| Oracle Database SQL言語クイック・リファレンス 11g リリース1（11.1） E05749-02 |
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この章では、SQL文、ファンクション、式および条件の構文で使用する副次句の構文について説明します。
この章では、次の項目について説明します。
この項では、次の章にある各副次句の構文を示します。
|
参照: Oracle SQLの詳細は、『Oracle Database SQL言語リファレンス』を参照してください。 |
ACTIVATE
[ PHYSICAL | LOGICAL ]
STANDBY DATABASE
[ FINISH APPLY ]
ADD BINDING (parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...) RETURN (return_type) [ implementation_clause ] using_function_clause
ADD
( {column_definition | virtual_column_definition
[, column_definition | virtual_column_definition] ...
}
[ column_properties ]
ADD
{ [ FAILGROUP failgroup_name ]
DISK qualified_disk_clause [, qualified_disk_clause ]...
}...
ADD PARTITION [ partition_name ] [ TABLESPACE tablespace_name ] [ key_compression ] [ parallel_clause ]
ADD PARTITION [ partition ] partitioning_storage_clause [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
ADD hash_subpartition_desc [ dependent_tables_clause ] [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
ADD PARTITION [ partition ]
list_values_clause
[ table_partition_description ]
[ { range_subpartition_desc
| list_subpartition_desc
| hash_subpartition_desc
}
]
[ update_index_clauses ]
ADD list_subpartition_desc [ dependent_tables_clause ] [ update_index_clauses ]
ADD [ STANDBY ] LOGFILE
{ [ INSTANCE 'instance_name' ]
[ GROUP integer ] redo_log_file_spec
[, [ GROUP integer ] redo_log_file_spec ]...
| MEMBER 'filename' [ REUSE ] [, 'filename' [ REUSE ] ]...
TO logfile_descriptor [, logfile_descriptor ]...
}
ADD OVERFLOW [ segment_attributes_clause ]
[ ( PARTITION [ segment_attributes_clause ]
[, PARTITION [ segment_attributes_clause ] ]...
)
]
ADD PARTITION [ partition ]
range_values_clause
[ table_partition_description ]
[ ( { range_subpartition_desc
| list_subpartition_desc
| hash_subpartition_desc
}
)
]
[ update_index_clauses ]
ADD range_subpartition_desc [ dependent_tables_clause ] [ update_index_clauses ]
[BEFORE { partition_name | partition_number }]
[table_partition_description]
[update_index_clauses]
{ add_range_partition_clause
| add_hash_partition_clause
| add_list_partition_clause
} [ dependent_tables_clause ]
+diskgroup_name [ (template_name) ] /alias_name
ALLOCATE EXTENT
[ ( { SIZE size_clause
| DATAFILE 'filename'
| INSTANCE integer
} ...
)
]
DATAFILE
{ 'filename' | filenumber }
[, 'filename' | filenumber ]...
}
{ ONLINE
| OFFLINE [ FOR DROP ]
| RESIZE size_clause
| autoextend_clause
| END BACKUP
}
{ add_column_clause
| modify_column_clauses
| drop_column_clause
| parallel_clause
| external_data_properties
| REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED }
| PROJECT COLUMN { ALL | REFERENCED }
}
[ add_column_clause
| modify_column_clauses
| drop_column_clause
| parallel_clause
| external_data_properties
| REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED }
| PROJECT COLUMN { ALL | REFERENCED }
]...
{ modify_index_default_attrs
| add_hash_index_partition
| modify_index_partition
| rename_index_partition
| drop_index_partition
| split_index_partition
| coalesce_index_partition
| modify_index_subpartition
}
{ SET INTERVAL ( expr )
| SET STORE IN ( tablespace [, tablespace]... )
}
{ index_org_table_clause
| alter_overflow_clause
| alter_mapping_table_clauses
| COALESCE
}
MAPPING TABLE
{ allocate_extent_clause
| deallocate_unused_clause
}
REFRESH
{ { FAST | COMPLETE | FORCE }
| ON { DEMAND | COMMIT }
| { START WITH | NEXT } date
| WITH PRIMARY KEY
| USING
{ DEFAULT MASTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT
| MASTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment
}
| USING { ENFORCED | TRUSTED } CONSTRAINTS
}
{ add_overflow_clause
| OVERFLOW
{ segment_attributes_clause
| allocate_extent_clause
| shrink_clause
| deallocate_unused_clause
}...
}
SET { parameter_name = parameter_value }...
parameter_name
[ { SCOPE = SPFILE
| SID = { 'sid' | '*' }
}...
]
{ { ENABLE | DISABLE } RESTRICTED SESSION
| SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "password"
| SET ENCRYPTION WALLET CLOSE
| SET ENCRYPTION KEY [ "certificate_id" ] IDENTIFIED BY "password"
}
{ set_parameter_clause
| USE_STORED_OUTLINES = (TRUE | FALSE | category_name)
| GLOBAL_TOPIC_ENABLED = (TRUE | FALSE)
}
{ modify_table_default_attrs
| alter_interval_partitioning
| set_subpartition_template
| modify_table_partition
| modify_table_subpartition
| move_table_partition
| move_table_subpartition
| add_table_partition
| coalesce_table_partition
| coalesce_table_subpartition
| drop_table_partition
| drop_table_subpartition
| rename_partition_subpart
| truncate_partition_subpart
| split_table_partition
| split_table_subpartition
| merge_table_partitions
| merge_table_subpartitions
| exchange_partition_subpart
}
{ { { physical_attributes_clause
| logging_clause
| table_compression
| supplemental_table_logging
| allocate_extent_clause
| deallocate_unused_clause
| { CACHE | NOCACHE }
| upgrade_table_clause
| records_per_block_clause
| parallel_clause
| row_movement_clause
| flashback_archive_clause
}...
| RENAME TO new_table_name
} [ alter_iot_clauses ] [ alter_xmlschema_clause ]
| { shrink_clause
| READ ONLY
| READ WRITE
| REKEY encryption_spec
}
}
TEMPFILE
{ 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
| filenumber [, filenumber ]...
}
{ RESIZE size_clause
| autoextend_clause
| DROP [ INCLUDING DATAFILES ]
| ONLINE
| OFFLINE
}
MODIFY VARRAY varray_item ( modify_LOB_parameters )
alter_XMLSchemas_clause
{ ADD | REMOVE } multiple_XMLSchema_spec
[ ALLOW ANYSCHEMA
| ALLOW NONSCHEMA
| DISALLOW NONSCHEMA
]
[ query_partition_clause ] [ order_by_clause [ windowing_clause ] ]
ARCHIVE LOG
[ INSTANCE 'instance_name' ]
{ { SEQUENCE integer
| CHANGE integer
| CURRENT [ NOSWITCH ]
| GROUP integer
| LOGFILE 'filename'
[ USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE ]
| NEXT
| ALL
}
[ TO 'location' ]
| STOP
}
[ WITH | WITHOUT ]
ARRAY DML
[ ([ schema. ]type
[, [ schema. ]varray_type ])
[, ([ schema. ]type
[, [ schema. ]varray_type ])...
]
{ fully_qualified_file_name
| numeric_file_name
| incomplete_file_name
| alias_file_name
}
ATTRIBUTE level DETERMINES
{ dependent_column
| ( dependent_column
[, dependent_column ]... )
}
audit_operation_clause
{ { sql_statement_shortcut
| ALL
} [, { sql_statement_shortcut
| ALL
}
]
| { system_privilege
| ALL PRIVILEGES
} [, { system_privilege
| ALL PRIVILEGES
}
]
} [ auditing_by_clause ]
audit_schema_object_clause
{ sql_operation [, object_option]
| ALL
} auditing_on_clause
BY { proxy [, proxy ]...
| user [, user ]...
}
ON { [ schema. ] object
| DIRECTORY directory_name
| MINING MODEL [ schema. ] model
| DEFAULT
}
AUTOEXTEND
{ OFF
| ON [ NEXT size_clause ]
[ maxsize_clause ]
}
BINDING
(parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...)
RETURN return_type
[ implementation_clause ]
using_function_clause
[, (parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...)
RETURN return_type
[ implementation_clause ]
using_function_clause
]...
[ schema.]table
( [ [ schema. ]table. | t_alias. ]column
[ ASC | DESC ]
[, [ [ schema. ]table. | t_alias. ]column
[ ASC | DESC ]
]...
