Contents

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Preface

Intended Audience

Documentation Accessibility

Organization

Related Documentation

Conventions

1 Performance Overview

Introduction to Oracle9iAS Performance

Performance Terms

What Is Performance Tuning?

Response Time

System Throughput

Wait Time

Critical Resources

Effects of Excessive Demand

Adjustments to Relieve Problems

Performance Targets

User Expectations

Performance Evaluation

Performance Methodology

Factors in Improving Performance

2 Monitoring Oracle9iAS

Overview of Monitoring Oracle9iAS

Oracle Enterprise Manager

Oracle9iAS Built-in Performance Metrics

Native Operating System Performance Commands

Network Performance Monitoring Tools

Using Oracle9iAS Built-in Performance Metrics

Viewing Performance Metrics Using AggreSpy

AggreSpy URL and Access Control

Viewing Performance Metrics Using dmstool

Access Control for dmstool

Using dmstool to List the Names of All Metrics

Using dmstool to Report Specific Performance Metrics

Using dmstool With the Interval and Count Options

Using dmstool to Report All Metrics with Metric Values

Using dmstool to View Metrics on a Remote Oracle9iAS System

3 Monitoring Oracle HTTP Server

Monitoring Oracle HTTP Server with Oracle Enterprise Manager

Assessing the Oracle HTTP Server Load with Oracle Enterprise Manager

Status Metrics

Response and Load Metrics

Module Metrics

Investigating Oracle HTTP Server Errors with Oracle Enterprise Manager

Categorizing Oracle HTTP Server Problems with Oracle Enterprise Manager

Categorizing Oracle HTTP Server Problems by Module

Categorizing Oracle HTTP Server Problems by Virtual Host

Categorizing Oracle HTTP Server Problems by Child Server

Monitoring Oracle HTTP Server with Built-in Performance Metrics

Assessing the Oracle HTTP Server Load with Built-in Metrics

Investigating Oracle HTTP Server Errors with Built-in Metrics

Categorizing Oracle HTTP Server Performance Problems with Built-in Metrics

Categorizing Oracle HTTP Server Performance Problems by Module

Categorizing Oracle HTTP Server Performance Problems by Virtual Host

Categorizing Oracle HTTP Server Performance Problems by Child Server

4 Monitoring OC4J

Monitoring OC4J With Oracle Enterprise Manager

Monitoring OC4J Instances With Oracle Enterprise Manager

General

Status

Response for Servlets and JSPs

Response for EJBs

JDBC Usage

Monitoring J2EE Applications with Oracle Enterprise Manager

General

Response for Servlets and JSPs

Response for EJBs

Web Module Table

EJB Modules Table

Monitoring OC4J With Built-in Performance Metrics

5 Optimizing Oracle HTTP Server

TCP Tuning Parameters

Setting TCP Parameters

Increasing TCP Connection Table Access Speed

Specifying Retention Time for Connection Table Entries

Increasing the Handshake Queue Length

Changing the Data Transmission Rate

Changing the Data Transfer Window Size

Configuring Oracle HTTP Server Directives

Configuring the MaxClients Directive

How Persistent Connections Can Reduce httpd Process Availability

Logging

Access Logging

Configuring the HostNameLookups Directive

Error logging

Secure Sockets Layer

Oracle HTTP Server Performance Tips

Analyze Static Versus Dynamic Requests

Analyze Time Differences Between Oracle HTTP Server and OC4J Servers

6 Optimizing J2EE Applications In OC4J

OC4J J2EE Application Performance Quickstart

Improving J2EE Application Performance by Configuring OC4J Instance

Setting Java Options for OC4J Processes

Setting the JVM Heap Size for OC4J Processes

Setting the Server Option for OC4J Processes

Setting the Stack Size Option for OC4J Processes

Setting the Concurrentio Option for OC4J Processes

Using Oracle Enterprise Manager to Change OC4J JVM Command Line Options

Setting Up Data Sources - Performance Issues

Emulated and Non-Emulated Data Sources

Using the EJB Aware Location Specified in Emulated Data Sources

Setting the Maximum Open Connections in Data Sources

Setting the Minimum Open Connections in Data Sources

Setting the Cached Connection Inactivity Timeout in Data Sources

Setting the Wait for Free Connection Timeout in Data Sources

Setting the Connection Retry Interval in Data Sources

