Connection

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~~is old.~~

is new.

java.sql
Interface Connection

All Superinterfaces:: Wrapper

public interface Connection
extends Wrapper
extends Wrapper

A connection (session) with a specific database. SQL statements are executed and results are returned within the context of a connection.

A Connection object's database is able to provide information describing its tables, its supported SQL grammar, its stored procedures, the capabilities of this connection, and so on. This information is obtained with the getMetaData method.

Note: When configuring a Connection, JDBC applications should use the appropritate Connection method such as setAutoCommit or setTransactionIsolation. Applications should not invoke SQL commands directly to change the connection's configuration when there is a JDBC method available. By default a Connection object is in auto-commit mode, which means that it automatically commits changes after executing each statement. If auto-commit mode has been disabled, the method commit must be called explicitly in order to commit changes; otherwise, database changes will not be saved.

A new Connection object created using the JDBC 2.1 core API has an initially empty type map associated with it. A user may enter a custom mapping for a UDT in this type map. When a UDT is retrieved from a data source with the method ResultSet.getObject, the getObject method will check the connection's type map to see if there is an entry for that UDT. If so, the getObject method will map the UDT to the class indicated. If there is no entry, the UDT will be mapped using the standard mapping.

A user may create a new type map, which is a java.util.Map object, make an entry in it, and pass it to the java.sql methods that can perform custom mapping. In this case, the method will use the given type map instead of the one associated with the connection.

For example, the following code fragment specifies that the SQL type ATHLETES will be mapped to the class Athletes in the Java programming language. The code fragment retrieves the type map for the Connection object con, inserts the entry into it, and then sets the type map with the new entry as the connection's type map.


      java.util.Map map = con.getTypeMap();
      map.put("mySchemaName.ATHLETES", Class.forName("Athletes"));
      con.setTypeMap(map);

See Also:: DriverManager.getConnection(java.lang.String, java.util.Properties) , Statement , ResultSet , DatabaseMetaData

Field Summary

static int TRANSACTION_NONE
          A constant indicating that transactions are not supported.

static int TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED
          A constant indicating that dirty reads are prevented; non-repeatable reads and phantom reads can occur.

static int TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED
          A constant indicating that dirty reads, non-repeatable reads and phantom reads can occur.

static int TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
          A constant indicating that dirty reads and non-repeatable reads are prevented; phantom reads can occur.

static int TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE
          A constant indicating that dirty reads, non-repeatable reads and phantom reads are prevented.

Method Summary

void clearWarnings ()
          Clears all warnings reported for this Connection object.

void close ()
          Releases this Connection object's database and JDBC resources immediately instead of waiting for them to be automatically released.

void commit ()
          Makes all changes made since the previous commit/rollback permanent and releases any database locks currently held by this Connection object.

Blob createBlob ()
          Constructs an object that implements the Blob interface.

Clob createClob ()
          Constructs an object that implements the Clob interface.

NClob createNClob ()
          Constructs an object that implements the NClob interface.

<T> T

createQueryObject ( Class <T> ifc)
          Creates a concrete implementation of a Query interface using the JDBC drivers QueryObjectGenerator implementation.

SQLXML createSQLXML ()
          Constructs an object that implements the SQLXML interface.

Statement createStatement ()
          Creates a Statement object for sending SQL statements to the database.

Statement createStatement (int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency)
          Creates a Statement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency.

Statement createStatement (int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability)
          Creates a Statement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type, concurrency, and holdability.

boolean getAutoCommit ()
          Retrieves the current auto-commit mode for this Connection object.

String getCatalog ()
          Retrieves this Connection object's current catalog name.

Properties getClientInfo ()
          Returns a list containing the name and current value of each client info property supported by the driver.

String getClientInfo ( String
          Returns the value of the client info property specified by name.

int getHoldability ()
          Retrieves the current holdability of ResultSet objects created using this Connection object.

DatabaseMetaData getMetaData ()
          Retrieves a DatabaseMetaData object that contains metadata about the database to which this Connection object represents a connection.

int getTransactionIsolation ()
          Retrieves this Connection object's current transaction isolation level.

Map < String , Class <?>> getTypeMap ()
          Retrieves the Map object associated with this Connection object.

SQLWarning getWarnings ()
          Retrieves the first warning reported by calls on this Connection object.

boolean isClosed ()
          Retrieves whether this Connection object has been closed.

boolean isReadOnly ()
          Retrieves whether this Connection object is in read-only mode.

boolean isValid (int timeout)
          Returns true if the connection has not been closed and is still valid.

