Oracle9i Heterogeneous Connectivity Administrator's Guide Release 1 (9.0.1) Part Number A88789_01 |
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Heterogeneous Services initialization files, like all Oracle parameter files, are configuration settings stored as a text file in
You can set Heterogeneous Services parameters by editing the Oracle Transparent Gateway initialization file, or by using the DBMS_HS
package to set them in the data dictionary. String values for Heterogeneous Services parameters must be lowercase.
This section contains the following topics:
HS_COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH
HS_DB_DOMAIN
HS_DB_INTERNAL_NAME
HS_DB_NAME
HS_DESCRIBE_CACHE_HWM
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME
HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL
HS_LANGUAGE
HS_LONG_PIECE_TRANSFER_SIZE
HS_NLS_DATE_FORMAT
HS_NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
HS_NLS_NCHAR
HS_NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
HS_NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT
HS_OPEN_CURSORS
HS_ROWID_CACHE_SIZE
HS_RPC_FETCH_REBLOCKING
HS_RPC_FETCH_SIZE
HS_TIME_ZONE
IFILE
HS_COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH
Default value: |
0 |
Range of values: |
0 to 255 |
Specifies a value that determines the commit point site in a heterogeneous distributed transaction. HS_COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH
is similar to COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH
, described in the Oracle9i Database Reference.
Set HS_COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH
to a value relative to the importance of the site that is the commit point site in a distributed transaction. The Oracle database server or non-Oracle system with the highest commit point strength becomes the commit point site. To ensure that a non-Oracle system never becomes the commit point site, set the value of HS_COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH
to zero.
HS_COMMIT_POINT_STRENGTH
is important only if the non-Oracle system can participate in the two-phase protocol as a regular two-phase commit partner and as the commit point site. This is only the case if the transaction model is two-phase commit confirm (2PCC).
HS_DB_DOMAIN
Default value: |
WORLD |
Range of values: |
1 to 119 characters |
Specifies a unique network sub-address for a non-Oracle system. HS_DB_DOMAIN
is similar to DB_DOMAIN
, described in the Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide and the Oracle9i Database Reference. HS_DB_DOMAIN
is required if you use the Oracle Names server. HS_DB_NAME
and HS_DB_DOMAIN
define the global name of the non-Oracle system.
HS_DB_INTERNAL_NAME
Default value: |
01010101 |
Range of values: |
1 to 16 hexadecimal characters |
Specifies a unique hexadecimal number identifying the instance to which the Heterogeneous Services agent is connected. This parameter's value is used as part of a transaction ID when global name services are activated. Specifying a non-unique number can cause problems when two-phase commit recovery actions are necessary for a transaction.
HS_DB_NAME
Default value: |
HO |
Range of values: |
1 to 8 lowercase characters |
Specifies a unique alphanumeric name for the data store given to the non-Oracle system. This name identifies the non-Oracle system within the cooperative server environment. HS_DB_NAME
and HS_DB_DOMAIN
define the global name of the non-Oracle system.
HS_DESCRIBE_CACHE_HWM
Default value: |
100 |
Range of values: |
1 to 4000 |
Specifies the maximum number of entries in the describe cache used by Heterogeneous Services. This limit is known as the describe cache high water mark. The cache contains descriptions of the mapped tables that Heterogeneous Services reuses so that it does not have to re-access the non-Oracle data store.
If you are accessing many mapped tables, then increase the high water mark to improve performance. Note that increasing the high water mark improves performance at the cost of memory usage.
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO
Default value: |
none |
Range of values: |
not applicable |
Specifies the information needed to bind to the data provider, that is, the non-Oracle system. For generic connectivity, you can bind to an ODBC-based data source or to an OLE DB-based data source. The information that you provide depends on the platform and whether the data source is ODBC or OLE DB-based.
This parameter is required if you are using generic connectivity.
You can use either a file DSN or a System DSN as follows:
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=FILEDSN=
file_dsn
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=
system_dsn
If you are connecting to the data source through the driver for that data source, then precede the DSN by the name of the driver, followed by a semi-colon (;).
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=dsn
Use a universal data link (UDL) with the following formats:
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO="UDLFILE=
data_link
"
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO="
data_link_provider;db
[,CATALOG=
catalog
]"
which allows you to specify the connection details directly, and where:
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME
Default value: |
none |
Range of values: |
not applicable |
Specifies the full path name to the ODBC library. This parameter is required when you are using generic connectivity to access data from an ODBC provider on a UNIX machine.
HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL
Default value: |
OFF |
Range of values: |
ON or OFF |
Specifies whether error tracing is enabled or disabled for generic connectivity. Enable the tracing to see which error messages occur when you encounter problems. The results are written to a generic connectivity log file, in the /log
directory under the $ORACLE_HOME
directory.
HS_LANGUAGE
Default value: |
System-specific |
Range of values: |
Any valid language name (up to 255 characters) |
Provides Heterogeneous Services with character set, language, and territory information of the non-Oracle data source. The value must use the following format:
language[_territory.character_set]
Ideally, the character sets of the Oracle database server and the non-Oracle data source are the same. If they are not the same, Heterogeneous Services attempts to translate the character set of the non-Oracle data source to the Oracle database character set, and back again. The translation can degrade performance. In some cases, Heterogeneous Services cannot translate a character from one character set to another.
The language component of the HS_LANGUAGE
initialization parameter determines:
Note that Oracle9i does not determine the language for error messages for the generic Heterogeneous Services messages (ORA-25000
through ORA-28000
). These are controlled by the session settings in the Oracle database server.
The territory clause specifies the conventions for day and week numbering, default date format, decimal character and group separator, and ISO and local currency symbols. Note that:
HS_NLS_DATE_FORMAT
.
