Chapter 2
Predefined SAFs and the Request Handling Process

This chapter describes the standard directives and pre-defined Server Application Functions (SAFs) that are used in the obj.conf file to give instructions to the server.

Each SAF has its own arguments, which are passed to it by a directive in obj.conf. Every SAF is also passed additional arguments that contain information about the request (such as what resource was requested and what kind of client requested it) and any other server variables created or modified by SAFs called by previously invoked directives. Each SAF may examine, modify, or create server variables. Each SAF returns a result code that tells the server whether it succeeded, did nothing, or failed.

For a discussion of the use and syntax of obj.conf, see the chapter, Chapter 1, "Syntax and Use of obj.conf".

For a list of Init (initialization) SAFs, see Chapter 3, "SAFs in the init.conf File".

This chapter includes functions that are part of the core functionality of Sun ONE Application Server. It does not include functions that are available only if additional components, such as server-parsed HTML, are enabled.

This chapter contains a section for each directive which lists all the pre-defined Server Application Functions that can be used with that directive.

The directives are:

AuthTrans Stage
NameTrans Stage
PathCheck Stage
ObjectType Stage
Service Stage
AddLog Stage
Error Stage

For an alphabetical list of pre-defined SAFs, see Appendix F, "Alphabetical List of Pre-defined SAFs".

The following table lists the SAFs that can be used with each directive. The left column lists the directives, and the right column lists the SAFs for each directive.

Table 2-1  Available Server Application Functions (SAFs) Per Directive

Directive	Server Application Functions
AuthTrans Stage	auth-passthrough basic-auth basic-ncsa get-sslid qos-handler
NameTrans Stage	assign-name document-root home-page ntrans-j2ee pfx2dir redirect strip-params unix-home
PathCheck Stage	check-acl deny-existence find-index find-links find-pathinfo get-client-cert load-config nt-uri-clean ntcgicheck require-auth set-virtual-index ssl-check ssl-logout unix-uri-clean
ObjectType Stage	check-passthrough force-type set-default-type shtml-hacktype type-by-exp type-by-extension
Service Stage	add-footer add-header append-trailer imagemap index-common index-simple key-toosmall list-dir make-dir query-handler remove-dir remove-file rename-file send-cgi send-file send-range send-shellcgi send-wincgi service-dump service-j2ee service-passthrough shtml_send upload-file
AddLog Stage	common-log flex-log record-useragent
Error Stage	error-j2ee send-error qos-error

---

The bucket Parameter

The following performance buckets are predefined in Sun ONE Application Server:

The default-bucket records statistics for the functions not associated with any user-defined or built-in bucket.
The all-requests bucket records.perf statistics for all SAFs, including those in the default-bucket.

You can define additional performance buckets in the init.conf file (see the perf-init and define-perf-bucket functions).

You can measure the performance of any SAF in obj.conf by adding a bucket=bucket-name parameter to the function, for example bucket=cache-bucket.

To list the performance statistics, use the service-dump Service function.

As an alternative, you can use the stats-init function to generate performance statistics.

For more information about performance buckets, see the Sun ONE Application Server Performance Tuning, Sizing, and Scaling Guide.

---

AuthTrans Stage

AuthTrans stands for Authorization Translation. AuthTrans directives give the server instructions for checking authorization before allowing a client to access resources. AuthTrans directives work in conjunction with PathCheck directives. Generally, an AuthTrans function checks if the username and password associated with the request are acceptable, but it does not allow or deny access to the request -- it leaves that to a PathCheck function.

The server handles the authorization of client users in two steps.

AuthTrans Stage - validates authorization information sent by the client in the Authorization header.
PathCheck Stage - checks that the authorized user is allowed access to the requested resource.

The authorization process is split into two steps so that multiple authorization schemes can be easily incorporated, as well as providing the flexibility to have resources that record authorization information but do not require it.

AuthTrans functions get the username and password from the headers associated with the request. When a client initially makes a request, the username and password are unknown so the AuthTrans functions and PathCheck functions work together to reject the request, since they can’t validate the username and password. When the client receives the rejection, its usual response is to pop up a dialog box asking for the username and password to enter the appropriate realm, and then the client submits the request again, this time including the username and password in the headers.

If there is more than one AuthTrans directive in obj.conf, each function is executed in order until one succeeds in authorizing the user.

The following AuthTrans-class functions are described in detail in this section:

auth-passthrough inspects an incoming HTTP (web) request for client information encoded by a service-passthrough function running on an intermediate server.
basic-auth calls a custom function to verify user name and password. Optionally determines the user’s group.
basic-ncsa verifies user name and password against an NCSA-style or system DBM database. Optionally determines the user’s group.
get-sslid retrieves a string that is unique to the current SSL session and stores it as the ssl-id variable in the Session->client parameter block.
qos-handler handles the current quality of service statistics.

auth-passthrough

Applicable in AuthTrans-class directives.

The auth-passthrough function inspects an incoming HTTP (web) request for client information encoded by a service-passthrough function running on an intermediate server. The client information includes:

The IP address from which the request originated.
The SSL key size used by the originating client.
The SSL client certificate presented by the originating client.

When auth-passthrough detects encoded client information, it treats the request as if it had arrived directly from the originating client instead of via an intermediate server running service-passthrough.

The auth-passthrough function is optional on the server instance that receives the request forwarded by service-passthrough.

Since auth-passthrough makes it possible to override information that may be used for authentication (for example, the IP address of the original request), it is important that only trusted clients and servers be allowed to connect to a server running auth-passthrough. As a minimal precaution, only servers behind a corporate firewall should run auth-passthrough; no Internet-accessible server should run auth-passthrough. Further, if this information about the originating client is not required, auth-passthrough should not be used.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the auth-passthrough function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-2  auth-passthrough parameters

Parameter	Description
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

AuthTrans fn=auth-passthrough

See Also

init-passthrough, check-passthrough, service-passthrough

basic-auth

Applicable in AuthTrans-class directives.

The basic-auth function calls a custom function to verify authorization information sent by the client. The Authorization header is sent as part of the basic server authorization scheme.

This function is usually used in conjunction with the PathCheck-class function require-auth.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the basic-auth function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-3  basic-auth parameters

Parameter	Description
auth-type	specifies the type of authorization to be used. This should always be basic.
userdb	(optional) specifies the full path and file name of the user database to be used for user verification. This parameter will be passed to the user function.
userfn	is the name of the user custom function to verify authorization. This function must have been previously loaded with load-modules. It has the same interface as all the SAFs, but it is called with the user name (user), password (pw), user database (userdb), and group database (groupdb) if supplied, in the pb parameter. The user function should check the name and password using the database and return REQ_NOACTION if they are not valid. It should return REQ_PROCEED if the name and password are valid. The basic-auth function will then add auth-type, auth-user (user), auth-db (userdb), and auth-password (pw, Windows only) to the rq->vars pblock.
groupdb	(optional) specifies the full path and file name of the user database. This parameter will be passed to the group function.
groupfn	(optional) is the name of the group custom function that must have been previously loaded with load-modules. It has the same interface as all the SAFs, but it is called with the user name (user), password (pw), user database (userdb), and group database (groupdb) in the pb parameter. It also has access to the auth-type, auth-user (user), auth-db (userdb), and auth-password (pw, Windows only) parameters in the rq->vars pblock. The group function should determine the user’s group using the group database, add it to rq->vars as auth-group, and return REQ_PROCEED if found. It should return REQ_NOACTION if the user’s group is not found.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

in init.conf:

Init fn=load-modules shlib=/path/to/mycustomauth.so funcs=hardcoded_auth

in obj.conf:

AuthTrans fn=basic-auth auth-type=basic userfn=hardcoded_auth PathCheck fn=require-auth auth-type=basic realm="Marketing Plans"

See Also

require-auth

basic-ncsa

Applicable in AuthTrans-class directives.

The basic-ncsa function verifies authorization information sent by the client against a database. The Authorization header is sent as part of the basic server authorization scheme.

This function is usually used in conjunction with the PathCheck-class function require-auth.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the basic-ncsa function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-4  basic-ncsa parameters

Parameter	Description
auth-type	specifies the type of authorization to be used. This should always be basic.
dbm	(optional) specifies the full path and base file name of the user database in the server's native format. The native format is a system DBM file, which is a hashed file format allowing instantaneous access to billions of users. If you use this parameter, don’t use the userfile parameter as well.
userfile	(optional) specifies the full path name of the user database in the NCSA-style HTTPD user file format. This format consists of lines using the format name:password, where password is encrypted. If you use this parameter, don’t use dbm.
grpfile	(optional) specifies the NCSA-style HTTPD group file to be used. Each line of a group file consists of group:user1 user2 ... userN where each user is separated by spaces.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

AuthTrans fn=basic-ncsa auth-type=basic dbm=/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/userdb/rs PathCheck fn=require-auth auth-type=basic realm="Marketing Plans" AuthTrans fn=basic-ncsa auth-type=basic userfile=/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/.htpasswd grpfile=/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/.grpfile PathCheck fn=require-auth auth-type=basic realm="Marketing Plans"

See Also

require-auth

get-sslid

Applicable in AuthTrans-class directives.

