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Administering Transactions

 

This topic includes the following sections:

Before you begin, you should read Introducing Transactions.

Note: The administrative information applies whether you are using the Bootstrap object or the CORBA interoperable Naming Service (INS) to obtain initial object references to the BEA Tuxedo ORB.

 


Modifying the UBBCONFIG File to Accommodate Transactions

This topic includes the following sections:

Summary of Steps

To accommodate transactions, you must modify the RESOURCES, MACHINES, GROUPS, and the INTERFACES or SERVICES sections of the application's UBBCONFIG file in the following ways:

For instructions about modifying these sections in the UBBCONFIG file, see Creating a Configuration File in the Setting Up a BEA Tuxedo Application.

Step 1: Specify Application-wide Transactions in the RESOURCES Section

Table 5-1 provides a description of transaction-related parameters in the RESOURCES section of the configuration file.

Table 5-1 Transaction-related Parameters in the RESOURCES Section

Parameter

Meaning

MAXGTT

Limits the total number of global transaction identifiers (GTRIDs) allowed on one machine at one time. The maximum value allowed is 2048, the minimum is 0, and the default is 100. You can override this value on a per-machine basis in the MACHINES section.

Entries remain in the table only while the global transaction is active, so this parameter has the effect of setting a limit on the number of simultaneous transactions.

CMTRET

Specifies the initial setting of the TP_COMMIT_CONTROL characteristic. The default is COMPLETE. Following are its two settings:

Note: You should consult with the RM vendors to determine the appropriate setting. If any RM in the application uses the late commit implementation of the XA standard, the setting should be COMPLETE. If all the resource managers use the early commit implementation, the setting should be LOGGED for performance reasons. (You can override this setting with tpscmt().)


 

Step 2: Create a Transaction Log (TLOG)

This section discusses creating a transaction log (TLOG), which refers to a log in which information on transactions is kept until the transaction is completed.

Creating the UDL

The Universal Device List (UDL) is like a map of the BEA Tuxedo file system. The UDL gets loaded into shared memory when an application is booted. To create an entry in the UDL for the TLOG device, create the UDL on each machine using global transactions. If the TLOGDEVICE is mirrored between two machines, it is unnecessary to do this on the paired machine. The Bulletin Board Liaison (BBL) then initializes and opens the TLOG during the boot process.

To create the UDL, enter a command using the following format, before the application has been booted:

tmadmin -c crdl -z config -b blocks

where

-z config

Specifies the full pathname for the device where you should create the UDL.

-b blocks

Specifies the number of blocks to be allocated on the device.

config

Should match the value of the TLOGDEVICE parameter in the MACHINES section of the UBBCONFIG file.

:

Note: In general, the value that you supply for blocks should not be less than the value for TLOGSIZE. For example, if TLOGSIZE is specified as 200 blocks, specifying -b 500 would not cause a degradation.

For more information about storing the TLOG, see Installing the BEA Tuxedo System.

Defining Transaction-related Parameters in the MACHINES Section

You can define a global transaction log (TLOG) using several parameters in the MACHINES section of the UBBCONFIG file. You must manually create the device list entry for the TLOGDEVICE on each machine where a TLOG is needed. You can do this either before or after TUXCONFIG has been loaded, but it must be done before the system is booted.

Note: If you are not using transactions, the TLOG parameters are not required.

Table 5-2 provides a description of transaction-related parameters in the MACHINES section of the configuration file.

Table 5-2 Transaction-related Parameters in the MACHINES Section

Parameter

Meaning

TLOGNAME

The name of the DTP transaction log for this machine.

TLOGDEVICE

Specifies the BEA Tuxedo or BEA Tuxedo file system that contains the DTP transaction log (TLOG) for this machine. If this parameter is not specified, the machine is assumed not to have a TLOG. The maximum string value length is 64 characters.

TLOGSIZE

The size of the TLOG file in physical pages. Its value must be between 1 and 2048, and its default is 100. The value should be large enough to hold the number of outstanding transactions on the machine at a given time. One transaction is logged per page. The default should suffice for most applications.

TLOGOFFSET

Specifies the offset in pages from the beginning of TLOGDEVICE to the start of the VTOC that contains the transaction log for this machine.The number must be greater than or equal to 0 and less than the number of pages on the device. The default is 0.