String nativeSQL ( String sql)
          Converts the given SQL statement into the system's native SQL grammar.

CallableStatement prepareCall ( String sql)
          Creates a CallableStatement object for calling database stored procedures.

CallableStatement prepareCall ( String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency)
          Creates a CallableStatement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency.

CallableStatement prepareCall ( String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability)
          Creates a CallableStatement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency.

PreparedStatement prepareStatement ( String sql)
          Creates a PreparedStatement object for sending parameterized SQL statements to the database.

PreparedStatement prepareStatement ( String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys)
          Creates a default PreparedStatement object that has the capability to retrieve auto-generated keys.

PreparedStatement prepareStatement ( String sql, int[] columnIndexes)
          Creates a default PreparedStatement object capable of returning the auto-generated keys designated by the given array.

PreparedStatement prepareStatement ( String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency)
          Creates a PreparedStatement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency.

PreparedStatement prepareStatement ( String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency, int resultSetHoldability)
          Creates a PreparedStatement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type, concurrency, and holdability.

PreparedStatement prepareStatement ( String sql, String [] columnNames)
          Creates a default PreparedStatement object capable of returning the auto-generated keys designated by the given array.

void releaseSavepoint ( Savepoint
          Removes the specified ~~given~~ Savepoint and subsequent Savepoint objects ~~object~~ from the current transaction.

void rollback ()
          Undoes all changes made in the current transaction and releases any database locks currently held by this Connection object.

void rollback ( Savepoint savepoint)
          Undoes all changes made after the given Savepoint object was set.

void setAutoCommit (boolean autoCommit)
          Sets this connection's auto-commit mode to the given state.

void setCatalog ( String catalog)
          Sets the given catalog name in order to select a subspace of this Connection object's database in which to work.

void setClientInfo ~~setHoldability~~ ( Properties ~~(int holdability)~~
          Sets           ~~Changes~~ the value ~~holdability~~ of ~~ResultSet objects created using this Connection object to~~ the connection's client info properties. ~~given holdability.~~

void setClientInfo ( String name, String
          Sets the value of the client info property specified by name to the value specified by value.

void setHoldability (int holdability)
          Changes the default holdability of ResultSet objects created using this Connection object to the given holdability.

void setReadOnly (boolean readOnly)
          Puts this connection in read-only mode as a hint to the driver to enable database optimizations.

Savepoint setSavepoint ()
          Creates an unnamed savepoint in the current transaction and returns the new Savepoint object that represents it.

Savepoint setSavepoint ( String name)
          Creates a savepoint with the given name in the current transaction and returns the new Savepoint object that represents it.

void setTransactionIsolation (int level)
          Attempts to change the transaction isolation level for this Connection object to the one given.

void setTypeMap ( Map < String , Class <?>> map)
          Installs the given TypeMap object as the type map for this Connection object.

Methods inherited from interface java.sql. Wrapper

isWrapperFor , unwrap

Field Summary
static int	TRANSACTION_NONE A constant indicating that transactions are not supported.
static int	TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED A constant indicating that dirty reads are prevented; non-repeatable reads and phantom reads can occur.
static int	TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED A constant indicating that dirty reads, non-repeatable reads and phantom reads can occur.
static int	TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ A constant indicating that dirty reads and non-repeatable reads are prevented; phantom reads can occur.
static int	TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE A constant indicating that dirty reads, non-repeatable reads and phantom reads are prevented.

*Methods inherited from interface java.sql.* *Wrapper*
*isWrapperFor* , *unwrap*

Field Detail

TRANSACTION_NONE


static final int TRANSACTION_NONE

A constant indicating that transactions are not supported.

See Also:: Constant Field Values

TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED


static final int TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED

A constant indicating that dirty reads, non-repeatable reads and phantom reads can occur. This level allows a row changed by one transaction to be read by another transaction before any changes in that row have been committed (a "dirty read"). If any of the changes are rolled back, the second transaction will have retrieved an invalid row.

See Also:: Constant Field Values

TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED


static final int TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED

A constant indicating that dirty reads are prevented; non-repeatable reads and phantom reads can occur. This level only prohibits a transaction from reading a row with uncommitted changes in it.

