| Oracle Database SQL言語クイック・リファレンス 11g リリース1（11.1） E05749-02 |
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この章では、Oracle SQL文の構文について説明します。
この章では、次の項目について説明します。
SQL文は、プログラムおよびユーザーがOracle Databaseのデータにアクセスするための手段です。
この項では、各SQL文および関連する構文を示します。副次句の構文については、第5章「副次句」を参照してください。
|
参照: Oracle SQLの詳細は、『Oracle Database SQL言語リファレンス』を参照してください。 |
ALTER CLUSTER [ schema. ]cluster
{ physical_attributes_clause
| SIZE size_clause
| allocate_extent_clause
| deallocate_unused_clause
| { CACHE | NOCACHE }
} ...
[ parallel_clause ] ;
ALTER DATABASE [ database ]
{ startup_clauses
| recovery_clauses
| database_file_clauses
| logfile_clauses
| controlfile_clauses
| standby_database_clauses
| default_settings_clauses
| instance_clauses
| security_clause
} ;
ALTER DIMENSION [ schema. ] dimension
{ ADD { level_clause
| hierarchy_clause
| attribute_clause
| extended_attribute_clause
}
} ...
|
{ DROP { LEVEL level [ RESTRICT | CASCADE ]
| HIERARCHY hierarchy
| ATTRIBUTE attribute [ LEVEL level [ COLUMN column ] ]...
}
} ...
|
COMPILE
;
ALTER DISKGROUP
{ { diskgroup_name
{ { add_disk_clause | drop_disk_clause }
[, { add_disk_clause | drop_disk_clause } ]...
| resize_disk_clauses
} [ rebalance_diskgroup_clause ]
| { disk_online_clause
| disk_offline_clause
| rebalance_diskgroup_clause
| check_diskgroup_clause
| diskgroup_template_clauses
| diskgroup_directory_clauses
| diskgroup_alias_clauses
| diskgroup_attributes
| drop_diskgroup_file_clause
}
| { diskgroup_name [, diskgroup_name ] ...
| ALL
} { undrop_disk_clause
| diskgroup_availability
}
}
ALTER FLASHBACK ARCHIVE flashback_archive
{ SET DEFAULT
| { ADD | MODIFY } TABLESPACE tablespace [flashback_archive_quota]
| REMOVE TABLESPACE tablespace_name
| MODIFY RETENTION flashback_archive_retention
| PURGE { ALL
| BEFORE { SCN expr | TIMESTAMP expr}
}
};
ALTER FUNCTION [ schema. ] function function_compile_clause;
ALTER INDEX [ schema. ]index
{ { deallocate_unused_clause
| allocate_extent_clause
| shrink_clause
| parallel_clause
| physical_attributes_clause
| logging_clause
} ...
| rebuild_clause
| PARAMETERS ( 'ODCI_parameters' )
)
| COMPILE
| { ENABLE | DISABLE }
| UNUSABLE
| VISIBLE | INVISIBLE
| RENAME TO new_name
| COALESCE
| { MONITORING | NOMONITORING } USAGE
| UPDATE BLOCK REFERENCES
| alter_index_partitioning
}
;
ALTER INDEXTYPE [ schema. ] indextype
{ { { ADD | DROP } [ schema. ] operator ( parameter_types ) } ...
[ using_type_clause ]
| COMPILE
} [ WITH LOCAL RANGE PARTITION ] [ storage_table_clause ]
;
ALTER JAVA
{ SOURCE | CLASS } [ schema. ]object_name
[ RESOLVER
( ( match_string [, ] { schema_name | - } )... )
]
{ { COMPILE | RESOLVE }
| invoker_rights_clause
} ;
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
[ schema. ] materialized_view
[ physical_attributes_clause
| table_compression
| LOB_storage_clause [, LOB_storage_clause ]...
| modify_LOB_storage_clause [, modify_LOB_storage_clause ]...
| alter_table_partitioning
| parallel_clause
| logging_clause
| allocate_extent_clause
| shrink_clause
| { CACHE | NOCACHE }
]
[ alter_iot_clauses ]
[ USING INDEX physical_attributes_clause ]
[ MODIFY scoped_table_ref_constraint
| alter_mv_refresh
]
[ { ENABLE | DISABLE } QUERY REWRITE
| COMPILE
| CONSIDER FRESH
] ;
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG [ FORCE ]
ON [ schema. ]table
[ physical_attributes_clause
| alter_table_partitioning
| parallel_clause
| logging_clause
| allocate_extent_clause
| shrink_clause
| { CACHE | NOCACHE }
]
[ ADD
{ { OBJECT ID
| PRIMARY KEY
| ROWID
| SEQUENCE
} [ (column [, column ]...) ]
| (column [, column ]... )
} [, { { OBJECT ID
| PRIMARY KEY
| ROWID
| SEQUENCE
}
[ (column [, column ]...) ]
| (column [, column ]...)
