C H A P T E R 2 |
This chapter describes how to use the hd utility, also known as hdtool, on the Solaris OS. The hd utility is a hard disk drive mapping tool used to determine the logical-to-physical device mapping on Sun Fire X4500 and X4540 servers.
This chapter includes the following sections:
For additional commands, see the following man pages for additional commands: format(1M), cfgadm(1M), devfsadm(1M), and fdisk(1M).
You can install the utility from the Tools and Drivers CD, if available. The hd utility is also available on the server product download page and resides in the Tools and Drivers CD in the /solaris/tools/hdtool/ directory
You can install the utility from the Tools and Drivers CD, if available, or from your product Tools and Drivers CD image, downloadable from the product web page.
Note - On the Sun Fire X4500/X4540 servers, the hd utility is included in the SUNWhd package preinstalled in /opt/SUNWhd/hd/bin/hd. |
where x.xx is the version number of SUNWhd.
To remove the SUNWhd package, type:
Once you have downloaded hd, from a command line, go to its directory:
You can find more information on the hd utility in the HTML man pages at:
You use the utility to get a logical-to-physical mapping of the devices. This mapping can help you to administer the system, manage the hard drives, and troubleshoot the server.
The hd utility output enables you to locate all the drives visually based on the physical topology of the drives by providing a color-coded hard drive location map. The hd utility provides the following functions:
The hd utility maps the disk drives then produces output that can also help you to identify empty slots and drives that have not been enumerated. FIGURE 2-1 displays a map of the Sun Fire X4500 server and the 48 internal SATA disk drives it supports.
The Sun Fire X4500 server comes with six controllers, each supporting up to eight SATA drives, for a total of 48 SATA drives. Before you reinstall the Solaris OS, you need to determine the logical device name that corresponds to the two bootable drives, which is in the form:
cX is the controller (or interface) number, such as c0, c2, c4, and so on. Controller numbers are logically assigned in sequential order.
tY is the target ID of the device, such as t0, t1, t2, and so on up to 7.
dZ is the device number (also known as the logical unit number (LUN). It reflects the actual address of the device unit. Z is zero (0) for Solaris 10 11/06 OS.
sW is the slice number that represents a slice of a drive. Valid numbers are 0 to 7.
To determine the bootable drive, use the command cfgadm. The cfgadm command provides configuration administration operations on dynamically reconfigurable hardware resources. For more information on this command, see the man page.
The hd utility works with Solaris disk maintenance and configuration administration commands like format and cfgadm. The hd output can also help you with identifying empty slots and drives that have not been recognized by the Solaris operating system.
The utility probes and displays all of the available drives in the system with their logical device name. Here is sample output from the hd utility for the Sun Fire X4500 server:
------------------------Sun Fire X4500 Server--------Rear----------- 36: 37: 38: 39: 40: 41: 42: 43: 44: 45: 46: 47: c5t3 c5t7 c4t3 c4t7 c7t3 c7t7 c6t3 c6t7 c1t3 c1t7 c0t3 c0t7 ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ 24: 25: 26: 27: 28: 29: 30: 31: 32: 33: 34: 35: c5t2 c5t6 c4t2 c4t6 c7t2 c7t6 c6t2 c6t6 c1t2 c1t6 c0t2 c0t6 ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: 17: 18: 19: 20: 21: 22: 23: c5t1 c5t5 c4t1 c4t5 c7t1 c7t5 c6t1 c6t5 c1t1 c1t5 c0t1 c0t5 ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ 0: 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11: c5t0 c5t4 c4t0 c4t4 c7t0 c7t4 c6t0 c6t4 c1t0 c1t4 c0t0 c0t4 ^b+ ^b+ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ -------*-----------*----Sun Fire X4500 Server----*---Front-----*---- |
Note - The order of controllers in this display can change if you have a different software revision or if you have different devices in the system. |
The following command displays the disk controller number and the corresponding PCI device nodes. This is useful in determining the HBA controller number based on the PCI device node from syslog messages.