)
FROM [ schema. ]table [ t_alias ]
[, [ schema. ]table [ t_alias ]
]...
WHERE condition
[ local_partitioned_index ] index_attributes
BUILD { IMMEDIATE | DEFERRED }
measure_column [ { { condition
| expr
| single_column_for_loop
}
[, { condition
| expr
| single_column_for_loop
}
]...
| multi_column_for_loop
}
]
注意: 外側の大カッコは構文の一部であり、オプションを表すものではありません。
[ { IGNORE | KEEP } NAV ]
[ UNIQUE { DIMENSION | SINGLE REFERENCE } ]
CHARACTER SET character_set
CHECK DATAFILES [ GLOBAL | LOCAL ]
CHECK [ REPAIR | NOREPAIR ]
CHECKPOINT [ GLOBAL | LOCAL ]
CLUSTER [ schema. ] cluster index_attributes
COALESCE PARTITION [ parallel_clause ]
COALESCE PARTITION [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
COALESCE SUBPARTITION subpartition [update_index_clauses] [parallel_clause]
COLUMNS [ schema. ]table.column
[, [ schema. ]table.column ]...
using_statistics_type
{ { add_column_clause
| modify_column_clause
| drop_column_clause
}...
| rename_column_clause
| { modify_collection_retrieval }...
| { modify_LOB_storage_clause }...
| { alter_varray_col_properties }...
}
column datatype [ SORT ]
[ DEFAULT expr ]
[ ENCRYPT encryption_spec ]
[ ( { inline_constraint }... )
| inline_ref_constraint
]
{ object_type_col_properties
| nested_table_col_properties
| { varray_col_properties | LOB_storage_clause }
[ (LOB_partition_storage [, LOB_partition_storage ]...) ]
| XMLType_column_properties
}...
{ PREPARE | COMMIT } TO SWITCHOVER
[ TO { { PHYSICAL | LOGICAL } PRIMARY
| [ PHYSICAL ] STANDBY
[ { WITH | WITHOUT } SESSION SHUTDOWN
{ WAIT | NOWAIT }
]
| LOGICAL STANDBY
}
| CANCEL
]
PARTITION BY LIST ( column )
{ subpartition_by_range
| subpartition_by_hash
| subpartition_by_list
}
( { PARTITION [partition] list_partition_desc }... )
PARTITION BY RANGE ( column [, column]... )
[ INTERVAL ( expr ) [ STORE IN ( tablespace [, tablespace]... ) ]]
{ subpartition_by_range
| subpartition_by_list
| subpartition_by_hash
}
( { PARTITION [partition] range_partition_desc }... )
[ ALL | FIRST ]
WHEN condition
THEN insert_into_clause
[ values_clause ]
[ error_logging_clause ]
[ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] ]...
[ WHEN condition
THEN insert_into_clause
[ values_clause ]
[ error_logging_clause ]
[ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] ]...
]...
[ ELSE insert_into_clause
[ values_clause ]
[ error_logging_clause ]
[ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [ error_logging_clause ] ]...
]
{ inline_constraint
| out_of_line_constraint
| inline_ref_constraint
| out_of_line_ref_constraint
}
{ ADD { { out_of_line_constraint }...
| out_of_line_REF_constraint
}
| MODIFY { CONSTRAINT constraint
| PRIMARY KEY
| UNIQUE (column [, column ]...)
} constraint_state
| RENAME CONSTRAINT old_name TO new_name
| drop_constraint_clause
}
[ [ [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE ]
[ INITIALLY { IMMEDIATE | DEFERRED } ]
| [ INITIALLY { IMMEDIATE | DEFERRED } ]
[ [ NOT ] DEFERRABLE ]
]
[ RELY | NORELY ]
[ using_index_clause ]
[ ENABLE | DISABLE ]
[ VALIDATE | NOVALIDATE ]
[ exceptions_clause ]
[ WITH INDEX CONTEXT, SCAN CONTEXT implementation_type [ COMPUTE ANCILLARY DATA ] ] [ WITH COLUMN CONTEXT ]
{ CREATE [ LOGICAL | PHYSICAL ]
STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS
'filename' [ REUSE ]
| BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO
{ 'filename' [ REUSE ]
| trace_file_clause
}
}
CONVERT TO ( PHYSICAL | SNAPSHOT ) STANDBY
COST
{ MODEL [AUTO]
| ( class_value [, class_value]... )
VALUES ( ( cost_value [, cost_value]...)
[ , (cost_value [, cost_value]... ) ]...
)
}
CREATE DATAFILE
{ 'filename' | filenumber }
[, 'filename' | filenumber ]...
}
[ AS { file_specification
[, file_specification ]...
| NEW
}
]
{ REFRESH
{ { FAST | COMPLETE | FORCE }
| { ON DEMAND
| ON COMMIT
}
| { START WITH | NEXT } date
| WITH { PRIMARY KEY | ROWID }
| USING
{ DEFAULT [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT
| [ MASTER | LOCAL ] ROLLBACK SEGMENT rollback_segment
}...
| USING
{ ENFORCED | TRUSTED } CONSTRAINTS
}...
| NEVER REFRESH
}
{ RENAME FILE 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
TO 'filename'
| create_datafile_clause
| alter_datafile_clause
| alter_tempfile_clause
}
{ LOGFILE
[ GROUP integer ] file_specification
[, [ GROUP integer ] file_specification ]...
| MAXLOGFILES integer
| MAXLOGMEMBERS integer
| MAXLOGHISTORY integer
| { ARCHIVELOG | NOARCHIVELOG }
| FORCE LOGGING
}
{ ADD { DATAFILE | TEMPFILE }
[ file_specification [, file_specification ]... ]
| DROP {DATAFILE | TEMPFILE } { 'filename' | file_number }
| SHRINK TEMPFILE { 'filename' | file_number } [KEEP size_clause]
| RENAME DATAFILE 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
TO 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
| { DATAFILE | TEMPFILE } { ONLINE | OFFLINE }
}
[ 'filename' | 'ASM_filename' ] [ SIZE size_clause ] [ REUSE ] [ autoextend_clause ]
database[.domain [.domain ]... ] [ @ connect_descriptor ]
AUTHENTICATED BY user IDENTIFIED BY password
db_user_proxy
[ WITH
{ ROLE { role_name [, role_name]...
| ALL EXCEPT role_name [, role_name]...
}
| NO ROLES
}
]
[ AUTHENTICATION REQUIRED ]
DEALLOCATE UNUSED [ KEEP size_clause ]
DEFAULT COST (cpu_cost, io_cost, network_cost)
DEFAULT SELECTIVITY default_selectivity
DEFAULT TABLESPACE tablespace [ DATAFILE datafile_tempfile_spec ] extent_management_clause
{ SET DEFAULT
{ BIGFILE | SMALLFILE } TABLESPACE
| DEFAULT TABLESPACE tablespace
| DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE
{ tablespace | tablespace_group_name }
| RENAME GLOBAL_NAME TO
database.domain [.domain ]...
| { ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING
[ USING FILE 'filename' [ REUSE ] ]
| DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING
}
| flashback_mode_clause
| set_time_zone_clause
}
[ BIGFILE | SMALLFILE ] DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tablespace [ TEMPFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]...] extent_management_clause
DEPENDENT TABLES
( table ( partition_spec [, partition_spec]...
[, table ( partition_spec [, partition_spec]... ]
)
)
{ JOIN KEY
{ child_key_column
| (child_key_column [, child_key_column ]...)
}
REFERENCES parent_level
}...
disk_offline_clause
OFFLINE
{ DISK disk_name [, disk_name ] ...
| DISKS IN FAILGROUP failgroup_name [, failgroup_name ]...
} ... [timeout_clause]
disk_online_clause
ONLINE
{ { DISK disk_name [, disk_name]...
| DISKS IN FAILGROUP failgroup_name [, failgroup_name]...
} ...
| ALL
} [ WAIT | NOWAIT ]
{ ADD ALIAS
'alias_name' FOR 'filename'
[, 'alias_name' FOR 'filename' ]...
| DROP ALIAS 'alias_name' [, 'alias_name' ]...
| RENAME ALIAS
'old_alias_name' TO 'new_alias_name'
[, 'old_alias_name' TO 'new_alias_name' ]...