Note	This function is provided for backward compatibility only. The functionality of get-sslid has been incorporated into the standard processing of an SSL connection.

The get-sslid function retrieves a string that is unique to the current SSL session, and stores it as the ssl-id variable in the Session->client parameter block.

If the variable ssl-id is present when a CGI is invoked, it is passed to the CGI as the HTTPS_SESSIONID environment variable.

The get-sslid function has no parameters and always returns REQ_NOACTION. It has no effect if SSL is not enabled.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the get-sslid function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-5  get-sslid parameters

Parameter	Description
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

qos-handler

Applicable in AuthTrans-class directives.

The qos-handler function examines the current quality of service statistics for the virtual server, virtual server class, and global server, logs the statistics, and enforces the QOS parameters by returning an error. This must be the first AuthTrans function configured in the default object in order to work properly.

For more information, see the Sun ONE Application Server Performance Tuning, Sizing, and Scaling Guide.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the qos-handler function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-6  qos-handler parameters

Parameter	Description
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Example

AuthTrans fn=qos-handler

See Also

qos-error

---

NameTrans Stage

NameTrans stands for Name Translation. NameTrans directives translate virtual URLs to physical directories on your server. For example, the URL

http://www.test.com/some/file.html

could be translated to the full file-system path

/usr/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/some/file.html

NameTrans directives should appear in the default object. If there is more than one NameTrans directive in an object, the server executes each one in order until one succeeds.

The following NameTrans-class functions are described in detail in this section:

assign-name tells the server to process directives in a named object.
document-root translates a URL into a file system path by replacing the http://host_name/ part of the requested resource with the document root directory.
home-page translates a request for the server’s root home page (/) to a specific file.
ntrans-j2ee determines whether a request maps to a Java web application context.
pfx2dir translates any URL beginning with a given prefix to a file system directory and optionally enables directives in an additional named object.
redirect redirects the client to a different URL.
strip-params removes embedded semicolon-delimited parameters from the path.
unix-home translates a URL to a specified directory within a user’s home directory.

assign-name

Applicable in NameTrans-class directives.

The assign-name function specifies the name of an object in obj.conf that matches the current request. The server then processes the directives in the named object in preference to the ones in the default object.

For example, consider the following directive in the default object:

NameTrans fn=assign-name name=personnel from=/personnel

Let’s suppose the server receives a request for http://hostname/personnel. After processing this NameTrans directive, the server looks for an object named personnel in obj.conf, and continues by processing the directives in the personnel object.

The assign-name function always returns REQ_NOACTION.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the assign-name function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-7  assign-name parameters

Parameter	Description
from	is a wildcard pattern that specifies the path to be affected.
name	specifies an additional named object in obj.conf whose directives will be applied to this request.
find-pathinfo-forward	(optional) makes the server look for the PATHINFO forward in the path right after the ntrans-base instead of backward from the end of path as the server function assign-name does by default. The value you assign to this parameter is ignored. If you do not wish to use this parameter, leave it out. The find-pathinfo-forward parameter is ignored if the ntrans-base parameter is not set in rq->vars. By default, ntrans-base is set. This feature can improve performance for certain URLs by reducing the number of stats performed.
nostat	(optional) prevents the server from performing a stat on a specified URL whenever possible. The effect of nostat="virtual-path" in the NameTrans function assign-name is that the server assumes that a stat on the specified virtual-path will fail. Therefore, use nostat only when the path of the virtual-path does not exist on the system, to improve performance by avoiding unnecessary stats on those URLs. When the default PathCheck server functions are used, the server does not stat for the paths /ntrans-base/virtual-path and /ntrans-base/virtual-path/* if ntrans-base is set (the default condition); it does not stat for the URLs /virtual-path and /virtual-path/* if ntrans-base is not set.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Example

# This NameTrans directive is in the default object. NameTrans fn=assign-name name=personnel from=/a/b/c/pers ... <Object name=personnel> ...additional directives.. </Object> NameTrans fn="assign-name" from="/perf" find-pathinfo-forward="" name="perf" NameTrans fn="assign-name" from="/nsfc" nostat="/nsfc" name="nsfc"

document-root

Applicable in NameTrans-class directives.

The document-root function specifies the root document directory for the server. If the physical path has not been set by a previous NameTrans function, the http://hostname/ part of the path is replace by the physical pathname for the document root.

When the server receives a request for http://hostname/somepath/somefile, the document-root function replaces http://hostname/ with the value of its root parameter. For example, if the document root directory is /usr/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs, then when the server receives a request for http://hostname/a/b/file.html, the document-root function translates the pathname for the requested resource to:

/usr/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/a/b/file.html

This function always returns REQ_PROCEED. NameTrans directives listed after this will never be called, so be sure that the directive that invokes document-root is the last NameTrans directive.

There can be only one root document directory. To specify additional document directories, use the pfx2dir function to set up additional path name translations.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the document-root function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-8  document-root parameters

Parameter	Description
root	is the file system path to the server’s root document directory.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

NameTrans fn=document-root root=/usr/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs NameTrans fn=document-root root=$docroot

See also

pfx2dir

home-page

Applicable in NameTrans-class directives.

The home-page function specifies the home page for your server. Whenever a client requests the server’s home page (/), they’ll get the document specified.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the home-page function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-9  home-page parameters

Parameter	Description
path	is the path and name of the home page file. If path starts with a slash (/), it is assumed to be a full path to a file. This function sets the server’s path variable and returns REQ_PROCEED. If path is a relative path, it is appended to the URI and the function returns REQ_NOACTION continuing on to the other NameTrans directives.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

NameTrans fn="home-page" path="homepage.html" NameTrans fn="home-page" path="/httpd/docs/home.html"

ntrans-j2ee

Applicable in NameTrans-class directives.

The ntrans-j2ee function determines whether a request maps to a Java web application context.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the ntrans-j2ee function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-10  ntrans-j2ee parameters

Parameter	Description
name	is a named object in obj.conf whose directives are applied to requests made to Java web applications.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

NameTrans fn="ntrans-j2ee" name="j2ee"

See Also

init-j2ee, service-j2ee, error-j2ee

pfx2dir

Applicable in NameTrans-class directives.

The pfx2dir function replaces a directory prefix in the requested URL with a real directory name. It also optionally allows you to specify the name of an object that matches the current request. (See the discussion of assign-name for details of using named objects.)

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the pfx2dir function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-11  pfx2dir parameters

Parameter	Description
from	is the URI prefix to convert. It should not have a trailing slash (/).
dir	is the local file system directory path that the prefix is converted to. It should not have a trailing slash (/).
name	(optional) specifies an additional named object in obj.conf whose directives will be applied to this request.
find-pathinfo-forward	(optional) makes the server look for the PATHINFO forward in the path right after the ntrans-base instead of backward from the end of path as the server function find-pathinfo does by default. The value you assign to this parameter is ignored. If you do not wish to use this parameter, leave it out. The find-pathinfo-forward parameter is ignored if the ntrans-base parameter is not set in rq->vars when the server function find-pathinfo is called. By default, ntrans-base is set. This feature can improve performance for certain URLs by reducing the number of stats performed in the server function find-pathinfo. On Windows, this feature can also be used to prevent the PATHINFO from the server URL normalization process (changing '\' to '/') when the PathCheck server function find-pathinfo is used. Some double-byte characters have hex values that may be parsed as URL separator characters such as \ or ~. Using the find-pathinfo-forward parameter can sometimes prevent incorrect parsing of URLs containing double-byte characters.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

In the first example, the URL http://hostname/cgi-bin/resource (such as http://x.y.z/cgi-bin/test.cgi) is translated to the physical pathname /httpd/cgi-local/resource, (such as /httpd/cgi-local/test.cgi) and the server also starts processing the directives in the object named cgi.

NameTrans fn=pfx2dir from=/cgi-bin dir=/httpd/cgi-local name=cgi

In the second example, the URL http://hostname/icons/resource (such as http://x.y.z/icons/happy/smiley.gif) is translated to the physical pathname /users/nikki/images/resource, (such as /users/nikki/images/smiley.gif)

NameTrans fn=pfx2dir from=/icons/happy dir=/users/nikki/images

The third example shows the use of the find-pathinfo-forward parameter. The URL http://hostname/cgi-bin/resource is translated to the physical pathname /export/home/cgi-bin/resource.