See Also:: Constant Field Values

TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ


static final int TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ

A constant indicating that dirty reads and non-repeatable reads are prevented; phantom reads can occur. This level prohibits a transaction from reading a row with uncommitted changes in it, and it also prohibits the situation where one transaction reads a row, a second transaction alters the row, and the first transaction rereads the row, getting different values the second time (a "non-repeatable read").

See Also:: Constant Field Values

TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE


static final int TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE

A constant indicating that dirty reads, non-repeatable reads and phantom reads are prevented. This level includes the prohibitions in TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ and further prohibits the situation where one transaction reads all rows that satisfy a WHERE condition, a second transaction inserts a row that satisfies that WHERE condition, and the first transaction rereads for the same condition, retrieving the additional "phantom" row in the second read.

See Also:: Constant Field Values

Method Detail

createStatement


Statement createStatement()
                          throws SQLException

Creates a Statement object for sending SQL statements to the database. SQL statements without parameters are normally executed using Statement objects. If the same SQL statement is executed many times, it may be more efficient to use a PreparedStatement object.

Result sets created using the returned Statement object will by default be type TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY and have a concurrency level of CONCUR_READ_ONLY.

Returns:: a new default Statement object
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs

prepareStatement


PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql)
                                   throws SQLException

Creates a PreparedStatement object for sending parameterized SQL statements to the database.

A SQL statement with or without IN parameters can be pre-compiled and stored in a PreparedStatement object. This object can then be used to efficiently execute this statement multiple times.

Note: This method is optimized for handling parametric SQL statements that benefit from precompilation. If the driver supports precompilation, the method prepareStatement will send the statement to the database for precompilation. Some drivers may not support precompilation. In this case, the statement may not be sent to the database until the PreparedStatement object is executed. This has no direct effect on users; however, it does affect which methods throw certain SQLException objects.

Result sets created using the returned PreparedStatement object will by default be type TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY and have a concurrency level of CONCUR_READ_ONLY.

Parameters:: sql - an SQL statement that may contain one or more '?' IN parameter placeholders
Returns:: a new default PreparedStatement object containing the pre-compiled SQL statement
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs

prepareCall


CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql)
                              throws SQLException

Creates a CallableStatement object for calling database stored procedures. The CallableStatement object provides methods for setting up its IN and OUT parameters, and methods for executing the call to a stored procedure.

Note: This method is optimized for handling stored procedure call statements. Some drivers may send the call statement to the database when the method prepareCall is done; others may wait until the CallableStatement object is executed. This has no direct effect on users; however, it does affect which method throws certain SQLExceptions.

Result sets created using the returned CallableStatement object will by default be type TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY and have a concurrency level of CONCUR_READ_ONLY.

Parameters:: sql - an SQL statement that may contain one or more '?' parameter placeholders. Typically this statement is specified using a JDBC ~~function~~ call escape syntax. ~~string.~~
Returns:: a new default CallableStatement object containing the pre-compiled SQL statement
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs

nativeSQL


String nativeSQL(String sql)
                 throws SQLException

Converts the given SQL statement into the system's native SQL grammar. A driver may convert the JDBC SQL grammar into its system's native SQL grammar prior to sending it. This method returns the native form of the statement that the driver would have sent.

Parameters:: sql - an SQL statement that may contain one or more '?' parameter placeholders
Returns:: the native form of this statement
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setAutoCommit


void setAutoCommit(boolean autoCommit)
                   throws SQLException

Sets this connection's auto-commit mode to the given state. If a connection is in auto-commit mode, then all its SQL statements will be executed and committed as individual transactions. Otherwise, its SQL statements are grouped into transactions that are terminated by a call to either the method commit or the method rollback. By default, new connections are in auto-commit mode.

The commit occurs when the statement completes or the next execute occurs, whichever comes first. In the case of statements returning a ResultSet object, the statement completes when the last row of the ResultSet object has been retrieved or the ResultSet object has been closed. In advanced cases, a single statement may return multiple results as well as output parameter values. In these cases, the commit occurs when all results and output parameter values have been retrieved.

NOTE: If this method is called during a transaction, the transaction is committed.

Parameters:: autoCommit - true to enable auto-commit mode; false to disable it
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs
See Also:: getAutoCommit()

getAutoCommit


boolean getAutoCommit()
                      throws SQLException

Retrieves the current auto-commit mode for this Connection object.