}
diskgroup_attributes
SET ATTRIBUTE 'attribute_name' = 'attribute_value'
{ MOUNT [ RESTRICTED | NORMAL ]
[ FORCE | NOFORCE ]
| DISMOUNT [ FORCE | NOFORCE ]
}
{ ADD DIRECTORY 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
| DROP DIRECTORY
'filename' [ FORCE | NOFORCE ]
[, 'filename' [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] ]...
| RENAME DIRECTORY
'old_dir_name' TO 'new_dir_name'
[, 'old_dir_name' TO 'new_dir_name' ]...
}
{ { ADD | MODIFY } TEMPLATE template_name
qualified_template_clause [, qualified_template_clause ]...
| DROP TEMPLATE template_name [, template_name ]...
}
{ ENABLE | DISABLE } DISTRIBUTED RECOVERY
{ [ schema. ]
{ table
[ partition_extension_clause
| @ dblink
]
| { view | materialized view } [ @ dblink ]
}
| ( subquery [ subquery_restriction_clause ] )
| table_collection_expression
}
indextype
[ local_domain_index_clause ]
[ parallel_clause ]
[ PARAMETERS ('ODCI_parameters') ]
DROP BINDING (parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...) [ FORCE ]
{ SET UNUSED { COLUMN column
| (column [, column ]...)
}
[ { CASCADE CONSTRAINTS | INVALIDATE }... ]
| DROP { COLUMN column
| (column [, column ]...)
}
[ { CASCADE CONSTRAINTS | INVALIDATE }... ]
[ CHECKPOINT integer ]
| DROP { UNUSED COLUMNS
| COLUMNS CONTINUE
}
[ CHECKPOINT integer ]
}
DROP
{ { PRIMARY KEY
| UNIQUE (column [, column ]...)
}
[ CASCADE ]
[ { KEEP | DROP } INDEX ]
| CONSTRAINT constraint
[ CASCADE ]
}
DROP
{ DISK
disk_name [ FORCE | NOFORCE ]
[, disk_name [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] ]...
| DISKS IN FAILGROUP
failgroup_name [ FORCE | NOFORCE ]
[, failgroup_name [ FORCE | NOFORCE ] ]...
}
DROP FILE 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
DROP PARTITION partition_name
DROP [ STANDBY ] LOGFILE
{ logfile_descriptor
[, logfile_descriptor ]...
| MEMBER 'filename'
[, 'filename' ]...
}
DROP partition_extended_name [ update_index_clauses [ parallel_clause ] ]
DROP subpartition_extended_name [ update_index_clauses [ parallel_clause ] ]
[-] P [days D] T [hours H] [minutes M]
[seconds [. frac_secs] S]
ELSE else_expr
{ ENABLE | DISABLE }
[ VALIDATE | NOVALIDATE ]
{ UNIQUE (column [, column ]...)
| PRIMARY KEY
| CONSTRAINT constraint
}
[ using_index_clause ]
[ exceptions_clause ]
[ CASCADE ]
[ { KEEP | DROP } INDEX ]
{ DISCONNECT SESSION 'integer1, integer2'
[ POST_TRANSACTION ]
| KILL SESSION 'integer1, integer2 [, @integer3]'
}
[ IMMEDIATE ]
[ USING 'encrypt_algorithm' ] [ IDENTIFIED BY password ] [ [ NO ] SALT ]
LOG ERRORS
[ INTO [schema.] table ]
[ (simple_expression) ]
[ REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED } ]
EXCEPTIONS INTO [ schema. ] table
EXCHANGE { partition_extended_name
| subpartition_extended_name
}
WITH TABLE table
[ { INCLUDING | EXCLUDING } INDEXES ]
[ { WITH | WITHOUT } VALIDATION ]
[ exceptions_clause ]
[ update_index_clauses [ parallel_clause ] ]
{ simple_expression
| compound_expression
| case_expression
| cursor_expression
| datetime_expression
| function_expression
| interval_expression
| object_access_expression
| scalar_subquery_expression
| model_expression
| type_constructor_expression
| variable_expression
}
{ expr [, expr ]...
| (expr [, expr ]...)
}
ATTRIBUTE attribute
{ LEVEL level
DETERMINES { dependent_column
| (dependent_column [, dependent_column ]... )
}
}...
EXTENT MANAGEMENT
{ LOCAL
[ AUTOALLOCATE
| UNIFORM [ SIZE size_clause ]
]
| DICTIONARY
}
DEFAULT DIRECTORY directory
[ ACCESS PARAMETERS
{ (opaque_format_spec)
| USING CLOB subquery
}
]
LOCATION
([ directory: ] 'location_specifier'
[, [ directory: ] 'location_specifier' ]...
)
([ TYPE access_driver_type ]
external_data_properties
)
[ REJECT LIMIT { integer | UNLIMITED } ]
{ datafile_tempfile_spec
| redo_log_file_spec
}
FLASHBACK { ON | OFF }
[ VERSIONS BETWEEN
{ SCN | TIMESTAMP }
{ expr | MINVALUE } AND
{ expr | MAXVALUE }
]
AS OF { SCN | TIMESTAMP } expr
FOR UPDATE
[ OF [ [ schema. ] { table | view } . ] column
[, [ [ schema. ] { table | view } . ] column
]...
]
[ { NOWAIT | WAIT integer
| SKIP LOCKED
}
]
[ STANDBY ] DATABASE
[ { UNTIL { CANCEL
| TIME date
| CHANGE integer
}
| USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
}...
]
+diskgroup_name/db_name/file_type/ file_type_tag.filenumber.incarnation_number
{ FUNCTIONS
[ schema. ]function [, [ schema. ]function ]...
| PACKAGES
[ schema. ]package [, [ schema. ]package ]...
| TYPES
[ schema. ]type [, [ schema. ]type ]...
| INDEXES
[ schema. ]index [, [ schema. ]index ]...
| INDEXTYPES
[ schema. ]indextype [, [ schema. ]indextype ]...
}
{ using_statistics_type
| { default_cost_clause [, default_selectivity_clause ]
| default_selectivity_clause [, default_cost_clause ]
}
}
RECOVER
[ AUTOMATIC ]
[ FROM 'location' ]
{ { full_database_recovery
| partial_database_recovery
| LOGFILE 'filename'
}
[ { TEST
| ALLOW integer CORRUPTION
| parallel_clause
}...
]
| CONTINUE [ DEFAULT ]
| CANCEL
}
GLOBAL PARTITION BY
{ RANGE (column_list)
(index_partitioning_clause)
| HASH (column_list)
{ individual_hash_partitions
| hash_partitions_by_quantity
}
}
{ object_privilege | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
[ (column [, column ]...) ]
[, { object_privilege | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
[ (column [, column ]...) ]
]...
on_object_clause
TO grantee_clause
[ WITH HIERARCHY OPTION ]
[ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
{ system_privilege
| role
| ALL PRIVILEGES
}
[, { system_privilege
| role
| ALL PRIVILEGES
}
]...
TO grantee_clause
[ WITH ADMIN OPTION ]
{ user [ IDENTIFIED BY password ]
| role
| PUBLIC
}
[, { user [ IDENTIFIED BY password ]
| role
| PUBLIC
}
]...
GROUP BY
{ expr
| rollup_cube_clause
| grouping_sets_clause
}
[, { expr
| rollup_cube_clause
| grouping_sets_clause
}
]...
[ HAVING condition ]
expression_list [, expression_list ]...
GROUPING SETS
({ rollup_cube_clause | grouping_expression_list })
PARTITION BY HASH (column [, column ] ...)
{ individual_hash_partitions
| hash_partitions_by_quantity
}
PARTITIONS hash_partition_quantity [ STORE IN (tablespace [, tablespace ]...) ] [ key_compression | table_compression ] [ OVERFLOW STORE IN (tablespace [, tablespace ]...) ]
SUBPARTITIONS integer [STORE IN ( tablespace [, tablespace]... )]
{ CONNECT BY [ NOCYCLE ] condition [AND condition]... [ START WITH condition ]
| START WITH condition CONNECT BY [ NOCYCLE ] condition [AND condition]...
}
HIERARCHY hierarchy
(child_level { CHILD OF parent_level }...
