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java.io
Class Writer
java.lang.Object
java.io.Writer
-
All Implemented Interfaces:
-
Closeable
,
Flushable
,
Appendable
-
Direct Known Subclasses:
-
BufferedWriter
,
CharArrayWriter
,
FilterWriter
,
OutputStreamWriter
,
PipedWriter
,
PrintWriter
,
StringWriter
-
public abstract class Writer
- extends Object
- implements Appendable, Closeable, Flushable
Abstract class for writing to character streams. The only methods that a subclass must implement are write(char[], int, int), flush(), and close(). Most subclasses, however, will override some of the methods defined here in order to provide higher efficiency, additional functionality, or both.
-
Since:
-
JDK1.1
-
See Also:
-
Writer
,
BufferedWriter
,
CharArrayWriter
,
FilterWriter
,
OutputStreamWriter
,
FileWriter
,
PipedWriter
,
PrintWriter
,
StringWriter
,
Reader
Field Summary
|
protected
Object
|
lock
The object used to synchronize operations on this stream. |
Constructor Summary
|
protected |
Writer
()
Creates
Create
a new character-stream writer whose critical sections will synchronize on the writer itself. |
protected |
Writer
(
Object
Creates
Create
a new character-stream writer whose critical sections will synchronize on the given object. |
Method Summary
|
Writer
|
append
(char c)
Appends the specified character to this writer. |
Writer
|
append
(
CharSequence
csq)
Appends the specified character sequence to this writer. |
Writer
|
append
(
CharSequence
csq, int start, int end)
Appends a subsequence of the specified character sequence to this writer. |
abstract void |
close
()
Closes
Close
the stream, flushing it first. |
abstract void |
flush
()
Flushes
Flush
the stream. |
void |
write
(char[] cbuf)
Writes
Write
an array of characters. |
abstract void |
write
(char[] cbuf, int off, int len)
Writes
Write
a portion of an array of characters. |
void |
write
(int c)
Writes
Write
a single character. |
void |
write
(
String
Writes
Write
a string. |
void |
write
(
String
Writes
Write
a portion of a string. |
Methods inherited from class java.lang.
Object
|
clone
,
equals
,
finalize
,
getClass
,
hashCode
,
notify
,
notifyAll
,
toString
,
wait
,
wait
,
wait
|
lock
protected Object lock
-
The object used to synchronize operations on this stream. For efficiency, a character-stream object may use an object other than itself to protect critical sections. A subclass should therefore use the object in this field rather than
this
or a synchronized method.
Writer
protected Writer()
-
Creates
Create
a new character-stream writer whose critical sections will synchronize on the writer itself.
Writer
protected Writer(Object lock)
-
Creates
Create
a new character-stream writer whose critical sections will synchronize on the given object.
-
Parameters:
-
lock - Object to synchronize
on
on.
write
public void write(int c)
throws IOException
-
Writes
Write
a single character. The character to be written is contained in the 16 low-order bits of the given integer value; the 16 high-order bits are ignored.
Subclasses that intend to support efficient single-character output should override this method.
-
-
-
Parameters:
-
c - int specifying a character to be
written
written.
-
Throws:
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs
write
public void write(char[] cbuf)
throws IOException
-
Writes
Write
an array of characters.
-
-
-
Parameters:
-
cbuf - Array of characters to be written
-
Throws:
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs
write
public abstract void write(char[] cbuf,
int off,
int len)
throws IOException
-
Writes
Write
a portion of an array of characters.
-
-
-
Parameters:
-
cbuf - Array of characters
-
off - Offset from which to start writing characters
-
len - Number of characters to write
-
Throws:
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs
write
public void write(String str)
throws IOException
-
Writes
Write
a string.
-
-
-
Parameters:
-
str - String to be written
-
Throws:
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs
write
public void write(String str,
int off,
int len)
throws IOException
-
Writes
Write
a portion of a string.
-
-
-
Parameters:
-
str - A String
-
off - Offset from which to start writing characters
-
len - Number of characters to write
-
Throws:
-
IndexOutOfBoundsException
- If
off
is negative, or
len
is negative, or
off+len
is negative or greater than the length of the given string
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs
append
public Writer append(CharSequence csq)
throws IOException
-
Appends the specified character sequence to this writer.
An invocation of this method of the form
out.append(csq)
behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation
out.write(csq.toString())
Depending on the specification of
toString
for the character sequence
csq
, the entire sequence may not be appended. For instance, invoking the
toString
method of a character buffer will return a subsequence whose content depends upon the buffer's position and limit.
-
-
Specified by:
-
append
in interface
Appendable
-
-
Parameters:
-
csq - The character sequence to append. If
csq
is
null
, then the four characters
"null"
are appended to this writer.
-
Returns:
-
This writer
-
Throws:
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs
-
Since:
-
1.5
append
public Writer append(CharSequence csq,
int start,
int end)
throws IOException
-
Appends a subsequence of the specified character sequence to this writer.
Appendable
.
An invocation of this method of the form
out.append(csq, start, end)
when
csq
is not
null
behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation
out.write(csq.subSequence(start, end).toString())
-
-
Specified by:
-
append
in interface
Appendable
-
-
Parameters:
-
csq - The character sequence from which a subsequence will be appended. If
csq
is
null
, then characters will be appended as if
csq
contained the four characters
"null"
.
-
start - The index of the first character in the subsequence
-
end - The index of the character following the last character in the subsequence
-
Returns:
-
This writer
-
Throws:
-
IndexOutOfBoundsException
- If
start
or
end
are negative,
start
is greater than
end
, or
end
is greater than
csq.length()
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs
-
Since:
-
1.5
append
public Writer append(char c)
throws IOException
-
Appends the specified character to this writer.
An invocation of this method of the form
out.append(c)
behaves in exactly the same way as the invocation
out.write(c)
-
-
Specified by:
-
append
in interface
Appendable
-
-
Parameters:
-
c - The 16-bit character to append
-
Returns:
-
This writer
-
Throws:
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs
-
Since:
-
1.5
flush
public abstract void flush()
throws IOException
-
Flushes
Flush
the stream. If the stream has saved any characters from the various write() methods in a buffer, write them immediately to their intended destination. Then, if that destination is another character or byte stream, flush it. Thus one flush() invocation will flush all the buffers in a chain of Writers and OutputStreams.
If the intended destination of this stream is an abstraction provided by the underlying operating system, for example a file, then flushing the stream guarantees only that bytes previously written to the stream are passed to the operating system for writing; it does not guarantee that they are actually written to a physical device such as a disk drive.
-
-
Specified by:
-
flush
in interface
Flushable
-
-
Throws:
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs
close
public abstract void close()
throws IOException
-
Closes
Close
the stream, flushing it first. Once
the
a
stream has been closed, further write() or flush() invocations will cause an IOException to be thrown. Closing a
previously closed stream
previously-closed stream, however,
has no effect.
-
-
Specified by:
-
close
in interface
Closeable
-
-
Throws:
-
IOException
- If an I/O error occurs