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Multithreaded Programming Guide     Oracle Solaris 11.1 Information Library
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Document Information

Preface

1.  Covering Multithreading Basics

2.  Basic Threads Programming

3.  Thread Attributes

4.  Programming with Synchronization Objects

5.  Programming With the Oracle Solaris Software

6.  Programming With Oracle Solaris Threads

Comparing APIs for Oracle Solaris Threads and POSIX Threads

Major API Differences

Function Comparison Table

Unique Oracle Solaris Threads Functions

Suspending Thread Execution

thr_suspend Syntax

thr_suspend Return Values

Continuing a Suspended Thread

thr_continue Syntax

thr_continue Return Values

Similar Synchronization Functions: Read-Write Locks

Initialize a Read-Write Lock

rwlock_init Syntax

Initializing Read-Write Locks With Intraprocess Scope

Initializing Read-Write Locks With Interprocess Scope

rwlock_init Return Values

Acquiring a Read Lock

rw_rdlock Syntax

rw_rdlock Return Values

Trying to Acquire a Read Lock

rw_tryrdlock Syntax

rw_tryrdlock Return Values

Acquiring a Write Lock

rw_wrlock Syntax

rw_wrlock Return Values

Trying to Acquire a Write Lock

rw_trywrlock Syntax

rw_trywrlock Return Values

Unlock a Read-Write Lock

rw_unlock Syntax

rw_unlock Return Values

Destroying the Read-Write Lock State

rwlock_destroy Syntax

rwlock_destroy Return Values

Similar Oracle Solaris Threads Functions

Creating a Thread

thr_create Syntax

thr_create Return Values

Getting the Minimal Stack Size

thr_min_stack Syntax

thr_min_stack Return Values

Acquiring the Thread Identifier

thr_self Syntax

thr_self Return Values

Yield Thread Execution

thr_yield Syntax

thr_yield Return Values

Send a Signal to a Thread

thr_kill Syntax

thr_kill Return Values

Access the Signal Mask of the Calling Thread

thr_sigsetmask Syntax

thr_sigsetmask Return Values

Terminate a Thread

thr_exit Syntax

thr_exit Return Values

Wait for Thread Termination

thr_join Syntax

thr_join, Join Specific

thr_join, Join Any

thr_join Return Values

Creating a Thread-Specific Data Key

thr_keycreate Syntax

thr_keycreate Return Values

Setting the Thread-Specific Data Value

thr_setspecific Syntax

thr_setspecific Return Values

Getting the Thread-Specific Data Value

thr_getspecific Syntax

thr_getspecific Return Values

Set the Thread Priority

thr_setprio Syntax

thr_setprio Return Values

Get the Thread Priority

thr_getprio Syntax

thr_getprio Return Values

Similar Synchronization Functions: Mutual Exclusion Locks

Initialize a Mutex

mutex_init(3C) Syntax

Mutexes With Intraprocess Scope

Mutexes With Interprocess Scope

Mutexes With Interprocess Scope-Robust

mutex_init Return Values

Destroy a Mutex

mutex_destroy Syntax

mutex_destroy Return Values

Acquiring a Mutex

mutex_lock Syntax

mutex_lock Return Values

Releasing a Mutex

mutex_unlock Syntax

mutex_unlock Return Values

Trying to Acquire a Mutex

mutex_trylock Syntax

mutex_trylock Return Values

Similar Synchronization Functions: Condition Variables

Initialize a Condition Variable

cond_init Syntax

Condition Variables With Intraprocess Scope

Condition Variables With Interprocess Scope

cond_init Return Values

Destroying a Condition Variable

cond_destroy Syntax

cond_destroy Return Values

Waiting for a Condition

cond_wait Syntax

cond_wait Return Values

Wait for an Absolute Time

cond_timedwait Syntax

cond_timedwait Return Values

Waiting for a Time Interval

cond_reltimedwait Syntax

cond_reltimedwait Return Values

Unblock One Thread

cond_signal Syntax

cond_signal Return Values

Unblock All Threads

cond_broadcast Syntax

cond_broadcast Return Values

Similar Synchronization Functions: Semaphores

Initialize a Semaphore

sema_init Syntax

Semaphores With Intraprocess Scope

Semaphores With Interprocess Scope

sema_init Return Values

Increment a Semaphore

sema_post Syntax

sema_post Return Values

Block on a Semaphore Count

sema_wait Syntax

sema_wait Return Values

Decrement a Semaphore Count

sema_trywait Syntax

sema_trywait Return Values

Destroy the Semaphore State

sema_destroy(3C) Syntax

sema_destroy(3C) Return Values

Synchronizing Across Process Boundaries

Example of Producer and Consumer Problem

Special Issues for fork() and Oracle Solaris Threads

7.  Safe and Unsafe Interfaces

8.  Compiling and Debugging

9.  Programming Guidelines

A.  Extended Example: A Thread Pool Implementation

Index

Unique Oracle Solaris Threads Functions

This section describes unique Oracle Solaris threads functions: suspending thread execution and continuing a suspended thread.

Suspending Thread Execution

thr_suspend(3C) immediately suspends the execution of the thread specified by target_thread. On successful return from thr_suspend(), the suspended thread is no longer executing.

Because thr_suspend() suspends the target thread with no regard to the locks that the thread might be holding, you must use thr_suspend() with extreme care. If the suspending thread calls a function that requires a lock held by the suspended target thread, deadlock will result.

thr_suspend Syntax

#include <thread.h>

int thr_suspend(thread_t tid);

After a thread is suspended, subsequent calls to thr_suspend() have no effect. Signals cannot awaken the suspended thread. The signals remain pending until the thread resumes execution.

In the following synopsis, pthread_t tid as defined in pthreads is the same as thread_t tid in Oracle Solaris threads. tid values can be used interchangeably either by assignment or through the use of casts.

thread_t tid; /* tid from thr_create() */

/* pthreads equivalent of Solaris tid from thread created */
/* with pthread_create() */
pthread_t ptid; 

int ret;

ret = thr_suspend(tid);

/* using pthreads ID variable with a cast */
ret = thr_suspend((thread_t) ptid); 

thr_suspend Return Values

thr_suspend() returns zero after completing successfully. Any other return value indicates that an error occurred. When the following condition occurs, thr_suspend() fails and returns the corresponding value.

ESRCH

Description: tid cannot be found in the current process.

Continuing a Suspended Thread

thr_continue(3C) resumes the execution of a suspended thread. Once a suspended thread is continued, subsequent calls to thr_continue() have no effect.

thr_continue Syntax

#include <thread.h>

int thr_continue(thread_t tid);

A suspended thread is not awakened by a signal. The signal remains pending until the execution of the thread is resumed by thr_continue() .

pthread_t tid as defined in pthreads is the same as thread_t tid in Oracle Solaris threads. tid values can be used interchangeably either by assignment or through the use of casts.

thread_t tid; /* tid from thr_create()*/

/* pthreads equivalent of Oracle Solaris tid from thread created */
/* with pthread_create()*/
pthread_t ptid;

int ret;

ret = thr_continue(tid);

/* using pthreads ID variable with a cast */
ret = thr_continue((thread_t) ptid) 

thr_continue Return Values

thr_continue() returns zero after completing successfully. Any other return value indicates that an error occurred. When the following condition occurs, thr_continue() fails and returns the corresponding value.

ESRCH

Description: tid cannot be found in the current process.