[ dimension_join_clause ]
)
{ ANCILLARY TO primary_operator
( parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...)
[, primary_operator
( parameter_type [, parameter_type ]...)
]...
| context_clause
}
+diskgroup_name [ (template_name) ]
[ { physical_attributes_clause
| logging_clause
| ONLINE
| TABLESPACE { tablespace | DEFAULT }
| key_compression
| { SORT | NOSORT }
| REVERSE
| VISIBLE | INVISIBLE
| parallel_clause
}...
]
{ column | column_expression }
[ INCLUDING column_name ] OVERFLOW [ segment_attributes_clause ]
[ { mapping_table_clause
| PCTTHRESHOLD integer
| key_compression
}...
]
[ index_org_overflow_clause ]
PARTITION
[ partition
[ { segment_attributes_clause
| key_compression
}...
| ( PARAMETERS 'ODCI_parameters' )
]
]
PARTITION [ partition ] VALUES LESS THAN (literal[, literal]... ) [ segment_attributes_clause ]
[ { { global_partitioned_index
| local_partitioned_index
}
| index_attributes
}...
| INDEXTYPE IS { domain_index_clause
| XMLTable_index_clause
| XMLIndex_clause
}
]
{ STORE IN (tablespace[, tablespace ]...)
| (SUBPARTITION
[ subpartition ][ TABLESPACE tablespace ] [ key_compression ]
[, SUBPARTITION
[ subpartition ][ TABLESPACE tablespace ] [ key_compression ]
]...
)
}
( PARTITION
[partition] [partitioning_storage_clause ]]]
[, [partition] [partitioning_storage_clause ]]]]...
)
SUBPARTITION [subpartition] [partitioning_storage_clause]
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{ [ NOT ] NULL
| UNIQUE
| PRIMARY KEY
| references_clause
| CHECK (condition)
}
[ constraint_state ]
{ SCOPE IS [ schema. ] scope_table
| WITH ROWID
| [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
references_clause
[ constraint_state ]
}
{ [ INNER ] JOIN table_reference
{ ON condition
| USING (column [, column ]...)
}
| { CROSS
| NATURAL [ INNER ]
}
JOIN table_reference
}
INTO dml_table_expression_clause [ t_alias ] [ (column [, column ]...) ]
{ ENABLE | DISABLE } INSTANCE 'instance_name'
[ + | - ] digit [ digit ]...
INTERVAL
'{ integer | integer time_expr | time_expr }'
{ { DAY | HOUR | MINUTE }
[ (leading_precision) ]
| SECOND
[ (leading_precision
[, fractional_seconds_precision ]
)
]
}
[ TO { DAY | HOUR | MINUTE | SECOND
[ (fractional_seconds_precision) ]
}
]
INTERVAL 'integer [- integer ]'
{ YEAR | MONTH } [ (precision) ]
[ TO { YEAR | MONTH } ]
INTO [ schema. ] table
AUTHID { CURRENT_USER | DEFINER }
table_reference
{ inner_cross_join_clause | outer_join_clause }...
{ COMPRESS [ integer ]
| NOCOMPRESS
}
LEVEL level IS
{ level_table.level_column
| (level_table.level_column
[, level_table.level_column ]...
)
}
PARTITION BY LIST (column)
(PARTITION [ partition ]
list_values_clause table_partition_description
[, PARTITION [ partition ]
list_values_clause table_partition_description
]...
)
VALUES ({ literal | NULL }
[, { literal | NULL }]...
| DEFAULT
)
LOB_compression_clause
{ COMPRESS [HIGH | MEDIUM ]
| NOCOMPRESS
}
LOB_deduplicate_clause
{ DEDUPLICATE
| KEEP_DUPLICATES
}
{ { ENABLE | DISABLE } STORAGE IN ROW
| CHUNK integer
| PCTVERSION integer
| FREEPOOLS integer
| LOB_retention_clause
| LOB_deduplicate_clause
| LOB_compression_clause
| { ENCRYPT encryption_spec | DECRYPT }
| { CACHE
| { NOCACHE | CACHE READS } [ logging_clause ]
}
}...
PARTITION partition
{ LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties }...
[ (SUBPARTITION subpartition
{ LOB_partitioning_storage | varray_col_properties }...
)
]
RETENTION [ MAX | MIN integer | AUTO | NONE ]
local_domain_index_clause
LOCAL
[ ( PARTITION partition [ PARAMETERS ( 'ODCI_parameters' ) ]
[, PARTITION partition [ PARAMETERS ('ODCI_parameters') ]]...
)
]
local_XMLIndex_clause
LOCAL
[ ( PARTITION partition [ PARAMETERS ('XMLIndex_Parameters')]
[, PARTITION partition [ PARAMETERS ('XMLIndex_Parameters') ]]...
)
]
LOB
{ (LOB_item [, LOB_item ]...)
STORE AS { {SECUREFILE | BASICFILE}
| (LOB_storage_parameters)
}...
| (LOB_item)
STORE AS { {SECUREFILE | BASICFILE}
| LOB_segname
| (LOB_storage_parameters)
}...
}
LOB_storage_parameters
LOB
{ (LOB_item [, LOB_item ]...)
STORE AS { {SECUREFILE | BASICFILE}
| (LOB_storage_parameters)
}...
| (LOB_item)
STORE AS { {SECUREFILE | BASICFILE}
| LOB_segname
| (LOB_storage_parameters)
}...
}
LOCAL [ on_range_partitioned_table | on_list_partitioned_table | on_hash_partitioned_table | on_comp_partitioned_table ]
LOGFILE [ GROUP integer ] file_specification [, [ GROUP integer ] file_specification ]...
{ { ARCHIVELOG [ MANUAL ]
| NOARCHIVELOG
}
| [ NO ] FORCE LOGGING
| RENAME FILE 'filename' [, 'filename' ]...
TO 'filename'
| CLEAR [ UNARCHIVED ]
LOGFILE logfile_descriptor [, logfile_descriptor ]...
[ UNRECOVERABLE DATAFILE ]
| add_logfile_clauses
| drop_logfile_clauses
| supplemental_db_logging
}
{ GROUP integer
| ('filename' [, 'filename' ]...)
| 'filename'
}
{ LOGGING | NOLOGGING | FILESYSTEM_LIKE_LOGGING }
[ MAIN main_model_name ] model_column_clauses [ cell_reference_options ] model_rules_clause
RECOVER
{ MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE
[ { USING CURRENT LOGFILE
| DISCONNECT [FROM SESSION]
| NODELAY
| UNTIL CHANGE integer
}...
| FINISH
| CANCEL
]
| TO LOGICAL STANDBY { db_name | KEEP IDENTITY }
}
{ MAPPING TABLE | NOMAPPING }
[ column_properties ] [ table_partitioning_clauses ] [ CACHE | NOCACHE ] [ parallel_clause ] [ build_clause ]
SET STANDBY DATABASE TO MAXIMIZE
{ PROTECTION | AVAILABILITY | PERFORMANCE }
MAXSIZE { UNLIMITED | size_clause }
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT [ (column [, column ]...) ]
VALUES ({ expr [, expr ]... | DEFAULT })
[ where_clause ]
MERGE PARTITIONS partition_extended_name, partition_extended_name [ INTO partition_spec ] [ dependent_tables_clause ] [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
MERGE SUBPARTITIONS partition_extended_name, partition_extended_name
[ INTO { range_subpartition_desc
| list_subpartition_desc
}
]
[ dependent_tables_clause ]
[ update_index_clauses ]
[ parallel_clause ]
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET column = { expr | DEFAULT }
[, column = { expr | DEFAULT } ]...
[ where_clause ]
[ DELETE where_clause ]
USING
{ *
| { [ schema . ] table . *
| expr [ AS alias ]
}
[, { [ schema . ] table . *
| expr [ AS alias ]
}
]...
}
MODEL [ cell_reference_options ] [ return_rows_clause ] [ reference_model ]... main_model
expr [ [ AS ] c_alias ]
[ PARTITION BY expr [ c_alias ] [, expr [c_alias] ]... DIMENSION BY (expr [c_alias] [, expr [c_alias] ]...) MEASURES (expr [c_alias] [, expr [c_alias] ]...)
model_iterate_clause
ITERATE ( number ) [ UNTIL ( condition ) ]
[ RULES
[ { UPDATE | UPSERT [ ALL ] } ]
[ { AUTOMATIC | SEQUENTIAL } ORDER ]
[ model_iterate_clause ]
]
( [ { UPDATE | UPSERT [ ALL ] } ]
cell_assignment [ order_by_clause ] = expr
[, [ { UPDATE | UPSERT [ ALL ] } ]
cell_assignment [ order_by_clause ] = expr
]...
