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System Administration Guide: Devices and File Systems     Oracle Solaris 10 1/13 Information Library
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Document Information

Preface

1.  Managing Removable Media (Overview/Tasks)

2.  Writing CDs and DVDs (Tasks)

3.  Managing Devices (Tasks)

4.  Dynamically Configuring Devices (Tasks)

5.  Managing USB Devices (Tasks)

6.  Using InfiniBand Devices (Overview/Tasks)

7.  Managing Disks (Overview)

8.  Managing Disk Use (Tasks)

9.  Administering Disks (Tasks)

10.  SPARC: Setting Up Disks (Tasks)

11.  x86: Setting Up Disks (Tasks)

12.  Configuring Oracle Solaris iSCSI Targets (Tasks)

13.  The format Utility (Reference)

Recommendations and Requirements for Using the format Utility

format Menu and Command Descriptions

partition Menu

x86: fdisk Menu

analyze Menu

defect Menu

Rules for Input to format Commands

Specifying Numbers to format Commands

Specifying format Command Names

Specifying Disk Names to format Commands

Getting Help on the format Utility

14.  Managing File Systems (Overview)

15.  Creating and Mounting File Systems (Tasks)

16.  Configuring Additional Swap Space (Tasks)

17.  Checking UFS File System Consistency (Tasks)

18.  UFS File System (Reference)

19.  Backing Up and Restoring UFS File Systems (Overview/Tasks)

20.  Using UFS Snapshots (Tasks)

21.  Copying Files and File Systems (Tasks)

22.  Managing Tape Drives (Tasks)

23.  UFS Backup and Restore Commands (Reference)

Index

format Menu and Command Descriptions

The format menu contents are displayed as follows:

FORMAT MENU:
        disk       - select a disk
        type       - select (define) a disk type
        partition  - select (define) a partition table
        current    - describe the current disk
        format     - format and analyze the disk
        fdisk      - run the fdisk program (x86 only)
        repair     - repair a defective sector
        label      - write label to the disk
        analyze    - surface analysis
        defect     - defect list management
        backup     - search for backup labels
        verify     - read and display labels
        save       - save new disk/partition definitions
        inquiry    - show vendor, product and revision
        volname    - set 8-character volume name
        !<cmd>     - execute <cmd>, then return
        quit
format> 

The following table describes the main menu items for the format utility.

Table 13-1 The Main Menu Item Descriptions for the format Utility

Menu Item
Command or Menu?
Description
disk
Command
Lists all of the system's drives. Also lets you choose the disk you want to use in subsequent operations. This disk is referred to as the current disk.
type
Command
Identifies the manufacturer and model of the current disk. Also displays a list of known drive types. Choose the Auto configure option for all SCSI-2 disk drives.
partition
Menu
Creates and modifies slices. For more information, see partition Menu.
current
Command
Displays the following information about the current disk:
  • Device name and device type

  • Number of cylinders, alternate cylinders, heads and sectors

  • Physical device name

format
Command
Formats the current disk by using one of these sources of information in this order:
  1. Information that is found in the format.dat file

  2. Information from the automatic configuration process

  3. Information that you type at the prompt if no format.dat entry exists

This command does not apply to IDE disks. IDE disks are preformatted by the manufacturer.

fdisk
Menu
x86 platform only: Runs the fdisk program to create a Solaris fdisk partition.

The fdisk command cannot be used on disks with an EFI label that are greater than 1 terabyte in size.

repair
Command
Repairs a specific block on the current disk.
label
Command
Writes a new label to the current disk.
analyze
Menu
Runs read, write, and compare tests. For more information, see analyze Menu.
defect
Menu
Retrieves and displays defect lists. For more information, see defect Menu. This feature does not apply to IDE disks. IDE disks manage defects automatically.
backup
Command
VTOC – Searches for backup labels.

EFI – Not supported.

verify
Command
Displays the following information about the current disk:
  • Device name and device type

  • Number of cylinders, alternate cylinders, heads and sectors

  • Partition table

save
Command
VTOC – Saves new disk and partition information.

EFI – Not applicable.

inquiry
Command
SCSI disks only – Displays the vendor, product name, and revision level of the current drive.
volname
Command
Labels the disk with a new eight-character volume name that you specify.
quit
Command
Exits the format menu.

partition Menu

The partition menu contents are displayed as follows:

format> partition
PARTITION MENU:
        0      - change `0' partition
        1      - change `1' partition
        2      - change `2' partition
        3      - change `3' partition
        4      - change `4' partition
        5      - change `5' partition
        6      - change `6' partition
        7      - change `7' partition
        select - select a predefined table
        modify - modify a predefined partition table
        name   - name the current table
        print  - display the current table
        label  - write partition map and label to the disk
        quit
partition> 

The following table describes the partition menu items.

