2 SQL Functions
This chapter presents the syntax for SQL functions.
This chapter includes the following section:
Syntax for SQL Functions
A function is a command that manipulates data items and returns a single value.
The sections that follow show each SQL function and its related syntax. Refer to Subclauses for the syntax of the subclauses.
See Also:
Oracle Database SQL Language Reference for detailed information about SQL functions
ABS(n)
ACOS(n)
ADD_MONTHS(date, integer)
Aggregate functions return a single result row based on groups of rows, rather than on single rows.
analytic_function([ arguments ]) OVER { window_name | (analytic_clause)}
ANY_VALUE ( [ DISTINCT | ALL ] expr )
APPROX_COUNT ( ( expr [ , expr 'MAX_ERROR' ] ...) )
APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT(expr)
APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT_AGG(detail)
APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT_DETAIL(expr)
APPROX_MEDIAN( expr [ DETERMINISTIC ] [, { 'ERROR_RATE' | 'CONFIDENCE' } ] )
APPROX_PERCENTILE( expr [ DETERMINISTIC ] [, { 'ERROR_RATE' | 'CONFIDENCE' } ] ) WITHIN GROUP ( ORDER BY expr [ DESC | ASC ] )
APPROX_PERCENTILE_AGG(expr)
APPROX_PERCENTILE_DETAIL( expr [ DETERMINISTIC ] )
APPROX_RANK ( expr [ PARTITION BY partition_by_clause ] [ ORDER BY order_by_clause DESC] )
APPROX_SUM ( expr [ , expr 'MAX_ERROR' ] ...)
ASCII(char)
ASCIISTR(char)
ASIN(n)
ATAN(n)
ATAN2(n1 , n2)
AVG([ DISTINCT | ALL ] expr) [ OVER(analytic_clause) ]
BFILENAME('directory', 'filename')
BIN_TO_NUM(expr [, expr ]... )
BITAND(expr1, expr2)
BIT_AND_AGG ( [DISTINCT | ALL | UNIQUE] expr )
BITMAP_BIT_POSITION ( expr )
BITMAP_BUCKET_NUMBER ( expr )
BITMAP_CONSTRUCT_AGG ( expr )
BITMAP_COUNT ( expr )
BITMAP_OR_AGG ( expr )
BIT_OR_AGG ( [DISTINCT | ALL | UNIQUE] expr )
BIT_XOR_AGG ( [DISTINCT | ALL | UNIQUE] expr )
BOOLEAN_AND_AGG ( [ DISTINCT | ALL ] boolean_expr ) [ OVER ( analytic_clause ) ]
BOOLEAN_OR_AGG ( [ DISTINCT | ALL ] boolean_expr ) [ OVER ( analytic_clause ) ]
CARDINALITY(nested_table)
CAST({ expr | MULTISET (subquery) } AS type_name [ DEFAULT return_value ON CONVERSION ERROR ] [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
CEIL ( datetimes [ , fmt ] )
CEIL ( interval [ , fmt ] )
CEIL(n)
CHARTOROWID(char)
CHECKSUM ( [ALL | DISTINCT | UNIQUE] expr )
CHR(n [ USING NCHAR_CS ])
CLUSTER_DETAILS ( [ schema . ] model [ , cluster_id [ , topN ] ] [ DESC | ASC | ABS ] mining_attribute_clause )
CLUSTER_DETAILS ( INTO n [ , cluster_id [ , topN ] ] [ DESC | ASC | ABS ] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
CLUSTER_DISTANCE ( [ schema . ] model [ , cluster_id ] mining_attribute_clause )
CLUSTER_DISTANCE ( INTO n [, cluster_id] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
CLUSTER_ID ( [ schema . ] model mining_attribute_clause )
CLUSTER_ID ( INTO n mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
CLUSTER_PROBABILITY (aggregate)
CLUSTER_PROBABILITY ( [ schema . ] model [, cluster_id ] mining_attribute_clause )
CLUSTER_PROBABILITY (analytic)
CLUSTER_PROBABILITY ( INTO n [, cluster_id] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
CLUSTER_SET ( [ schema . ] model [ , topN [ , cutoff ] ] mining_attribute_clause )
CLUSTER_SET ( INTO n [, topN [, cutoff]] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
COALESCE(expr [, expr ]...)
