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NESTED TABLESを使用した親子表の結合

JOINは、2つ以上の表の行を、それらの表の関連列に基づいて結合するために使用します。階層表では、子表は親表の主キー列を継承します。これは暗黙的に行われ、子のCREATE TABLE文に親列が含まれることはありません。階層内のすべての表には、同じシャード・キー列があります。

NESTED TABLES句を使用して、Oracle NoSQL Databaseの表を結合できます。

NESTED TABLESの概要

NESTED TABLES句は、参加している表を指定し、3つのグループに分けます。まず、データのフェッチ元となるターゲット表を指定します。次に、ANCESTORS句(存在する場合)で、表階層内のターゲット表の祖先である必要がある表の数を指定します。最後に、DESCENDANTS句(存在する場合)で、表階層内のターゲット表の子孫である必要がある表の数を指定します。

ノート:

意味上、NESTED TABLES句は、ターゲット表を中心とした多数の左外部結合操作と同じです。
ネストされた表の特性:
  • 同じ階層内の複数の表を問い合せます
  • ANSI-SQL標準ではありません
  • 兄弟表の結合をサポートします

表4-1 ネストされた表とLOJ

ネストされた表 LOJ
同じ階層内の複数の表を問い合せます 同じ階層内の複数の表を問い合せます
ANSI-SQL標準ではありません ANSI-SQL標準
兄弟表の結合をサポートします 兄弟表の結合はサポートされません

例のとおりに操作する場合は、スクリプトparentchildtbls_loaddata.sqlをダウンロードして、次に示すように実行します。このスクリプトにより、例で使用する表が作成され、表にデータがロードされます。

KVSTOREまたはKVLiteを起動し、SQL.shellを開きます。
 java -jar lib/kvstore.jar kvlite -secure-config disable
 java -jar lib/sql.jar -helper-hosts localhost:5000 -store kvstore
loadコマンドを使用して、スクリプトを実行します。
load -file parentchildtbls_loaddata.sql

NESTED TABLESを使用する例

例で使用する様々な表:
  • ticket
    ticketNo LONG
confNo STRING
PRIMARY KEY(ticketNo)
  • ticket.bagInfo
    id LONG
tagNum LONG
routing STRING
lastActionCode STRING
lastActionDesc STRING
lastSeenStation STRING,
lastSeenTimeGmt TIMESTAMP(4)
bagArrivalDate TIMESTAMP(4)
PRIMARY KEY(id)
  • ticket.bagInfo.flightLegs
    flightNo STRING
flightDate TIMESTAMP(4)
fltRouteSrc STRING
fltRouteDest STRING
estimatedArrival TIMESTAMP(4),
actions JSON
PRIMARY KEY(flightNo)
  • ticket.passengerInfo
    contactPhone STRING
fullName STRING
gender STRING
PRIMARY KEY(contactPhone)
例1: チケットを発行したすべての乗客の詳細をフェッチします。
SELECT fullname, contactPhone, gender 
FROM NESTED TABLES 
(ticket a descendants(ticket.passengerInfo b))

説明: これは、ターゲット表ticketをその子表passengerInfoと結合する結合の例です。

出力: 
{"fullname":"Elane Lemons","contactPhone":"600-918-8404","gender":"F"}
{"fullname":"Adelaide Willard","contactPhone":"421-272-8082","gender":"M"}
{"fullname":"Dierdre Amador","contactPhone":"165-742-5715","gender":"M"}
{"fullname":"Doris Martin","contactPhone":"289-564-3497","gender":"F"}
{"fullname":"Adam Phillips","contactPhone":"893-324-1064","gender":"M"}
例1a: チケット番号が1762324912391の乗客の詳細をフェッチします。
SELECT fullname, contactPhone, gender 
FROM NESTED TABLES 
(ticket a descendants(ticket.passengerInfo b))
WHERE a.ticketNo=1762324912391

説明: これは、ターゲット表ticketをその子表passengerInfoと結合する結合の例です。また、結合の結果にフィルタ条件を適用することで、結果セットを制限できます。結果を特定のチケット番号に制限しています。