Returns:: the current state of this Connection object's auto-commit mode
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs
See Also:: setAutoCommit(boolean)

commit


void commit()
            throws SQLException

Makes all changes made since the previous commit/rollback permanent and releases any database locks currently held by this Connection object. This method should be used only when auto-commit mode has been disabled.

Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this Connection object is in auto-commit mode
See Also:: setAutoCommit(boolean)

rollback


void rollback()
              throws SQLException

Undoes all changes made in the current transaction and releases any database locks currently held by this Connection object. This method should be used only when auto-commit mode has been disabled.

Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this Connection object is in auto-commit mode
See Also:: setAutoCommit(boolean)

close


void close()
           throws SQLException

Releases this Connection object's database and JDBC resources immediately instead of waiting for them to be automatically released.

Calling the method close on a Connection object that is already closed is a no-op.

Note: A Connection object is automatically closed when it is garbage collected. Certain fatal errors also close a Connection object.

Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs

isClosed


boolean isClosed()
                 throws SQLException

Retrieves whether this Connection object has been closed. A connection is closed if the method close has been called on it or if certain fatal errors have occurred. This method is guaranteed to return true only when it is called after the method Connection.close has been called.

This method generally cannot be called to determine whether a connection to a database is valid or invalid. A typical client can determine that a connection is invalid by catching any exceptions that might be thrown when an operation is attempted.

Returns:: true if this Connection object is closed; false if it is still open
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs

getMetaData


DatabaseMetaData getMetaData()
                             throws SQLException

Retrieves a DatabaseMetaData object that contains metadata about the database to which this Connection object represents a connection. The metadata includes information about the database's tables, its supported SQL grammar, its stored procedures, the capabilities of this connection, and so on.

Returns:: a DatabaseMetaData object for this Connection object
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setReadOnly


void setReadOnly(boolean readOnly)
                 throws SQLException

Puts this connection in read-only mode as a hint to the driver to enable database optimizations.

Note: This method cannot be called during a transaction.

Parameters:: readOnly - true enables read-only mode; false disables it
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called during a transaction

isReadOnly


boolean isReadOnly()
                   throws SQLException

Retrieves whether this Connection object is in read-only mode.

Returns:: true if this Connection object is read-only; false otherwise
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setCatalog


void setCatalog(String catalog)
                throws SQLException

Sets the given catalog name in order to select a subspace of this Connection object's database in which to work.

If the driver does not support catalogs, it will silently ignore this request.

Parameters:: catalog - the name of a catalog (subspace in this Connection object's database) in which to work
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs
See Also:: getCatalog()

getCatalog


String getCatalog()
                  throws SQLException

Retrieves this Connection object's current catalog name.

Returns:: the current catalog name or null if there is none
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs
See Also:: setCatalog(java.lang.String)

setTransactionIsolation


void setTransactionIsolation(int level)
                             throws SQLException

Attempts to change the transaction isolation level for this Connection object to the one given. The constants defined in the interface Connection are the possible transaction isolation levels.

Note: If this method is called during a transaction, the result is implementation-defined.

Parameters:: level - one of the following Connection constants: Connection.TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED, Connection.TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED, Connection.TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ, or Connection.TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE. (Note that Connection.TRANSACTION_NONE cannot be used because it specifies that transactions are not supported.)
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given parameter is not one of the Connection constants
See Also:: DatabaseMetaData.supportsTransactionIsolationLevel(int) , getTransactionIsolation()

getTransactionIsolation


int getTransactionIsolation()
                            throws SQLException

Retrieves this Connection object's current transaction isolation level.

Returns:: the current transaction isolation level, which will be one of the following constants: Connection.TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED, Connection.TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED, Connection.TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ, Connection.TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE, or Connection.TRANSACTION_NONE.
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs
See Also:: setTransactionIsolation(int)

getWarnings


SQLWarning getWarnings()
                       throws SQLException

Retrieves the first warning reported by calls on this Connection object. If there is more than one warning, subsequent warnings will be chained to the first one and can be retrieved by calling the method SQLWarning.getNextWarning on the warning that was retrieved previously.

This method may not be called on a closed connection; doing so will cause an SQLException to be thrown.

Note: Subsequent warnings will be chained to this SQLWarning.

Returns:: the first SQLWarning object or null if there are none
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this method is called on a closed connection
See Also:: SQLWarning

clearWarnings


void clearWarnings()
                   throws SQLException

Clears all warnings reported for this Connection object. After a call to this method, the method getWarnings returns null until a new warning is reported for this Connection object.

Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs

createStatement


Statement createStatement(int resultSetType,
                          int resultSetConcurrency)
                          throws SQLException

Creates a Statement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency. This method is the same as the createStatement method above, but it allows the default result set type and concurrency to be overridden.

Parameters:: resultSetType - a result set type; one of ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, or ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE; resultSetConcurrency - a concurrency type; one of ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY or ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE
Returns:: a new Statement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given parameters are not ResultSet constants indicating type and concurrency
Since:: 1.2

prepareStatement


PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql,
                                   int resultSetType,
                                   int resultSetConcurrency)
                                   throws SQLException

Creates a PreparedStatement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency. This method is the same as the prepareStatement method above, but it allows the default result set type and concurrency to be overridden.

Parameters:: sql - a String object that is the SQL statement to be sent to the database; may contain one or more ? IN parameters; resultSetType - a result set type; one of ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, or ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE; resultSetConcurrency - a concurrency type; one of ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY or ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE
Returns:: a new PreparedStatement object containing the pre-compiled SQL statement that will produce ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given parameters are not ResultSet constants indicating type and concurrency
Since:: 1.2

prepareCall


CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql,
                              int resultSetType,
                              int resultSetConcurrency)
                              throws SQLException

Creates a CallableStatement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency. This method is the same as the prepareCall method above, but it allows the default result set type and concurrency to be overridden.

Parameters:: sql - a String object that is the SQL statement to be sent to the database; may contain on or more ? parameters; resultSetType - a result set type; one of ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, or ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE; resultSetConcurrency - a concurrency type; one of ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY or ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE
Returns:: a new CallableStatement object containing the pre-compiled SQL statement that will produce ResultSet objects with the given type and concurrency
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given parameters are not ResultSet constants indicating type and concurrency
Since:: 1.2

getTypeMap


Map<String,Class<?>> getTypeMap()
                                throws SQLException

Retrieves the Map object associated with this Connection object. Unless the application has added an entry, the type map returned will be empty.

Returns:: the java.util.Map object associated with this Connection object
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs
Since:: 1.2
See Also:: setTypeMap(java.util.Map >)

setTypeMap


void setTypeMap(Map<String,Class<?>> map)
                throws SQLException

Installs the given TypeMap object as the type map for this Connection object. The type map will be used for the custom mapping of SQL structured types and distinct types.

Parameters:: map - the java.util.Map object to install as the replacement for this Connection object's default type map
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given parameter is not a java.util.Map object
Since:: 1.2
See Also:: getTypeMap()

setHoldability


void setHoldability(int holdability)
                    throws SQLException

Changes the

default holdability of ResultSet objects created using this Connection object to the given holdability.

Parameters:: holdability - a ResultSet holdability constant; one of ResultSet.HOLD_CURSORS_OVER_COMMIT or ResultSet.CLOSE_CURSORS_AT_COMMIT
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access occurs, the given parameter is not a ResultSet constant indicating holdability, or the given holdability is not supported
Since:: 1.4
See Also:: getHoldability() , ResultSet

getHoldability


int getHoldability()
                   throws SQLException

Retrieves the current holdability of ResultSet objects created using this Connection object.

Returns:: the holdability, one of ResultSet.HOLD_CURSORS_OVER_COMMIT or ResultSet.CLOSE_CURSORS_AT_COMMIT
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access occurs
Since:: 1.4
See Also:: setHoldability(int) , ResultSet

setSavepoint


Savepoint setSavepoint()
                       throws SQLException

Creates an unnamed savepoint in the current transaction and returns the new Savepoint object that represents it.

if setSavepoint is invoked outside of an active transaction, a transaction will be started at this newly created savepoint.

Returns:: the new Savepoint object
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this Connection object is currently in auto-commit mode
Since:: 1.4
See Also:: Savepoint

setSavepoint


Savepoint setSavepoint(String name)
                       throws SQLException

Creates a savepoint with the given name in the current transaction and returns the new Savepoint object that represents it.

if setSavepoint is invoked outside of an active transaction, a transaction will be started at this newly created savepoint.

Parameters:: name - a String containing the name of the savepoint
Returns:: the new Savepoint object
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or this Connection object is currently in auto-commit mode
Since:: 1.4
See Also:: Savepoint

rollback


void rollback(Savepoint savepoint)
              throws SQLException

Undoes all changes made after the given Savepoint object was set.

