MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual Including MySQL NDB Cluster 8.0
This section covers the steps necessary to install the correct executables for each type of Cluster node from precompiled binaries supplied by Oracle.
For setting up a cluster using precompiled binaries, the first
step in the installation process for each cluster host is to
download the binary archive from the
NDB Cluster downloads
page. (For the most recent 64-bit NDB 8.0 release, this
is
mysql-cluster-gpl-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
.)
We assume that you have placed this file in each machine's
/var/tmp
directory.
If you require a custom binary, see Section 2.8.5, “Installing MySQL Using a Development Source Tree”.
After completing the installation, do not yet start any of the binaries. We show you how to do so following the configuration of the nodes (see Section 25.3.3, “Initial Configuration of NDB Cluster”).
SQL nodes.
On each of the machines designated to host SQL nodes, perform
the following steps as the system root
user:
Check your /etc/passwd
and
/etc/group
files (or use whatever tools
are provided by your operating system for managing users and
groups) to see whether there is already a
mysql
group and mysql
user on the system. Some OS distributions create these as
part of the operating system installation process. If they
are not already present, create a new
mysql
user group, and then add a
mysql
user to this group:
$>groupadd mysql
$>useradd -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
The syntax for useradd and groupadd may differ slightly on different versions of Unix, or they may have different names such as adduser and addgroup.
Change location to the directory containing the downloaded
file, unpack the archive, and create a symbolic link named
mysql
to the mysql
directory.
The actual file and directory names vary according to the NDB Cluster version number.
$>cd /var/tmp
$>tar -C /usr/local -xzvf mysql-cluster-gpl-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
$>ln -s /usr/local/mysql-cluster-gpl-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
Change location to the mysql
directory
and set up the system databases using
mysqld
--initialize
as shown here:
$>cd mysql
$>mysqld --initialize
This generates a random password for the MySQL
root
account. If you do
not want the random password to be
generated, you can substitute the
--initialize-insecure
option
for --initialize
. In either case, you
should review
Section 2.9.1, “Initializing the Data Directory”, for
additional information before performing this step. See also
Section 6.4.2, “mysql_secure_installation — Improve MySQL Installation Security”.
Set the necessary permissions for the MySQL server and data directories:
$>chown -R root .
$>chown -R mysql data
$>chgrp -R mysql .
Copy the MySQL startup script to the appropriate directory, make it executable, and set it to start when the operating system is booted up:
$>cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/
$>chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server
$>chkconfig --add mysql.server
(The startup scripts directory may vary depending on your
operating system and version—for example, in some
Linux distributions, it is
/etc/init.d
.)
Here we use Red Hat's chkconfig for creating links to the startup scripts; use whatever means is appropriate for this purpose on your platform, such as update-rc.d on Debian.
Remember that the preceding steps must be repeated on each machine where an SQL node is to reside.
Data nodes.
Installation of the data nodes does not require the
mysqld binary. Only the NDB Cluster data
node executable ndbd (single-threaded) or
ndbmtd (multithreaded) is required. These
binaries can also be found in the .tar.gz
archive. Again, we assume that you have placed this archive in
/var/tmp
.
As system root
(that is, after using
sudo, su root, or your
system's equivalent for temporarily assuming the system
administrator account's privileges), perform the following steps
to install the data node binaries on the data node hosts:
Change location to the /var/tmp
directory, and extract the ndbd and
ndbmtd binaries from the archive into a
suitable directory such as
/usr/local/bin
:
$>cd /var/tmp
$>tar -zxvf mysql-cluster-gpl-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
$>cd mysql-cluster-gpl-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
$>cp bin/ndbd /usr/local/bin/ndbd
$>cp bin/ndbmtd /usr/local/bin/ndbmtd
(You can safely delete the directory created by unpacking
the downloaded archive, and the files it contains, from
/var/tmp
once
ndb_mgm and ndb_mgmd
have been copied to the executables directory.)
Change location to the directory into which you copied the files, and then make both of them executable:
$>cd /usr/local/bin
$>chmod +x ndb*
The preceding steps should be repeated on each data node host.
Although only one of the data node executables is required to run an NDB Cluster data node, we have shown you how to install both ndbd and ndbmtd in the preceding instructions. We recommend that you do this when installing or upgrading NDB Cluster, even if you plan to use only one of them, since this saves time and trouble in the event that you later decide to change from one to the other.
The data directory on each machine hosting a data node is
/usr/local/mysql/data
. This piece of
information is essential when configuring the management node.
(See Section 25.3.3, “Initial Configuration of NDB Cluster”.)
Management nodes.
Installation of the management node does not require the
mysqld binary. Only the NDB Cluster
management server (ndb_mgmd) is required;
you most likely want to install the management client
(ndb_mgm) as well. Both of these binaries
also be found in the .tar.gz
archive.
Again, we assume that you have placed this archive in
/var/tmp
.
As system root
, perform the following steps
to install ndb_mgmd and
ndb_mgm on the management node host:
Change location to the /var/tmp
directory, and extract the ndb_mgm and
ndb_mgmd from the archive into a suitable
directory such as /usr/local/bin
:
$>cd /var/tmp
$>tar -zxvf mysql-cluster-gpl-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
$>cd mysql-cluster-gpl-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
$>cp bin/ndb_mgm* /usr/local/bin
(You can safely delete the directory created by unpacking
the downloaded archive, and the files it contains, from
/var/tmp
once
ndb_mgm and ndb_mgmd
have been copied to the executables directory.)
Change location to the directory into which you copied the files, and then make both of them executable:
$>cd /usr/local/bin
$>chmod +x ndb_mgm*
In Section 25.3.3, “Initial Configuration of NDB Cluster”, we create configuration files for all of the nodes in our example NDB Cluster.