Why can't I edit some time rule templates?

Because they were used to create rules. It doesn't matter if the rules link to time processing or time device processing profiles, just that the rules exist.

Here's what you can do:

1. Duplicate the template you wanted to edit.
2. Make your changes to the new template and save them.
3. Use the template to create rules.
4. Add the rules to the appropriate rule sets.
5. Add the rule sets to the appropriate worker time processing profiles, if they aren't already added.