NameTrans fn="pfx2dir" find-pathinfo-forward="" from="/cgi-bin" dir="/export/home/cgi-bin" name="cgi"

redirect

Applicable in NameTrans-class directives.

The redirect function lets you change URLs and send the updated URL to the client. When a client accesses your server with an old path, the server treats the request as a request for the new URL.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the redirect function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-12  redirect parameters

Parameter	Description
from	specifies the prefix of the requested URI to match.
url	(maybe optional) specifies a complete URL to return to the client. If you use this parameter, don’t use url-prefix (and vice-versa).
url-prefix	(maybe optional) is the new URL prefix to return to the client. The from prefix is simply replaced by this URL prefix. If you use this parameter, don’t use url (and vice-versa).
escape	(optional) is a flag which tells the server to util_uri_escape the URL before sending it. It should be yes or no. The default is yes. For more information about util_uri_escape, see Chapter 6, "NSAPI Function Reference".
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

In the first example, any request for http://hostname/whatever is translated to a request for http://tmpserver/whatever.

NameTrans fn=redirect from=/ url-prefix=http://tmpserver

In the second example, any request for http://hostname/toopopular/whatever is translated to a request for http://bigger/better/stronger/morepopular/whatever.

NameTrans fn=redirect from=/toopopular url=http://bigger/better/stronger/morepopular

strip-params

Applicable in NameTrans-class directives.

The strip-params function removes embedded semicolon-delimited parameters from the path. For example, a URI of /dir1;param1/dir2 would become a path of /dir1/dir2. When used, the strip-params function should be the first NameTrans directive listed.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the strip-params function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-13  strip-params parameters

Parameter	Description
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Example

NameTrans fn=strip-params

unix-home

Applicable in NameTrans-class directives.

UNIX Only. The unix-home function translates user names (typically of the form ~username) into the user’s home directory on the server’s UNIX machine. You specify a URL prefix that signals user directories. Any request that begins with the prefix is translated to the user’s home directory.

You specify the list of users with either the /etc/passwd file or a file with a similar structure. Each line in the file should have this structure (elements in the passwd file that are not needed are indicated with *):

username:*:*:groupid:*:homedir:*

If you want the server to scan the password file only once at startup, use the Init-class function init-uhome in init.conf.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the unix-home function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-14  unix-home parameters

Parameter	Description
from	is the URL prefix to translate, usually “/~”.
subdir	is the subdirectory within the user’s home directory that contains their documents.
pwfile	(optional) is the full path and file name of the password file if it is different from /etc/passwd.
name	(optional) specifies an additional named object whose directives will be applied to this request.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

NameTrans fn=unix-home from=/~ subdir=public_html NameTrans fn=unix-home from /~ pwfile=/mydir/passwd subdir=public_html

See Also

init-uhome, find-links

---

PathCheck Stage

PathCheck directives check the local file system path that is returned after the NameTrans step. The path is checked for things such as CGI path information and for dangerous elements such as /./and /../ and //, and then any access restriction is applied.

If there is more than one PathCheck directive, each of the functions are executed in order.

The following PathCheck-class functions are described in detail in this section:

check-acl checks an access control list for authorization.
deny-existence indicates that a resource was not found.
find-index locates a default file when a directory is requested.
find-links denies access to directories with certain file system links
find-pathinfo locates extra path info beyond the file name for the PATH_INFO CGI environment variable.
get-client-cert gets the authenticated client certificate from the SSL3 session.
load-config finds and loads extra configuration information from a file in the requested path
nt-uri-clean denies access to requests with unsafe path names by indicating that access to the requested resource is forbidden.
ntcgicheck looks for a CGI file with a specified extension.
require-auth denies access to unauthorized users or groups.
set-virtual-index specifies a virtual index for a directory.
ssl-check checks the secret keysize.
ssl-logout invalidates the current SSL session in the server's SSL session cache.
unix-uri-clean denies access to requests with unsafe path names by indicating that access to the requested resource is forbidden.

check-acl

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

The check-acl function specifies an Access Control List (ACL) to use to check whether the client is allowed to access the requested resource. An access control list contains information about who is or is not allowed to access a resource, and under what conditions access is allowed.

Regardless of the order of PathCheck directives in the object, check-acl functions are executed first. They cause user authentication to be performed, if required by the specified ACL, and will also update the access control state.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the check-acl function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-15  check-acl parameters

Parameter	Description
acl	is the name of an Access Control List.
path	(optional) is a wildcard pattern that specifies the path for which to apply the ACL.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

PathCheck fn=check-acl acl="*HRonly*"

deny-existence

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

The deny-existence function sends a “not found” message when a client tries to access a specified path. The server sends “not found” instead of “forbidden,” so the user cannot tell whether the path exists or not.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the deny-existence function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-16  deny-existence parameters

Parameter	Description
path	(optional) is a wildcard pattern of the file-system path to hide. If the path does not match, the function does nothing and returns REQ_NOACTION. If the path is not provided, it is assumed to match.
bong-file	(optional) specifies a file to send rather than responding with the “not found” message. It is a full file-system path.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

PathCheck fn=deny-existence path=/usr/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/private PathCheck fn=deny-existence bong-file=/svr/msg/go-away.html

find-index

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

The find-index function investigates whether the requested path is a directory. If it is, the function searches for an index file in the directory, and then changes the path to point to the index file. If no index file is found, the server generates a directory listing.

Note that if the file obj.conf has a NameTrans directive that calls home-page, and the requested directory is the root directory, then the home page rather than the index page, is returned to the client.

The find-index function does nothing if there is a query string, if the HTTP method is not GET, or if the path is that of a valid file.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the find-index function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-17  find-index parameters

Parameter	Description
index-names	is a comma-separated list of index file names to look for. Use spaces only if they are part of a file name. Do not include spaces before or after the commas. This list is case-sensitive if the file system is case-sensitive.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

PathCheck fn=find-index index-names=index.html,home.html

find-links

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

UNIX Only. The find-links function searches the current path for symbolic or hard links to other directories or file systems. If any are found, an error is returned. This function is normally used for directories that are not trusted (such as user home directories). It prevents someone from pointing to information that should not be made public.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the find-links function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-18  find-links parameters

Parameter	Description
disable	is a character string of links to disable: h is hard links s is soft links o allows symbolic links from user home directories only if the user owns the target of the link.
dir	is the directory to begin checking. If you specify an absolute path, any request to that path and its subdirectories is checked for symbolic links. If you specify a partial path, any request containing that partial path is checked for symbolic links. For example, if you use /user/ and a request comes in for some/user/directory, then that directory is checked for symbolic links.
checkFileExistence	check linked file for existence and abort request with 403 (forbidden) if this check fails.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

PathCheck fn=find-links disable=sh dir=/foreign-dir PathCheck fn=find-links disable=so dir=public_html

See Also

init-uhome, unix-home

find-pathinfo

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

The find-pathinfo function finds any extra path information after the file name in the URL and stores it for use in the CGI environment variable PATH_INFO.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the find-pathinfo function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-19  find-pathinfo parameters

Parameter	Description
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

PathCheck fn=find-pathinfo PathCheck fn=find-pathinfo find-pathinfo-forward=""

get-client-cert

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

The get-client-cert function gets the authenticated client certificate from the SSL3 session. It can apply to all HTTP methods, or only to those that match a specified pattern. It only works when SSL is enabled on the server.

If the certificate is present or obtained from the SSL3 session, the function returns REQ_NOACTION, allowing the request to proceed, otherwise it returns REQ_ABORTED and sets the protocol status to 403 FORBIDDEN, causing the request to fail and the client to be given the FORBIDDEN status.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the get-client-cert function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-20  get-client-cert parameters

Parameter	Description
dorequest	controls whether to actually try to get the certificate, or just test for its presence. If dorequest is absent the default value is 0. 1 tells the function to redo the SSL3 handshake to get a client certificate, if the server does not already have the client certificate. This typically causes the client to present a dialog box to the user to select a client certificate. The server may already have the client certificate if it was requested on the initial handshake, or if a cached SSL session has been resumed. 0 tells the function not to redo the SSL3 handshake if the server does not already have the client certificate. If a certificate is obtained from the client and verified successfully by the server, the ASCII base64 encoding of the DER-encoded X.509 certificate is placed in the parameter auth-cert in the Request->vars pblock, and the function returns REQ_PROCEED, allowing the request to proceed.
require	controls whether failure to get a client certificate will abort the HTTP request. If require is absent the default value is 1. 1 tells the function to abort the HTTP request if the client certificate is not present after dorequest is handled. In this case, the HTTP status is set to PROTOCOL_FORBIDDEN, and the function returns REQ_ABORTED. 0 tells the function to return REQ_NOACTION if the client certificate is not present after dorequest is handled.
method	(optional) specifies a wildcard pattern for the HTTP methods for which the function will be applied. If method is absent, the function is applied to all requests.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

# Get the client certificate from the session. # If a certificate is not already associated with the # session, request one. # The request fails if the client does not present a # valid certificate. PathCheck fn="get-client-cert" dorequest="1"

load-config

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

The load-config function searches for configuration files in document directories and adds the file’s contents to the server’s existing configuration. These configuration files (also known as dynamic configuration files) specify additional access control information for the requested resource. Depending on the rules in the dynamic configuration files, the server might or might not allow the client to access the requested resource.