Setting the Maximum Number of Connection Attempts in Data Sources

Using Oracle Enterprise Manager to Change Data Source Configuration Options

Improving Servlet Performance in Oracle9iAS

Improving Performance by Altering Servlet Configuration Parameters

Loading Servlet Classes at Startup

Servlet Performance Tips

Analyze Servlet Duration

Understand Server Request Load

Find Large Servlets That Require a Long Load Time

Watch for Unused Sessions

Watch for Abnormal Session Usage

Load Servlet Session Security Routines at Startup

Improving JSP Performance in Oracle9iAS

Improving Performance by Altering JSP Configuration Parameters

Using the main_mode Parameter

Improving Performance by Tuning JSP Code

Impact of Session Management on Performance

Using Static Template Text Instead of out.print for Outputting Text

Performance Issues for Buffering JSPs

Using Static Versus Dynamic Includes

Performance Issues for Including Static Content

Improving EJB Performance in Oracle9iAS

Setting server.xml Configuration Parameters for EJBs

Setting the Transaction Configuration Timeout

Setting OC4J Specific Configuration Parameters for EJBs

Configuring Parameters that Apply for All EJBs

Configuring Parameters for CMP Entity Beans

Configuring Parameters for BMP Entity Beans

Configuring Parameters for Session Beans

Using Multiple OC4Js and Limiting Connections

Limiting HTTP Connections

Limiting HTTP Connections with Standalone OC4J

Configuring Multiple OC4J Processes

Configuring Multiple OC4J Processes Using Oracle Enterprise Manager

Balancing Applications Across OC4J Instances

Database Monitoring and Tuning

Improving BC4J Performance in Oracle9iAS

Choose the Right Deployment Configuration

Use Application Module Pooling for Scalability

Perform Global Framework Component Customization Using Custom Subclasses

Use SQL-Only and Forward-Only View Objects when Possible

Do Not Let Your Application Modules Get Too Large

Use the Right Failover Mode

Use View Row Spillover to Lower the Memory to Cache a Large Number of Rows

Choose the Right Style of Bind Parameters

Implement Query Conditions at Design Time if Possible

Use the Right JDBC Fetch Size

Turn off Event Listening in View Objects used in Batch Processes

7 Optimizing Web Cache

Use Two CPUs for Oracle9iAS Web Cache

Configure Enough Memory for Oracle9iAS Web Cache

Make Sure You Have Sufficient Network Bandwidth

Set a Reasonable Number of Network Connections

Connections on UNIX Platforms

Connections on Windows NT and Windows 2000

8 Optimizing PL/SQL Performance

PL/SQL Performance in Oracle9iAS - Overview

Performance Tuning Issues for mod_plsql

Connection Pooling with mod_plsql

Closing Pooled Database Sessions

What Happens to the mod_plsql Connection Pool when the Database Restarts?

Performance Tuning Areas in mod_plsql

PL/SQL Application

Connection Pooling and Oracle HTTP Server Configuration

Tuning the Number of Database Sessions

Two-Listener Strategy

Overhead Problems

The Describe Overhead

Avoiding the Describe Overhead

The Flexible Parameter Passing (four-parameter) Overhead

Using Caching with PL/SQL Web Applications

Using the Validation Technique

Last-Modified

Entity Tag Method

Using the Validation Technique for mod_plsql

Second Request Using the Validation Technique

Using the Expires Technique

Second Request Using the Expires Technique

System- and User-level Caching with PL/SQL Web Applications

PL/SQL Web Toolkit functions (owa_cache package)

Other Oracle HTTP Server Directives

A Oracle9iAS Performance Metrics

Oracle HTTP Server Metrics

Aggregate Module Metrics

HTTP Server Module Metrics

JVM Metrics

JDBC Metrics

JDBC Driver Metrics

JDBC Data Source Metrics

JDBC Driver Specific Connection Metrics

JDBC Data Source Specific Connection Metrics

JDBC Driver Statement Metrics

JDBC Data Source Statement Metrics

J2EE Application Metrics - OC4J Metrics

Web Module Metrics

Web Context Metrics

Servlet Metrics

JSP Metrics

JSP Runtime Metrics

JSP Metrics

EJB Metrics

EJB Bean Metrics

EJB Method Metrics

Portal Metrics

Parallel Page Engine Metrics

JServ Metrics

Overall JServ Metrics

JServ Zone Metrics

JServ Servlet Metrics

JServ JSP Metrics

Index