)
column [ datatype ]
[ DEFAULT expr ]
[ { ENCRYPT encryption_spec | DECRYPT }
[ inline_constraint ...
[ LOB_storage_clause ]
[ alter_XMLSchemas_clause ]
COLUMN column [ NOT ] SUBSTITUTABLE AT ALL LEVELS [ FORCE ]
MODIFY NESTED TABLE collection_item
RETURN AS { LOCATOR | VALUE }
MODIFY { (modify_col_properties [, modify_col_properties] ...)
| modify_col_substitutable
}
MODIFY partition_extended_name
{ partition_attributes
| alter_mapping_table_clause
| [ REBUILD ] UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES
}
MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES
[ FOR PARTITION partition ]
{ physical_attributes_clause
| TABLESPACE { tablespace | DEFAULT }
| logging_clause
}...
MODIFY PARTITION partition
{ { deallocate_unused_clause
| allocate_extent_clause
| physical_attributes_clause
| logging_clause
| key_compression
}...
| PARAMETERS ('ODCI_parameters')
| COALESCE
| UPDATE BLOCK REFERENCES
| UNUSABLE
}
MODIFY SUBPARTITION subpartition
{ UNUSABLE
| allocate_extent_clause
| deallocate_unused_clause
}
MODIFY partition_extended_name
{ partition_attributes
| { ADD | DROP } VALUES (literal[ , literal ]...)
| { add_range_subpartition
| add_list_subpartition
| add_hash_subpartition
}
| COALESCE SUBPARTITION [ update_index_clauses ][ parallel_clause ]
| [ REBUILD ] UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES
}
{ storage_clause
| PCTVERSION integer
| FREEPOOLS integer
| REBUILD FREEPOOLS
| LOB_retention_clause
| LOB_deduplicate_clause
| LOB_compression_clause
| { ENCRYPT encryption_spec | DECRYPT }
| { CACHE
| { NOCACHE | CACHE READS } [ logging_clause ]
}
| allocate_extent_clause
| shrink_clause
| deallocate_unused_clause
} ...
MODIFY LOB (LOB_item) (modify_LOB_parameters)
MODIFY partition_extended_name
{ partition_attributes
| { add_range_subpartition
| add_hash_subpartition
| add_list_subpartition
}
| COALESCE SUBPARTITION
[ update_index_clauses ]
[ parallel_clause ]
| alter_mapping_table_clause
| [ REBUILD ] UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES
}
MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES
[ FOR partition_extended_name ]
[ segment_attributes_clause ]
[ table_compression ]
[ PCTTHRESHOLD integer ]
[ key_compression ]
[ alter_overflow_clause ]
[ { LOB (LOB_item) | VARRAY varray } (LOB_parameters) ]...
{ modify_range_partition
| modify_hash_partition
| modify_list_partition
}
MODIFY subpartition_extended_name
{ allocate_extent_clause
| deallocate_unused_cluse
| shrink_clause
| { { LOB LOB_item | VARRAY varray } (modify_LOB_parameters) }...
| [ REBUILD ] UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES
| { ADD | DROP } VALUES ( literal [, literal]... )
}
MOVE [ ONLINE ]
[ segment_attributes_clause ]
[ table_compression ]
[ index_org_table_clause ]
[ { LOB_storage_clause | varray_col_properties }... ]
[ parallel_clause ]
MOVE partition_extended_name [ MAPPING TABLE ] [ table_partition_description ] [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
MOVE SUBPARTITION
{ range_subpartition_desc
| list_subpartition_desc
| hash_subpartition_desc
} [ update_index_clauses ] [ parallel_clause ]
FOR (dimension_column
[, dimension_column ]...)
IN ( { (literal [, literal ]...)
[ (literal [, literal ]...) ]...
| subquery
}
)
{ ALL
{ insert_into_clause [ values_clause ] [error_logging_clause] }...
| conditional_insert_clause
} subquery
multiple_XMLSchema_spec
XMLSCHEMAS ( single_XMLSchema_spec [, single_XMLSchema_spec]... )
nested_table1 MULTISET EXCEPT [ ALL | DISTINCT ] nested_table2
nested_table1 MULTISET INTERSECT [ ALL | DISTINCT ] nested_table2
nested_table1 MULTISET UNION [ ALL | DISTINCT ] nested_table2
NESTED TABLE
{ nested_item | COLUMN_VALUE }
[ substitutable_column_clause ]
STORE AS storage_table
[ ( { (object_properties)
| [ physical_properties ]
| [ column_properties ]
}...
)
]
[ RETURN AS { LOCATOR | VALUE } ]
new_values_clause
{ INCLUDING | EXCLUDING } NEW VALUES
number
[ + | - ]
{ digit [ digit ]... [ . ] [ digit [ digit ]... ]
| . digit [ digit ]...
}
[ e [ + | - ] digit [ digit ]... ]
[ f | d ]
numeric_file_name
+diskgroup_name.filenumber.incarnation_number
object_properties
{ { column | attribute }
[ DEFAULT expr ]
[ { inline_constraint }... | inline_ref_constraint ]
| { out_of_line_constraint
| out_of_line_ref_constraint
| supplemental_logging_props
}
}
object_table
OF
[ schema. ] object_type
[ object_table_substitution ]
[ (object_properties) ]
[ ON COMMIT { DELETE | PRESERVE } ROWS ]
[ OID_clause ]
[ OID_index_clause ]
[ physical_properties ]
[ table_properties ]
object_table_substitution
[ NOT ] SUBSTITUTABLE AT ALL LEVELS
object_type_col_properties
COLUMN column substitutable_column_clause
object_view_clause
OF [ schema. ] type_name
{ WITH OBJECT IDENTIFIER
{ DEFAULT | ( attribute [, attribute ]... ) }
| UNDER [ schema. ] superview
}
( { out_of_line_constraint
| attribute { inline_constraint }...
} [, { out_of_line_constraint
| attribute { inline_constraint }...
}
]...
)
OID_clause
OBJECT IDENTIFIER IS
{ SYSTEM GENERATED | PRIMARY KEY }
OID_index_clause
OIDINDEX [ index ]
({ physical_attributes_clause
| TABLESPACE tablespace
}...
)
on_comp_partitioned_table
[ STORE IN ( tablespace [, tablespace ]... ) ]
( PARTITION
[ partition ]
[ { segment_attribute_clause
| key_compression
}...
] [ index_subpartition_clause ]
[, PARTITION
[ partition ]
[ { segment_attribute_clause
| key_compression
}...
] [ index_subpartition_clause ]
]...
)
on_hash_partitioned_table
{ STORE IN (tablespace[, tablespace ]...)
| (PARTITION [ partition ] [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] [key_compression]
[, PARTITION [ partition ] [ TABLESPACE tablespace ] [key_compression]] ...
)
}
on_list_partitioned_table
( PARTITION
[ partition ]
[ { segment_attributes_clause
| key_compression
}...
]
[, PARTITION
[ partition ]
[ { segment_attributes_clause
| key_compression
}...
]
]...
)
on_object_clause
{ [ schema. ] object
| { DIRECTORY directory_name
| JAVA { SOURCE | RESOURCE } [ schema. ] object
}
}
on_range_partitioned_table
( PARTITION
[ partition ]
[ { segment_attributes_clause
| key_compression
}...
]
[, PARTITION
[ partition ]
[ { segment_attributes_clause
| key_compression
}...
]
]...
)
order_by_clause
ORDER [ SIBLINGS ] BY
{ expr | position | c_alias }
[ ASC | DESC ]
[ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
[, { expr | position | c_alias }
[ ASC | DESC ]
[ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
]...
out_of_line_constraint
[ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
{ UNIQUE (column [, column ]...)
| PRIMARY KEY (column [, column ]...)
| FOREIGN KEY (column [, column ]...) references_clause
| CHECK (condition)
} [ constraint_state ]
out_of_line_ref_constraint
{ SCOPE FOR ({ ref_col | ref_attr })
IS [ schema. ] scope_table
| REF ({ ref_col | ref_attr }) WITH ROWID
| [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] FOREIGN KEY
( { ref_col | ref_attr } ) references_clause
[ constraint_state ]
}
outer_join_clause
[ query_partition_clause ]
{ outer_join_type JOIN
| NATURAL [ outer_join_type ] JOIN
}
table_reference [ query_partition_clause ]
[ ON condition
| USING ( column [, column ]...)