This method should be used only when auto-commit has been disabled.

Parameters:: savepoint - the Savepoint object to roll back to
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs, the Savepoint object is no longer valid, or this Connection object is currently in auto-commit mode
Since:: 1.4
See Also:: Savepoint , rollback()

releaseSavepoint


void releaseSavepoint(Savepoint savepoint)
                      throws SQLException

Removes the

specified

~~given~~ Savepoint

and subsequent Savepoint objects

~~object~~ from the current transaction. Any reference to the savepoint after it have been removed will cause an SQLException to be thrown.

Parameters:: savepoint - the Savepoint object to be removed
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given Savepoint object is not a valid savepoint in the current transaction
Since:: 1.4

createStatement


Statement createStatement(int resultSetType,
                          int resultSetConcurrency,
                          int resultSetHoldability)
                          throws SQLException

Creates a Statement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type, concurrency, and holdability. This method is the same as the createStatement method above, but it allows the default result set type, concurrency, and holdability to be overridden.

Parameters:: resultSetType - one of the following ResultSet constants: ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, or ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE; resultSetConcurrency - one of the following ResultSet constants: ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY or ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE; resultSetHoldability - one of the following ResultSet constants: ResultSet.HOLD_CURSORS_OVER_COMMIT or ResultSet.CLOSE_CURSORS_AT_COMMIT
Returns:: a new Statement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type, concurrency, and holdability
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given parameters are not ResultSet constants indicating type, concurrency, and holdability
Since:: 1.4
See Also:: ResultSet

prepareStatement


PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql,
                                   int resultSetType,
                                   int resultSetConcurrency,
                                   int resultSetHoldability)
                                   throws SQLException

Creates a PreparedStatement object that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type, concurrency, and holdability.

This method is the same as the prepareStatement method above, but it allows the default result set type, concurrency, and holdability to be overridden.

Parameters:: sql - a String object that is the SQL statement to be sent to the database; may contain one or more ? IN parameters; resultSetType - one of the following ResultSet constants: ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, or ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE; resultSetConcurrency - one of the following ResultSet constants: ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY or ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE; resultSetHoldability - one of the following ResultSet constants: ResultSet.HOLD_CURSORS_OVER_COMMIT or ResultSet.CLOSE_CURSORS_AT_COMMIT
Returns:: a new PreparedStatement object, containing the pre-compiled SQL statement, that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type, concurrency, and holdability
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given parameters are not ResultSet constants indicating type, concurrency, and holdability
Since:: 1.4
See Also:: ResultSet

prepareCall


CallableStatement prepareCall(String sql,
                              int resultSetType,
                              int resultSetConcurrency,
                              int resultSetHoldability)
                              throws SQLException

Parameters:: sql - a String object that is the SQL statement to be sent to the database; may contain on or more ? parameters; resultSetType - one of the following ResultSet constants: ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, or ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE; resultSetConcurrency - one of the following ResultSet constants: ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY or ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE; resultSetHoldability - one of the following ResultSet constants: ResultSet.HOLD_CURSORS_OVER_COMMIT or ResultSet.CLOSE_CURSORS_AT_COMMIT
Returns:: a new CallableStatement object, containing the pre-compiled SQL statement, that will generate ResultSet objects with the given type, concurrency, and holdability
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given parameters are not ResultSet constants indicating type, concurrency, and holdability
Since:: 1.4
See Also:: ResultSet

prepareStatement


PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql,
                                   int autoGeneratedKeys)
                                   throws SQLException

Creates a default PreparedStatement object that has the capability to retrieve auto-generated keys. The given constant tells the driver whether it should make auto-generated keys available for retrieval. This parameter is ignored if the SQL statement is not an INSERT

statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

~~statement.~~

Result sets created using the returned PreparedStatement object will by default be type TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY and have a concurrency level of CONCUR_READ_ONLY.

Parameters:: sql - an SQL statement that may contain one or more '?' IN parameter placeholders; autoGeneratedKeys - a flag indicating whether auto-generated keys should be returned; one of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS or Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS
Returns:: a new PreparedStatement object, containing the pre-compiled SQL statement, that will have the capability of returning auto-generated keys
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the given parameter is not a Statement constant indicating whether auto-generated keys should be returned
Since:: 1.4

prepareStatement


PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql,
                                   int[] columnIndexes)
                                   throws SQLException

Creates a default PreparedStatement object capable of returning the auto-generated keys designated by the given array. This array contains the indexes of the columns in the target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made available.