TLOGOFFSET is rarely necessary. However, if two VTOCs share the same device or if a VTOC is stored on a device (such as a file system) that is shared with another application, you can use TLOGOFFSET to indicate a starting address relative to the address of the device.


 

Creating the Domains Transaction Log (BEA Tuxedo ATMI Servers Only)

This section applies to the ATMI servers only.

You can create the Domains transaction log before starting the Domains gateway group by using the following command:

dmadmin(1) crdmlog (crdlog) -d local_domain_name

Create the Domains transaction log for the named local domain on the current machine (the machine on which dmadmin is running). The command uses the parameters specified in the DMCONFIG file. This command fails if the named local domain is active on the current machine or if the log already exists. If the transaction log has not been created, the Domains gateway group creates the log when it starts up.

Step 3: Define Each Resource Manager (RM) and the Transaction Manager Server in the GROUPS Section

Additions to the GROUPS section fall into two categories:

Sample GROUPS Section

The following sample GROUPS section derives from the bankapp banking application:

BANKB1 GRPNO=1 TMSNAME=TMS_SQL TMSCOUNT=2
OPENINFO="TUXEDO/SQL:<APPDIR>/bankdl1:bankdb:readwrite"

Table 5-3 describes the transaction values specified in this sample GROUPS section.

Table 5-3 Transaction Values in the GROUPS Section of a Sample UBBCONFIG File

Transaction Value

Meaning

BANKB1 GRPNO=1 TMSNAME=TMS_SQL\ TMSCOUNT=2

Contains the name of the Transaction Manager Server (TMS_SQL) and the number (2) of these servers to be booted in the group BANKB1

TUXEDO/SQL

Published name of the resource manager

<APPDIR>/bankdl1

Includes a device name

bankdb

Database name

readwrite

Access mode


 

Characteristics of the TMSNAME, TMSCOUNT, OPENINFO, and CLOSEINFO Parameters

Table 5-4 lists the characteristics of the TMSNAME, TMSCOUNT, OPENINFO, and CLOSEINFO parameters.

Table 5-4 Characteristics of the TMSNAME, TMSCOUNT, OPENINFO, and CLOSEINFO Parameters

Parameter

Characteristics

TMSNAME

Name of the Transaction Manager Server executable.

Required parameter for transactional configurations.

TMS is a NULL Transactional Manager Server.

TMSCOUNT

Number of Transaction Manager Servers (must be between 2 and 10).

Default is 3.

OPENINFO

CLOSEINFO

Represents information to open or close a resource manager.

Content depends on the specific resource manager.

Starts with the name of the resource manager.

Omission means the resource manager needs no information to open.


 

Step 4: Enable an Interface to Begin a Transaction

To enable an interface to begin a transaction, you change different sections in the UBBCONFIG file, depending on whether you are configuring a BEA Tuxedo CORBA server or BEA Tuxedo ATMI server.

Changing the INTERFACES Section (BEA Tuxedo CORBA Servers)

The INTERFACES section in the UBBCONFIG file supports BEA Tuxedo CORBA interfaces:

Table 5-5 describes the characteristics of the AUTOTRAN, TRANTIME, and FACTORYROUTING parameters.

Table 5-5 Characteristics of the AUTOTRAN, TRANTIME, and FACTORYROUTING Parameters

Parameter

Characteristics

AUTOTRAN

TRANTIME

FACTORYROUTING


 

Changing the SERVICES Section (BEA Tuxedo ATMI Servers)

The following are three transaction-related features in the SERVICES section:

Table 5-6 describes the characteristics of the AUTOTRAN, TRANTIME, and ROUTING parameters:

Table 5-6 Characteristics of the AUTOTRAN, TRANTIME, and ROUTING Parameters

Parameter

Characteristics

AUTOTRAN

Makes a service the initiator of a transaction.

Relieves the client of the transactional burden.

If a transaction already exists, a new one is not started.

Default is N.

TRANTIME

Represents the timeout for the AUTOTRAN transactions.

Valid values are between 0 and 231 - 1, inclusive.

0 represents no timeout.

Default is 30 seconds.

ROUTING

Points to an entry in the ROUTING section where data-dependent routing is specified for transactions that request this service.