COLLATION(expr)
COLLECT( [ DISTINCT | UNIQUE ] column [ ORDER BY expr ] )
COMPOSE(char)
CON_DBID_TO_ID(container_dbid)
CON_GUID_TO_ID(container_guid)
CON_ID_TO_CON_NAME(container_guid)
CON_ID_TO_DBID(container_guid)
CON_ID_TO_GUID(container_guid)
CON_ID_TO_UID(container_guid)
CON_NAME_TO_ID(container_name)
CON_UID_TO_ID(container_uid)
CONCAT(char1, char2)
CONVERT(char, dest_char_set[, source_char_set ])
CORR(expr1, expr2) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
{ CORR_K | CORR_S } (expr1, expr2 [, { 'COEFFICIENT' | 'ONE_SIDED_SIG' | 'ONE_SIDED_SIG_POS' | 'ONE_SIDED_SIG_NEG' | 'TWO_SIDED_SIG' } ] )
COS(n)
COSH(n)
COSINE_DISTANCE ( expr1, expr2 )
COUNT({ * | [ DISTINCT | ALL ] expr }) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
COVAR_POP(expr1, expr2) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
COVAR_SAMP(expr1, expr2) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
CUBE_TABLE ( ' { schema.cube [ {HIERARCHY | HRR} dimension hierarchy ]... | schema.dimension [ {HIERARCHY | HRR} [dimension] hierarchy ] } ' )
CUME_DIST(expr[,expr ]...) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] ]... )
CUME_DIST() OVER ([ query_partition_clause ] order_by_clause)
CURRENT_DATE
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP [ (precision) ]
CV([ dimension_column ])
DATAOBJ_TO_MAT_PARTITION( table, partition_id )
DATAOBJ_TO_PARTITION( table, partition_id )
DBTIMEZONE
DECODE(expr, search, result [, search, result ]... [, default ])
DECOMPOSE( string [, { 'CANONICAL' | 'COMPATIBILITY' } ] )
DENSE_RANK(expr [, expr ]...) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [,expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] ]... )
DENSE_RANK( ) OVER([ query_partition_clause ] order_by_clause)
DEPTH(correlation_integer)
DEREF(expr)
DOMAIN_CHECK( domain_name, ( expr )[ ,expr ]... )
DOMAIN_CHECK_TYPE( domain_name, ( expr )[ ,expr ]... )
DOMAIN DISPLAY( domain_name, ( expr )[ ,expr ]... )
DOMAIN_NAME( domain_name, ( expr )[ ,expr ]... )
DOMAIN_ORDER( domain_name, ( expr )[ ,expr ]... )
DUMP(expr[, return_fmt [, start_position [, length ] ]])
{ EMPTY_BLOB | EMPTY_CLOB }( )
EXISTSNODE(XMLType_instance, XPath_string [, namespace_string ])
EXP(n)
EXTRACT( { YEAR | MONTH | DAY | HOUR | MINUTE | SECOND | TIMEZONE_HOUR | TIMEZONE_MINUTE | TIMEZONE_REGION | TIMEZONE_ABBR } FROM { expr } )
EXTRACT(XMLType_instance, XPath_string [, namespace_string ])
EXTRACTVALUE(XMLType_instance, XPath_string [, namespace_string ])
FEATURE_COMPARE ( [ schema . ] model mining_attribute_clause AND mining_attribute_clause )
FEATURE_DETAILS ( [ schema . ] model [ , feature_id [ , topN ] ] [ DESC | ASC | ABS ] mining_attribute_clause )
FEATURE_DETAILS ( INTO n [ , feature_id [ , topN ] ] [ DESC | ASC | ABS ] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
FEATURE_ID( [ schema . ] model mining_attribute_clause )
FEATURE_ID ( INTO n mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
FEATURE_SET ( [ schema . ] model [, topN [, cutoff ]] mining_attribute_clause )
FEATURE_SET ( INTO n [, topN [, cutoff ] ] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
FEATURE_VALUE ( [ schema . ] model [, feature_id ] mining_attribute_clause )
FEATURE_VALUE ( INTO n [ , feature_id ] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
aggregate_function KEEP (DENSE_RANK FIRST ORDER BY expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] ]... ) [ OVER ( [query_partition_clause] ) ]
FIRST_VALUE { (expr) [ {RESPECT | IGNORE} NULLS ] | (expr [ {RESPECT | IGNORE} NULLS ]) } OVER (analytic_clause)
FLOOR ( datetimes [ , fmt ] )
FLOOR ( interval [ , fmt ] )
FLOOR(n)
FROM_TZ (timestamp_value, time_zone_value)
FROM_VECTOR ( expr [ RETURNING ( CLOB | VARCHAR2 [ ( size [BYTE | CHAR] ) ] ) ] )
GREATEST(expr [, expr ]...)