]
outer_join_type
{ FULL | LEFT | RIGHT } [ OUTER ]
parallel_clause
{ NOPARALLEL | PARALLEL [ integer ] }
partial_database_recovery
{ TABLESPACE tablespace [, tablespace ]...
| DATAFILE { 'filename' | filenumber }
[, 'filename' | filenumber ]...
| STANDBY
{ TABLESPACE tablespace [, tablespace ]...
| DATAFILE { 'filename' | filenumber }
[, 'filename' | filenumber ]...
} UNTIL [ CONSISTENT WITH ] CONTROLFILE
}
partition_attributes
[ { physical_attributes_clause
| logging_clause
| allocate_extent_clause
| deallocate_unused_clause
| shrink_clause
}...
]
[ OVERFLOW
{ physical_attributes_clause
| logging_clause
| allocate_extent_clause
| deallocate_unused_clause
}...
]
[ table_compression ]
[ { { LOB LOB_item | VARRAY varray } (modify_LOB_parameters) }...]
partition_extended_name
PARTITION partition | PARTITION FOR ( partition_value [, partition_value]... )
partition_spec
PARTITION [ partition ] [ table_partition_description ]
partitioning_storage_clause
[ { TABLESPACE tablespace
| OVERFLOW [TABLESPACE tablespace]
| table_compression
| key_compression
| LOB_partitioning_storage
| VARRAY varray_item STORE AS [SECUREFILE | BASICFILE] LOB LOB_segname
}...
]
password_parameters
{ { FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
| PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME
| PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME
| PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX
| PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME
| PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME
}
{ expr | UNLIMITED | DEFAULT }
| PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION
{ function | NULL | DEFAULT }
}
permanent_tablespace_clause
{ MINIMUM EXTENT size_clause
| BLOCKSIZE integer [ K ]
| logging_clause
| FORCE LOGGING
| ENCRYPTION encryption_spec
| DEFAULT [ table_compression ]
storage_clause
| { ONLINE | OFFLINE }
| extent_management_clause
| segment_management_clause
| flashback_mode_clause
}...
physical_attributes_clause
[ { PCTFREE integer
| PCTUSED integer
| INITRANS integer
| storage_clause
}...
]
physical_properties
{ segment_attributes_clause [ table_compression ]
| ORGANIZATION
{ HEAP [ segment_attributes_clause ] [ table_compression ]
| INDEX [ segment_attributes_clause ] index_org_table_clause
| EXTERNAL external_table_clause
}
| CLUSTER cluster (column [, column ]...)
}
table_reference PIVOT [ XML ]
( aggregate_function ( expr ) [[AS] alias ]
[, aggregate_function ( expr ) [[AS] alias ] ]...
pivot_for_clause
pivot_in_clause
)
pivot_for_clause
FOR { column
| ( column [, column]... )
}
pivot_in_clause
IN ( { { { expr
| ( expr [, expr]... )
} [ [ AS] alias]
}...
| subquery
| ANY [, ANY]...
}
)
proxy_clause
{ GRANT | REVOKE } CONNECT
THROUGH { ENTERPRISE USERS
| db_user_proxy
}
qualified_disk_clause
search_string [ NAME disk_name ] [ SIZE size_clause ] [ FORCE | NOFORCE ]
qualified_template_clause
ATTRIBUTES ([ MIRROR | HIGH | UNPROTECTED ] [ FINE | COARSE ] )
SELECT
[ hint ]
[ { { DISTINCT | UNIQUE } | ALL } ]
select_list
FROM { table_reference | join_clause | ( join_clause ) }
[ , { table_reference | join_clause | (join_clause) } ] ...
[ where_clause ]
[ hierarchical_query_clause ]
[ group_by_clause ]
[ HAVING condition ]
[ model_clause ]
query_partition_clause
PARTITION BY
{ value_expr[, value_expr ]...
| ( value_expr[, value_expr ]... )
}
query_table_expression
{ query_name
| [ schema. ]
{ table [ partition_extension_clause
| @ dblink
]
| { view | materialized view } [ @ dblink ]
} ["sample_clause"]
| (subquery [ subquery_restriction_clause ])
| table_collection_expression
}
quiesce_clauses
QUIESCE RESTRICTED | UNQUIESCE
range_partition_desc
range_values_clause
table_partition_description
[ ( { range_subpartition_desc [, range_subpartition_desc] ...
| list_subpartition_desc [, list_subpartition_desc] ...
| individual_hash_subparts [, individual_hash_subparts] ...
}
) | hash_subparts_by_quantity ]
range_partitions
PARTITION BY RANGE (column[, column ]...)
[ INTERVAL expr [ STORE IN ( tablespace [, tablespace]...) ]]
( PARTITION [ partition ]
range_values_clause table_partition_description
[, PARTITION [ partition ]
range_values_clause table_partition_description
]...
)
range_subpartition_desc
SUBPARTITION [subpartition] range_values_clause [partitioning_storage_clause]
range_values_clause
VALUES LESS THAN
({ literal | MAXVALUE }
[, { literal | MAXVALUE } ]...
)
rebalance_diskgroup_clause
REBALANCE [POWER integer] [WAIT | NOWAIT]
rebuild_clause
REBUILD
[ { PARTITION partition
| SUBPARTITION subpartition
}
| { REVERSE | NOREVERSE }
]
[ parallel_clause
| TABLESPACE tablespace
| PARAMETERS ( { 'ODCI_parameters'
| 'XMLIndex_parameters'
}
)
| ONLINE
| physical_attributes_clause
| key_compression
| logging_clause
]...
records_per_block_clause
{ MINIMIZE | NOMINIMIZE } RECORDS_PER_BLOCK
recovery_clauses
{ general_recovery
| managed_standby_recovery
| BEGIN BACKUP
| END BACKUP
}
redo_log_file_spec
[ 'filename | ASM_filename'
| ('filename | ASM_filename'
[, 'filename | ASM_filename' ]...)
]
[ SIZE size_clause ]
[ REUSE ]
reference_model
REFERENCE reference_spreadsheet_name ON (subquery) spreadsheet_column_clauses [ cell_reference_options ]
PARTITION BY REFERENCE ( constraint ) [ (reference_partition_desc...) ]
references_clause
REFERENCES [ schema. ] { object_table | view }
[ (column [, column ]...) ]
[ON DELETE { CASCADE | SET NULL } ]
[ constraint_state ]
register_logfile_clause
REGISTER [ OR REPLACE ] [ PHYSICAL | LOGICAL ] LOGFILE [ file_specification [, file_specification ]... [ FOR logminer_session_name ]
relational_properties
{ column_definition
| virtual_column_definition
| { out_of_line_constraint
| out_of_line_ref_constraint
| supplemental_logging_props
}
}
[, { column_definition
| virtual_column_definition
| { out_of_line_constraint
| out_of_line_ref_constraint
| supplemental_logging_props
}
}
]...
relational_table
[ (relational_properties) ]
[ ON COMMIT { DELETE | PRESERVE } ROWS ]
[ physical_properties ]
[ table_properties ]
rename_column_clause
RENAME COLUMN old_name TO new_name
rename_index_partition
RENAME
{ PARTITION partition | SUBPARTITION subpartition }
TO new_name
rename_partition_subpart
RENAME { partition_extended_name
| subpartition_extended_name
} TO new_name
resize_disk_clauses
RESIZE
{ ALL [ SIZE size_clause ]
| DISK
disk_name [ SIZE size_clause ]
[, disk_name [ SIZE size_clause ] ]...
| DISKS IN FAILGROUP
failgroup_name [ SIZE size_clause ]
[, failgroup_name [ SIZE size_clause ] ]...
