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Oracle Solaris 11.1 Administration: Devices and File Systems Oracle Solaris 11.1 Information Library |
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Oracle Solaris 11.1 Administration: Devices and File Systems Oracle Solaris 11.1 Information Library |
1. Managing Removable Media (Tasks)
2. Writing CDs and DVDs (Tasks)
4. Dynamically Configuring Devices (Tasks)
5. Managing USB Devices (Tasks)
6. Using InfiniBand Devices (Overview/Tasks)
9. Administering Disks (Tasks)
Administering Disks (Task Map)
How to Identify the Disks on a System
How to Determine if a Disk Is Formatted
How to Display Disk Slice Information
Recovering a Corrupted Disk Label
How to Recover a Corrupted Disk Label
11. Configuring Storage Devices With COMSTAR (Tasks)
12. Configuring and Managing the Oracle Solaris Internet Storage Name Service (iSNS)
13. The format Utility (Reference)
14. Managing File Systems (Overview)
15. Creating and Mounting File Systems (Tasks)
16. Configuring Additional Swap Space (Tasks)
17. Copying Files and File Systems (Tasks)
The labeling of a disk is usually done during system installation or when you are using new disks. You might need to relabel a disk if the disk label becomes corrupted. For example, from a power failure.
The format utility attempts to automatically configure any unlabeled SCSI disk. If the format utility is able to automatically configure an unlabeled disk, it displays a message similar to the following:
c2t3d0: configured with capacity of 136.73GB
If you want to put an EFI label on disk smaller than 2 terabytes, see Example 9-5.
For more information, see How to Use Your Assigned Administrative Rights in Oracle Solaris 11.1 Administration: Security Services.
# format
A numbered list of disks is displayed.
Specify disk (enter its number):1
If the format utility recognizes the disk type, the next step is to search for a backup label to label the disk. Labeling the disk with the backup label labels the disk with the correct partitioning information, the disk type, and disk geometry.
If the disk is unlabeled and was successfully configured, go to Step 5 to label the disk.
The format utility will ask if you want to label the disk.
If the disk is labeled but you want to change the disk type, or if the format utility was not able to automatically configure the disk, proceed to Step 6 to set the disk type and label the disk.
Disk not labeled. Label it now? y
The disk is now labeled. Go to step 10 to exit the format utility.
format> type
The Available Drive Types menu is displayed.
Specify disk type (enter its number)[12]: 12
Or, select 0 to automatically configure a SCSI-2 disk.
Disk not labeled. Label it now? y
Otherwise, you are prompted with this message:
Ready to label disk, continue? y
format> verify
format> q #
Example 9-4 Labeling a Disk
The following example shows how to automatically configure and label a 36-GB disk.
# format
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0t0d0 <SUN36G cyl 24620 alt 2 hd 27 sec 107>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@0,0
1. c0t1d0 <SEAGATE-ST336607LSUN36G-0307-33.92GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@1,0
2. c0t2d0 <SEAGATE-ST336607LSUN36G-0507-33.92GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@2,0
3. c0t3d0 <SEAGATE-ST336607LSUN36G-0507-33.92GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@3,0
Specify disk (enter its number): 3
c0t3d0: configured with capacity of 33.92GB
Disk not labeled. Label it now? yes
format> verify
format> qExample 9-5 Labeling a Disk With an EFI Label
The following example shows how to use the format -e command to label a disk with an EFI label or an SMI (VTOC) label. Remember to verify that your layered software products will continue to work on systems with EFI-labeled disks. For general information on EFI label restrictions, see Restrictions of the EFI Disk Label.
# format -e
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c2t0d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@0,0
1. c2t1d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@1,0
2. c2t2d0 <FUJITSU-MAP3147N SUN146G-0501-136.73GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@2,0
3. c2t3d0 <FUJITSU-MAP3147N SUN146G-0501-136.73GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@3,0
Specify disk (enter its number): 3
selecting c2t3d0
[disk formatted]
format> label
[0] SMI Label
[1] EFI Label
Specify Label type[0]: 1
Ready to label disk, continue? yes
format> quitExample 9-6 Change a EFI-Labeled Disk to an SMI-Labeled Disk
The following example shows how to use the format -e command to change an EFI labeled disk to an SMI-labeled disk that can be used for a ZFS root pool.
On an x86 based system, you will first have to change the EFI fdisk partition to a Solaris partition. For example:
# format -e
select disk ...
format> fdisk
FORMAT MENU:
disk - select a disk
type - select (define) a disk type
Total disk size is 17833 cylinders
Cylinder size is 16065 (512 byte) blocks
Cylinders
Partition Status Type Start End Length %
========= ====== ============ ===== === ====== ===
1 EFI 0 17833 17834 100
SELECT ONE OF THE FOLLOWING:
1. Create a partition
2. Specify the active partition
3. Delete a partition
4. Change between Solaris and Solaris2 Partition IDs
5. Edit/View extended partitions
6. Exit (update disk configuration and exit)
7. Cancel (exit without updating disk configuration)
Enter Selection: 3
Specify the partition number to delete (or enter 0 to exit): 1
This will make all files and
programs in this partition inaccessible (type "y" or "n"). y
Enter Selection: 1
Select the partition type to create:
1=SOLARIS2 2=UNIX 3=PCIXOS 4=Other 5=DOS12
6=DOS16 7=DOSEXT 8=DOSBIG 9=DOS16LBA A=x86 Boot
B=Diagnostic C=FAT32 D=FAT32LBA E=DOSEXTLBA F=EFI (Protective)
G=EFI_SYS 0=Exit? 1
Specify the percentage of disk to use for this partition
(or type "c" to specify the size in cylinders). 100
Should this become the active partition? If yes, it will be activated
each time the computer is reset or turned on.
