14
Configuring CSIv2

Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE supports the Common Secure Interoperability Version 2 protocol (CSIv2). CSIv2 specifies different conformance levels; Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE complies with the EJB specification, which requires conformance level 0.

This chapter covers the following topics:

• Introduction to CSIv2 Security Properties

• EJB Server Security Properties in internal-settings.xml

• CSIv2 Security Properties in internal-settings.xml

• CSIv2 Security Properties in ejb_sec.properties

• CSIv2 Security Properties in orion-ejb-jar.xml

• EJB Client Security Properties in ejb_sec.properties

Note: If your application uses JAAS, you must configure the JAAS Provider to use CSIv2; see Table 3-8, "RealmLoginModule Options" for details.

Introduction to CSIv2 Security Properties

Common Secure Interoperability version 2 (CSIv2) is an Object Management Group (OMG) standard for a secure interoperable wire protocol that supports authorization and identity delegation. You configure CSIv2 properties in three different locations:

• internal_settings.xml

• orion-ejb-jar.xml

• ejb_sec.properties

These configuration files are discussed in "CSIv2 Security Properties in internal-settings.xml", "EJB Client Security Properties in ejb_sec.properties", "CSIv2 Security Properties in orion-ejb-jar.xml", and "EJB Client Security Properties in ejb_sec.properties".

EJB Server Security Properties in internal-settings.xml

You specify server security properties in internal-settings.xml.

Note: You cannot edit internal-settings.xml with the Enterprise Manager.

This file specifies certain properties as values within <sep-property> entities. Table 14-1, "EJB Server Security Properties" contains a list of properties.

The table refers to keystore and truststore files, which use the Java Key Store (JKS), a JDK-specified format, to store keys and certificates. A keystore stores a map of private keys and certificates. A truststore stores trusted certificates for the certificate authorities (CAs; such as VeriSign and Thawte).

Table 14-1 EJB Server Security Properties  

Property	Meaning
port	IIOP port number (defaults to 5555)
ssl	true if IIOP/SSL is supported, false otherwise
ssl-port	IIOP/SSL port number (defaults to 5556) This port is used for server-side authentication only. If your application uses client and server authentication, you also need to set ssl-client-server-auth-port.
ssl-client-server-auth-port	Port used for client and server authentication (defaults to 5557). This is the port on which OC4J listens for SSL connections that require both client and server authentication. If not set, OC4J will listen on ssl-port + 1 for client-side authentication.
keystore	Name of keystore (used only if ssl is true)
keystore-password	the keystore password (used only if ssl is true)
trusted-clients	Comma-separated list of hosts whose identity assertions can be trusted. Each entry in the list can be an IP address, a host name, a host name pattern (for instance, *.example.com), or *; * alone means that all clients are trusted. The default is to trust no clients.
truststore	Name of truststore. If you do not specify a truststore for a server, OC4J uses the keystore as the truststore (used only if ssl is true).
truststore-password	Truststore password (can only be set if ssl is true)

Note: In Table 14-1, the properties keystore-password andtruststore-password support password indirection.

If Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE is started by the Oracle Process Management Notification service (OPMN) in an OracleAS (as opposed to standalone) environment, then ports specified in internal-settings.xml are ignored. If OPMN is configured to disable IIOP for a particular Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE instance, then, even though IIOP may be enable through internal-settings.xml (as pointed to by server.xml), IIOP is not enabled.

The following example shows a typical internal-settings.xml file:

<server-extension-provider name="IIOP"
        class="com.oracle.iiop.server.IIOPServerExtensionProvider">
    <sep-property name="port" value="5555" />
    <sep-property name="host" value="localhost" />
    <sep-property name="ssl" value="false" />
    <sep-property name="ssl-port" value="5556" />
    <sep-property name="ssl-client-server-auth-port" value="5557" />
    <sep-property name="keystore" value="keystore.jks" />
    <sep-property name="keystore-password" value="123456" />
    <sep-property name="truststore" value="truststore.jks" />
    <sep-property name="truststore-password" value="123456" />
    <sep-property name="trusted-clients" value="*" />
</server-extension-provider>

Note: Although the default value of port is one less than the default value for ssl-port, this relationship is not required.

