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Managing sendmail Services in Oracle Solaris 11.1     Oracle Solaris 11.1 Information Library
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Document Information

Preface

1.  Mail Services (Overview)

2.  Mail Services (Tasks)

3.  Mail Services (Reference)

Oracle Solaris Version of sendmail

Flags Used and Not Used to Compile sendmail

MILTER, Mail Filter API for sendmail

Alternative sendmail Commands

Versions of the Configuration File

Software and Hardware Components of Mail Services

Software Components

Mail User Agent

Mail Transfer Agent

Local Delivery Agent

Mailers and sendmail

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Mailers

UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program (UUCP) Mailers

Mail Addresses

Domains and Subdomains

Name Service Domain Name and Mail Domain Name

Typical Format for Mail Addresses

Route-Independent Mail Addresses

Mailbox Files

Mail Aliases

Hardware Components

Mail Host

Mail Server

Mail Client

Mail Gateway

Mail Service Programs and Files

Enhancement for vacation Utility

Contents of the /usr/bin Directory

Contents of the /etc/mail Directory

Contents of the /etc/mail/cf Directory

Contents of the /usr/lib Directory

Other Files Used for Mail Services

Interactions of Mail Programs

sendmail Program

sendmail and Its Rerouting Mechanisms

sendmail Features

sendmail Configuration File

Mail Alias Files

.mailrc Aliases

/etc/mail/aliases File

NIS aliases Map

.forward Files

Situations to Avoid

Controls for .forward files

.forward.hostname File

.forward+detail File

/etc/default/sendmail File

Mail Addresses and Mail Routing

Interactions of sendmail With Name Services

sendmail.cf and Mail Domains

sendmail and Name Services

Mail Domains and Name Service Domains

Requirements for Name Services

Interactions of NIS and sendmail

Interactions of sendmail With NIS and DNS

Changes in Version 8.14 of sendmail

Changes in Version 8.13 of sendmail

Support for Running SMTP With TLS in Version 8.13 of sendmail

Configuration File Options for Running SMTP With TLS

Macros for Running SMTP With TLS

Rule Sets for Running SMTP With TLS

Security Considerations Related to Running SMTP With TLS

Additional Command-Line Options in Version 8.13 of sendmail

Additional and Revised Configuration File Options in Version 8.13 of sendmail

Additional and Revised FEATURE() Declarations in Version 8.13 of sendmail

Changes From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Support for TCP Wrappers From Version 8.12 of sendmail

submit.cf Configuration File From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Functions That Distinguish sendmail.cf From submit.cf

Functional Changes From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional or Deprecated Command-Line Options From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional Arguments for the PidFile and ProcessTitlePrefix Options From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional Defined Macros From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional Macros From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional MAX Macros From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional and Revised m4 Configuration Macros From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Changes to the FEATURE() Declaration From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Changes to the MAILER() Declaration From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional Delivery Agent Flags From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional Equates for Delivery Agents From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional Queue Features From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Changes for LDAP From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Change to the Built-In Mailer From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Additional Rule Sets From Version 8.12 of sendmail

Changes to Files From Version 8.12 of sendmail

sendmail Version 8.12 and IPv6 Addresses in Configuration

Index

Oracle Solaris Version of sendmail

This section, which includes the following topics, describes some of the differences in the Oracle Solaris version of sendmail as compared to the generic Berkeley version.

Flags Used and Not Used to Compile sendmail

The following flags are used to compile sendmail. If your configuration requires other flags, you need to download the source and recompile the binary. You can find information about this process at http://www.sendmail.org.

Table 3-1 General sendmail Flags

Flag
Description
SOLARIS=21000
Support for the Solaris 10 release.
MILTER
Support for the Mail Filter API. In version 8.13 of sendmail, this flag is enabled by default. See MILTER, Mail Filter API for sendmail.
NETINET6
Support for IPv6. This flag has been moved from conf.h to Makefile.

Table 3-2 Maps and Database Types

Flag
Description
NDBM
Support for ndbm databases
NEWDB
Support for Berkeley DB databases
USERDB
Support for the user database
NIS
Support for nis databases
NISPLUS
Support for nisplus databases
LDAPMAP
Support for LDAP maps
MAP_REGEX
Support for regular expression maps

Table 3-3 OS Flags

Flag
Description
SUN_EXTENSIONS
Support for extensions that are included in sun_compat.o.
SUN_INIT_DOMAIN
For backward compatibility, support for the use of NIS domain names to fully qualify the local host name. For more information, look for vendor-specific information in http://www.sendmail.org.
SUN_SIMPLIFIED_LDAP
Support for a simplified LDAP API, which is specific to Sun. For more information, look for vendor-specific information in http://www.sendmail.org.
VENDOR_DEFAULT=VENDOR_SUN
Selects Sun as the default vendor.

The following table lists generic flags that are not used to compile the version of sendmail.

Table 3-4 Generic Flags Not Used in This Version of sendmail

Flag
Description
SASL
Simple Authentication and Security Layer (RFC 2554)
STARTTLS
Transaction Level Security (RFC 2487)

To see a list of the flags that are used to compile sendmail, use the following command.

% /usr/lib/sendmail -bt -d0.10 < /dev/null

Note - The preceding command does not list the flags that are specific to Sun.


MILTER, Mail Filter API for sendmail

MILTER, sendmail's Mail Filter API, enables third-party programs to access mail messages as they are being processed to filter meta-information and content. You do not need to build the filter and configure sendmail to use it. This API is enabled by default in version 8.13 of sendmail.

For more details, see the following:

Alternative sendmail Commands

The Oracle Solaris release does not include all of the command synonyms that are provided in the generic release from sendmail.org. This table includes a complete list of the command aliases. The table also lists whether the commands are included in the Oracle Solaris release and how to generate the same behavior by using sendmail.

Table 3-5 Alternate sendmail Commands

Alternate Name
In This Release?
Options With sendmail
hoststat
No
sendmail -bh
mailq
Yes
sendmail -bp
newaliases
Yes
sendmail -bi
purgestat
No
sendmail -bH
smtpd
No
sendmail -bd

Versions of the Configuration File

sendmail includes a configuration option that enables you to define the version of the sendmail.cf file. This option enables older configuration files to be used with the current version of sendmail. You can set the version level to values between 0 and 10. You can also define the vendor. Either Berkeley or Sun is a valid vendor option. If a version level is specified but no vendor is defined, Sun is used as the default vendor setting. The following table lists some of the valid options.

Table 3-6 Version Values for the Configuration File

Field
Description
V7/Sun
Setting that was used for version 8.8 of sendmail.
V8/Sun
Setting that was used for version 8.9 of sendmail. This setting was included in the Solaris 8 release.
V9/Sun
Setting that was used for versions 8.10 and 8.11 of sendmail.
V10/Sun
Setting that is used for version 8.12, 8.13 and 8.14 versions of sendmail. Version 8.12 is the default for the Solaris 9 release. Starting in the Solaris 10 release, version 8.13 is the default. Version 8.14 is the default for the Oracle Solaris 11 release.

Note - You are urged not to use V1/Sun. For more information, refer to http://www.sendmail.org/vendor/sun/differences.html#4.


For task information, refer to Changing the sendmail Configuration in Chapter 2, Mail Services (Tasks).