GROUP_ID( )
GROUPING( { expr | c_alias } )
GROUPING_ID( { expr | c_alias } [, { expr | c_alias } ]...)
HEXTORAW(char)
INITCAP(char)
INNER_PRODUCT ( expr1 , expr2 )
{ INSTR | INSTRB | INSTRC | INSTR2 | INSTR4 } (string , substring [, position [, occurrence ] ])
ITERATION_NUMBER
JSON_ARRAY ( JSON_ARRAY_content ) | JSON [ JSON_ARRAY_content ]
JSON_ARRAYAGG ( expr [ FORMAT JSON ] [ order_by_clause ] [ JSON_on_null_clause ] [ JSON_returning_clause ] [ STRICT ] )
JSON_CONSTRUCTOR ( expr )
JSON_DATAGUIDE ( expr [ , format [ , flag ] ] )
JSON_MERGEPATCH ( JSON_target_expr , JSON_patch_expr [ JSON_returning_clause ] [ PRETTY ] [ ASCII ] [ TRUNCATE ] [ JSON_on_error_clause ] )
JSON_OBJECT ( JSON_OBJECT_content ) | JSON { JSON_OBJECT_content }
JSON_OBJECTAGG ( [ KEY ] key_expr VALUE val_expr [ FORMAT JSON ] [ JSON_on_null_clause ] [ JSON_returning_clause ] [ STRICT ] [ WITH UNIQUE KEYS ] )
JSON_QUERY ( expr [ FORMAT JSON ], JSON_basic_path_expression [ JSON_passing_clause ] [ JSON_query_returning_clause ] [ JSON_query_wrapper_clause ] [ JSON_query_quotes_clause ] [ JSON_query_on_error_clause ] [ JSON_query_on_empty_clause ] [ JSON_query_on_mismatch_clause ] [ TYPE { STRICT | LAX } ] )
JSON_SCALAR ( expr [ SQL | JSON ] [ NULL ON NULL ] [ NULL ON ERROR ] [ ERROR ON ERROR ] )
JSON_SERIALIZE ( expr [ JSON_returning_clause ] [ PRETTY ] [ASCII ] [ ORDERED ][ TRUNCATE ] [ { NULL | ERROR | ( EMPTY { ARRAY | OBJECT } ) } ON ERROR ] )
JSON_TABLE ( expr [ FORMAT JSON ] [ , JSON_basic_path_expression ] [ JSON_table_on_error_clause ] [ TYPE { STRICT | LAX } ] JSON_columns_clause )
JSON_TRANSFORM ( input_expr , operation [ , operation ]... [ TYPE { STRICT | LAX } ] [ JSON_passing_clause ] [ JSON_TRANSFORM_returning_clause ] )
JSON ( expr )
JSON_VALUE ( expr [ FORMAT JSON ] [ , JSON_basic_path_expression ] [ JSON_passing_clause ] [ JSON_value_returning_clause ] [ JSON_value_on_error_clause ] [ JSON_value_on_empty_clause ] [ JSON_value_on_mismatch_clause ] [ TYPE { STRICT | LAX } ] )
KURTOSIS_POP ( [ {DISTINCT | ALL | UNIQUE} ] expr )
KURTOSIS_SAMP ( [ {DISTINCT | ALL | UNIQUE} ] x expr )
L1_DISTANCE ( expr1 , expr2 )
L2_DISTANCE ( expr1 , expr2 )
LAG { ( value_expr [, offset [, default]]) [ { RESPECT | IGNORE } NULLS ] | ( value_expr [ { RESPECT | IGNORE } NULLS ] [, offset [, default]] ) } OVER ([ query_partition_clause ] order_by_clause)
aggregate_function KEEP (DENSE_RANK LAST ORDER BY expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] ]... ) [ OVER ( [query_partition_clause] ) ]
LAST_DAY(date)
LAST_VALUE { (expr) [ { RESPECT | IGNORE } NULLS ] | (expr [ { RESPECT | IGNORE } NULLS ]) OVER (analytic_clause)
LEAD { ( value_expr [, offset [, default]] ) [ { RESPECT | IGNORE } NULLS ] | ( value_expr [ { RESPECT | IGNORE } NULLS ] [, offset [, default]] ) } OVER ([ query_partition_clause ] order_by_clause)
LEAST(expr [, expr ]...)