Each directive that invokes load-config is associated with a base directory, which is either stated explicitly through the basedir parameter or derived from the root directory for the requested resource. The base directory determines two things:

the top-most directory for which requests will invoke this call to the load-config function.

For example, if the base directory is D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/nikki/, then only requests for resources in this directory or its subdirectories (and their subdirectories and so on) trigger the search for dynamic configuration files. A request for the resource D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/somefile.html does not trigger the search in this case, since the requested resource is in a parent directory of the base directory.

the top-most directory in which the server looks for dynamic configuration files to apply to the requested resource.

If the base directory is D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/nikki/, the server starts its search for dynamic configuration files in this directory. It may or may not also search subdirectories (but never parent directories) depending on other factors.

If you manually add PathCheck directives that invoke load-config to the file obj.conf, put them in additional objects (created with the <OBJECT> tag) rather than putting them in the default object. Use the ppath attribute of the OBJECT tag to specify the partial pathname for the resources to be affected by the access rules in the dynamic configuration file. The partial pathname can be any pathname that matches a pattern, which can include wildcard characters.

For example, the following <OBJECT> tag specifies that requests for resources in the directory D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs are subject to the access rules in the file my.nsconfig.

<Object ppath="D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/*"> PathCheck fn="load-config" file="my.nsconfig" descend=1 basedir="D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs" </Object>

Note	If the ppath resolves to a resource or directory that is higher in the directory tree (or is in a different branch of the tree) than the base directory, the load-config function is not invoked. This is because the base directory specifies the highest-level directory for which requests will invoke the load-config function.

The load-config function returns REQ_PROCEED if configuration files were loaded, REQ_ABORTED on error, or REQ_NOACTION when no files are loaded.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the load-config function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-21  load-config parameters

Parameter	Description
file	(optional) is the name of the dynamic configuration file containing the access rules to be applied to the requested resource. If not provided, the file name is assumed to be .nsconfig.
disable-types	(optional) specifies a wildcard pattern of types to disable for the base directory, such as magnus-internal/cgi. Requests for resources matching these types are aborted.
descend	(optional) if present, specifies that the server should search in subdirectories of this directory for dynamic configuration files. For example, descend=1 specifies that the server should search subdirectories. No descend parameter specifies that the function should search only the base directory.
basedir	(optional) specifies base directory. This is the highest-level directory for which requests will invoke the load-config function and is also the directory where the server starts searching for configuration files. If basedir is not specified, the base directory is assumed to be the root directory that results from translating the requested resource’s URL to a physical pathname. For example, if the request was for http://hostname/a/b/file.html, the physical file name would be /document-root/a/b/file.html.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

In this example, whenever the server receives a request for any resource containing the substring secret that resides in D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/nikki/ or a subdirectory thereof, it searches for a configuration file called checkaccess.nsconfig.

The server starts the search in the directory D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/nikki, and searches subdirectories too. It loads each instance of checkaccess.nsconfig that it finds, applying the access control rules contained therein to determine whether the client is allowed to access the requested resource or not.

<Object ppath="*secret*">
PathCheck fn="load-config" file="checkaccess.nsconfig" basedir="D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/nikki" descend="1"
</Object>

nt-uri-clean

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

Windows Only. The nt-uri-clean function denies access to any resource whose physical path contains \.\, \..\ or \\ (these are potential security problems).

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the nt-uri-clean function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-22  nt-uri-clean parameters

Parameter	Description
tildeok	if present, allows tilde”~” characters in URIs. This is a potential security risk on the Windows platform, where longfi~1.htm might reference longfilename.htm but does not go through the proper ACL checking. If present, “//” sequences are allowed.
dotdirok	If present, “//” sequences are allowed.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

PathCheck fn=nt-uri-clean

See Also

unix-uri-clean

ntcgicheck

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

Windows Only. The ntcgicheck function specifies the file name extension to be added to any file name that does not have an extension, or to be substituted for any file name that has the extension .cgi.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the ntcgicheck function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-23  ntcgicheck parameters

Parameter	Description
extension	is the replacement file extension.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

PathCheck fn=ntcgicheck extension=pl

See Also

init-cgi, send-cgi, send-wincgi, send-shellcgi

require-auth

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

The require-auth function allows access to resources only if the user or group is authorized. Before this function is called, an authorization function (such as basic-auth) must be called in an AuthTrans directive.

If a user was authorized in an AuthTrans directive, and the auth-user parameter is provided, then the user’s name must match the auth-user wildcard value. Also, if the auth-group parameter is provided, the authorized user must belong to an authorized group which must match the auth-user wildcard value.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the require-auth function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-24  require-auth parameters

Parameter	Description
path	(optional) is a wildcard local file system path on which this function should operate. If no path is provided, the function applies to all paths.
auth-type	is the type of HTTP authorization used and must match the auth-type from the previous authorization function in AuthTrans. Currently, basic is the only authorization type defined.
realm	is a string sent to the browser indicating the secure area (or realm) for which a user name and password are requested.
auth-user	(optional) specifies a wildcard list of users who are allowed access. If this parameter is not provided, then any user authorized by the authorization function is allowed access.
auth-group	(optional) specifies a wildcard list of groups that are allowed access.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

PathCheck fn=require-auth auth-type=basic realm="Marketing Plans" auth-group=mktg auth-user=(jdoe|johnd|janed)

See Also

basic-auth, basic-ncsa

set-virtual-index

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

The set-virtual-index function specifies a virtual index for a directory, which determines the URL forwarding. The index can refer to a servlet in its own namespace, for example.

REQ_NOACTION is returned if none of the URIs listed in the from parameter match the current URI. REQ_ABORTED is returned if the file specified by the virtual-index parameter is missing or if the current URI cannot be found. REQ_RESTART is returned if the current URI matches any one of the URIs mentioned in the from parameter or if there is no from parameter.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the set-virtual-index function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-25  set-virtual-index parameters

Parameter	Description
virtual-index	is the URI of the content generator that acts as an index for the URI the user enters.
from	(optional) is a comma-separated list of URIs for which this virtual-index is applicable. If from is not specified, the virtual-index always applies.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

# MyLWApp is a LiveWire application PathCheck fn=set-virtual-index virtual-index=MyLWApp

ssl-check

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

If a restriction is selected that is not consistent with the current cipher settings under Security Preferences, this function opens a popup dialog which warns that ciphers with larger secret keysizes need to be enabled. This function is designed to be used together with a Client tag to limit access of certain directories to non-exportable browsers.

The function returns REQ_NOACTION if SSL is not enabled, or if the secret-keysize parameter is not specified. If the secret keysize for the current session is less than the specified secret-keysize and the bong-file parameter is not specified, the function returns REQ_ABORTED with a status of PROTOCOL_FORBIDDEN. If the bong file is specified, the function returns REQ_PROCEED, and the path variable is set to the bong filename. Also, when a keysize restriction is not met, the SSL session cache entry for the current session is invalidated, so that a full SSL handshake will occur the next time the same client connects to the server.

Requests that use ssl-check are not cacheable in the accelerator file cache if ssl-check returns something other than REQ_NOACTION.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the ssl-check function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-26  ssl-check parameters

Parameter	Description
secret-keysize	(optional) is the minimum number of bits required in the secret key.
bong-file	(optional) is the name of a file (not a URI) to be served if the restriction is not met
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

ssl-logout

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

ssl-logout invalidates the current SSL session in the server's SSL session cache. This does not affect the current request, but the next time the client connects, a new SSL session will be created. If SSL is enabled, this function returns REQ_PROCEED after invalidating the session cache entry. If SSL is not enabled, it returns REQ_NOACTION.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the ssl-logout function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-27  ssl-logout parameters

Parameter	Description
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

unix-uri-clean

Applicable in PathCheck-class directives.

UNIX Only. The unix-uri-clean function denies access to any resource whose physical path contains /./, /../ or // (these are potential security problems).

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the unix-uri-clean function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-28  unix-uri-clean parameters

Parameter	Description
dotdirok	If present, “//” sequences are allowed.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

PathCheck fn=unix-uri-clean

See Also

nt-uri-clean

---

ObjectType Stage

ObjectType directives determine the MIME type of the file to send to the client in response to a request. MIME attributes currently sent are type, encoding, and language. The MIME type sent to the client as the value of the content-type header.