Here is the DTD for internal-settings.xml:

<!-- A server extension provider that is to be plugged in to the server. 
--> 
<!ELEMENT server-extension-provider (sep-property*) (#PCDATA)> 
<!ATTLIST server-extension-provider name class CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT sep-property (#PCDATA)> 
<!ATTLIST sep-property name value CDATA #IMPLIED>
<!-- This file contains internal server configuration settings. --> 
<!ELEMENT internal-settings (server-extension-provider*)>

CSIv2 Security Properties in internal-settings.xml

This section discusses the semantics of the values you set within the <sep-property> element in internal_settings.xml. For details of syntax, see "EJB Server Security Properties in internal-settings.xml" .

To use the CSIv2 protocol with Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE, you must both set ssl to true and specify an IIOP/SSL port (ssl-port).

• If you do not set ssl to true, then CSIv2 is not enabled. Setting ssl to true permits clients and servers to use CSIv2, but does not require them to communicate using SSL.

• If you do not specify an ssl-port, then no CSIv2 component tag is inserted by the server into the IOR, even if you configure an <ior-security-config> entity in orion-ejb-jar.xml.

When IIOP/SSL is enabled on the server, Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE listens on two different sockets--one for server authentication alone and one for server and client authentication. You specify the server authentication port within the <sep-property> element; the server and client authentication listener uses the port number immediately following.

For SSL clients using server authentication alone, you can specify:

• Truststore only

• Both keystore and truststore.

• Neither

If you specify neither keystore nor truststore, the handshake may fail if there are no default truststores established by the security provider.

SSL clients using client-side authentication must specify both a keystore and a truststore. The certificate from the keystore is used for client authentication.

CSIv2 Security Properties in ejb_sec.properties

If the client does not use client-side SSL authentication, you must set client.sendpassword in the ejb_sec.properties file in order for the client runtime to insert a security context and send the user name and password. You must also set server.trustedhosts to include your server.

Note: Server-side authentication takes precedence over a user name and password.

If the client does use client-side SSL authentication, the server extracts the DistinguishedName from the client's certificate and then looks it up in the corresponding user manager; it does not perform password authentication.

Trust Relationships

Two types of trust relationships exist:

• Clients trusting servers to transmit user names and passwords using non-SSL connections

• Servers trusting clients to send identity assertions, which delegate an originating client's identity

Clients list trusted servers in the EJB property oc4j.iiop.trustedServers. See Table 14-2, "EJB Client Security Properties" for details. Servers list trusted clients in the trusted-client property of the <sep-property> element in internal-settings.xml. See "EJB Server Security Properties in internal-settings.xml" for details.

Conformance level 0 of the EJB standard defines two ways of handling trust relationships:

• presumed trust, in which the server presumes that the logical client is trustworthy, even if the logical client has not authenticated itself to the server, and even if the connection is not secure

• authenticated trust, in which the target trusts the intermediate server based on authentication either at the transport level or in the trusted-client list or both

  Note: You can also configure the server to both require SSL client-side authentication and also specify a list of trusted client (or intermediate) hosts that are allowed to insert identity assertions.

Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE provides both kinds of trust; you configure trust using the bean's <ior-security-config> element in orion-ejb-jar.xml. See "CSIv2 Security Properties in orion-ejb-jar.xml" for details.

CSIv2 Security Properties in orion-ejb-jar.xml

This section discusses the CSIv2 security properties for an EJB. You configure each individual bean's CSIv2 security policies in its orion-ejb-jar.xml. The CSIv2 security properties are specified within <ior-security-config> elements. Each element contains a <transport-config> element, an <as-context> element, and an <sas-context> element.

The <transport-config> element

This element specifies the transport security level. Each element within <transport-config> must be set to supported, required, or none. None means that the bean neither supports nor uses that feature; supports means that the bean permits the client to use the feature; required means that the bean insists that the client use the feature. The elements are:

• <integrity>--Is there a guarantee that all transmissions are received exactly as they were transmitted?

• <confidentiality>--Is there a guarantee that no third party was able to read transmissions?

• <establish-trust-in-target>--Does the server authenticate itself to the client?