{ LENGTH | LENGTHB | LENGTHC | LENGTH2 | LENGTH4 } (char)
LISTAGG( [ALL | DISTINCT ] measure_expr [, 'delimiter'] [listagg_overflow_clause] ) [ WITHIN GROUP order_by_clause ] [OVER query_partition_clause]
LN(n)
LNNVL(condition)
LOCALTIMESTAMP [ (timestamp_precision) ]
LOG(n2, n1)
LOWER(char)
LPAD(expr1, n [, expr2 ])
LTRIM(char [, set ])
MAKE_REF({ table | view } , key [, key ]...)
MAX([ DISTINCT | ALL ] expr) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
MEDIAN(expr) [ OVER (query_partition_clause) ]
MIN([ DISTINCT | ALL ] expr) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
MOD(n2, n1)
MONTHS_BETWEEN(date1, date2)
NANVL(n2, n1)
NCHR(number)
NEW_TIME(date, timezone1, timezone2)
NEXT_DAY(date, char)
NLS_CHARSET_DECL_LEN(byte_count, char_set_id)
NLS_CHARSET_ID(string)
NLS_CHARSET_NAME(number)
NLS_COLLATION_ID(expr)
NLS_COLLATION_NAME(expr [, flag ])
NLS_INITCAP(char [, 'nlsparam' ])
NLS_LOWER(char [, 'nlsparam' ])
NLS_UPPER(char [, 'nlsparam' ])
NLSSORT(char [, 'nlsparam' ])
NTH_VALUE(measure_expr, n) [ FROM { FIRST | LAST } ][ { RESPECT | IGNORE } NULLS ] OVER (analytic_clause)
NTILE(expr) OVER ([ query_partition_clause ] order_by_clause)
NULLIF(expr1, expr2)
NUMTODSINTERVAL(n, 'interval_unit')
NUMTOYMINTERVAL(n, 'interval_unit')
NVL(expr1, expr2)
NVL2(expr1, expr2, expr3)
ORA_DM_PARTITION_NAME ( [ schema . ] model mining_attribute_clause )
ORA_DST_AFFECTED(datetime_expr)
ORA_DST_CONVERT(datetime_expr [, integer [, integer ]])
ORA_DST_ERROR(datetime_expr)
ORA_HASH(expr [, max_bucket [, seed_value ] ])
ORA_INVOKING_USER
ORA_INVOKING_USERID
PATH(correlation_integer)
PERCENT_RANK(expr [, expr ]...) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY expr [ DESC | ASC ] [NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, expr [ DESC | ASC ] [NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] ]... )
PERCENT_RANK( ) OVER ([ query_partition_clause ] order_by_clause)
PERCENTILE_CONT(expr) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY expr [ DESC | ASC ]) [ OVER (query_partition_clause) ]
PERCENTILE_DISC(expr) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY expr [ DESC | ASC ]) [ OVER (query_partition_clause) ]
POWER(n2, n1)
POWERMULTISET(expr)
POWERMULTISET_BY_CARDINALITY(expr, cardinality)
PREDICTION ( [ grouping_hint ] [ schema . ] model [ cost_matrix_clause ] mining_attribute_clause )
PREDICTION ( ( OF ANOMALY | FOR expr ) [ cost_matrix_clause ] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
PREDICTION_BOUNDS ( [schema.] model [, confidence_level [, class_value]] mining_attribute_clause )
PREDICTION_COST ( [ schema . ] model [ , class ] cost_matrix_clause mining_attribute_clause )