The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

~~This array is ignored if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement.~~

An SQL statement with or without IN parameters can be pre-compiled and stored in a PreparedStatement object. This object can then be used to efficiently execute this statement multiple times.

Result sets created using the returned PreparedStatement object will by default be type TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY and have a concurrency level of CONCUR_READ_ONLY.

Parameters:: sql - an SQL statement that may contain one or more '?' IN parameter placeholders; columnIndexes - an array of column indexes indicating the columns that should be returned from the inserted row or rows
Returns:: a new PreparedStatement object, containing the pre-compiled statement, that is capable of returning the auto-generated keys designated by the given array of column indexes
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs
Since:: 1.4

prepareStatement


PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String sql,
                                   String[] columnNames)
                                   throws SQLException

Creates a default PreparedStatement object capable of returning the auto-generated keys designated by the given array. This array contains the names of the columns in the target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be returned.

The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

~~This array is ignored if the SQL statement is not an INSERT statement.~~

An SQL statement with or without IN parameters can be pre-compiled and stored in a PreparedStatement object. This object can then be used to efficiently execute this statement multiple times.

Result sets created using the returned PreparedStatement object will by default be type TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY and have a concurrency level of CONCUR_READ_ONLY.

Parameters:: sql - an SQL statement that may contain one or more '?' IN parameter placeholders; columnNames - an array of column names indicating the columns that should be returned from the inserted row or rows
Returns:: a new PreparedStatement object, containing the pre-compiled statement, that is capable of returning the auto-generated keys designated by the given array of column names
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs
Since:: 1.4

createClob

 
 ClobcreateClob ()
 throws SQLException

Constructs an object that implements the Clob interface. The object returned initially contains no data. The setAsciiStream, setCharacterStream and setString methods of the Clob interface may be used to add data to the Clob.

Returns:: An object that implements the Clob interface
Throws:: SQLException - if an object that implements the Clob interface can not be constructed.
Since:: 1.6

createBlob

 
 BlobcreateBlob ()
 throws SQLException

Constructs an object that implements the Blob interface. The object returned initially contains no data. The setBinaryStream and setBytes methods of the Blob interface may be used to add data to the Blob.

Returns:: An object that implements the Blob interface
Throws:: SQLException - if an object that implements the Blob interface can not be constructed
Since:: 1.6

createNClob

 
 NClobcreateNClob ()
 throws SQLException

Constructs an object that implements the NClob interface. The object returned initially contains no data. The setAsciiStream, setCharacterStream and setString methods of the NClob interface may be used to add data to the NClob.

Returns:: An object that implements the NClob interface
Throws:: SQLException - if an object that implements the NClob interface can not be constructed.
Since:: 1.6

createSQLXML

 
 SQLXMLcreateSQLXML ()
 throws SQLException

Constructs an object that implements the SQLXML interface. The object returned initially contains no data. The createXmlStreamWriter object and setString method of the SQLXML interface may be used to add data to the SQLXML object.

Returns:: An object that implements the SQLXML interface
Throws:: SQLException - if an object that implements the SQLXML interface can not be constructed
Since:: 1.6

isValid


 
boolean isValid (int timeout)
 throws SQLException

Returns true if the connection has not been closed and is still valid. The driver shall submit a query on the connection or use some other mechanism that positively verifies the connection is still valid when this method is called.

The query submitted by the driver to validate the connection shall be executed in the context of the current transaction.

Parameters:: timeout - - The time in seconds to wait for the database operation used to validate the connection to complete. If the timeout period expires before the operation completes, this method returns false. A value of 0 indicates a timeout is not applied to the database operation.
Returns:: true if the connection is valid, false otherwise
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs.
Since:: 1.6
See Also:: DatabaseMetaData.getClientInfoProperties()

setClientInfo


 
void setClientInfo ( String name,
 String value)
 throws SQLException

Sets the value of the client info property specified by name to the value specified by value.

Applications may use the DatabaseMetaData.getClientInfoProperties method to determine the client info properties supported by the driver and the maximum length that may be specified for each property.