}
]...
[ new_values_clause ]
] ;
ALTER OPERATOR [ schema. ] operator
{ add_binding_clause
| drop_binding_clause
| COMPILE
} ;
ALTER OUTLINE [ PUBLIC | PRIVATE ] outline
{ REBUILD
| RENAME TO new_outline_name
| CHANGE CATEGORY TO new_category_name
| { ENABLE | DISABLE }
} ...
;
ALTER PACKAGE [ schema. ] package package_compile_clause;
ALTER PROCEDURE [ schema. ] procedure procedure_compile_clause;
ALTER PROFILE profile LIMIT
{ resource_parameters | password_parameters } ...
;
ALTER RESOURCE COST
{ { CPU_PER_SESSION
| CONNECT_TIME
| LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION
| PRIVATE_SGA
} integer
} ...
;
ALTER ROLE role
{ NOT IDENTIFIED
| IDENTIFIED
{ BY password
| USING [ schema. ] package
| EXTERNALLY
| GLOBALLY
}
} ;
ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment
{ ONLINE
| OFFLINE
| storage_clause
| SHRINK [ TO size_clause ]
};
ALTER SEQUENCE [ schema. ] sequence
{ INCREMENT BY integer
| { MAXVALUE integer | NOMAXVALUE }
| { MINVALUE integer | NOMINVALUE }
| { CYCLE | NOCYCLE }
| { CACHE integer | NOCACHE }
| { ORDER | NOORDER }
} ...
;
ALTER SESSION
{ ADVISE { COMMIT | ROLLBACK | NOTHING }
| CLOSE DATABASE LINK dblink
| { ENABLE | DISABLE } COMMIT IN PROCEDURE
| { ENABLE | DISABLE } GUARD
| { ENABLE | DISABLE | FORCE } PARALLEL
{ DML | DDL | QUERY } [ PARALLEL integer ]
| { ENABLE RESUMABLE [ TIMEOUT integer ] [ NAME string ]
| DISABLE RESUMABLE
}
| alter_session_set_clause
} ;
ALTER SYSTEM
{ archive_log_clause
| checkpoint_clause
| check_datafiles_clause
| distributed_recov_clauses
| FLUSH { SHARED_POOL | BUFFER_CACHE }
| end_session_clauses
| SWITCH LOGFILE
| { SUSPEND | RESUME }
| quiesce_clauses
| rolling_migration_clauses
| alter_system_security_clauses
| shutdown_dispatcher_clause
| REGISTER
| SET alter_system_set_clause
[ alter_system_set_clause ]...
| RESET alter_system_reset_clause
[ alter_system_reset_clause ]...
} ;
ALTER TABLE [ schema. ] table
[ alter_table_properties
| column_clauses
| constraint_clauses
| alter_table_partitioning
| alter_external_table_clauses
| move_table_clause
]
[ enable_disable_clause
| { ENABLE | DISABLE } { TABLE LOCK | ALL TRIGGERS }
] ...
;
ALTER TABLESPACE tablespace
{ DEFAULT [ table_compression ] storage_clause
| MINIMUM EXTENT size_clause
| RESIZE size_clause
| COALESCE
| SHRINK SPACE [ KEEP size_clause]
| RENAME TO new_tablespace_name
| { BEGIN | END } BACKUP
| datafile_tempfile_clauses
| tablespace_logging_clauses
| tablespace_group_clause
| tablespace_state_clauses
| autoextend_clause
| flashback_mode_clause
| tablespace_retention_clause
} ;
ALTER TRIGGER [ schema. ] trigger
{ ENABLE
| DISABLE
| RENAME TO new_name
| trigger_compile_clause
} ;
ALTER TYPE [ schema. ]type alter_type_clauses;
ALTER USER
{ user
{ IDENTIFIED
{ BY password [ REPLACE old_password ]
| EXTERNALLY [ AS 'certificate_DN' ]
| GLOBALLY [ AS '[directory_DN]' ]
}
| DEFAULT TABLESPACE tablespace
| TEMPORARY TABLESPACE { tablespace | tablespace_group_name }
| { QUOTA { size_clause
| UNLIMITED
} ON tablespace
} ...