}
resource_parameters
{ { SESSIONS_PER_USER
| CPU_PER_SESSION
| CPU_PER_CALL
| CONNECT_TIME
| IDLE_TIME
| LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION
| LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL
| COMPOSITE_LIMIT
}
{ integer | UNLIMITED | DEFAULT }
| PRIVATE_SGA
{ size_clause | UNLIMITED | DEFAULT }
}
return_rows_clause
RETURN { UPDATED | ALL } ROWS
returning_clause
{ RETURN | RETURNING } expr [, expr ]...
INTO data_item [, data_item ]...
revoke_object_privileges
{ object_privilege | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
[, { object_privilege | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] } ]...
on_object_clause
FROM grantee_clause
[ CASCADE CONSTRAINTS | FORCE ]
revoke_system_privileges
{ system_privilege
| role
| ALL PRIVILEGES
}
[, { system_privilege
| role
| ALL PRIVILEGES
}
]...
FROM grantee_clause
rolling_migration_clause
{ START ROLLING MIGRATION TO ASM_version
| STOP ROLLING MIGRATION
}
rollup_cube_clause
{ ROLLUP | CUBE } (grouping_expression_list)
routine_clause
[ schema. ] [ type. | package. ]
{ function | procedure | method }
[ @dblink_name ]
( [ argument [, argument ]... ] )
row_movement_clause
{ ENABLE | DISABLE } ROW MOVEMENT
sample_clause
SAMPLE [ BLOCK ]
(sample_percent)
[ SEED (seed_value) ]
scoped_table_ref_constraint
{ SCOPE FOR
({ ref_column | ref_attribute })
IS [ schema. ] { scope_table_name | c_alias }
}
[, SCOPE FOR
({ ref_column | ref_attribute })
IS [ schema. ] { scope_table_name | c_alias }
]...
searched_case_expression
{ WHEN condition THEN return_expr }...
security_clause
GUARD { ALL | STANDBY | NONE }
segment_attributes_clause
{ physical_attributes_clause
| TABLESPACE tablespace
| logging_clause
}...
segment_management_clause
SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT { AUTO | MANUAL }
select_list
{ *
| { query_name.*
| [ schema. ]
{ table | view | materialized view } .*
| expr [ [ AS ] c_alias ]
}
[, { query_name.*
| [ schema. ]
{ table | view | materialized view } .*
| expr [ [ AS ] c_alias ]
}
]...
}
set_subpartition_template
SET SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE
{ ( range_subpartition_desc [, range_subpartition_desc]... )
| ( list_subpartition_desc [, list_subpartition_desc]... )
| hash_subpartition_quantity
}
set_time_zone_clause
SET TIME_ZONE =
'{ { + | - } hh : mi | time_zone_region }'
shrink_clause
SHRINK SPACE [ COMPACT ] [ CASCADE ]
shutdown_dispatcher_clause
SHUTDOWN [ IMMEDIATE ] dispatcher_name
simple_case_expression
expr
{ WHEN comparison_expr THEN return_expr }...
single_column_for_loop
FOR dimension_column
{ IN ( { literal [, literal ]...
| subquery
}
)
| [ LIKE pattern ] FROM literal TO literal
{ INCREMENT | DECREMENT } literal
}
single_table_insert
insert_into_clause
{ values_clause [ returning_clause ]
| subquery
} [ error_logging_clause ]
single_XMLSchema_spec
[ XMLSCHEMA XMLSchema_URL ]
ELEMENT { element | XMLSchema_URL # element }
size_clause
integer [ K | M | G | T | P | E ]
split_index_partition
SPLIT PARTITION partition_name_old
AT (literal [, literal ]...)
[ INTO (index_partition_description,
index_partition_description
)
]
[ parallel_clause ]
split_table_partition
SPLIT PARTITION current_partition
{ AT (literal [, literal]... )
[ INTO ( range_partition_desc [, range_partition_desc ]...
| VALUES (literal [, literal] ... )
[ INTO (list_partition_desc [, list_partition_desc ]... ]
} [ dependent_tables_clause ]
[ update_index_clauses ]
[ parallel_clause ]
split_table_subpartition
SPLIT SUBPARTITION subpartition
{ AT ( literal [, literal]... )
[ INTO (range_subpartition_desc, range_subpartition_desc) ]
| VALUES ({ literal | NULL [, literal | NULL ]...})
[ INTO (list_subpartition_desc, list_subpartition_desc) ]
} [ update_index_clauses ]
[ parallel_clause ]
[+ | -] days hours : minutes : seconds [. frac_secs ]
standby_database_clauses
{ activate_standby_db_clause
| maximize_standby_db_clause
| register_logfile_clause
| commit_switchover_clause
| start_standby_clause
| stop_standby_clause
| convert_database_clause
} [ parallel_clause ]
start_standby_clause
START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY
[ IMMEDIATE ]
[ NODELAY ]
[ NEW PRIMARY dblink
| INITIAL [ scn_value ]
| { SKIP FAILED TRANSACTION | FINISH }
]
startup_clauses
{ MOUNT [ { STANDBY | CLONE } DATABASE ]
| OPEN
{ [ READ WRITE ]
[ RESETLOGS | NORESETLOGS ]
[ UPGRADE | DOWNGRADE ]
| READ ONLY
}
}
stop_standby_clause
{ STOP | ABORT } LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY
storage_clause
STORAGE
({ INITIAL size_clause
| NEXT size_clause
| MINEXTENTS integer
| MAXEXTENTS { integer | UNLIMITED }
| maxsize_clause
| PCTINCREASE integer
| FREELISTS integer
| FREELIST GROUPS integer
| OPTIMAL [ size_clause | NULL ]
| BUFFER_POOL { KEEP | RECYCLE | DEFAULT }
| ENCRYPT
} ...
)
storage_table_clause
WITH {SYSTEM | USER} MANAGED STORAGE TABLES
string
[ {N | n} ]
{ 'c [ c ]...'
| { Q | q }
'quote_delimiter c [ c ]... quote_delimiter'
}
subpartition_by_hash
SUBPARTITION BY HASH (column [, column ]...)
[ SUBPARTITIONS integer
[ STORE IN (tablespace [, tablespace ]...) ]
| subpartition_template
]
subpartition_by_list
SUBPARTITION BY LIST (column) [ subpartition_template ]
subpartition_by_range
SUBPARTITION BY RANGE ( column [, column]... ) [subpartition_template]
subpartition_template
SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE
( { range_subpartition_desc [, range_subpartition_desc] ...
| list_subpartition_desc [, list_subpartition_desc] ...
| individual_hash_subparts [, individual_hash_subparts] ...
}
) | hash_subpartition_quantity
subquery
{ query_block
| subquery { UNION [ALL] | INTERSECT | MINUS } subquery
[ { UNION [ALL] | INTERSECT | MINUS } subquery ]...
| ( subquery )
} [ order_by_clause ]
subquery_factoring_clause
WITH query_name AS (subquery)
[, query_name AS (subquery) ]...
subquery_restriction_clause
WITH { READ ONLY
| CHECK OPTION [ CONSTRAINT constraint ]
}
substitutable_column_clause
{ [ ELEMENT ] IS OF [ TYPE ] ( [ONLY] type)
| [ NOT ] SUBSTITUTABLE AT ALL LEVELS
}
supplemental_db_logging
{ ADD | DROP } SUPPLEMENTAL LOG
{ DATA
| supplemental_id_key_clause
| supplemental_plsql_clause
}
supplemental_id_key_clause
DATA
( { ALL | PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE | FOREIGN KEY }
[, { ALL | PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE | FOREIGN KEY } ]...
)
COLUMNS
supplemental_log_grp_clause
GROUP log_group (column [ NO LOG ] [, column [ NO LOG ] ]...) [ ALWAYS ]
supplemental_logging_props
SUPPLEMENTAL LOG { supplemental_log_grp_clause
| supplemental_id_key_clause
}
supplemental_plsql_clause
DATA FOR PROCEDURAL REPLICATION
supplemental_table_logging
{ ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG
{ supplemental_log_grp_clause | supplemental_id_key_clause }
[, SUPPLEMENTAL LOG
{ supplemental_log_grp_clause | supplemental_id_key_clause }
]...
| DROP SUPPLEMENTAL LOG
{ supplemental_id_key_clause | GROUP log_group }
[, SUPPLEMENTAL LOG
{ supplemental_id_key_clause | GROUP log_group }
]...
