, in external names, 1

uninitialized variables, 1

unit

logical unit attached at runtime, 1

preconnected units, 1

-unroll option, 1

unused functions, subroutines, variables, labels, -Xlist, 1

uppercase, external names, 1

utilities, 1

V

-V option, 1

%VAL(), pass by value, 1

variables

aliased, 1

private and shared, 1, 2

undeclared, checking for with -u, 1

uninitialized, 1

unused, checking, -Xlist, 1

used but unset, checking, -Xlist, 1

version checking, 1

VMS Fortran

file names on INCLUDE, 1

library libV77, 1

time functions, 1

W

watchpoints, dbx, 1

width of output lines, -Xlist, 1

X

-xl[d] option, 1

-Xlist option, global program checking, 1, 2

.fln files directory, 1

call graph, -Xlistc, 1

cross reference, -XlistX, 1

defaults, 1

examples, 1, 2

suboptions, 1, 2

-xmaxopt option, 1

-xprofile option, 1

-xtarget option, 1

Y

Y2K (year 2000) considerations, 1

Z

-ztext option, 1