ObjectType directives also set the type parameter, which is used by Service directives to determine how to process the request according to what kind of content is being requested.

If there is more than one ObjectType directive in an object, all the directives are applied in the order they appear. If a directive sets an attribute and later directives try to set that attribute to something else, the first setting is used and the subsequent ones ignored.

The obj.conf file almost always has an ObjectType directive that calls the type-by-extension function. This function instructs the server to look in a particular file (the MIME types file) to deduce the content type from the extension of the requested resource.

The following ObjectType-class functions are described in detail in this section:

check-passthrough checks to see if the requested resource is available on the local server.
force-type sets the content-type header for the response to a specific type.
set-default-type allows you to define a default charset, content-encoding, and content-language for the response being sent back to the client.
shtml-hacktype requests that .htm and .html files are parsed for server-parsed html commands.
type-by-exp sets the content-type header for the response based on the requested path.
type-by-extension sets the content-type header for the response based on the files extension and the MIME types database.

check-passthrough

Applicable in ObjectType-class directives.

The check-passthrough function checks to see if the requested resource (for example, the HTML document or GIF image) is available on the local server. If the requested resource does not exist locally, check-passthrough sets the type to indicate that the request should be passed to another server for processing by service-passthrough.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the check-passthrough function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-29  check-passthrough parameters

Parameter	Description
type	(optional) is the type assigned when the requested resource does not exist. The default is magnus-internal/passthrough.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Example

ObjectType fn="check-passthrough"

See Also

init-passthrough, auth-passthrough, service-passthrough

force-type

Applicable in ObjectType-class directives.

The force-type function assigns a type to requests that do not already have a MIME type. This is used to specify a default object type.

Make sure that the directive that calls this function comes last in the list of ObjectType directives so that all other ObjectType directives have a chance to set the MIME type first. If there is more than one ObjectType directive in an object, all the directives are applied in the order they appear. If a directive sets an attribute and later directives try to set that attribute to something else, the first setting is used and the subsequent ones ignored.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the force-type function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-30  force-type parameters

Parameter	Description
type	(optional) is the type assigned to a matching request (the content-type header).
enc	(optional) is the encoding assigned to a matching request (the content-encoding header).
lang	(optional) is the language assigned to a matching request (the content-language header).
charset	(optional) is the character set for the magnus-charset parameter in rq->srvhdrs. If the browser sent the Accept-charset header or its User-agent is mozilla/1.1 or newer, then append “; charset=charset” to content-type, where charset is the value of the magnus-charset parameter in rq->srvhdrs.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

ObjectType fn=force-type type=text/plain ObjectType fn=force-type lang=en_US

See Also

type-by-extension, type-by-exp

set-default-type

Applicable in ObjectType-class directives.

This function allows you to define a default charset, content-encoding, and content-language for the response being sent back to the client.

If the charset, content-encoding, and content-language have not been set for a response, then just before the headers are sent the defaults defined by set-default-type are used. Note that by placing this function in different objects in obj.conf, you can define different defaults for different parts of the document tree.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the set-default-type function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-31  set-default-type parameters

Parameter	Description
enc	(optional) is the encoding assigned to a matching request (the content-encoding header).
lang	(optional) is the language assigned to a matching request (the content-language header).
charset	(optional) is the character set for the magnus-charset parameter in rq->srvhdrs. If the browser sent the Accept-charset header or its User-agent is mozilla/1.1 or newer, then append “; charset=charset” to content-type, where charset is the value of the magnus-charset parameter in rq->srvhdrs.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Example

ObjectType fn="set-default-type" charset="iso_8859-1"

shtml-hacktype

Applicable in ObjectType-class directives.

The shtml-hacktype function changes the content-type of any .htm or .html file to magnus-internal/parsed-html and returns REQ_PROCEED. This provides backward compatibility with server-side includes for files with .htm or .html extensions. The function may also check the execute bit for the file on UNIX systems. The use of this function is not recommended.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the shtml-hacktype function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-32  shtml-hacktype parameters

Parameter	Description
exec-hack	(UNIX only, optional) tells the function to change the content-type only if the execute bit is enabled. The value of the parameter is not important. It need only be provided. You may use exec-hack=true.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

ObjectType fn=shtml-hacktype exec-hack=true

type-by-exp

Applicable in ObjectType-class directives.

The type-by-exp function matches the current path with a wildcard expression. If the two match, the type parameter information is applied to the file. This is the same as type-by-extension, except you use wildcard patterns for the files or directories specified in the URLs.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the type-by-exp function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-33  type-by-exp parameters

Parameter	Description
exp	is the wildcard pattern of paths for which this function is applied.
type	(optional) is the type assigned to a matching request (the content-type header).
enc	(optional) is the encoding assigned to a matching request (the content-encoding header).
lang	(optional) is the language assigned to a matching request (the content-language header).
charset	(optional) is the character set for the magnus-charset parameter in rq->srvhdrs. If the browser sent the Accept-charset header or its User-agent is mozilla/1.1 or newer, then append “; charset=charset” to content-type, where charset is the value of the magnus-charset parameter in rq->srvhdrs.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

ObjectType fn=type-by-exp exp=*.test type=application/html

See Also

type-by-extension, force-type

type-by-extension

Applicable in ObjectType-class directives.

This function instructs the server to look in a table of MIME type mappings to find the MIME type of the requested resource according to the extension of the requested resource. The MIME type is added to the content-type header sent back to the client.

The table of MIME type mappings is created by a MIME element in the server.xml file, which loads a MIME types file or list and creates the mappings. For more information about server.xml and MIME types files, see the Sun ONE Application Server Administrator’s Configuration File Reference.

For example, the following two lines are part of a MIME types file:

type=text/html    exts=htm,html
type=text/plain    exts=txt

If the extension of the requested resource is htm or html, the type-by-extension file sets the type to text/html. If the extension is .txt, the function sets the type to text/plain.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the type-by-extension function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-34  type-by-extension parameters

Parameter	Description
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

ObjectType fn=type-by-extension

See Also

type-by-exp, force-type

---

Service Stage

The Service class of functions sends the response data to the client.

Every Service directive has the following optional parameters to determine whether the function is executed. All the optional parameters must match the current request for the function to be executed.

type

(optional) specifies a wildcard pattern of MIME types for which this function will be executed. The magnus-internal/* MIME types are used only to select a Service function to execute.

method

(optional) specifies a wildcard pattern of HTTP methods for which this function will be executed. Common HTTP methods are GET, HEAD, and POST.

query

(optional) specifies a wildcard pattern of query strings for which this function will be executed.

UseOutputStreamSize

(optional) determines the default output stream buffer size, in bytes, for data sent to the client. If this parameter is not specified, the default is 8192 bytes.

Note	The UseOutputStreamSize parameter can be set to zero in the obj.conf file to disable output stream buffering. For the init.conf file, setting UseOutputStreamSize to zero has no effect.

flushTimer

(optional) determines the maximum number of milliseconds between write operations in which buffering is enabled. If the interval between subsequent write operations is greater than the flushTimer value for an application, further buffering is disabled. This is necessary for status monitoring CGI applications that run continuously and generate periodic status update reports. If this parameter is not specified, the default is 3000 milliseconds.

ChunkedRequestBufferSize

(optional) determines the default buffer size, in bytes, for “un-chunking” request data. If this parameter is not specified, the default is 8192 bytes.

ChunkedRequestTimeout

(optional) determines the default timeout, in seconds, for “un-chunking” request data. If this parameter is not specified, the default is 60 seconds.

If there is more than one Service-class function, the first one matching the optional wildcard parameters (type, method, and query) is executed.

For more information about the UseOutputStreamSize, flushTimer, ChunkedRequestBufferSize, and ChunkedRequestTimeout parameters, see "Buffered Streams". The UseOutputStreamSize, ChunkedRequestBufferSize, and ChunkedRequestTimeout parameters also have equivalent init.conf directives; see the Sun ONE Application Server Administrator’s Configuration File Reference. The obj.conf parameters override the init.conf directives.

By default, the server sends the requested file to the client by calling the send-file function. The directive that sets the default is:

Service method="(GET|HEAD|POST)" type="*~magnus-internal/*" fn="send-file"

This directive usually comes last in the set of Service-class directives to give all other Service directives a chance to be invoked. This directive is invoked if the method of the request is GET, HEAD, or POST, and the type does not start with magnus-internal/. Note here that the pattern *~ means “does not match.” For a list of characters that can be used in patterns, see Appendix B, "Wildcard Patterns".