| PROFILE profile
| DEFAULT ROLE { role [, role ]...
| ALL [ EXCEPT role [, role ] ... ]
| NONE
}
| PASSWORD EXPIRE
| ACCOUNT { LOCK | UNLOCK }
} ...
| user [, user ]... proxy_clause
} ;
ALTER VIEW [ schema. ] view
{ ADD out_of_line_constraint
| MODIFY CONSTRAINT constraint
{ RELY | NORELY }
| DROP { CONSTRAINT constraint
| PRIMARY KEY
| UNIQUE (column [, column ]...)
}
| COMPILE
} ;
ANALYZE
{ { TABLE [ schema. ] table
| INDEX [ schema. ] index
} [ partition_extension_clause ]
| CLUSTER [ schema. ] cluster
}
{ validation_clauses
| LIST CHAINED ROWS [ into_clause ]
| DELETE [ SYSTEM ] STATISTICS
} ;
ASSOCIATE STATISTICS WITH
{ column_association | function_association }
[ storage_table_clause ] ;
AUDIT
{ audit_operation_clause
| audit_schema_object_clause
| NETWORK
} [ BY { SESSION | ACCESS } ]
[ WHENEVER [ NOT ] SUCCESSFUL ]
;
CALL
{ routine_clause
| object_access_expression
}
[ INTO :host_variable
[ [ INDICATOR ] :indicator_variable ] ] ;
COMMENT ON
{ TABLE [ schema. ] { table | view }
| COLUMN [ schema. ]
{ table. | view. | materialized_view. } column
| OPERATOR [ schema. ] operator
| INDEXTYPE [ schema. ] indextype
| MATERIALIZED VIEW materialized_view
| MINING MODEL [ schema. ] model
}
IS string ;
COMMIT [ WORK ]
[ [ COMMENT string ]
| [ WRITE [ WAIT | NOWAIT ] [ IMMEDIATE | BATCH ]
]
| FORCE { string [, integer ]
| CORRUPT_XID string
| CORRUPT_XID_ALL
}
] ;
CREATE CLUSTER [ schema. ] cluster
(column datatype [ SORT ]
[, column datatype [ SORT ] ]...
)
[ { physical_attributes_clause
| SIZE size_clause
| TABLESPACE tablespace
| { INDEX
| [ SINGLE TABLE ]
HASHKEYS integer [ HASH IS expr ]
}
}...
]
[ parallel_clause ]
[ NOROWDEPENDENCIES | ROWDEPENDENCIES ]
[ CACHE | NOCACHE ] ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] CONTEXT namespace
USING [ schema. ] package
[ INITIALIZED { EXTERNALLY | GLOBALLY }
| ACCESSED GLOBALLY
] ;
CREATE CONTROLFILE
[ REUSE ] [ SET ] DATABASE database
[ logfile_clause ]
{ RESETLOGS | NORESETLOGS }
[ DATAFILE file_specification
[, file_specification ]... ]
[ MAXLOGFILES integer
| MAXLOGMEMBERS integer
| MAXLOGHISTORY integer
| MAXDATAFILES integer
| MAXINSTANCES integer
| { ARCHIVELOG | NOARCHIVELOG }
| FORCE LOGGING
]...
[ character_set_clause ] ;
CREATE DATABASE [ database ]
{ USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY password
| USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY password
| CONTROLFILE REUSE
| MAXDATAFILES integer
| MAXINSTANCES integer
| CHARACTER SET charset
| NATIONAL CHARACTER SET charset
| SET DEFAULT
{ BIGFILE | SMALLFILE } TABLESPACE
| database_logging_clauses
| tablespace_clauses
| set_time_zone_clause
}... ;
CREATE [ SHARED ] [ PUBLIC ] DATABASE LINK dblink
[ CONNECT TO
{ CURRENT_USER
| user IDENTIFIED BY password [ dblink_authentication ]
}
| dblink_authentication
]...
