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Oracle Solaris 11.1 Administration: Security Services     Oracle Solaris 11.1 Information Library
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Document Information

Preface

Part I Security Overview

1.  Security Services (Overview)

Part II System, File, and Device Security

2.  Managing Machine Security (Overview)

3.  Controlling Access to Systems (Tasks)

4.  Virus Scanning Service (Tasks)

5.  Controlling Access to Devices (Tasks)

6.  Verifying File Integrity by Using BART (Tasks)

7.  Controlling Access to Files (Tasks)

Part III Roles, Rights Profiles, and Privileges

8.  Using Roles and Privileges (Overview)

9.  Using Role-Based Access Control (Tasks)

10.  Security Attributes in Oracle Solaris (Reference)

Part IV Cryptographic Services

11.  Cryptographic Framework (Overview)

12.  Cryptographic Framework (Tasks)

13.  Key Management Framework

Part V Authentication Services and Secure Communication

14.  Using Pluggable Authentication Modules

15.  Using Secure Shell

16.  Secure Shell (Reference)

17.  Using Simple Authentication and Security Layer

18.  Network Services Authentication (Tasks)

Part VI Kerberos Service

19.  Introduction to the Kerberos Service

20.  Planning for the Kerberos Service

21.  Configuring the Kerberos Service (Tasks)

Configuring the Kerberos Service (Task Map)

Configuring Additional Kerberos Services (Task Map)

Configuring KDC Servers

How to Automatically Configure a Master KDC

How to Interactively Configure a Master KDC

How to Manually Configure a Master KDC

How to Configure a KDC to Use an LDAP Data Server

How to Automatically Configure a Slave KDC

How to Interactively Configure a Slave KDC

How to Manually Configure a Slave KDC

How to Refresh the Ticket-Granting Service Keys on a Master Server

Configuring Cross-Realm Authentication

How to Establish Hierarchical Cross-Realm Authentication

How to Establish Direct Cross-Realm Authentication

Configuring Kerberos Network Application Servers

How to Configure a Kerberos Network Application Server

How to Use the Generic Security Service With Kerberos When Running FTP

Configuring Kerberos NFS Servers

How to Configure Kerberos NFS Servers

How to Create a Credential Table

How to Add a Single Entry to the Credential Table

How to Provide Credential Mapping Between Realms

How to Set Up a Secure NFS Environment With Multiple Kerberos Security Modes

Configuring Kerberos Clients

Configuring Kerberos Clients (Task Map)

How to Create a Kerberos Client Installation Profile

How to Automatically Configure a Kerberos Client

How to Interactively Configure a Kerberos Client

How to Configure a Kerberos Client for an Active Directory Server

How to Manually Configure a Kerberos Client

How to Disable Verification of the Ticket-Granting Ticket

How to Access a Kerberos Protected NFS File System as the root User

How to Configure Automatic Migration of Users in a Kerberos Realm

How to Configure Account Lockout

How to Automatically Renew All Ticket-Granting Tickets (TGTs)

Synchronizing Clocks Between KDCs and Kerberos Clients

Swapping a Master KDC and a Slave KDC

How to Configure a Swappable Slave KDC

How to Swap a Master KDC and a Slave KDC

Administering the Kerberos Database

Backing Up and Propagating the Kerberos Database

The kpropd.acl File

The kprop_script Command

How to Back Up the Kerberos Database

How to Restore the Kerberos Database

How to Convert a Kerberos Database After a Server Upgrade

How to Reconfigure a Master KDC to Use Incremental Propagation

How to Reconfigure a Slave KDC to Use Incremental Propagation

How to Configure a Slave KDC to Use Full Propagation

How to Verify That the KDC Servers Are Synchronized

How to Manually Propagate the Kerberos Database to the Slave KDCs

Setting Up Parallel Propagation

Configuration Steps for Setting Up Parallel Propagation

Administering the Stash File

How to Remove a Stash File

How to Employ a New Master Key

Managing a KDC on an LDAP Directory Server

How to Mix Kerberos Principal Attributes in a Non-Kerberos Object Class Type

How to Destroy a Realm on an LDAP Directory Server

Increasing Security on Kerberos Servers

How to Restrict Access to KDC Servers

How to Use a Dictionary File to Increase Password Security

22.  Kerberos Error Messages and Troubleshooting

23.  Administering Kerberos Principals and Policies (Tasks)

24.  Using Kerberos Applications (Tasks)

25.  The Kerberos Service (Reference)

Part VII Auditing in Oracle Solaris

26.  Auditing (Overview)

27.  Planning for Auditing

28.  Managing Auditing (Tasks)

29.  Auditing (Reference)

Glossary

Index

Increasing Security on Kerberos Servers

Follow these steps to increase security on Kerberos application servers and on KDC servers.

Table 21-4 Increasing Security on Kerberos Servers (Task Map)

Task
Description
For Instructions
Restrict access to the KDC servers.
Increases the security of the KDC servers and their data.
Increase password security by using a dictionary file.
Increases the security of any new passwords by checking the new password against a dictionary.

How to Restrict Access to KDC Servers

Both master KDC servers and slave KDC servers have copies of the KDC database stored locally. Restricting access to these servers so that the databases are secure is important to the overall security of the Kerberos installation.

Before You Begin

You must assume the root role. For more information, see How to Use Your Assigned Administrative Rights.

  1. Restrict access to the hardware that supports the KDC.

    To restrict physical access, make sure that the KDC server and its monitor are located in a secure facility. Users should not be able to access this server in any way.

  2. Store KDC database backups on local disks or on the KDC slaves.

    Make tape backups of your KDC only if the tapes are stored securely. Follow the same practice for copies of keytab files. It would be best to store these files on a local file system that is not shared with other systems. The storage file system can be on either the master KDC server or any of the slave KDCs.

How to Use a Dictionary File to Increase Password Security

A dictionary file can be used by the Kerberos service to prevent words in the dictionary from being used as passwords when creating new credentials. Preventing the use of dictionary terms as passwords makes it harder for someone else to guess any password. By default the /var/krb5/kadm5.dict file is used, but it is empty.

Before You Begin

You must assume the root role. For more information, see How to Use Your Assigned Administrative Rights.

  1. Edit the KDC configuration file (kdc.conf).

    You need add a line to instruct the service to use a dictionary file. In this example, the dictionary that is included with the spell utility is used. See the kdc.conf(4) man page for a full description of the configuration file.

    kdc1 # cat /etc/krb5/kdc.conf
    [kdcdefaults]
            kdc_ports = 88,750
    
    [realms]
            EXAMPLE.COM = {
                    profile = /etc/krb5/krb5.conf
                    database_name = /var/krb5/principal
                    acl_file = /etc/krb5/kadm5.acl
                    kadmind_port = 749
                    max_life = 8h 0m 0s
                    max_renewable_life = 7d 0h 0m 0s
                    sunw_dbprop_enable = true
                    sunw_dbprop_master_ulogsize = 1000
                    dict_file = /usr/share/lib/dict/words
                    }
  2. Restart the Kerberos daemons.
    kdc1 # svcadm restart -r network/security/krb5kdc
    kdc1 # svcadm restart -r network/security/kadmin