The following Service-class functions are described in detail in this section:

add-footer appends a footer specified by a filename or URL to a an HTML file.
add-header prepends a header specified by a filename or URL to an HTML file.
append-trailer appends text to the end of an HTML file.
imagemap handles server-side image maps.
index-common generates a fancy list of the files and directories in a requested directory.
index-simple generates a simple list of files and directories in a requested directory.
key-toosmall indicates to the client that the provided certificate key size is too small to accept.
list-dir lists the contents of a directory.
make-dir creates a directory.
query-handler handles the HTML ISINDEX tag.
remove-dir deletes an empty directory.
remove-file deletes a file.
rename-file renames a file.
send-cgi sets up environment variables, launches a CGI program, and sends the response to the client.
send-file sends a local file to the client.
send-range sends a range of bytes of a file to the client.
send-shellcgi sets up environment variables, launches a shell CGI program, and sends the response to the client.
send-wincgi sets up environment variables, launches a WinCGI program, and sends the response to the client.
service-dump creates a performance report based on collected performance bucket data.
service-j2ee services requests made to Java web applications.
service-passthrough forwards a request to another server for processing.
shtml_send parses an HTML file for server-parsed html commands.
upload-file uploads and saves a file.

add-footer

Applicable in Service-class directives.

This function appends a footer to an HTML file that is sent to the client. The footer is specified either as a filename or a URI -- thus the footer can be dynamically generated. To specify static text as a footer, use the append-trailer function.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the add-footer function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-35  add-footer parameters

Parameter	Description
file	(optional) The pathname to the file containing the footer. Specify either file or uri. By default the pathname is relative. If the pathname is absolute, pass the NSIntAbsFilePath parameter as yes.
uri	(optional) A URI pointing to the resource containing the footer. Specify either file or uri.
NSIntAbsFilePath	(optional) if the file parameter is specified, the NSIntAbsFilePath parameter determines whether the file name is absolute or relative. The default is relative. Set the value to yes to indicate an absolute file path.
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service type=text/html method=GET fn=add-footer file="footers/footer1.html"

Service type=text/html method=GET fn=add-footer file="D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/footers/footer1.html" NSIntAbsFilePath="yes"

See Also

append-trailer, add-header

add-header

Applicable in Service-class directives.

This function prepends a header to an HTML file that is sent to the client. The header is specified either as a filename or a URI -- thus the header can be dynamically generated.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the add-header function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-36  add-header parameters

Parameter	Description
file	(optional) The pathname to the file containing the header. Specify either file or uri. By default the pathname is relative. If the pathname is absolute, pass the NSIntAbsFilePath parameter as yes.
uri	(optional) A URI pointing to the resource containing the header. Specify either file or uri.
NSIntAbsFilePath	(optional) if the file parameter is specified, the NSIntAbsFilePath parameter determines whether the file name is absolute or relative. The default is relative. Set the value to yes to indicate an absolute file path.
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service type=text/html method=GET fn=add-header file="headers/header1.html"

Service type=text/html method=GET fn=add-footer file="D:/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/headers/header1.html" NSIntAbsFilePath="yes"

See Also

add-footer, append-trailer

append-trailer

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The append-trailer function sends an HTML file and appends text to the end. It only appends text to HTML files. This is typically used for author information and copyright text. The date the file was last modified can be inserted.

Returns REQ_ABORTED if a required parameter is missing, if there is extra path information after the file name in the URL, or if the file cannot be opened for read-only access.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the append-trailer function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-37  append-trailer parameters

Parameter	Description
trailer	is the text to append to HTML documents. The string is unescaped with util_uri_unescape before being sent. The text can contain HTML tags and can be up to 512 characters long after unescaping and inserting the date. If you use the string :LASTMOD:, which is replaced by the date the file was last modified; you must also specify a time format with timefmt.
timefmt	(optional) is a time format string for :LASTMOD:. For details about time formats refer to Appendix C, "Time Formats". If timefmt is not provided, :LASTMOD: will not be replaced with the time.
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service type=text/html method=GET fn=append-trailer trailer="<hr><img src=/logo.gif> Copyright 1999" # Add a trailer with the date in the format: MM/DD/YY Service type=text/html method=GET fn=append-trailer timefmt="%D" trailer="<HR>File last updated on: :LASTMOD:"

See Also

add-footer, add-header

imagemap

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The imagemap function responds to requests for imagemaps. Imagemaps are images which are divided into multiple areas that each have an associated URL. The information about which URL is associated with which area is stored in a mapping file.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the imagemap function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-38  imagemap parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service type=magnus-internal/imagemap method=(GET|HEAD) fn=imagemap

index-common

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The index-common function generates a fancy (or common) list of files in the requested directory. The list is sorted alphabetically. Files beginning with a period (.) are not displayed. Each item appears as an HTML link. This function displays more information than index-simple including the size, date last modified, and an icon for each file. It may also include a header and/or readme file into the listing.

The Init-class function cindex-init in init.conf specifies the format for the index list, including where to look for the images.

If obj.conf contains a call to index-common in the Service stage, init.conf must initialize fancy (or common) indexing by invoking init-cgi during the Init stage.

Indexing occurs when the requested resource is a directory that does not contain an index file or a home page, or no index file or home page has been specified by the functions find-index or home-page.

The icons displayed are .gif files dependent on the content-type of the file.

The following table describes which icon is displayed based on the content-type of the file. The left column lists the content-type values, and the right column lists the .gif files for the displayed icons.

Table 2-39  content-type icons

Content Type	Icon
"text/*"	text.gif
"image/*"	image.gif
"audio/*"	sound.gif
"video/*"	movie.gif
"application/octet-stream"	binary.gif
directory	menu.gif
all others	unknown.gif

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the index-common function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-40  index-common parameters

Parameter	Description
header	(optional) is the path (relative to the directory being indexed) and name of a file (HTML or plain text) which is included at the beginning of the directory listing to introduce the contents of the directory. The file is first tried with .html added to the end. If found, it is incorporated near the top of the directory list as HTML. If the file is not found, then it is tried without the .html and incorporated as preformatted plain text (bracketed by <PRE> and).
readme	(optional) is the path (relative to the directory being indexed) and name of a file (HTML or plain text) to append to the directory listing. This file might give more information about the contents of the directory, indicate copyrights, authors, or other information. The file is first tried with .html added to the end. If found, it is incorporated at the bottom of the directory list as HTML. If the file is not found, then it is tried without the .html and incorporated as preformatted plain text (enclosed by <PRE> and </PRE>).
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn=index-common type=magnus-internal/directory method=(GET|HEAD) header=hdr readme=rdme.txt

See Also

cindex-init, index-simple, find-index, home-page

index-simple

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The index-simple function generates a simple index of the files in the requested directory. It scans a directory and returns an HTML page to the browser displaying a bulleted list of the files and directories in the directory. The list is sorted alphabetically. Files beginning with a period (.) are not displayed. Each item appears as an HTML link.

Indexing occurs when the requested resource is a directory that does not contain either an index file or a home page, or no index file or home page has been specified by the functions find-index or home-page.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the index-simple function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-41  index-simple parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service type=magnus-internal/directory fn=index-simple

See Also

cindex-init, index-common

key-toosmall

Applicable in Service-class directives.

Note	This function is provided for backward compatibility only and was deprecated in iPlanet Web Server 4.x. It is replaced by the PathCheck-class SAF ssl-check.

The key-toosmall function returns a message to the client specifying that the secret key size for SSL communications is too small. This function is designed to be used together with a Client tag to limit access of certain directories to non-exportable browsers.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the key-toosmall function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-42  key-toosmall parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

<Object ppath=/mydocs/secret/*> Service fn=key-toosmall </Object>

list-dir

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The list-dir function returns a sequence of text lines to the client in response to a request whose method is INDEX. The format of the returned lines is:

name type size mimetype

The name field is the name of the file or directory. It is relative to the directory being indexed. It is URL-encoded, that is, any character might be represented by %xx, where xx is the hexadecimal representation of the character's ASCII number.

The type field is a MIME type such as text/html. Directories will be of type directory. A file for which the server doesn't have a type will be of type unknown.

The size field is the size of the file, in bytes.

The mtime field is the numerical representation of the date of last modification of the file. The number is the number of seconds since the epoch (Jan. 1, 1970 00:00 UTC) since the last modification of the file.

When remote file manipulation is enabled in the server, the obj.conf file contains a Service-class function that calls list-dir for requests whose method is INDEX.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the list-dir function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-43  list-dir parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn=list-dir method="INDEX"

make-dir

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The make-dir function creates a directory when the client sends a request whose method is MKDIR. The function can fail if the server can’t write to that directory.