Here is sample output from the hd utility for the Sun Fire X4540 server. It includes a list of drives, vendor, and the temperature and is followed by a mapping table.
% hd platform = Sun Fire X4540 Device Serial Vendor Model Rev Temperature ------ ------ ------ ----- ---- ----------- c0t0d0p0 VN67ZBHK76DF ATA HITACHI HDS7250S AJ0A 31 C (87 F) c0t1d0p0 E400P6G1A78E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c0t2d0p0 E400P6G1DHYE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c0t3d0p0 F400P6G2ME3F ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 35 C (95 F) c0t4d0p0 E400P6G1DG6E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 30 C (86 F) c0t5d0p0 VN67ZBHK16RF ATA HITACHI HDS7250S AJ0A 33 C (91 F) c0t6d0p0 E400P6G1DEXE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c0t7d0p0 F400P6G2MEXF ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 34 C (93 F) c1t0d0p0 F400P6G2MM1F ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 29 C (84 F) c1t1d0p0 E400P6G1A4GE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c1t2d0p0 F400P6G2MD7F ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c1t3d0p0 F400P6G2993F ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 34 C (93 F) c1t4d0p0 E400P6G1DMHE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 30 C (86 F) c1t5d0p0 E400P6G1D33E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c1t6d0p0 F400P6G2MH6F ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c1t7d0p0 E400P6G184NE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 34 C (93 F) c2t0d0p0 E400P6G1DHGE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 30 C (86 F) c2t1d0p0 E400P6G1BVNE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 31 C (87 F) c2t2d0p0 E400P6G1DHAE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c2t3d0p0 E400P6G1DKZE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c2t4d0p0 E400P6G1DEYE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 30 C (86 F) c2t5d0p0 F400P6G2K8RF ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 31 C (87 F) c2t6d0p0 F400P6G28TEF ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c2t7d0p0 E400P6G1D90E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 34 C (93 F) c3t0d0p0 F400P6G29SAF ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 30 C (86 F) c3t1d0p0 E400P6G1A94E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c3t2d0p0 E400P6G1DHPE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c3t3d0p0 E400P6G18L3E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 34 C (93 F) c3t4d0p0 E400P6G1D9SE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 30 C (86 F) c3t5d0p0 F400P6G2ME0F ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c3t6d0p0 F400P6G2G6WF ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c3t7d0p0 E400P6G18E6E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c4t0d0p0 E400P6G1DM2E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 30 C (86 F) c4t1d0p0 F400P6G2DY0F ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 31 C (87 F) c4t2d0p0 F400P6G2MEBF ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c4t3d0p0 E400P6G1ABEE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c4t4d0p0 5SF00Q3F ATA SEAGATE ST32502N SU09 27 C (80 F) c4t5d0p0 E400P6G1DDGE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 31 C (87 F) c4t6d0p0 F400P6G2MG7F ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c4t7d0p0 E400P6G1B96E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 34 C (93 F) c5t0d0p0 9QM0FPG3 ATA SEAGATE ST35002N SU09 26 C (78 F) c5t1d0p0 E400P6G1D9TE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c5t2d0p0 F400P6G2KAJF ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c5t3d0p0 E400P6G1DDXE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 34 C (93 F) c5t4d0p0 5QK0485C ATA SEAGATE ST37502N SU09 28 C (82 F) c5t5d0p0 E400P6G1DHME ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 32 C (89 F) c5t6d0p0 E400P6G1DGEE ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 33 C (91 F) c5t7d0p0 E400P6G1AB1E ATA HITACHI HUA7250S A90A 34 C (93 F) |
hd utility makes a distinction between controllers, slots, and storage devices that are physically present in the machine and visible to Solaris.
The hd command provides configuration and status information about the server’s drives and has several options. Some of the options include displaying color mode (-c), summary (-s), diagnose (-d), identifying platform type (-p), and obtaining configuration and status help messages (-h).
