Chapter 3 PAD Commands

This chapter describes the commands that are available when you are using the pad program. "Making Calls" describes the commands you need to use to establish, manage and close PAD calls. "Displaying Information" describes the commands you use to set PAD parameters for the duration of a call. You should only use the commands described in this section if you have been told you need to change the PAD parameters, as in most cases the defaults are suitable. You should not need to change the PAD parameters to make calls to hosts in the PAD Hosts Database.

You need to be in command mode to use the commands described in this chapter.

To start the pad program in command mode, enter:

localhost% /opt/SUNWconn/bin/pad

The system displays the PAD: prompt:

PAD:

This tells you that you are in command mode.

To switch from call mode to command mode, enter the Break-in sequence that was displayed when you made the call. In the example, this is <Ctrl-p>a:

remotehost% <Ctrl-p>a
PAD: native

Getting Help

To display a summary of the available commands, enter help or a question mark (?) at the PAD: prompt. The display looks like this:

     PAD: help
BREAK                (or B)        - send break signal to the host
BREAKACTION [n]      (or BRA)      - set breakaction
BREAKIN                            - set PAD recall character
CALL host            (or C)        - set up a connection to the named host
CLEAR                (or CLR)      - close the current connection
ECHO [on|off]        (or E)        - enable/disable terminal echo
EMASK [kk]           (or EM)       - set terminal echo mask to kk
FLOW [on|off]        (or F)        - enable/disable terminal flow control
FORWARD [n]          (or FOR)      - set data forwarding conditions
HELP                 (or ?)        - display help information
HOSTS                (or H)        - list all the hosts available
INT                                - transmit an interrupt packet
LFINSERT [n]         (or LF)       - set linefeed insertion action
LOGHOST [on|off]     (or LOG)      -- display incoming X.29 messages
MESSAGE              (or MES)      - enable Message mode of operation
NATIVE               (or NAT)      - enable Native mode of operation
PAGEWAIT [n]         (or PW)       - set page wait to n lines
PARAM                (or PAR)      - display current X.3 parameters
PAR?                               - request current values of specified params
PRINTER              (or PRT)      - define terminal as hardcopy device
PROFILE [p]          (or PROF)     - sets terminal profile
QUIT                 (or Q)        - exit the PAD session
RESET                (or RST)      - reset the current call
RPAR?                              - display remote parameters
RSET?                              - set remote parameters
SET                                - set specified parameters to given values
SET? list                          - set & read specified params to given values
STATUS [all]         (or STAT)     - displays the status of the connection
TRANSPARENT          (or TRA)      - enable Transparent mode of operation
VDU                                - define terminal as display device
WIDTH [n]            (or WID)      - set terminal width to be n characters
PAD: 

Making Calls

Remote Host Call Commands

This section describes the commands you use when making calls to a remote host. They are listed in alphabetical order.

break

The break command sends a break signal to the remote host. The effect of the break signal depends on the setting you make using breakaction. By default it sends an interrupt signal and an indication of break to the remote host.

call

The call command makes a call to a remote host. You must enter it followed by at least one parameter--the name or address of the host you want to call. You can also enter other parameters to specify extended addressing and facilities.

The available parameters are:

hostname/alias

This is the hostname or alias configured for this destination by your System Administrator in the PAD Hosts Database. If this is the only parameter you enter, the pad program uses the parameters set in the PAD Hosts Database.

address

If you are making a call across a Packet-Switching Data Network, you must enter the remote host's X.121 address. This is almost certainly a DTE address and can be up to 15 decimal digits long.

If you are making a call to a host on the same LAN as you, you must enter its LSAP address. This is 14 decimal digits long and is made up of the host's 12 digit MAC address, followed by a 2 digit SAP address. The default SAP address for X.25 systems is 7e. For example, if the remote host's MAC address was 080020092186, its LSAP address would be 0800200921867e.

address extensions

You can specify additional components to a numeric address. Each must be preceded by an identifier to tell the software what kind of extension this is. The available components and identifiers are:

facilities

You can use this parameter to override the facilities set by the System Administrator in the PAD Hosts Database, or to set facilities for a call to a host that is not in the PAD Hosts Database. The facilities you can set are:

• incoming and outgoing packet sizes--syntax: pnumber/number

• incoming and outgoing window sizes--syntax: wnumber/number

• fast select--syntax f

• reverse charge--syntax r

To specify a packet size, use powers of two, for example p7/7 means 2 to the power of 7, that is 128 for incoming and outgoing packets. The example below shows setting packet sizes to 256, window sizes to 2, using fast select and reverse charging:

PAD: call address p8/8w2/2fr

Closed User Group

If the host you are calling is a member of a Closed User Group, enter its CUG number. If it is a multi-user CUG, precede the number with a G. If it is a bilateral CUG, precede it with a B.