出力: 
{"fullname":"Elane Lemons","contactPhone":"600-918-8404","gender":"F"}
例2: チケットを発行したすべての乗客のすべての手荷物詳細をフェッチします。
SELECT * FROM NESTED TABLES 
(ticket a descendants(ticket.bagInfo b))

説明: これは、ターゲット表ticketをその子表bagInfoと結合する結合の例です。

出力:
{"a":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"confNo":"LE6J4Z"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"id":79039899165297,"tagNum":17657806255240,"routing":"MIA/LAX/MEL",
"lastActionCode":"OFFLOAD","lastActionDesc":"OFFLOAD","lastSeenStation":"MEL",
"lastSeenTimeGmt":"2019-02-01T16:13:00.0000Z","bagArrivalDate":"2019-02-01T16:13:00.0000Z"}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"confNo":"LN0C8R"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"id":79039899168383,"tagNum":1765780623244,"routing":"MXP/CDG/SLC/BZN",
"lastActionCode":"OFFLOAD","lastActionDesc":"OFFLOAD","lastSeenStation":"BZN",
"lastSeenTimeGmt":"2019-03-15T10:13:00.0000Z","bagArrivalDate":"2019-03-15T10:13:00.0000Z"}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762392135540,"confNo":"DN3I4Q"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762392135540,"id":79039899156435,"tagNum":17657806224224,"routing":"GRU/ORD/SEA",
"lastActionCode":"OFFLOAD","lastActionDesc":"OFFLOAD","lastSeenStation":"SEA",
"lastSeenTimeGmt":"2019-02-15T21:21:00.0000Z","bagArrivalDate":"2019-02-15T21:21:00.0000Z"}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762376407826,"confNo":"ZG8Z5N"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762376407826,"id":7903989918469,"tagNum":17657806240229,"routing":"JFK/MAD",
"lastActionCode":"OFFLOAD","lastActionDesc":"OFFLOAD","lastSeenStation":"MAD",
"lastSeenTimeGmt":"2019-03-07T13:51:00.0000Z","bagArrivalDate":"2019-03-07T13:51:00.0000Z"}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762355527825,"confNo":"HJ4J4P"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762355527825,"id":79039899197492,"tagNum":17657806232501,"routing":"BZN/SEA/CDG/MXP",
"lastActionCode":"OFFLOAD","lastActionDesc":"OFFLOAD","lastSeenStation":"MXP",
"lastSeenTimeGmt":"2019-03-22T10:17:00.0000Z","bagArrivalDate":"2019-03-22T10:17:00.0000Z"}}
例2a: 特定のチケット番号のすべての手荷物詳細をフェッチします。
SELECT * FROM 
NESTED TABLES (ticket a descendants(ticket.bagInfo b))
WHERE a.ticketNo=1762324912391

説明: これは、ターゲット表ticketをその子表bagInfoと結合する結合の例です。また、結合の結果にフィルタ条件を適用することで、結果セットを制限できます。結果を特定のチケット番号に制限しています。

出力: 
{"a":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"confNo":"LN0C8R"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"id":79039899168383,"tagNum":1765780623244,"routing":"MXP/CDG/SLC/BZN",
"lastActionCode":"OFFLOAD","lastActionDesc":"OFFLOAD","lastSeenStation":"BZN",
"lastSeenTimeGmt":"2019-03-15T10:13:00.0000Z","bagArrivalDate":"2019-03-15T10:13:00.0000Z"}}

ノート:

非結合述語の制限をON句に移動すると、結果セットにはON句の条件を満たすすべての行が含まれます。ON条件を満たさない右側の外部表の行には、次に示すようにNULL値が移入されます。
SELECT * FROM 
NESTED TABLES(ticket a descendants(ticket.bagInfo b 
ON a.ticketNo=b.ticketNo
AND a.ticketNo=1762324912391))
出力: 
{"a":{"ticketNo":1762355527825,"confNo":"HJ4J4P"},"b":null}
{"a":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"confNo":"LE6J4Z"},"b":null}
{"a":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"confNo":"LN0C8R"}, "b":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"id":79039899168383,"tagNum":1765780623244,"routing":"MXP/CDG/SLC/BZN",
"lastActionCode":"OFFLOAD","lastActionDesc":"OFFLOAD","lastSeenStation":"BZN", 
"lastSeenTimeGmt":"2019-03-15T10:13:00.0000Z","bagArrivalDate":"2019-03-15T10:13:00.0000Z"}}
{"a":{"ticketNo":1762392135540,"confNo":"DN3I4Q"},"b":null}
{"a":{"ticketNo":1762376407826,"confNo":"ZG8Z5N"},"b":null}
例3: すべての乗客のすべての飛行区間の詳細をフェッチします。
SELECT * FROM 
NESTED TABLES (ticket a descendants(ticket.bagInfo.flightLegs b))

説明: これは、ターゲット表ticketをその子孫bagInfoと結合する結合の例です。子孫表は、表の下の任意の階層レベルにできます(たとえば、fightLegsはticketの子であるbagInfoの子であるため、flightLegsはticketの子孫です)。ticket表のすべての行がフェッチされます。ticket表のいずれかの行でflightLegs表と一致する行がない場合、flightLegs表のそれらの行にNULL値が表示されます。

