MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual Including MySQL NDB Cluster 8.0
CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS]db_name
[create_specification
] ...create_specification
: [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=]charset_name
| [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=]collation_name
| DEFAULT ENCRYPTION [=] {'Y' | 'N'}
CREATE DATABASE
creates a database
with the given name. To use this statement, you need the
CREATE
privilege for the database.
CREATE
SCHEMA
is a synonym for CREATE
DATABASE
.
An error occurs if the database exists and you did not specify
IF NOT EXISTS
.
CREATE DATABASE
is not permitted
within a session that has an active LOCK
TABLES
statement.
create_specification
options specify
database characteristics. Database characteristics are stored in
the data dictionary.
The CHARACTER SET
clause specifies the
default database character set. The COLLATE
clause specifies the default database collation.
Chapter 10, Character Sets, Collations, Unicode, discusses character set and
collation names.
The DEFAULT ENCRYPTION
clause, introduced
in MySQL 8.0.16, defines the default database encryption,
which is inherited by tables created in the database. If the
DEFAULT ENCRYPTION
clause is not specified,
the default_table_encryption
setting defines the default database encryption. If the
table_encryption_privilege_check
variable is enabled, the
TABLE_ENCRYPTION_ADMIN
privilege is required to specify a default encryption setting
that differs from the
default_table_encryption
setting. For more information, see
Defining an Encryption Default for Schemas and General Tablespaces.
A database in MySQL is implemented as a directory containing files
that correspond to tables in the database. Because there are no
tables in a database when it is initially created, the
CREATE DATABASE
statement creates
only a directory under the MySQL data directory. Rules for
permissible database names are given in
Section 9.2, “Schema Object Names”. If a database name contains special
characters, the name for the database directory contains encoded
versions of those characters as described in
Section 9.2.4, “Mapping of Identifiers to File Names”.
Creating a database directory by manually creating a directory under the data directory (for example, with mkdir) is unsupported in MySQL 8.0.
MySQL has no limit on the number of databases. The underlying file system may have a limit on the number of directories.
You can also use the mysqladmin program to create databases. See Section 4.5.2, “mysqladmin — Client for Administering a MySQL Server”.