Table 13-2 Descriptions for partition Menu Items

Subcommand
Description
change `n' partition
Enables you to specify the following information for the new partition:
  • Identification tag

  • Permission flags

  • Starting cylinder

  • Size

select
Enables you to choose a predefined partition table.
modify
Enables you to change all the slices in the partition table. This command is preferred over the individual change `x' partition commands.
name
Enables you to specify a name for the current partition table.
print
Displays the current partition table.
label
Writes the partition map and the label to the current disk.
quit
Exits the partition menu.

x86: fdisk Menu

The fdisk menu is available on x86 based systems only and appears similar to the following.

format> fdisk
            Total disk size is 8924 cylinders
             Cylinder size is 16065 (512 byte) blocks

                                               Cylinders
      Partition   Status    Type          Start   End   Length    %
      =========   ======    ============  =====   ===   ======   ===
          1                 EFI               0  8924    8925    100




SELECT ONE OF THE FOLLOWING:
   1. Create a partition
   2. Specify the active partition
   3. Delete a partition
   4. Change between Solaris and Solaris2 Partition IDs
   5. Edit/View extended partitions
   6. Exit (update disk configuration and exit)
   7. Cancel (exit without updating disk configuration)
Enter Selection: 

The following table describes the fdisk menu items.

Table 13-3 x86: Descriptions for fdisk Menu Items

Menu Item
Description
Create a partition
Creates an fdisk partition. You must create a separate partition for each OS such as Oracle Solaris or DOS. There is a maximum of four partitions per disk. You are prompted for the size of the fdisk partition as a percentage of the disk.
Specify the active partition
Enables you to specify the partition to be used for booting. This menu item identifies where the first stage boot program looks for the second stage boot program.
Delete a partition
Deletes a previously created partition. This command destroys all the data in the partition.
Change between Solaris and Solaris2 Partition IDs
Changes partition IDs from 130 (0x82) to 191 (0xbf) and back again.
Edit/View extended partitions
Manages partition information that is generally used for booting.
Exit (update disk configuration and exit)
Writes a new version of the partition table and exits the fdisk menu.
Cancel (exit without updating disk configuration)
Exits the fdisk menu without modifying the partition table.

analyze Menu

The analyze menu contents are displayed as follows:

format> analyze
 
ANALYZE MENU:
    read     - read only test   (doesn't harm SunOS)
    refresh  - read then write  (doesn't harm data)
    test     - pattern testing  (doesn't harm data)
    write    - write then read      (corrupts data)
    compare  - write, read, compare (corrupts data)
    purge    - write, read, write   (corrupts data)
    verify   - write entire disk, then verify (corrupts data)
    print    - display data buffer
    setup    - set analysis parameters
    config   - show analysis parameters
    quit
analyze> 

The following table describes the analyze menu items.

Table 13-4 Descriptions for analyze Menu Items

Subcommand
Description
read
Reads each sector on the current disk. Repairs defective blocks as a default.
refresh
Reads then writes data on the current disk without harming the data. Repairs defective blocks as a default.
test
Writes a set of patterns to the disk without harming the data. Repairs defective blocks as a default.
write
Writes a set of patterns to the disk then reads back the data on the disk. Destroys existing data on the disk. Repairs defective blocks as a default.
compare
Writes a set of patterns to the disk, reads back the data, and then compares it to the data in the write buffer. Destroys existing data on the disk. Repairs defective blocks as a default.
purge
Removes all data from the disk so that the data cannot be retrieved by any means. Data is removed by writing three distinct patterns over the entire disk (or a section of the disk). If the verification passes, a hex-bit pattern is written over the entire disk (or a section of the disk).

Repairs defective blocks as a default.

verify
In the first pass, writes unique data to each block on the entire disk. In the next pass, reads and verifies the data. Destroys existing data on the disk. Repairs defective blocks as a default.
print
Displays the data in the read/write buffer.
setup
Enables you to specify the following analysis parameters:
Analyze entire disk? yes
Starting block number: depends on drive
Ending block number: depends on drive
Loop continuously? no
Number of passes: 2
    Repair defective blocks? yes
Stop after first error? no
Use random bit patterns? no
Number of blocks per transfer: 126 (0/n/nn)
Verify media after formatting? yes
Enable extended messages? no
Restore defect list? yes
Restore disk label? yes
config
Displays the current analysis parameters.
quit
Exits the analyze menu.

defect Menu

The defect menu contents are displayed as follows:

format> defect
 
DEFECT MENU:
        primary  - extract manufacturer's defect list
        grown    - extract manufacturer's and repaired defects lists
        both     - extract both primary and grown defects lists
        print    - display working list
        dump     - dump working list to file
        quit
defect> 

The following table describes the defect menu items.

Table 13-5 The defect Menu Item Descriptions

Subcommand
Description
primary
Reads the manufacturer's defect list from the disk drive and updates the in-memory defect list.
grown
Reads the grown defect list and then updates the in-memory defect list. Grown defects are defects that have been detected during analysis.
both
Reads both the manufacturer's defect list and the grown defect list. Then, updates the in-memory defect list.
print
Displays the in-memory defect list.
dump
Saves the in-memory defect list to a file.
quit
Exits the defect menu.