Please type "y" or "n". y
Enter Selection: 6
Partition 1 is now the active partition.
On a SPARC based system, follow these steps:
# format -e
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c2t0d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@0,0
1. c2t1d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@1,0
2. c2t2d0 <FUJITSU-MAP3147N SUN146G-0501-136.73GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@2,0
3. c2t3d0 <FUJITSU-MAP3147N SUN146G-0501-136.73GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@3,0
Specify disk (enter its number): 3
selecting c2t0d0
[disk formatted]
format> label
[0] SMI Label
[1] EFI Label
Specify Label type[1]: 0
Ready to label disk, continue? yes
You should also check the default partition table to ensure that it is optimal for a root pool slice, which means that the bulk of the disk space is in slice 0. See the steps below to increase the size of slice 0.
format> partition
partition> print
Current partition table (default):
Total disk cylinders available: 14085 + 2 (reserved cylinders)
Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 root wm 1 - 13 129.19MB (13/0/0) 264576
1 swap wu 14 - 26 129.19MB (13/0/0) 264576
2 backup wu 0 - 14086 136.71GB (14087/0/0) 286698624
3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
6 usr wm 27 - 14084 136.43GB (14058/0/0) 286108416
7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
8 boot wu 0 - 0 9.94MB (1/0/0) 20352
9 alternates wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
partition> modify
Select partitioning base:
0. Current partition table (default)
1. All Free Hog
Choose base (enter number) [0]? 1
Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 root wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
1 swap wu 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
2 backup wu 0 - 14084 136.69GB (14085/0/0) 286657920
3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
6 usr wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
8 boot wu 0 - 0 9.94MB (1/0/0) 20352
9 alternates wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
Do you wish to continue creating a new partition
table based on above table[yes]? yes
Free Hog partition[6]? 0
Enter size of partition '1' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '3' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '4' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '5' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '6' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '7' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 root wm 1 - 14084 136.68GB (14084/0/0) 286637568
1 swap wu 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
2 backup wu 0 - 14084 136.69GB (14085/0/0) 286657920
3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
6 usr wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
8 boot wu 0 - 0 9.94MB (1/0/0) 20352
9 alternates wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
Okay to make this the current partition table[yes]? yes
Enter table name (remember quotes): "c2t0d0"
Ready to label disk, continue? yes
partition> quit
format> quit
Examine disk label information by using the prtvtoc command. For a detailed description of the disk label and the information that is displayed by the prtvtoc command, see Chapter 7, Managing Disks (Overview).
For more information, see How to Use Your Assigned Administrative Rights in Oracle Solaris 11.1 Administration: Security Services.
# prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/device-name
where device-name is the raw disk device you want to examine.
Example 9-7 Examining a Disk Label
The following example shows disk label information for a disk with a VTOC label:
# prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c2t3d0s0
* /dev/rdsk/c2t3d0s0 partition map
*
* Dimensions:
* 512 bytes/sector
* 848 sectors/track
* 24 tracks/cylinder
* 20352 sectors/cylinder
* 14089 cylinders
* 14087 accessible cylinders
*
* Flags:
* 1: unmountable
* 10: read-only
*
* First Sector Last
* Partition Tag Flags Sector Count Sector Mount Directory
0 2 00 0 286698624 286698623
2 5 01 0 286698624 286698623
The following example shows disk label information for a root pool disk with an EFI label:
# prtvtoc /dev/dsk/c7t0d0s1
* /dev/dsk/c7t0d0s1 partition map
*
* Dimensions:
* 512 bytes/sector
* 156301488 sectors
* 156301421 accessible sectors
*
* Flags:
* 1: unmountable
* 10: read-only
*
* Unallocated space:
* First Sector Last
* Sector Count Sector
* 34 222 255
*
* First Sector Last
* Partition Tag Flags Sector Count Sector Mount Directory
0 24 00 256 524288 524543
1 4 00 524544 155760527 156285070
8 11 00 156285071 16384 156301454
~#
The following example shows disk label information for a non-root pool disk with an EFI label:
# prtvtoc /dev/dsk/c8t3d0
* /dev/dsk/c8t3d0 partition map
*
* Dimensions:
* 512 bytes/sector
* 143374738 sectors
* 143374671 accessible sectors
*
* Flags:
* 1: unmountable
* 10: read-only
*
* Unallocated space:
* First Sector Last
* Sector Count Sector
* 34 222 255
*
* First Sector Last
* Partition Tag Flags Sector Count Sector Mount Directory
0 4 00 256 143358065 143358320
8 11 00 143358321 16384 143374704
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