For more information and options, refer to the hd man page.
Use the hd command to determine the status of a drive by mapping the drive location. For the command options, enter the following:
TABLE 2-1 lists the hd options.
The following hd commands enable you to view information on the systems hard drives.
The following command starts the utility in color mode and summarizes all the storage devices in the system.
Here is an example of output listing a summary of all disks:
platform = Sun Fire X4500 Server Device Serial Vendor Model Rev Temperature ------ ------ ------ ----- --- ----------- c0t0d0s2 K41BT4C7M6PS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) c0t4d0s2 K41BT4C7N4HS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 32 C (89 F) c1t0d0s2 K41BT4C7MTSS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 30 C (86 F) c1t4d0s2 K41BT4C7NXHS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 32 C (89 F) c2t0d0s2 AMI Virtual CDROM 1.00 None c3t0d0s2 AMI Virtual Floppy 1.00 None c4t0d0s2 TEAC DV-W516GA C4S2 None c5t0d0s2 K41BT4C7NVYS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 34 C (93 F) c5t4d0s2 K41BT4C7MP2S HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 33 C (91 F) c6t0d0s2 K41BT4C7P2BS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 31 C (87 F) c6t4d0s2 K41BT4C7NG1S HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 34 C (93 F) c7t0d0s2 K41BT4C7N54S HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) c7t4d0s2 K41BT4C7NVES HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 33 C (91 F) c8t0d0s2 K41BT4C7MKRS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) c8t4d0s2 K41BT4C7N49S HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 35 C (95 F) ------------------------Sun Fire X4500 Server--------Rear----------- 36: 37: 38: 39: 40: 41: 42: 43: 44: 45: 46: 47: c6t3 c6t7 c5t3 c5t7 c8t3 c8t7 c7t3 c7t7 c1t3 c1t7 c0t3 c0t7 ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- 24: 25: 26: 27: 28: 29: 30: 31: 32: 33: 34: 35: c6t2 c6t6 c5t2 c5t6 c8t2 c8t6 c7t2 c7t6 c1t2 c1t6 c0t2 c0t6 ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: 17: 18: 19: 20: 21: 22: 23: c6t1 c6t5 c5t1 c5t5 c8t1 c8t5 c7t1 c7t5 c1t1 c1t5 c0t1 c0t5 ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- 0: 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11: c6t0 c6t4 c5t0 c5t4 c8t0 c8t4 c7t0 c7t4 c1t0 c1t4 c0t0 c0t4 ^b+ ^b+ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ -------*-----------*----Sun Fire X4500 Server----*---Front-----*---- Summary: Vendor Model Count ------ ----- ----- HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G 12 AMI Virtual CDROM 1 AMI Virtual Floppy 1 TEAC DV-W516GA 1 Total Storage Devices = 15 |
The following command displays the x64 platform type:
#hd -p platform = Sun Fire X4500 server |
The following command displays the cXtY device name from the Solaris PCI storage device path:
# hd -w /pci@3,0/pci1022,7458@a/pci11ab,11ab@1/disk@0,0 c7t0 = /pci@3,0/pci1022,7458@a/pci11ab,11ab@1/disk@0,0 |
The following command displays drive warning messages:
# hd -c -d -f /var/adm/messages |
The following command displays the fdisk partition for each cXtY device name with a summary:
# hd -c -s -a platform = Sun Fire X4500 |
Here is an example of output listing the fdisk partition for each cXtY device name:
Device Serial Vendor Model Rev Temperature Type ------ ------ ------ ----- --- ------------ ---- c0t4d0p0 K41BT4C7NXHS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) Solaris2 c5t0d0p0 K41BT4CG0PEE HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 32 C (89 F) Solaris2 c5t4d0p0 K41BT4C7MULS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 30 C (86 F) Solaris2 c6t4d0p0 K41BT4CB6J5E HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 32 C (89 F) None c4t0d0p0 K41BT4CEMKHE HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 34 C (93 F) OtherOS c7t0d0p0 K41BT4C7NVYS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) Solaris2 c6t0d0p0 K41BT4CEE9NE HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 34 C (93 F) Solaris2 c0t0d0p0 K41BT4CE447E HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) OtherOS c7t4d0p0 K41BT4CE87AE HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 34 C (93 F) OtherOS c4t4d0p0 K41BT4C838MS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) LinuxNative Solaris LinuxNative c1t0d0p0 VN03ZAG1WYWD HITACHI HDS7250SASUN500G K2AO 33 C (91 F) IFS:NTFS c1t4d0p0 K41BT4C7N4HS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 32 C (89 F) None c5t1d0p0 VN03ZAGAVSUD HITACHI HDS7250SASUN500G K2AO 29 C (84 F) None ------------------------SunFireX4500--------Rear-------------------------- 36: 37: 38: 39: 40: 41: 42: 43: 44: 45: 46: 47: c5t3 c5t7 c4t3 c4t7 c7t3 c7t7 c6t3 c6t7 c1t3 c1t7 c0t3 c0t7 ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- 24: 25: 26: 27: 28: 29: 30: 31: 32: 33: 34: 35: c5t2 c5t6 c4t2 c4t6 c7t2 c7t6 c6t2 c6t6 c1t2 c1t6 c0t2 c0t6 ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: 17: 18: 19: 20: 21: 22: 23: c5t1 c5t5 c4t1 c4t5 c7t1 c7t5 c6t1 c6t5 c1t1 c1t5 c0t1 c0t5 ^++ ^++ ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- 0: 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11: c5t0 c5t4 c4t0 c4t4 c7t0 c7t4 c6t0 c6t4 c1t0 c1t4 c0t0 c0t4 ^b+ ^b+ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ -------*-----------*----SunFireX4500----*---Front-----*-----------* Summary: Vendor Model Count ------ ----- ----- HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G 12 HITACHI HDS7250SASUN500G 2 Total Storage Devices = 14 Partition Type Count -------------- ----- Solaris2 6 None 3 OtherOS 3 LinuxNative Solaris LinuxNative 1 IFS:NTFS 1 Total partition type = 14 |
Here is an example of output from ht Utility of an fdisk partition listing:
Device Serial Vendor Model Rev Temperature Type ------ ------ ------ ----- --- ------------ ---- c0t4d0p0 K41BT4C7NXHS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) Solaris2 c5t0d0p0 K41BT4CG0PEE HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 32 C (89 F) Solaris2 c5t4d0p0 K41BT4C7MULS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 30 C (86 F) Solaris2 c6t4d0p0 K41BT4CB6J5E HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 32 C (89 F) None c4t0d0p0 K41BT4CEMKHE HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 34 C (93 F) OtherOS c7t0d0p0 K41BT4C7NVYS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) Solaris2 c6t0d0p0 K41BT4CEE9NE HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 34 C (93 F) Solaris2 c0t0d0p0 K41BT4CE447E HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) OtherOS c7t4d0p0 K41BT4CE87AE HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 34 C (93 F) OtherOS c4t4d0p0 K41BT4C838MS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 29 C (84 F) LinuxNative Solaris LinuxNative c1t0d0p0 VN03ZAG1WYWD HITACHI HDS7250SASUN500G K2AO 33 C (91 