[ USING connect_string ] ;
CREATE DIMENSION [ schema. ] dimension
level_clause ...
{ hierarchy_clause
| attribute_clause
| extended_attribute_clause
}...
;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] DIRECTORY directory AS 'path_name' ;
CREATE DISKGROUP diskgroup_name
[ { HIGH | NORMAL | EXTERNAL } REDUNDANCY ]
{ [ FAILGROUP failgroup_name ]
DISK qualified_disk_clause [, qualified_disk_clause]...
} ...
[ ATTRIBUTE { 'attribute_name' = 'attribute_value' }... ]
;
CREATE FLASHBACK ARCHIVE [DEFAULT] flashback_archive TABLESPACE tablespace [flashback_archive_quota] flashback_archive_retention ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] FUNCTION plsql_source
CREATE [ UNIQUE | BITMAP ] INDEX [ schema. ] index
ON { cluster_index_clause
| table_index_clause
| bitmap_join_index_clause
}
[ UNUSABLE ] ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] INDEXTYPE [ schema. ] indextype
FOR [ schema. ] operator (paramater_type [, paramater_type ]...)
[, [ schema. ] operator (paramater_type [, paramater_type ]...)
]...
using_type_clause
[WITH LOCAL RANGE PARTITION ]
[ storage_table_clause ]
;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] [ AND { RESOLVE | COMPILE } ] [ NOFORCE ]
JAVA { { SOURCE | RESOURCE } NAMED [ schema. ] primary_name
| CLASS [ SCHEMA schema ]
}
[ invoker_rights_clause ]
[ RESOLVER ( (match_string [,] { schema_name | - })...) ]
{ USING { BFILE (directory_object_name, server_file_name)
| { CLOB | BLOB | BFILE } subquery
| 'key_for_BLOB'
}
| AS source_char
}
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] LIBRARY [ schema. ] libname
{ IS | AS } 'filename' [ AGENT 'agent_dblink' ] ;
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW [ schema. ] materialized_view
[ column_alias [, column_alias]... ]
[ OF [ schema. ] object_type ]
[ (scoped_table_ref_constraint) ]
{ ON PREBUILT TABLE
[ { WITH | WITHOUT } REDUCED PRECISION ]
| physical_properties materialized_view_props
}
[ USING INDEX
[ physical_attributes_clause
| TABLESPACE tablespace
]...
| USING NO INDEX
]
[ create_mv_refresh ]
[ FOR UPDATE ]
[ { DISABLE | ENABLE } QUERY REWRITE ]
AS subquery ;
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG ON [ schema. ] table
[ physical_attributes_clause
| TABLESPACE tablespace
| logging_clause
| { CACHE | NOCACHE }
]...
[ parallel_clause ]
[ table_partitioning_clauses ]
[ WITH { OBJECT ID
| PRIMARY KEY
| ROWID
| SEQUENCE
| (column [, column ]...)
}
[, { OBJECT ID
| PRIMARY KEY
| ROWID
| SEQUENCE
| (column [, column ]...)
}
]...
[ new_values_clause ]
] ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] OPERATOR [ schema. ] operator binding_clause ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] [ PUBLIC | PRIVATE ] OUTLINE [ outline ] [ FROM [ PUBLIC | PRIVATE ] source_outline ] [ FOR CATEGORY category ] [ ON statement ] ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] PACKAGE plsql_source
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] PACKAGE BODY plsql_source
CREATE PFILE [= 'pfile_name' ]
FROM { SPFILE [= 'spfile_name']
| MEMORY
} ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] PROCEDURE plsql_source;
CREATE PROFILE profile
LIMIT { resource_parameters
| password_parameters
}...
;
CREATE RESTORE POINT restore_point
[ AS OF {TIMESTAMP | SCN} expr ]
[ PRESERVE
| GUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE
];
CREATE ROLE role
[ NOT IDENTIFIED
| IDENTIFIED { BY password
| USING [ schema. ] package
| EXTERNALLY
| GLOBALLY
}
] ;
CREATE [ PUBLIC ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment [ TABLESPACE tablespace | storage_clause ]...];
CREATE SCHEMA AUTHORIZATION schema
{ create_table_statement
| create_view_statement
| grant_statement
}...