Network User Identifier

If the remote host is attached to a PSDN that requires you to provide an NUI for security reasons, enter it, preceded by an N.

Recognized Private Operating Agency

You can enter a 4-digit RPOA number to provide additional routing information, if this is relevant to your network. To enter multiple ROPA numbers, enter them as a single string of digits.

clear

The clear command closes the current connection to the host. Some hosts automatically close the connection for you when you log out. In this case you do not need to use the clear command.

hosts

The hosts command displays a list of the hosts in the PAD Hosts Database. These are the hosts you can call by name.

int

The int command sends an interrupt packet to the remote host.

loghost

The loghost command displays the incoming and outgoing X.29 messages between the pad program and the remote host on the screen. You may be asked to use the loghost command and report the output if you contact your support organization with a question.

The loghost display looks like this:

PAD: loghost on
PAD: call host1
Break-in sequence is '^Pa'

Connecting...
Connected
X29 RX 2 :  03 7E 04 00 07 00 0A 50 0D 04 0F 01 10 7F 11 18
X29 RX 4
X29 TX 0 :  01 01 02 01 03 7E 04 00 05 00 06 01 07 00 08 00 09 00 0A
50 0B 0E 0C 01 0D 04 0E 00 0F 01 10 7F 11 18 12 12
Solstice X.29 Terminal Service
login: user1
X29 RX 2 :  01 01 02 00 03 7E 04 00 05 00 06 01 07 05 08 00 09 00 0A
50 0C 01 0D 00 0E 00 0F 01 10 7F 11 15 12 12
X29 TX 4
Password: X29 RX 2 :  02 01 02 01 03 7E 04 00 05 00 05 01 07 05 08
00 09 00 0A 50 0C 01 0D 0E 04 00 0F 01 10 71 11 1f 12 12
X29 TX 46

remotehost%

quit

The quit command closes the connection to the remote host, exits the pad program and returns you to your local system prompt.

reset

The reset command sends a Reset Request to the currently connected host.

status

The status command tells you whether you are currently in Call or Command Mode and gives the name of the remote host you are connected to.

status all also tells you which parameters apply to this call:

PAD: status all

Break-in sequence is '^Pa'

Echo = ON, Echomask = 192, Flow = ON, Lfinsert = 4, Breakaction = 5
Pagewait = 0, Width = 80, Forward = 126, Timeout = 0, Message Mode
Profile = V5, Vdu, Loghost = ON

Call Status: Call Connected
Host     hostname
PAD: 

width

The width command lets you specify the width, in columns of the terminal or window you are using for this call. The valid range is 20 - 255. The default width is 80. If you enter width without a parameter, the current setting is displayed.

Displaying Information

Local and Remote Configuration

The commands in this section display information about the local and remote configuration.

par

To display a single, or group, of local parameters values, enter par? followed by the relevant parameter number(s), like this:

PAD: par? 3
PAR 3:126
PAD: 

param

To display the current X.3 parameters used by the local machine in numerical format, enter param. The output looks like this:

PAD: param
1:1, 2:1, 3:126, 4:0, 5:0, 6:1, 7:5, 8:0, 9:0, 10:80, 11:14, 12:1,
13:4, 14:0, 15:1, 16:127, 17:21, 18:18
PAD:

rpar?

To display the current X.3 parameters used by the remote machine in numerical format, enter rpar?. The output looks like this:

PAD: rpar?
1:1, 2:1, 3:126, 4:0, 5:0, 6:1, 7:5, 8:0, 9:0, 10:80, 11:14, 12:1,
13:4, 14:0, 15:1, 16:127, 17:21, 18:18
PAD:

To display a single, or group of remote parameter values, enter rpar? followed by the relevant parameter number(s), like this:

PAD: rpar? 4,7
PAR 4:0, 7:5
PAD: 

status

To display local parameter values verbosely, enter status all:

PAD: status all

Break-in sequence is '^Pa'

Echo = ON, Echomask = 192, Flow = ON, Lfinsert = 4, Breakaction = 5
Pagewait = 0, Width = 80, Forward = 126, Timeout = 0, Message Mode
Profile = V5, Vdu, Loghost = ON

Call Status: Call Connected
Host			hostname
PAD: 

Setting Parameters

You may occasionally need to set some of the PAD X.3 parameters for a particular call.