出力: 
{"a":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"confNo":"LE6J4Z"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"id":79039899165297,"flightNo":"BM604","flightDate":"2019-02-01T06:00:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"MIA","fltRouteDest":"LAX","estimatedArrival":"2019-02-01T11:00:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"MIA","actionCode":"ONLOAD to LAX","actionTime":"2019-02-01T06:13:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"MIA","actionCode":"BagTag Scan at MIA","actionTime":"2019-02-01T05:47:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"MIA","actionCode":"Checkin at MIA","actionTime":"2019-02-01T04:38:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"confNo":"LE6J4Z"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"id":79039899165297,"flightNo":"BM667","flightDate":"2019-02-01T06:13:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"LAX","fltRouteDest":"MEL","estimatedArrival":"2019-02-01T16:15:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"MEL","actionCode":"Offload to Carousel at MEL","actionTime":"2019-02-01T16:15:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"LAX","actionCode":"ONLOAD to MEL","actionTime":"2019-02-01T15:35:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"LAX","actionCode":"OFFLOAD from LAX","actionTime":"2019-02-01T15:18:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"confNo":"LN0C8R"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"id":79039899168383,"flightNo":"BM170","flightDate":"2019-03-15T08:13:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"SLC","fltRouteDest":"BZN","estimatedArrival":"2019-03-15T10:14:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"BZN","actionCode":"Offload to Carousel at BZN","actionTime":"2019-03-15T10:13:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"SLC","actionCode":"ONLOAD to BZN","actionTime":"2019-03-15T10:06:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"SLC","actionCode":"OFFLOAD from SLC","actionTime":"2019-03-15T09:59:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"confNo":"LN0C8R"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"id":79039899168383,"flightNo":"BM490","flightDate":"2019-03-15T08:13:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"CDG","fltRouteDest":"SLC","estimatedArrival":"2019-03-15T10:14:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"CDG","actionCode":"ONLOAD to SLC","actionTime":"2019-03-15T09:42:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"CDG","actionCode":"BagTag Scan at CDG","actionTime":"2019-03-15T09:17:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"CDG","actionCode":"OFFLOAD from CDG","actionTime":"2019-03-15T09:19:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"confNo":"LN0C8R"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762324912391,"id":79039899168383,"flightNo":"BM936","flightDate":"2019-03-15T08:00:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"MXP","fltRouteDest":"CDG","estimatedArrival":"2019-03-15T09:00:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"MXP","actionCode":"ONLOAD to CDG","actionTime":"2019-03-15T08:13:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"MXP","actionCode":"BagTag Scan at MXP","actionTime":"2019-03-15T07:48:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"MXP","actionCode":"Checkin at MXP","actionTime":"2019-03-15T07:38:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762392135540,"confNo":"DN3I4Q"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762392135540,"id":79039899156435,"flightNo":"BM79","flightDate":"2019-02-15T01:00:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"GRU","fltRouteDest":"ORD","estimatedArrival":"2019-02-15T11:00:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"GRU","actionCode":"ONLOAD to ORD","actionTime":"2019-02-15T01:21:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"GRU","actionCode":"BagTag Scan at GRU","actionTime":"2019-02-15T00:55:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"GRU","actionCode":"Checkin at GRU","actionTime":"2019-02-14T23:49:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762392135540,"confNo":"DN3I4Q"}
,"b":{"ticketNo":1762392135540,"id":79039899156435,"flightNo":"BM907","flightDate":"2019-02-15T01:21:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"ORD","fltRouteDest":"SEA","estimatedArrival":"2019-02-15T21:22:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"SEA","actionCode":"Offload to Carousel at SEA","actionTime":"2019-02-15T21:16:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"ORD","actionCode":"ONLOAD to SEA","actionTime":"2019-02-15T20:52:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"ORD","actionCode":"OFFLOAD from ORD","actionTime":"2019-02-15T20:44:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762376407826,"confNo":"ZG8Z5N"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762376407826,"id":7903989918469,"flightNo":"BM495","flightDate":"2019-03-07T07:00:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"JFK","fltRouteDest":"MAD","estimatedArrival":"2019-03-07T14:00:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"MAD","actionCode":"Offload to Carousel at MAD","actionTime":"2019-03-07T13:54:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"JFK","actionCode":"ONLOAD to MAD","actionTime":"2019-03-07T07:00:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"JFK","actionCode":"BagTag Scan at JFK","actionTime":"2019-03-07T06:53:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"JFK","actionCode":"Checkin at JFK","actionTime":"2019-03-07T05:03:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762355527825,"confNo":"HJ4J4P"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762355527825,"id":79039899197492,"flightNo":"BM386","flightDate":"2019-03-22T07:23:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"CDG","fltRouteDest":"MXP","estimatedArrival":"2019-03-22T10:24:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"MXP","actionCode":"Offload to Carousel at MXP","actionTime":"2019-03-22T10:15:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"CDG","actionCode":"ONLOAD to MXP","actionTime":"2019-03-22T10:09:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"CDG","actionCode":"OFFLOAD from CDG","actionTime":"2019-03-22T10:01:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762355527825,"confNo":"HJ4J4P"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762355527825,"id":79039899197492,"flightNo":"BM578","flightDate":"2019-03-22T07:23:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"SEA","fltRouteDest":"CDG","estimatedArrival":"2019-03-21T23:24:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"SEA","actionCode":"ONLOAD to CDG","actionTime":"2019-03-22T11:26:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"SEA","actionCode":"BagTag Scan at SEA","actionTime":"2019-03-22T10:57:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"SEA","actionCode":"OFFLOAD from SEA","actionTime":"2019-03-22T11:07:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762355527825,"confNo":"HJ4J4P"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762355527825,"id":79039899197492,"flightNo":"BM704","flightDate":"2019-03-22T07:00:00.0000Z",
"fltRouteSrc":"BZN","fltRouteDest":"SEA","estimatedArrival":"2019-03-22T09:00:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"BZN","actionCode":"ONLOAD to SEA","actionTime":"2019-03-22T07:23:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"BZN","actionCode":"BagTag Scan at BZN","actionTime":"2019-03-22T06:58:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"BZN","actionCode":"Checkin at BZN","actionTime":"2019-03-22T05:20:00Z"}]}}
例3a: 特定のチケット番号のすべての飛行区間の詳細をフェッチします。
SELECT * FROM 
NESTED TABLES (ticket.bagInfo.flightLegs b ancestors(ticket a))
WHERE a.ticketNo=1762344493810