When remote file manipulation is enabled in the server, the obj.conf file contains a Service-class function that invokes make-dir when the request method is MKDIR.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the make-dir function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-44  make-dir parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn="make-dir" method="MKDIR"

query-handler

Applicable in Service-class directives.

Note	This function is provided for backward compatibility only and is used mainly to support the obsolete ISINDEX tag. If possible, use an HTML form instead.

The query-handler function runs a CGI program instead of referencing the path requested.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the query-handler function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-45  query-handler parameters

Parameter	Description
path	is the full path and file name of the CGI program to run.
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service query=* fn=query-handler path=/http/cgi/do-grep Service query=* fn=query-handler path=/http/cgi/proc-info

remove-dir

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The remove-dir function removes a directory when the client sends an request whose method is RMDIR. The directory must be empty (have no files in it). The function will fail if the directory is not empty or if the server doesn’t have the privileges to remove the directory.

When remote file manipulation is enabled in the server, the obj.conf file contains a Service-class function that invokes remove-dir when the request method is RMDIR.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the remove-dir function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-46  remove-dir parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn="remove-dir" method="RMDIR"

remove-file

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The remove-file function deletes a file when the client sends a request whose method is DELETE. It deletes the file indicated by the URL if the user is authorized and the server has the needed file system privileges.

When remote file manipulation is enabled in the server, the obj.conf file contains a Service-class function that invokes remove-file when the request method is DELETE.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the remove-file function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-47  remove-file parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn="remove-file" method="DELETE"

rename-file

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The rename-file function renames a file when the client sends a request with a New-URL header whose method is MOVE. It renames the file indicated by the URL to New-URL within the same directory if the user is authorized and the server has the needed file system privileges.

When remote file manipulation is enabled in the server, the obj.conf file contains a Service-class function that invokes rename-file when the request method is MOVE.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the rename-file function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-48  rename-file parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn="rename-file" method="MOVE"

send-cgi

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The send-cgi function sets up the CGI environment variables, runs a file as a CGI program in a new process, and sends the results to the client.

For details about the CGI environment variables and their NSAPI equivalents, refer to "CGI to NSAPI Conversion".

For additional information about CGI, see the Sun ONE Application Server Administrator’s Guide and the Sun ONE Application Server Developer’s Guide to Web Applications.

You can change the timing used to flush the CGI buffer in these ways:

Adjust the interval between flushes using the flushTimer parameter
Adjust the buffer size using the UseOutputStreamSize parameter
Force Sun ONE Application Server to flush its buffer by forcing spaces into the buffer in the CGI script

For more information about flushTimer and UseOutputStreamSize, see "Buffered Streams".

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the send-cgi function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-49  send-cgi parameters

Parameter	Description
user	(UNIX only) Specifies the name of the user to execute CGI programs as.
group	(UNIX only) Specifies the name of the group to execute CGI programs as.
chroot	(UNIX only) Specifies the directory to chroot to before execution begins. This is relative to the chroot defined in init.conf.
dir	(UNIX only) Specifies the directory to chdir to after chroot but before execution begins.
rlimit_as	(UNIX only) Specifies the maximum CGI program address space in bytes. You can supply both current (soft) and maximum (hard) limits, separated by a comma. The soft limit must be listed first. If only one limit is specified, both limits are set to this value.
rlimit_core	(UNIX only) Specifies the maximum CGI program core file size. A value of 0 disables writing cores. You can supply both current (soft) and maximum (hard) limits, separated by a comma. The soft limit must be listed first. If only one limit is specified, both limits are set to this value.
rlimit_nofile	(UNIX only) Specifies the maximum number of file descriptors for the CGI program. You can supply both current (soft) and maximum (hard) limits, separated by a comma. The soft limit must be listed first. If only one limit is specified, both limits are set to this value.
nice	(UNIX only) Accepts an increment that determines the CGI program's priority relative to the server. Typically, the server is run with a nice value of 0 and the nice increment would be between 0 (the CGI program runs at same priority as server) and 19 (the CGI program runs at much lower priority than server). While it is possible to increase the priority of the CGI program above that of the server by specifying a nice increment of -1, this is not recommended.
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

The following example uses variables defined in the server.xml file for the send-cgi parameters. For more information about defining variables, see the Sun ONE Application Server Administrator’s Configuration File Reference.

<Object name="default"> ... NameTrans fn="pfx2dir" from="/cgi-bin" dir="/home/foo.com/public_html/cgi-bin" name="cgi" ... </Object> <Object name="cgi"> ObjectType fn="force-type" type="magnus-internal/cgi" Service fn="send-cgi" user="$user" group="$group" dir="$dir" chroot="$chroot" nice="$nice" </Object>

send-file

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The send-file function sends the contents of the requested file to the client. It provides the content-type, content-length, and last-modified headers.

Most requests are handled by this function using the following directive (which usually comes last in the list of Service-class directives in the default object so that it acts as a default)

Service method="(GET|HEAD|POST)" type="*~magnus-internal/*" fn="send-file"

This directive is invoked if the method of the request is GET, HEAD, or POST, and the type does not start with magnus-internal/. Note here that the pattern *~ means “does not match.” For a list of characters that can be used in patterns, see Appendix B, "Wildcard Patterns".

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the send-file function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-50  send-file parameters

Parameter	Description
nocache	(optional) prevents the server from caching responses to static file requests. For example, you can specify that files in a particular directory are not to be cached, which is useful for directories where the files change frequently. The value you assign to this parameter is ignored. If you do not wish to use this parameter, leave it out.
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service type="*~magnus-internal/*" method="(GET|HEAD)" fn="send-file"

In the following example, the server does not cache static files from /export/somedir/ when requested by the URL prefix /myurl.

<Object name=default> ... NameTrans fn="pfx2dir" from="/myurl" dir="/export/mydir", name="myname" ... Service method=(GET|HEAD|POST) type=*~magnus-internal/* fn=send-file ... </Object> <Object name="myname"> Service method=(GET|HEAD) type=*~magnus-internal/* fn=send-file nocache="" </Object>

send-range

Applicable in Service-class directives.

When the client requests a portion of a document, by specifying HTTP byte ranges, the send-range function returns that portion.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the send-range function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-51  send-range parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn=send-range

send-shellcgi

Applicable in Service-class directives.

Windows only. The send-shellcgi function runs a file as a shell CGI program and sends the results to the client. Shell CGI is a server configuration that lets you run CGI applications using the file associations set in Windows. For information about shell CGI programs, consult the Sun ONE Application Server Administrator’s Guide.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the send-shellcgi function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-52  send-shellcgi parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn=send-shellcgi Service type=magnus-internal/cgi fn=send-shellcgi

send-wincgi

Applicable in Service-class directives.

Windows only. The send-wincgi function runs a file as a Windows CGI program and sends the results to the client. For information about Windows CGI programs, consult the Sun ONE Application Server Administrator’s Guide.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the send-wincgi function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-53  send-wincgi parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn=send-wincgi Service type=magnus-internal/cgi fn=send-wincgi

service-dump

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The service-dump function creates a performance report based on collected performance bucket data (see "The bucket Parameter").

To read the report, point the browser here:

http://host_name:port/.perf

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the service-dump function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-54  service-dump parameters

Parameter	Description
type	must be perf for this function
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

<Object name=default> NameTrans fn="assign-name" from="/.perf" name="perf" ... </Object> <Object name=perf> Service fn="service-dump" </Object>

See Also

stats-init

service-j2ee

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The service-j2ee function services requests made to Java web applications.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the service-j2ee function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-55  service-j2ee parameters

Parameter	Description
type	must be perf for this function
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

<Object name=default> NameTrans fn="ntrans-j2ee" name="j2ee" ... </Object> <Object name=j2ee> Service fn="service-j2ee" </Object>

See Also

init-j2ee, ntrans-j2ee, error-j2ee

service-passthrough

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The service-passthrough function forwards a request to another server for processing. This function can be configured to use SSL or non-SSL (HTTPS or HTTP) connections to the remote server independently of the type of connection the original request arrived on.

The service-passthrough function encodes information about the originating client that may be decoded by an auth-passthrough function running on the remote server. Use of auth-passthrough is optional.

When multiple remote servers are configured, service-passthrough chooses a single remote server from the list on a request-by-request basis.