• <establish-trust-in-client>--Does the client authenticate itself to the server?

  Notes: If you set <establish-trust-in-client> to required, this overrides specifying username_password in <as-context>. If you do this, you must also set the <required> node value in the <as-context> section to false; otherwise access permission issues will arise. Setting any of the <transport-config> properties to required means that the bean will use RMI/IIOP/SSL to communicate.

The <as-context> element

This element specifies the message-level authentication properties.

• <auth-method>--Must be set to either username_password or none. If set to username_password, beans use user names and passwords to authenticate the caller.

• <realm>--Must be set to default at this release.

• <required>--If set to true, the bean requires the caller to specify a user name and password.

The <sas-context> element

This element specifies the identity delegation properties. It has one element, <caller-propagation>, which can be set to supported, required, or none. If the <caller-propagation> element is set to supported, then this bean accepts delegated identities from intermediate servers. If it is set to required, then this bean requires all other beans to transmit delegated identities. If set to none, this bean does not support identity delegation.

An example:

<ior-security-config> 
  <transport-config> 
    <integrity>supported</integrity> 
    <confidentiality>supported</confidentiality> 
    <establish-trust-in-target>supported</establish-trust-in-target> 
    <establish-trust-in-client>supported</establish-trust-in-client> 
  </transport-config> 
  <as-context> 
    <auth-method>username_password</auth-method> 
    <realm>default</realm> 
    <required>true</required> 
  </as-context> 
  <sas-context> 
    <caller-propagation>supported</caller-propagation> 
  </sas-context> 
</ior-security-config> 

DTD

The DTD for the <ior-security-config> element is:

<!ELEMENT ior-security-config (transport-config?, as-context? 
sas-context?) >
<!ELEMENT transport-config (integrity, confidentiality, 
establish-trust-in-target, establish-trust-in-client) >
<!ELEMENT as-context (auth-method, realm, required) >
<!ELEMENT sas-context (caller-propagation) >
<!ELEMENT integrity (#PCDATA) > 
<!ELEMENT confidentiality (#PCDATA)> 
<!ELEMENT establish-trust-in-target (#PCDATA) > 
<!ELEMENT establish-trust-in-client (#PCDATA) >
<!ELEMENT auth-method (#PCDATA) > 
<!ELEMENT realm (#PCDATA) > 
<!ELEMENT required (#PCDATA)> <!-- Must be true or false --> 
<!ELEMENT caller-propagation (#PCDATA) >

EJB Client Security Properties in ejb_sec.properties

Any client, whether running inside a server or not, has EJB security properties. Table 14-2 lists the EJB client security properties controlled by the ejb_sec.properties file. By default, Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE searches for this file in the current directory when running as a client or in J2EE_HOME/config when running in the server. You can specify this file's location explicitly with -Dejb_sec_properties_location=pathname.

Table 14-2 EJB Client Security Properties  

Property	Meaning
# oc4j.iiop.keyStoreLoc	The path name for the keystore.
# oc4j.iiop.keyStorePass	The password for the keystore.
# oc4j.iiop.trustStoreLoc	The path name for the truststore.
# oc4j.iiop.trustStorePass	The password for the truststore.
# oc4j.iiop.enable.clientauth	Whether the client supports client-side authentication. If this property is set to true, you must specify a keystore location and password.
oc4j.iiop.ciphersuites	Which cipher suites are to be enabled. The valid cipher suites are: TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA TLS_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5 SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5 TLS_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA
nameservice.useSSL	Whether to use SSL when making the initial connection to the server.
client.sendpassword	Whether to send user name and password in clear form (unencrypted) in the service context when not using SSL. If this property is set to true, the user name and password are sent only to servers listed in the trustedServer list.
oc4j.iiop.trustedServers	A list of servers that can be trusted to receive passwords sent in clear form. Has no effect if client.sendpassword is set to false. The list is comma-separated. Each entry in the list can be an IP address, a host name, a host name pattern (for instance, *.example.com), or *; * alone means that all servers are trusted.

Note: The properties marked with a # can be set either in ejb_sec.properties or as system properties. The settings in ejb_sec.properties always override settings specified as system properties.