説明: これは、ターゲット表ticketをその子孫bagInfoと結合する結合の例です。また、結合の結果にフィルタ条件を適用することで、結果セットを制限できます。結果を特定のチケット番号に制限しています。

結果は2行となり、これは、このチケット番号に対する飛行区間が2つあることを意味します。

出力:
"a":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"confNo":"LE6J4Z"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"id":79039899165297,"flightNo":"BM604",
"flightDate":"2019-02-01T06:00:00.0000Z","fltRouteSrc":"MIA","fltRouteDest":"LAX",
"estimatedArrival":"2019-02-01T11:00:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"MIA","actionCode":"ONLOAD to LAX","actionTime":"2019-02-01T06:13:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"MIA","actionCode":"BagTag Scan at MIA","actionTime":"2019-02-01T05:47:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"MIA","actionCode":"Checkin at MIA","actionTime":"2019-02-01T04:38:00Z"}]}}

{"a":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"confNo":"LE6J4Z"},
"b":{"ticketNo":1762344493810,"id":79039899165297,"flightNo":"BM667",
"flightDate":"2019-02-01T06:13:00.0000Z","fltRouteSrc":"LAX","fltRouteDest":"MEL",
"estimatedArrival":"2019-02-01T16:15:00.0000Z",
"actions":[{"actionAt":"MEL","actionCode":"Offload to Carousel at MEL","actionTime":"2019-02-01T16:15:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"LAX","actionCode":"ONLOAD to MEL","actionTime":"2019-02-01T15:35:00Z"},
{"actionAt":"LAX","actionCode":"OFFLOAD from LAX","actionTime":"2019-02-01T15:18:00Z"}]}}
例4: すべての乗客のすべての手荷物の手荷物IDと中継点の数をフェッチします。
SELECT b.id,count(*) AS NUMBER_HOPS 
FROM NESTED TABLES (ticket a descendants(ticket.bagInfo.flightLegs b))
GROUP BY b.id

説明: (GROUP BYを使用して)手荷物IDに基づいてデータをグループ化し、それぞれの手荷物の飛行区間の数を取得します(count()を使用)。

出力: 
{"id":79039899168383,"NUMBER_HOPS":3}
{"id":79039899156435,"NUMBER_HOPS":2}
{"id":7903989918469,"NUMBER_HOPS":1}
{"id":79039899165297,"NUMBER_HOPS":2}
{"id":79039899197492,"NUMBER_HOPS":3}
例4a: 特定の乗客のすべての手荷物の中継点の数を確認します。
SELECT b.id,count(*) AS NUMBER_HOPS FROM 
NESTED TABLES (ticket a descendants(ticket.bagInfo.flightLegs b))
WHERE a.ticketNo=1762355527825 
GROUP BY b.id

説明: (GROUP BYを使用して)手荷物IDに基づいてデータをグループ化し、それぞれの手荷物の飛行区間の数を取得します(count()を使用)。また、特定のチケット番号の結果をフィルタ処理します。

出力: 
{"id":79039899197492,"NUMBER_HOPS":3}
例5: 2019年以降に到着したすべての手荷物の手荷物IDおよびルーティングの詳細をフェッチします。
SELECT b.id, routing FROM 
NESTED TABLES(ticket a descendants(ticket.bagInfo b))
WHERE CAST (b.bagArrivalDate AS Timestamp(0))>= 
CAST ("2019-01-01T00:00:00" AS Timestamp(0))

説明: これは、ターゲット表ticketをその子表bagInfoと結合する結合の例です。フィルタ条件がbagArrivalDateに適用されます。CAST関数を使用して文字列をタイムスタンプに変換してから、値が比較されます。

出力:
{"id":79039899197492,"routing":"BZN/SEA/CDG/MXP"}
{"id":79039899165297,"routing":"MIA/LAX/MEL"}
{"id":79039899168383,"routing":"MXP/CDG/SLC/BZN"}
{"id":79039899156435,"routing":"GRU/ORD/SEA"}
{"id":7903989918469,"routing":"JFK/MAD"}