F) IFS:NTFS c1t4d0p0 K41BT4C7N4HS HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G V44O 32 C (89 F) None c5t1d0p0 VN03ZAGAVSUD HITACHI HDS7250SASUN500G K2AO 29 C (84 F) None ------------------------SunFireX4500--------Rear-------------------------- 36: 37: 38: 39: 40: 41: 42: 43: 44: 45: 46: 47: c5t3 c5t7 c4t3 c4t7 c7t3 c7t7 c6t3 c6t7 c1t3 c1t7 c0t3 c0t7 ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- 24: 25: 26: 27: 28: 29: 30: 31: 32: 33: 34: 35: c5t2 c5t6 c4t2 c4t6 c7t2 c7t6 c6t2 c6t6 c1t2 c1t6 c0t2 c0t6 ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- 12: 13: 14: 15: 16: 17: 18: 19: 20: 21: 22: 23: c5t1 c5t5 c4t1 c4t5 c7t1 c7t5 c6t1 c6t5 c1t1 c1t5 c0t1 c0t5 ^++ ^++ ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- ^-- 0: 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: 9: 10: 11: c5t0 c5t4 c4t0 c4t4 c7t0 c7t4 c6t0 c6t4 c1t0 c1t4 c0t0 c0t4 ^b+ ^b+ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ ^++ -------*-----------*----SunFireX4500----*---Front-----*-----------* Summary: Vendor Model Count ------ ----- ----- HITACHI HDS7225SBSUN250G 12 HITACHI HDS7250SASUN500G 2 Total Storage Devices = 14 Partition Type Count -------------- ----- Solaris2 6 None 3 OtherOS 3 LinuxNative Solaris LinuxNative 1 IFS:NTFS 1 Total partition type = 14 |
The following command displays the drive’s physical slot number, logical name, and status (present or absent).
# hd -q |
Physical Slot Number Logical Name Status 0 c5t0 present 1 c5t4 present 2 c4t0 present 3 c4t4 present 4 c7t0 present 5 c7t4 present 6 c6t0 present 7 c6t4 present 8 c1t0 present 9 c1t4 present 10 c0t0 present 11 c0t4 present 12 c5t1 present 13 c5t5 absent 14 c4t1 absent 15 c4t5 absent 16 c7t1 absent 17 c7t5 absent 18 c6t1 absent 19 c6t5 absent 20 c1t1 absent 21 c1t5 absent 22 c0t1 absent 23 c0t5 absent 24 c5t2 absent 25 c5t6 absent 26 c4t2 absent 27 c4t6 absent 28 c7t2 absent 29 c7t6 absent 30 c6t2 absent 31 c6t6 absent 32 c1t2 absent 33 c1t6 absent 34 c0t2 absent 35 c0t6 absent 36 c5t3 absent 37 c5t7 absent 38 c4t3 absent 39 c4t7 absent 40 c7t3 absent 41 c7t7 absent 42 c6t3 absent 43 c6t7 absent 44 c1t3 absent 45 c1t7 absent 46 c0t3 absent 47 c0t7 absent |
The following command displays the raw data count for the Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology (SMART) data. This is useful in checking the raw data count for a specific drive:
# hd -e c5t0 Revision: 16 Offline status 130 Selftest status 0 Seconds to collect 4797 Time in minutes to run short selftest 1 Time in minutes to run extended selftest 80 Offline capability 91 SMART capability 3 Error logging capability 1 Checksum 0x0b Identification Status Current Worst Raw data 1 Raw read error rate 0xb 100 100 1 2 Throughput performance 0x5 129 129 359 3 Spin up time 0x7 120 120 21493907745 4 Start/Stop count 0x12 100 100 342 5 Reallocated sector count 0x33 100 100 0 7 Seek error rate 0xb 100 100 0 8 Seek time performance 0x5 142 142 28 9 Power on hours count 0x12 99 99 9339 10 Spin retry count 0x13 100 100 0 12 Device power cycle count 0x32 100 100 342 192 Power off retract count 0x32 100 100 512 193 Load cycle count 0x12 100 100 512 194 Temperature 0x2 148 148 37/ 24/ 39 (degrees C cur/min/max) 196 Reallocation event count 0x32 100 100 0 197 Current pending sector count 0x22 100 100 0 198 Scan uncorrected sector count 0x8 100 100 0 199 Ultra DMA CRC error count 0xa 200 253 0 |
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