;
CREATE SEQUENCE [ schema. ] sequence
[ { INCREMENT BY | START WITH } integer
| { MAXVALUE integer | NOMAXVALUE }
| { MINVALUE integer | NOMINVALUE }
| { CYCLE | NOCYCLE }
| { CACHE integer | NOCACHE }
| { ORDER | NOORDER }
]...
;
CREATE SPFILE [= 'spfile_name' ]
FROM { PFILE [= 'pfile_name' ]
| MEMORY
} ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] [ PUBLIC ] SYNONYM [ schema. ] synonym FOR [ schema. ] object [ @ dblink ] ;
CREATE [ GLOBAL TEMPORARY ] TABLE [ schema. ] table
{ relational_table | object_table | XMLType_table }
CREATE
[ BIGFILE | SMALLFILE ]
{ permanent_tablespace_clause
| temporary_tablespace_clause
| undo_tablespace_clause
} ;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] TRIGGER plsql_source
CREATE [OR REPLACE] TYPE plsql_source;
CREATE [ OR REPLACE ] TYPE BODY plsql_source
CREATE USER user
IDENTIFIED { BY password
| EXTERNALLY [ AS 'certificate_DN' ]
| GLOBALLY [ AS '[ directory_DN ]' ]
}
[ DEFAULT TABLESPACE tablespace
| TEMPORARY TABLESPACE
{ tablespace | tablespace_group_name }
| { QUOTA { size_clause | UNLIMITED } ON tablespace }...
EDO | PROFILE profile
| PASSWORD EXPIRE
| ACCOUNT { LOCK | UNLOCK }
[ DEFAULT TABLESPACE tablespace
| TEMPORARY TABLESPACE
{ tablespace | tablespace_group_name }
| { QUOTA { size_clause | UNLIMITED } ON tablespace }...
| PROFILE profile
| PASSWORD EXPIRE
| ACCOUNT { LOCK | UNLOCK }
]...
] ;
CREATE [OR REPLACE]
[[NO] FORCE] VIEW [schema.] view
[ ( { alias [ inline_constraint... ]
| out_of_line_constraint
}
[, { alias [ inline_constraint...]
| out_of_line_constraint
}
]
)
| object_view_clause
| XMLType_view_clause
]
AS subquery [ subquery_restriction_clause ] ;
DELETE [ hint ]
[ FROM ]
{ dml_table_expression_clause
| ONLY (dml_table_expression_clause)
} [ t_alias ]
[ where_clause ]
[ returning_clause ]
[error_logging_clause];
DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS FROM
{ COLUMNS [ schema. ]table.column
[, [ schema. ]table.column ]...
| FUNCTIONS [ schema. ]function
[, [ schema. ]function ]...
| PACKAGES [ schema. ]package
[, [ schema. ]package ]...
| TYPES [ schema. ]type
[, [ schema. ]type ]...
| INDEXES [ schema. ]index
[, [ schema. ]index ]...
| INDEXTYPES [ schema. ]indextype
[, [ schema. ]indextype ]...