HS_LONG_PIECE_TRANSFER_SIZE
Default value: |
64 KB |
Range of values: |
Any value up to 2 GB |
Sets the size of the piece of LONG
data being transferred. A smaller piece size means less memory requirement, but more round trips to fetch all the data. A larger piece size means fewer round trips, but more of a memory requirement to store the intermediate pieces internally. Thus, the initialization parameter can be used to tune a system for the best performance, with the best trade-off between round trips and memory requirements.
HS_NLS_DATE_FORMAT
Default value: |
Value determined by |
Range of values: |
Any valid date format mask (up to 255 characters) |
Defines the date format for dates used by the target system. This parameter has the same function as the NLS_DATE_FORMAT
parameter for an Oracle database server. The value of can be any valid date mask listed in the Oracle9i Database Reference, but must match the date format of the target system. For example, if the target system stores the date February 14, 2001 as 2001/02/14, set the parameter to yyyy/mm/dd. Note that characters must be lowercase.
HS_NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
Default value: |
Value determined by |
Range of values: |
Any valid |
Specifies the language used in character date values coming from the non-Oracle system. Date formats can be language independent. For example, if the format is dd/mm/yyyy, all three components of the character date are numbers. In the format dd-mon-yyyy, however, the month component is the name abbreviated to three characters. The abbreviation is very much language dependent. For example, the abbreviation for the month April is "apr", which in French is "avr" (Avril).
Heterogeneous Services assumes that character date values fetched from the non-Oracle system are in this format. Also, Heterogeneous Services sends character date bind values in this format to the non-Oracle system.
HS_NLS_NCHAR
Default value: |
Value determined by |
Range of values: |
Any valid national character set (up to 255 characters) |
Informs Heterogeneous Services of the value of the national character set of the non-Oracle data source. This value is the non-Oracle equivalent to the NATIONAL CHARACTER SET
parameter setting in the Oracle CREATE DATABASE
statement. The HS_NLS_NCHAR
value should be the character set ID of a character set supported by the Oracle NLSRTL
library.
HS_NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
Default value: |
Derived from |
Range of values: |
Any valid datetime format mask |
Defines the timestamp format for dates used by the target system. This parameter has the same function as the NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
parameter for an Oracle database server. The value of can be any valid timestamp mask listed in the Oracle9i Database Reference, but it must match the date format of the target system. Note that characters must be lowercase. For example:
HS_NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT = yyyy-mm-dd hh:mi:ss.ff
HS_NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT
Default value: |
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Range of values: |
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Defines the default timestamp with time zone format for the timestamp with time zone format used by the target system. This parameter has the same function as the NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT
parameter for an Oracle database server. The value of can be any valid timestamp with time zone mask listed in the Oracle9i Database Reference, but must match the date format of the target system. Note that characters must be lowercase. For example:
HS_NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT = yyyy-mm-dd hh:mi:ss.ff tzh:tzm
HS_OPEN_CURSORS
Default value: |
50 |
Range of values: |
1 - value of Oracle's |
Defines the maximum number of cursors that can be open on one connection to a non-Oracle system instance.
The value never exceeds the number of open cursors in the Oracle database server. Therefore, setting the same value as the OPEN_CURSORS
initialization parameter in the Oracle database server is recommended.
HS_ROWID_CACHE_SIZE
Default value: |
3 |
Range of values: |
1 to 32767 |
Specifies the size of the Heterogeneous Services cache containing the non-Oracle system equivalent of ROWIDs. The cache contains non-Oracle system ROWIDs needed to support the WHERE CURRENT OF
clause in a SQL statement or a SELECT FOR UPDATE
statement.
When the cache is full, the first slot in the cache is reused, then the second, and so on. Only the last HS_ROWID_CACHE_SIZE
non-Oracle system ROWIDs are cached.
HS_RPC_FETCH_REBLOCKING
Default value: |
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Range of values: |
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Controls whether Heterogeneous Services attempts to optimize performance of data transfer between the Oracle database server and the Heterogeneous Services agent connected to the non-Oracle data store.
The following values are possible:
OFF
disables reblocking of fetched data so that data is immediately sent from agent to server
ON
enables reblocking, which means that data fetched from the non-Oracle system is buffered in the agent and is not sent to the Oracle database server until the amount of fetched data is equal or higher than HS_RPC_FETCH_SIZE
. However, any buffered data is returned immediately when a fetch indicates that no more data exists or when the non-Oracle system reports an error.
HS_RPC_FETCH_SIZE
Default value: |
4000 |
Range of values: |
Decimal integer (byte count) |
Tunes internal data buffering to optimize the data transfer rate between the server and the agent process.
Increasing the value can reduce the number of network round trips needed to transfer a given amount of data, but also tends to increase data bandwidth and to reduce response time or latency as measured between issuing a query and completion of all fetches for the query. Nevertheless, increasing the fetch size can increase latency for the initial fetch results of a query, because the first fetch results are not transmitted until additional data is available.
After the gateway is installed and configured, you can use the gateway to access non-Oracle database system data, pass non-Oracle database system commands from applications to the non-Oracle database system database, perform distributed queries, and copy data.
HS_TIME_ZONE
Default value for '[+ | -] hh:mm': |
Derived from |
Range of values for '[+ | -] hh:mm': |
Any valid datetime format mask |
Specifies the default local time zone displacement for the current SQL session. The format mask, [+|-]hh:mm, is specified to indicate the hours and minutes before or after UTC (Coordinated Universal Time--formerly Greenwich Mean Time) For example:
HS_TIME_ZONE = [+ | -] hh:mm
IFILE
Default value: |
None |
Range of values: |
Valid parameter filenames |
Use IFILE
to embed another initialization file within the current initialization file; the value should be an absolute path and should not contain environment variables; the three levels of nesting limit does not apply.
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