The service-passthrough function treats some cookies and semicolon-delimited URI parameters as “sticky.” Once service-passthrough sees a sticky cookie or parameter, it inserts its own cookie (named JROUTE) or appends information to the parameter to ensure that all further requests from that client are directed to the same remote server. The default sticky cookies are JSESSIONID and JSESSIONIDSSO, and the default sticky parameter is jsessionid. These defaults ensure that once a remote application server generates a session for a given client, all further requests from that client are directed to the same application server.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the service-passthrough function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-56  service-passthrough parameters

Parameter	Description
servers	A quoted, space-delimited list of the servers that receive the forwarded requests. Individual server names may optionally be: Prefixed with http:// or https:// to indicate the desired protocol. Suffixed with a colon and an integer (for example :8000) to indicate the desired port.
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Here is a stand-alone example of the service-passthrough function:

Service fn="service-passthrough" servers="http://server1 http://server2"

A service-passthrough function is typically used in combination with other directives in the obj.conf configuration file as follows:

<Object name="passthrough"> ObjectType fn="force-type" type="magnus-internal/passthrough" PathCheck fn="deny-existence" path="*/WEB-INF/*" Service type="magnus-internal/passthrough" fn="service-passthrough" servers="http://192.168.1.100:8000 http://192.168.1.101:8000" Error reason="Bad Gateway" fn="send-error" uri="$docroot/badgateway.html" </Object> <Object name="default"> ... NameTrans fn="assign-name" from="(/webapp1|/webapp1/*)" name="passthrough" ... </Object>

This example forwards any request for the web application deployed at the URI /webapp1 to one of the backend application servers at IP addresses 192.168.1.100 and 192.168.1.101. If the backend application server is down, the local HTML file badgateway.html is displayed instead.

If you want the server running service-passthrough to serve files it has access to and forward only those requests it cannot satisfy to the backend application servers, change the ObjectType line as follows:

ObjectType fn="check-passthrough" type="magnus-internal/passthrough"

See Also

init-passthrough, auth-passthrough, check-passthrough, assign-name, force-type, deny-existence

shtml_send

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The shtml_send function parses an HTML document, scanning for embedded commands. These commands may provide information from the server, include the contents of other files, or execute a CGI program. The shtml_send function is only available when the Shtml plugin (libShtml.so on UNIX libShtml.dll on Windows) is loaded. Refer to the Sun ONE Application Server Developer’s Guide to Web Applications for server-parsed HTML commands.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the shtml_send function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-57  shtml_send parameters

Parameter	Description
ShtmlMaxDepth	maximum depth of include nesting allowed. The default value is 10.
addCgiInitVars	(UNIX only) if present and equal to yes (the default is no), adds the environment variables defined in the init-cgi SAF to the environment of any command executed through the SHTML exec tag.
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service type=magnus-internal/shtml_send method=(GET|HEAD) fn=shtml_send

upload-file

Applicable in Service-class directives.

The upload-file function uploads and saves a new file when the client sends a request whose method is PUT if the user is authorized and the server has the needed file system privileges.

When remote file manipulation is enabled in the server, the obj.conf file contains a Service-class function that invokes upload-file when the request method is PUT.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the upload-file function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-58  upload-file parameters

Parameter	Description
type	optional, common to all Service-class functions
method	optional, common to all Service-class functions
query	optional, common to all Service-class functions
UseOutputStreamSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
flushTimer	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestBufferSize	optional, common to all Service-class functions
ChunkedRequestTimeout	optional, common to all Service-class functions
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Service fn=upload-file

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AddLog Stage

After the server has responded to the request, the AddLog directives are executed to record information about the transaction.

If there is more than one AddLog directive, all are executed.

The following AddLog-class functions are described in detail in this section:

common-log records information about the request in the common log format.
flex-log records information about the request in a flexible, configurable format.
record-useragent records the client’s ip address and user-agent header.

common-log

Applicable in AddLog-class directives.

This function records request-specific data in the common log format (used by most HTTP servers). There is a log analyzer in the /extras/log_anly directory for Sun ONE Application Server.

The common log must have been initialized previously by the init-clf function. For information about rotating logs, see flex-rotate-init.

There are also a number of free statistics generators for the common log format.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the common-log function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-59  common-log parameters

Parameter	Description
name	(optional) gives the name of a log file, which must have been given as a parameter to the init-clf function in init.conf. If no name is given, the entry is recorded in the global log file.
iponly	(optional) instructs the server to log the IP address of the remote client rather than looking up and logging the DNS name. This will improve performance if DNS is off in the init.conf file. The value of iponly has no significance, as long as it exists; you may use iponly=1.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

# Log all accesses to the global log file AddLog fn=common-log # Log accesses from outside our subnet (198.93.5.*) to # nonlocallog <Client ip="*~198.93.5.*"> AddLog fn=common-log name=nonlocallog </Client>

See Also

flex-init, init-clf, record-useragent, flex-log, flex-rotate-init

flex-log

Applicable in AddLog-class directives.

This function records request-specific data in a flexible log format. It may also record requests in the common log format. There is a log analyzer in the /extras/flexanlg directory for Sun ONE Application Server.

There are also a number of free statistics generators for the common log format.

The log format is specified by the flex-init function call. For information about rotating logs, see flex-rotate-init.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the flex-log function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-60  flex-log parameters

Parameter	Description
name	(optional) gives the name of a log file, which must have been given as a parameter to the flex-init function in init.conf. If no name is given, the entry is recorded in the global log file.
iponly	(optional) instructs the server to log the IP address of the remote client rather than looking up and logging the DNS name. This will improve performance if DNS is off in the init.conf file. The value of iponly has no significance, as long as it exists; you may use iponly=1.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

# Log all accesses to the global log file AddLog fn=flex-log # Log accesses from outside our subnet (198.93.5.*) to # nonlocallog <Client ip="*~198.93.5.*"> AddLog fn=flex-log name=nonlocallog </Client>

See Also

flex-init, init-clf, common-log, record-useragent, flex-rotate-init

record-useragent

Applicable in AddLog-class directives.

The record-useragent function records the IP address of the client, followed by its User-Agent HTTP header. This indicates what version of the client was used for this transaction. For information about rotating logs, see flex-rotate-init.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the record-useragent function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-61  record-useragent parameters

Parameter	Description
name	(optional) gives the name of a log file, which must have been given as a parameter to the init-clf function in init.conf. If no name is given, the entry is recorded in the global log file.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

# Record the client ip address and user-agent to browserlog AddLog fn=record-useragent name=browserlog

See Also

flex-init, init-clf, common-log, flex-log, flex-rotate-init

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Error Stage

If a server application function results in an error, it sets the HTTP response status code and returns the value REQ_ABORTED. When this happens, the server stops processing the request. Instead, it searches for an Error directive matching the HTTP response status code or its associated reason phrase, and executes the directive’s function. If the server does not find a matching Error directive, it returns the response status code to the client.

The following Error-class functions are described in detail in this section:

error-j2ee handles errors that occur during execution of J2EE applications and modules deployed to the Sun ONE Application Server.
send-error sends an HTML file to the client in place of a specific HTTP response status.
qos-error returns an error page stating which quality of service limits caused the error and what the value of the QOS statistic was.

error-j2ee

Applicable in Error-class directives.

The error-j2ee function handles errors that occur during execution of web applications deployed to the Sun ONE Application Server individually or as part of full J2EE applications.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the error-j2ee function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-62  error-j2ee parameters

Parameter	Description
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

See Also

init-j2ee, ntrans-j2ee, service-j2ee

send-error

Applicable in Error-class directives.

The send-error function sends an HTML file to the client in place of a specific HTTP response status. This allows the server to present a friendly message describing the problem. The HTML page may contain images and links to the server’s home page or other pages.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the send-error function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-63  send-error parameters

Parameter	Description
path	specifies the full file system path of an HTML file to send to the client. The file is sent as text/html regardless of its name or actual type. If the file does not exist, the server sends a simple default error page.
reason	(optional) is the text of one of the reason strings (such as “Unauthorized” or “Forbidden”). The string is not case sensitive.
code	(optional) is a three-digit number representing the HTTP response status code, such as 401 or 407. This can be any HTTP response status code or reason phrase according to the HTTP specification. The following is a list of common HTTP response status codes and reason strings. 401 Unauthorized. 403 Forbidden. 404 Not Found. 500 Server Error.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Example

Error fn=send-error code=401 path=/Sun/AppServer7/domains/domain1/server1/docs/errors/401.html

qos-error

Applicable in Error-class directives.

The qos-error function returns an error page stating which quality of service limits caused the error and what the value of the QOS statistic was.

For more information, see the performance chapter of the Sun ONE Application Server Administrator’s Guide.

Parameters

The following table describes parameters for the qos-error function. The left column lists the parameter name, and the right column describes what the parameter does.

Table 2-64  qos-error parameters

Parameter	Description
code	(optional) is a three-digit number representing the HTTP response status code, such as 401 or 407. The recommended value is 503. This can be any HTTP response status code or reason phrase according to the HTTP specification. The following is a list of common HTTP response status codes and reason strings. 401 Unauthorized. 403 Forbidden. 404 Not Found. 500 Server Error.
bucket	optional, common to all obj.conf functions

Examples

Error fn=qos-error code=503

See Also

qos-handler

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