 

 


Modifying the Domain Configuration File to Support Transactions (BEA Tuxedo CORBA Servers)

This topic includes the following sections:

To enable transactions across domains, you need to set parameters in both the DM_LOCAL_DOMAINS and the DM_REMOTE_SERVICES sections of the Domains configuration file (DMCONFIG). Entries in the DM_LOCAL_DOMAINS section define local domain characteristics. Entries in the DM_REMOTE_SERVICES section define information on services that are imported and that are available on remote domains.

Characteristics of the DMTLOGDEV, DMTLOGNAME, DMTLOGSIZE, MAXRDTRAN, and MAXTRAN Parameters

The DM_LOCAL_DOMAINS section of the Domains configuration file identifies local domains and their associated gateway groups. This section must have an entry for each gateway group (local domain). Each entry specifies the parameters required for the Domains gateway processes running in that group.

Table 5-7 provides a description of the five transaction-related parameters in this section: DMTLOGDEV, DMTLOGNAME, DMTLOGSIZE, MAXRDTRAN, and MAXTRAN.

Table 5-7 Characteristics of the DMTLOGDEV, DMTLOGNAME, DMTLOGSIZE, MAXRDTRAN, and MAXTRAN Parameters

Parameter

Characteristics

DMTLOGDEV

Specifies the BEA Tuxedo file system that contains the Domains transaction log (DMTLOG) for this machine. The DMTLOG is stored as a BEA Tuxedo VTOC table on the device. If this parameter is not specified, the Domains gateway group is not allowed to process requests in transaction mode. Local domains running on the same machine can share the same DMTLOGDEV file system, but each local domain must have its own log (a table in the DMTLOGDEV) named as specified by the DMTLOGNAME keyword.

DMTLOGNAME

Specifies the name of the Domains transaction log for this domain. This name must be unique when the same DMTLOGDEV is used for several local domains. If a value is not specified, the value defaults to the string DMTLOG. The name must contain 30 characters or less.

DMTLOGSIZE

Specifies the numeric size of the Domains transaction log for this machine (in pages). It must be greater than zero and less than the amount of available space on the BEA Tuxedo file system. If a value is not specified, the value defaults to 100 pages.

Note: The number of domains in a transaction determine the number of pages you must specify in the DMTLOGSIZE parameter. One transaction does not necessarily equal one log page.

MAXRDTRAN

Specifies the maximum number of domains that can be involved in a transaction. It must be greater than zero and less than 32,768. If a value is not specified, the value defaults to 16.

MAXTRAN

Specifies the maximum number of simultaneous global transactions allowed on this local domain. It must be greater than or equal to zero, and less than or equal to the MAXGTT parameter specified in the TUXCONFIG file. If not specified, the default is the value of MAXGTT.


 

Characteristics of the AUTOTRAN and TRANTIME Parameters (BEA Tuxedo CORBA and ATMI Servers)

The DM_REMOTE_SERVICES section of the Domains configuration file identifies information on services imported and available on remote domains. Remote services are associated with a particular remote domain.

Table 5-8 describes the two transaction-related parameters in this section: AUTOTRAN and TRANTIME.

Table 5-8 Characteristics of the AUTOTRAN and TRANTIME Parameters

Parameter

Characteristics

AUTOTRAN

Used by gateways to automatically start/terminate transactions for remote services. This capability is required if you want to enforce reliable network communication with remote services. You specify this capability by setting the AUTOTRAN parameter to Y in the corresponding remote service definition.

TRANTIME

Specifies the default timeout value in seconds for a transaction automatically started for the associated service. The value must be greater than or equal to zero, and less than 2147483648. The default is 30 seconds. A value of zero implies the maximum timeout value for the machine.


 

 


Sample Distributed Application Using Transactions

This topic includes the following sections:

This topic describes a sample configuration file for a sample CORBA application that enables transactions and distributes the application over three sites. The application includes the following features:

The configuration file includes seven sections: RESOURCES, MACHINES, GROUPS, NETWORK, SERVERS, SERVICES, and ROUTING.

RESOURCES Section

The RESOURCES section shown in Listing 5-1 specifies the following parameters:

MACHINES Section

The MACHINES section shown in Listing 5-2 specifies the following parameters:

GROUPS and NETWORK Sections

The GROUPS and NETWORK sections shown in Listing 5-3 specify the following parameters:

SERVERS, SERVICES, and ROUTING Sections

The SERVERS, SERVICES, and ROUTING sections shown in Listing 5-4 specify the following parameters:

 

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