The -C option adds checks for out-of-bounds array subscripts.
If you compile with -C, the compiler adds checks at runtime for out-of-bounds references on each array subscript. This action helps catch some situations that cause segmentation faults.
demo% cat indrange.f
REAL a(10,10)
k = 11
a(k,2) = 1.0
END
demo% f77 -C -silent indrange.f
demo% a.out
Subscript out of range on file indrange.f, line 3, procedure MAIN.
Subscript number 1 has value 11 in array a.
Abort (core dumped)
demo%