x86: Setting Up Disks for UFS File Systems (Task Map)

The following task map identifies the procedures for setting up a disk for a UFS root file system or a disk for a UFS file system on an x86 based system.

Task	Description	For Instructions
1. Connect the disk.	Disk for a UFS root file system Connect the new disk and boot from a local or remote Oracle Solaris DVD.	x86: How to Set Up a Disk for a UFS Root File System
	Disk for a UFS file system Connect the disk.	x86: How to Connect a Disk for a UFS File System
2. Create or change the `fdisk` partition	The disk for an x86 based system must contain an `fdisk` partition.
3. Create slices and label the disk.	Create disk slices and label the disk if the disk manufacturer has not already done so.	x86: How to Create a Solaris `fdisk` Partition and x86: How to Create Disk Slices for UFS File Systems
4. Create UFS file systems.	Create UFS file systems on the disk slices with the `newfs` command. You must re-create the root (`/`) or `/usr` file system (or both).	x86: How to Create a UFS File System
5. Restore UFS file systems.	Restore the UFS root (`/`) or `/usr` file system (or both) on the system disk. If necessary, restore file systems on other disks	Restoring UFS Files and File System Backups (Task Map)
6. Install boot blocks for a UFS root file system.	Install the boot blocks on the root (`/`) file system so that the system can boot.	x86: How to Install Boot Blocks for a UFS Root File System

x86: Setting Up Disks for UFS File Systems

A disk can contain the UFS root (/) and /usr file systems, user or data file systems, or a combination of file systems. If the disk contains the UFS root (/) or /usr file systems, you have two ways to recover:

You can reinstall the entire Oracle Solaris OS.
Or, you can replace the disk and restore your Oracle Solaris OS file systems from a backup medium.

A disk that contains user or data file systems can be replaced and the file systems restored, if necessary, without having to reinstall or reboot the system.

x86: How to Set Up a Disk for a UFS Root File System

You can use this procedure to replace a disk that contained the UFS root or /usr file system. Refer to your hardware installation guide for information on replacing a disk.

Disconnect the damaged system disk from the system, if necessary.
Connect the replacement disk to the system, and check the disk's physical connections.

Follow the instructions in the following table, depending on whether you are booting from a local Oracle Solaris DVD or a remote Oracle Solaris DVD from the network.

Boot Type	Action
From an Oracle Solaris DVD in a local drive	1. Make sure the Oracle Solaris DVD is in the drive. 2. Select the option to boot from the media.
From the network	3. Select the option to boot from the network.

After You Set Up a Disk for a UFS Root File System ...

Create an fdisk partition, if necessary. Go to x86: How to Create a Solaris fdisk Partition.

x86: How to Connect a Disk for a UFS File System

If you are adding a disk with an EFI disk label, see EFI (GPT) Disk Label for more information.

Generally, most modern bus types support hot-plugging. This means you can insert a disk in an empty slot and the system recognizes it. For more information about hot-plugging devices, see Chapter 4, Dynamically Configuring Devices (Tasks).

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
(Optional) If the disk is unsupported by the Oracle Solaris software, add the device driver for the disk by following the instructions included with the hardware.
Connect the disk to the system and check the disk's physical connections.
Refer to the disk's hardware installation guide for details.
Use the format utility to confirm that the new disk is recognized.

After You Connect a Disk for a UFS File System ...

After the disk is connected, create an fdisk partition. Go to x86: How to Create a Solaris fdisk Partition.

x86: How to Create Disk Slices for UFS File Systems

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Confirm that the disk has a valid Solaris fdisk partition.
For information about creating or changing a Solaris fdisk partition, see Creating and Changing Solaris fdisk Partitions.
Invoke the format utility.
```
# format
```
A numbered list of disks is displayed.
Type the number of the disk that you want to repartition.
```
Specify disk (enter its number): disk-number
```
where disk-number is the number of the disk that you want to repartition.
Select the partition menu.
```
format> partition
```
Display the current partition (slice) table.
```
partition> print
```
Start the modification process.
```
partition> modify
```
Set the disk to all free hog.
```
Choose base (enter number) [0]? 1
```
For more information about the free hog slice, see Using the Free Hog Slice.

Create a new partition table by answering yes when prompted to continue.

Do you wish to continue creating a new partition
table based on above table[yes]? yes

Identify the free hog partition (slice) and the sizes of the slices when prompted.
When adding a system disk, you must set up slices for the following:
- root (slice 0) and swap (slice 1) and/or
- /usr (slice 6)
After you identify the slices, the new partition table is displayed.
Make the displayed partition table the current partition table by answering yes when prompted.
```
Okay to make this the current partition table[yes]? yes
```
If you don't want the current partition table and you want to change it, answer no and go to Step 7.
Name the partition table.
```
Enter table name (remember quotes): "partition-name"
```
where partition-name is the name for the new partition table.
Label the disk with the new partition table after you have finished allocating slices on the new disk.
```
Ready to label disk, continue? yes
```
Quit the partition menu.
```
partition> quit
```
Verify the new disk label.
```
format> verify
```
Exit the format utility.
```
format> quit
```

After You Create Disk Slices and Label a Disk ...

After you create disk slices and label the disk, you can create file systems on the disk. Go to x86: How to Create a UFS File System.

x86: How to Create a UFS File System

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Create a file system for each slice.
```
# newfs /dev/rdsk/cwtxdysz
```
where /dev/rdsk/cwtxdysz is the raw device for the file system to be created.
For more information about the newfs command, see Chapter 15, Creating and Mounting File Systems (Tasks) or newfs(1M).

Verify the new file system by mounting it.

# mount /dev/dsk/cwtxdysz /mnt
# ls /mnt
lost+found

After You Create a UFS File System ...

Disk for a UFS root file system – You need to restore the root (/) and /usr file systems on the disk.
- Go to Restoring UFS Files and File System Backups (Task Map).
- After the root (/) and /usr file systems are restored, install the boot block. Go to x86: How to Install Boot Blocks for a UFS Root File System.
Disk for a UFS file system – You might need to restore file systems on the new disk. Go to Restoring UFS Files and File System Backups (Task Map). If you are not restoring file systems on the new disk, you are finished adding a secondary disk.
For information on making the file systems available to users, see Mounting and Unmounting Oracle Solaris File Systems.

x86: How to Install Boot Blocks for a UFS Root File System

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.
Install the boot blocks for a UFS root file system.
```
# /sbin/installgrub /boot/grub/stage1 /boot/grub/stage2 /dev/rdsk/cwtxdysz
```
For more information, see installgrub(1M).
Verify that the boot blocks are installed by rebooting the system to run level 3.
```
# init 6
```

Example 11-1 x86: Installing Boot Blocks for a UFS Root File System

The following example shows how to install the boot blocks for a UFS root file system on an x86 system.

# /sbin/installgrub /boot/grub/stage1 /boot/grub/stage2 /dev/rdsk/c1d0s0
stage1 written to partition 0 sector 0 (abs 2016)
stage2 written to to partition 0, 227 sectors starting 50 (abs 2066)

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