The driver stores the value specified in a suitable location in the database. For example in a special register, session parameter, or system table column. For efficiency the driver may defer setting the value in the database until the next time a statement is executed or prepared. Other than storing the client information in the appropriate place in the database, these methods shall not alter the behavior of the connection in anyway. The values supplied to these methods are used for accounting, diagnostics and debugging purposes only.

The driver shall generate a warning if the client info name specified is not recognized by the driver.

If the value specified to this method is greater than the maximum length for the property the driver may either truncate the value and generate a warning or generate a SQLException. If the driver generates a SQLException, the value specified was not set on the connection.

The following are standard client info properties. Drivers are not required to support these properties however if the driver supports a client info property that can be described by one of the standard properties, the standard property name should be used.

ApplicationName - The name of the application currently utilizing the connection
ClientUser - The name of the user that the application using the connection is performing work for. This may not be the same as the user name that was used in establishing the connection.
ClientHostname - The hostname of the computer the application using the connection is running on.

Parameters:: name - The name of the client info property to set; value - The value to set the client info property to. If the value is null, the current value of the specified property is cleared.
Throws:: SQLException - if the database server returns an error while setting the client info value on the database server.
Since:: 6.0

setClientInfo


 
void setClientInfo ( Properties properties)
 throws ClientInfoException

Sets the value of the connection's client info properties. The Properties object contains the names and values of the client info properties to be set. The set of client info properties contained in the properties list replaces the current set of client info properties on the connection. If a property that is currently set on the connection is not present in the properties list, that property is cleared. Specifying an empty properties list will clear all of the properties on the connection. See setClientInfo (String, String) for more information.

If an error occurs in setting any of the client info properties, a ClientInfoException is thrown. The ClientInfoException contains information indicating which client info properties were not set. The state of the client information is unknown because some databases do not allow multiple client info properties to be set atomically. For those databases, one or more properties may have been set before the error occurred.

Parameters:: properties - the list of client info properties to set
Throws:: ClientInfoException - if the database server returns an error while setting the clientInfo values on the database server
Since:: 1.6
See Also:: setClientInfo(String, String)

getClientInfo

 
 StringgetClientInfo ( String name)
 throws SQLException

Returns the value of the client info property specified by name. This method may return null if the specified client info property has not been set and does not have a default value. This method will also return null if the specified client info property name is not supported by the driver.

Applications may use the DatabaseMetaData.getClientInfoProperties method to determine the client info properties supported by the driver.

Parameters:: name - The name of the client info property to retrieve
Returns:: The value of the client info property specified
Throws:: SQLException - if the database server returns an error when fetching the client info value from the database.
Since:: 1.6
See Also:: DatabaseMetaData.getClientInfoProperties()

getClientInfo

 
 PropertiesgetClientInfo ()
 throws SQLException

Returns a list containing the name and current value of each client info property supported by the driver. The value of a client info property may be null if the property has not been set and does not have a default value.

Returns:: A Properties object that contains the name and current value of each of the client info properties supported by the driver.
Throws:: SQLException - if the database server returns an error when fetching the client info values from the database
Since:: 1.6

createQueryObject


 
<T> T createQueryObject ( Class<T> ifc)
 throws SQLException

Creates a concrete implementation of a Query interface using the JDBC drivers QueryObjectGenerator implementation. If the JDBC driver does not provide its own QueryObjectGenerator, the QueryObjectGenerator provided with J2SE will be used.

Parameters:: ifc - The Query interface that will be created
Returns:: A concrete implementation of a Query interface
Throws:: SQLException - if a database access error occurs.
Since:: 1.6

java.sql Interface Connection

TRANSACTION_NONE

TRANSACTION_READ_UNCOMMITTED

TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED

TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ

TRANSACTION_SERIALIZABLE

createStatement

prepareStatement

prepareCall

nativeSQL

setAutoCommit

getAutoCommit

commit

rollback

close

isClosed

getMetaData

setReadOnly

isReadOnly

setCatalog

getCatalog

setTransactionIsolation

getTransactionIsolation

getWarnings

clearWarnings

createStatement

prepareStatement

prepareCall

getTypeMap

setTypeMap

setHoldability

getHoldability

setSavepoint

setSavepoint

rollback

releaseSavepoint

createStatement

prepareStatement

prepareCall

prepareStatement

prepareStatement

prepareStatement

createClob

createBlob

createNClob

createSQLXML

isValid

setClientInfo

setClientInfo

getClientInfo

getClientInfo

createQueryObject

java.sql
Interface Connection