The Solstice X.25 pad program provides two methods of changing the X.3 parameters.

• Using the set command specifies the parameter number together with the numeric value representing the parameter setting you want. Use set if your network provider sends you information in this format.

• Using the remaining commands to set parameters.

Using a Profile

profile

Solstice X.25 pad program is delivered with a set of pre-defined profiles, that set suitable X.3 parameters for a variety of networks. Check with your System Administrator to find out whether there is a profile for your network. To use a profile, enter profile, followed by the name of the profile you want.

Setting Parameters Numerically

Some network providers supply information about which parameters to set to which values numerically. For example, you might be told to set parameter 3 to 126.

set

Use the set command to set local values like this. Specify the parameter number, followed by a colon and the parameter setting. To set multiple parameters, separate them with commas or spaces. For example:

PAD: set 2:1, 10:7, 13:4

rset?

Set remote parameters in the same way, using rset?. For example:

PAD: rset? 2:1, 10:7, 13:4

Setting Parameters using Commands

The commands in this section all let you set local X.3 parameter values. They are listed in alphabetical order, and the X.3 parameter number for each one is given.

breakaction

The breakaction command sets X.3 parameter 7.

This decides what action is taken when you use the break command. Possible values are:

Entering breakaction with no argument displays the current setting.

echo

The echo command sets X.3 parameter 2.

Use echo to turn the pad program's echoing on or off. By default, echoing is on. This means that as well as processing characters it receives, the pad program echoes them back to the terminal.

emask

The emask command sets X.3 parameter 20.

It lets you decide which characters are not echoed to the screen. Possible values are:

To set more than one value, add them together. For example the default value is 192, which means 128 plus 64.

flow

The flow command sets X.3 parameter 5.

It enables or disables local flow control processing of XON and XOFF characters. Switching flow control on, using flow on, lets you use Ctrl-s to halt terminal output and Ctrl-q to restart it. If you are using an application that needs to use these control characters for other purposes, for example an EMACS-type editor, turn flow control off. By default, flow control is on.

Entering flow without a parameter displays the current setting.

forward

The forward command sets X.3 parameter 3.

forward allows you to select the character sequence you want to use to tell the pad program that it has received a complete character sequence that it should assemble and forward.

Possible values are:

To enter a combination of values, add them together, for example, the default value is 48, that is 16 plus 32.

If you do not specify a value, forward displays the current setting.

linefeed

The linefeed command sets X.3 parameter 13.

This determines whether the PAD will set a Line Feed character when transferring data. Possible values are:

The linefeed setting has no effect in native mode, unless echoing is on. In this case, setting 4 is valid.

In transparent mode, setting 1 has no effect.

To use more than one value, add them together. For example the default value is 6, 2 plus 4.

Entering linefeed without a value displays the current setting.

message

The message command sets X.3 parameters 2, 4, 10 and 15.

The effect of this is that the pad program echoes the characters you type and handles line-editing. This is the most appropriate type of echoing to use when you are using the operating system functions of the remote host. Using the pad to handle echoing and line-editing minimizes the burden placed on the network and the remote host.

Enter message without a parameter to change to message mode.

native

The native command sets X.3 parameters 2, 4, 10 and 15.

The effect of this is that the remote host echoes the characters you type and handles line-editing. This is the appropriate mode to use for many screen-oriented applications. Using native mode places a high burden on both the network and remote host.

Enter native without a parameter to change to native mode.

pagewait

The pagewait command sets X.3 parameter 22.

pagewait tells the display to pause after the number of lines you specify. The default value is 0, meaning that the display does not pause.

Enter pagewait without a value to display the current setting.

printer

The printer command sets X.3 parameter 19.

printer notifies the pad program that you are using a hardcopy terminal.

transparent

The transparent command sets X.3 parameters 2, 4, 10 and 15.

The effect of setting transparent mode is that the pad echoes the characters you type, but does not format them.

vdu

The vdu command sets X.3 parameter 19.

vdu notifies the pad program that you are using a video terminal.