}
PARTITION BY SYSTEM [ PARTITIONS integer
| reference_partition_description
[, reference_partition_description ...]
]
table_collection_expression
TABLE (collection_expression) [ (+) ]
table_compression
{ COMPRESS [ FOR { ALL | DIRECT_LOAD } OPERATIONS ]
| NOCOMPRESS
}
table_index_clause
[ schema. ] table [ t_alias ] (index_expr [ ASC | DESC ] [, index_expr [ ASC | DESC ] ]...) [ index_properties ]
table_partition_description
[ segment_attributes_clause ]
[ table_compression | key_compression ]
[ OVERFLOW [ segment_attributes_clause ] ]
[ { LOB_storage_clause
| varray_col_properties
}...
]
table_partitioning_clauses
{ range_partitions
| hash_partitions
| list_partitions
| reference_partitioning
| composite_range_partitions
| composite_list_partitions
| system_partitioning
}
table_properties
[ column_properties ] [ table_partitioning_clauses ] [ CACHE | NOCACHE ] [ parallel_clause ] [ ROWDEPENDENCIES | NOROWDEPENDENCIES ] [ enable_disable_clause ]... [ row_movement_clause ] [ flashback_archive_clause ] [ AS subquery ]
table_reference
{ ONLY (query_table_expression)
| query_table_expression [ pivot_clause | unpivot_clause ]
} [ flashback_query_clause ]
[ t_alias ]
storage_table_clause
WITH {SYSTEM | USER} MANAGED STORAGE TABLES
tablespace_clauses
{ EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
| DATAFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]...
| SYSAUX DATAFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]...
| default_tablespace
| default_temp_tablespace
| undo_tablespace
}
tablespace_group_clause
TABLESPACE GROUP { tablespace_group_name | '' }
tablespace_logging_clauses
{ logging_clause
| [ NO ] FORCE LOGGING
}
tablespace_retention_clause
RETENTION { GUARANTEE | NOGUARANTEE }
tablespace_state_clauses
{ { ONLINE
| OFFLINE [ NORMAL | TEMPORARY | IMMEDIATE ]
}
| READ { ONLY | WRITE }
| { PERMANENT | TEMPORARY }
}
temporary_tablespace_clause
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tablespace [ TEMPFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]... ] [ tablespace_group_clause ] [ extent_management_clause ]
timeout_clause
DROP AFTER integer { M | H }
trace_file_clause
TRACE [ AS 'filename' [ REUSE ] ] [ RESETLOGS | NORESETLOGS ]
truncate_partition_subpart
TRUNCATE { partition_extended_name
| subpartition_extended_name
}
[ { DROP | REUSE } STORAGE ]
[ update_index_clauses [ parallel_clause ] ]
undo_tablespace
[ BIGFILE | SMALLFILE ] UNDO TABLESPACE tablespace [ TABLESPACE file_specification [, file_specification ]...]
undo_tablespace_clause
UNDO TABLESPACE tablespace [ DATAFILE file_specification [, file_specification ]... ] [ extent_management_clause ] [ tablespace_retention_clause ]
undrop_disk_clause
UNDROP DISKS
table_reference UNPIVOT [ {INCLUDE | EXCLUDE} NULLS ]
( { column | ( column [, column]... ) }
pivot_for_clause
unpivot_in_clause
)
unpivot_in_clause
IN
( { column | ( column [, column]... ) }
[ AS { constant | ( constant [, constant]... ) } ]
[, { column | ( column [, column]... ) }
[ AS { constant | ( constant [, constant]... ) } ]
]...
)
update_all_indexes_clause
UPDATE INDEXES
[ (index ( update_index_partition
| update_index_subpartition
)
[, (index ( update_index_partition
| update_index_subpartition
)
)
]...
)
update_global_index_clause
{ UPDATE | INVALIDATE } GLOBAL INDEXES
update_index_clauses
{ update_global_index_clause
| update_all_indexes_clause
}
update_index_partition
index_partition_description
[ index_subpartition_clause ]
[, index_partition_description
[ index_subpartition_clause ] ...
update_index_subpartition
SUBPARTITION [ subpartition ]
[ TABLESPACE tablespace ]
[, SUBPARTITION [ subpartition ]
[ TABLESPACE tablespace ]
]...
update_set_clause
SET
{ { (column [, column ]...) = (subquery)
| column = { expr | (subquery) | DEFAULT }
}
[, { (column [, column]...) = (subquery)
| column = { expr | (subquery) | DEFAULT }
}
]...
| VALUE (t_alias) = { expr | (subquery) }
}
upgrade_table_clause
UPGRADE [ [NOT ] INCLUDING DATA ] [ column_properties ]
using_function_clause
USING [ schema. ] [ package. | type. ] function_name
using_index_clause
USING INDEX
{ [ schema. ] index
| (create_index_statement)
| index_properties
}
using_statistics_type
USING { [ schema. ] statistics_type | NULL }
using_type_clause
USING [ schema. ] implementation_type [ array_DML_clause ]
validation_clauses
{ VALIDATE REF UPDATE
[ SET DANGLING TO NULL ]
| VALIDATE STRUCTURE
[ CASCADE { FAST | COMPLETE } ]
[ into_clause ]
{ OFFLINE| ONLINE }
}
values_clause
VALUES ({ expr | DEFAULT }
[, { expr | DEFAULT } ]...
)
varray_col_properties
VARRAY varray_item
{ [ substitutable_column_clause ] varray_storage_clause
| substitutable_column_clause
}
varray_storage_clause
STORE AS [SECUREFILE | BASICFILE] LOB
{ [LOB_segname] ( LOB_storage_parameters )
| LOB_segname
}
where_clause
WHERE condition
windowing_clause
{ ROWS | RANGE }
{ BETWEEN
{ UNBOUNDED PRECEDING
| CURRENT ROW
| value_expr { PRECEDING | FOLLOWING }
}
AND
{ UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
| CURRENT ROW
| value_expr { PRECEDING | FOLLOWING }
}
| { UNBOUNDED PRECEDING
| CURRENT ROW
| value_expr PRECEDING
}
}
XMLATTRIBUTES
[ENTITYESCAPING | NOENTITYESCAPING]
[SCHEMACHECK | NOSCHEMACHECK]
value_expr [ AS { c_alias | EVALNAME value_expr } ]
[, value_expr [ AS { c_alias | EVALNAME value_expr } ]
]...
XMLNAMESPACES
( [ string AS identifier ]
[ [, string AS identifier ]
]...
[ DEFAULT string ]
)
PASSING [ BY VALUE ]
expr [ AS identifier ]
[, expr [ AS identifier ]
]...
XML_table_column
column
{ FOR ORDINALITY
| datatype [ PATH string ] [ DEFAULT expr ]
}
[ XML_passing_clause ] [ COLUMNS XML_table_column [, XML_table_column]...]
XMLindex_clause
[XDB.] XMLINDEX [ local_XMLIndex_clause ]
[ parallel_clause ]
[ PARAMETERS ('XMLIndex_Parameters') ]
XMLSchema_spec
[ XMLSCHEMA XMLSchema_URL ]
ELEMENT { element | XMLSchema_URL # element }
XMLType_column_properties
XMLTYPE [ COLUMN ] column [ XMLType_storage ] [ XMLSchema_spec ]
XMLType_storage
STORE AS
{ OBJECT RELATIONAL
| [SECUREFILE | BASICFILE]
{ CLOB | BINARY XML }
[ { LOB_segname [ (LOB_parameters) ]
| (LOB_parameters)
}
]
}
XMLType_table
OF XMLTYPE
[ (oject_properties) ]
[ XMLTYPE XMLType_storage ]
[ XMLSchema_spec ]
[ XMLType_virtual_columns ]
[ ON COMMIT { DELETE | PRESERVE } ROWS ]
[ OID_clause ]
[ OID_index_clause ]
[ physical_properties ]
[ table_properties ]
XMLType_view_clause
OF XMLTYPE [ XMLSchema_spec ]
WITH OBJECT IDENTIFIER
{ DEFAULT | ( expr [, expr ]...) }
XMLType_virtual_columns
VIRTUAL COLUMNS ( column AS (expr) [, column AS (expr) ]... )
[-] P [ years Y ] [months M] [days D] [T [hours H] [minutes M] [seconds [. frac_secs] S ] ]