}
[ FORCE ] ;
DROP CLUSTER [ schema. ] cluster [ INCLUDING TABLES [ CASCADE CONSTRAINTS ] ] ;
DROP CONTEXT namespace ;
DROP DATABASE ;
DROP [ PUBLIC ] DATABASE LINK dblink ;
DROP DIMENSION [ schema. ] dimension ;
DROP DIRECTORY directory_name ;
DROP DISKGROUP diskgroup_name
[ FORCE INCLUDING CONTENTS
| { INCLUDING | EXCLUDING } CONTENTS
]
DROP FLASHBACK ARCHIVE flashback_archive;
DROP FUNCTION [ schema. ] function_name ;
DROP INDEX [ schema. ] index [ FORCE ] ;
DROP INDEXTYPE [ schema. ] indextype [ FORCE ] ;
DROP JAVA { SOURCE | CLASS | RESOURCE }
[ schema. ] object_name ;
DROP LIBRARY library_name ;
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW [ schema. ] materialized_view [ PRESERVE TABLE ] ;
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG ON [ schema. ] table ;
DROP OPERATOR [ schema. ] operator [ FORCE ] ;
DROP OUTLINE outline ;
DROP PACKAGE [ BODY ] [ schema. ] package ;
DROP PROCEDURE [ schema. ] procedure ;
DROP PROFILE profile [ CASCADE ] ;
DROP RESTORE POINT restore_point ;
DROP ROLE role ;
DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment ;
DROP SEQUENCE [ schema. ] sequence_name ;
DROP [PUBLIC] SYNONYM [ schema. ] synonym [FORCE] ;
DROP TABLE [ schema. ] table [ CASCADE CONSTRAINTS ] [ PURGE ] ;
DROP TABLESPACE tablespace
[ INCLUDING CONTENTS [ {AND | KEEP} DATAFILES ]
[ CASCADE CONSTRAINTS ]
] ;
DROP TRIGGER [ schema. ] trigger ;
DROP TYPE [ schema. ] type_name [ FORCE | VALIDATE ] ;
DROP TYPE BODY [ schema. ] type_name ;
DROP USER user [ CASCADE ] ;
DROP VIEW [ schema. ] view [ CASCADE CONSTRAINTS ] ;
EXPLAIN PLAN [ SET STATEMENT_ID = string ] [ INTO [ schema. ] table [ @ dblink ] ] FOR statement ;
FLASHBACK [ STANDBY ] DATABASE [ database ]
{ TO { { SCN | TIMESTAMP } expr
| RESTORE POINT restore_point
}
| TO BEFORE { SCN | TIMESTAMP} expr
| RESETLOGS
}
};
FLASHBACK TABLE
[ schema. ] table
[, [ schema. ] table ]...
TO { { { SCN | TIMESTAMP } expr
| RESTORE POINT restore_point
} [ { ENABLE | DISABLE } TRIGGERS ]
| BEFORE DROP [ RENAME TO table ]
} ;
GRANT { grant_system_privileges
| grant_object_privileges
} ;
INSERT [ hint ]
{ single_table_insert | multi_table_insert } ;
LOCK TABLE [ schema. ] { table | view }
[ partition_extension_clause
| @ dblink
] [, [ schema. ] { table | view }
[ partition_extension_clause
| @ dblink
]
]...
IN lockmode MODE
[ NOWAIT
| WAIT integer
] ;
MERGE [ hint ]
INTO [ schema. ] { table | view } [ t_alias ]
USING { [ schema. ] { table | view }
| subquery
} [ t_alias ]
ON ( condition )
[ merge_update_clause ]
[ merge_insert_clause ]
[ error_logging_clause ] ;
NOAUDIT
{ sql_statement_clause
| schema_object_clause
| NETWORK
}
[ WHENEVER [ NOT ] SUCCESSFUL ] ;
PURGE { { TABLE table | INDEX index }
| { RECYCLEBIN | DBA_RECYCLEBIN }
| TABLESPACE tablespace [ USER username ]
} ;
RENAME old_name TO new_name ;
REVOKE { revoke_system_privileges
| revoke_object_privileges
} ;
ROLLBACK [ WORK ] [ TO [ SAVEPOINT ] savepoint | FORCE string ] ;
SAVEPOINT savepoint ;
[ subquery_factoring_clause ] subquery [ for_update_clause ] ;
SET { CONSTRAINT | CONSTRAINTS }
{ constraint [, constraint ]...
| ALL
}
{ IMMEDIATE | DEFERRED } ;
SET ROLE
{ role [ IDENTIFIED BY password ]
[, role [ IDENTIFIED BY password ] ]...
| ALL [ EXCEPT role [, role ]... ]
| NONE
} ;
SET TRANSACTION
{ { READ { ONLY | WRITE }
| ISOLATION LEVEL
{ SERIALIZABLE | READ COMMITTED }
| USE ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment
} [ NAME string ]
| NAME string
} ;
TRUNCATE CLUSTER [schema.] cluster
[ {DROP | REUSE} STORAGE ] ;
TRUNCATE TABLE [schema.] table
[ {PRESERVE | PURGE} MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG ]
[ {DROP | REUSE} STORAGE ] ;
UPDATE [ hint ]
{ dml_table_expression_clause
| ONLY (dml_table_expression_clause)
} [ t_alias ]
update_set_clause
[ where_clause ]
[ returning_clause ]
[error_logging_clause] ;
