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Overview of Financial Methods


This topic includes an overview of financial methods.

Arguments You Can Use with Financial Methods

The following table describes arguments that you can use with financial methods. The topic for each method lists the arguments you can use with that method.

Argument
Description

due

An integer that specifies when payments are due. You can use one of the following values:

  • 0. End of each period.
  • 1. Beginning of each period.

fv

The future value of one of the following:

  • Final lump sum required in a savings plan
  • Final lump sum paid, which is 0 in a loan

guess

An estimate of the rate returned. This value is typically in the range of 0.1 (10 percent) through 0.15 (15 percent).

nper

The total number of payment periods.

per

The payment period, in the range of 1 through the value that the nper argument contains.

period

The specific payment period, in the range 1 through the value that the nper argument contains.

pmt

The constant periodic payment for each period.

pv

The present value or the initial lump sum of one of the following:

  • Amount paid for an annuity
  • Amount received for a loan

rate

The interest rate for each period. For more information, see How Some Financial Methods Use the Rate Argument.

valuearray

An array that contains cash flow values. This argument must include at least one each of the following items:

  • A positive value that identifies a receipt
  • A negative value that identifies a payment

You must represent payments and receipts in the exact sequence that the method must use to calculate them. The value that the method returns varies according to the modification that occurs in the sequence of cash flows.

How Some Financial Methods Use the Rate Argument

Some financial methods assume that the value that the rate argument includes is constant over the life of the annuity.

For example, if payments are on a monthly schedule, and if the annual percentage rate on the annuity or loan is 9%, then the rate is 0.0075 (.0075 equals .09 divided by 12).

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