PREDICTION_COST ( ( OF ANOMALY | FOR expr ) [ , class ] cost_matrix_clause mining_attribute_clause ) OVER (mining_analytic_clause)
PREDICTION_DETAILS (aggregate)
PREDICTION_DETAILS ( [ schema . ] model [ , class_value [ , topN ] ] [ DESC | ASC | ABS ] mining_attribute_clause )
PREDICTION_DETAILS ( ( OF ANOMALY | FOR expr ) [ , class_value [ , topN ] ] [ DESC | ASC | ABS ] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
PREDICTION_PROBABILITY (aggregate)
PREDICTION_PROBABILITY ( [ schema . ] model [ , class ] mining_attribute_clause )
PREDICTION_PROBABILITY (analytic)
PREDICTION_PROBABILITY ( ( OF ANOMALY | FOR expr ) [ , class ] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER (mining_analytic_clause )
PREDICTION_SET ( [ schema . ] model [ , bestN [ , cutoff ] ] [ cost_matrix_clause ] mining_attribute_clause )
PREDICTION_SET ( ( OF ANOMALY | FOR "expr" ) [ , bestN [ , cutoff ] ] [ cost_matrix_clause ] mining_attribute_clause ) OVER ( mining_analytic_clause )
PRESENTNNV(cell_reference, expr1, expr2)
PRESENTV(cell_reference, expr1, expr2)
PREVIOUS(cell_reference)
RANK(expr [, expr ]...) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] [, expr [ DESC | ASC ] [ NULLS { FIRST | LAST } ] ]... )
RANK( ) OVER ([ query_partition_clause ] order_by_clause)
RATIO_TO_REPORT(expr) OVER ([ query_partition_clause ])
RAWTOHEX(raw)
RAWTONHEX(raw)
REF (correlation_variable)
REFTOHEX (expr)
REGEXP_COUNT (source_char, pattern [, position [, match_param]])
REGEXP_INSTR ( source_char, pattern [, position [, occurrence [, return_opt [, match_param [, subexpr ] ] ] ] ] )
REGEXP_REPLACE ( source_char, pattern [, replace_string [, position [, occurrence [, match_param ] ] ] ] )
REGEXP_SUBSTR ( source_char, pattern [, position [, occurrence [, match_param [, subexpr ] ] ] ] )
REGR_AVGX, REGR_AVGY, REGR_COUNT, REGR_INTERCEPT, REGR_R2, REGR_SLOPE, REGR_SXX, REGR_SXY, REGR_SYY
{ REGR_SLOPE | REGR_INTERCEPT | REGR_COUNT | REGR_R2 | REGR_AVGX | REGR_AVGY | REGR_SXX | REGR_SYY | REGR_SXY } (expr1 , expr2) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
REMAINDER(n2, n1)
REPLACE(char, search_string [, replacement_string ] )
ROUND(date [, fmt ])
ROUND( interval [, fmt ] )
ROUND(n [, integer ])
ROUND_TIES_TO_EVEN ( n [, integer ] )
ROW_NUMBER( ) OVER ([ query_partition_clause ] order_by_clause)
ROWIDTOCHAR(rowid)
ROWIDTONCHAR(rowid)
RPAD(expr1 , n [, expr2 ])
RTRIM(char [, set ])
SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP(number)
SESSIONTIMEZONE
SET (nested_table)
SIGN(n)
SIN(n)
SINH(n)
SKEWNESS_POP [ DISTINCT | ALL | UNIQUE ] ( expr )
SKEWNESS_SAMP [DISTINCT | ALL | UNIQUE] ( expr )
SOUNDEX(char)
SQRT(n)
STANDARD_HASH(expr [, 'method' ])
STATS_BINOMIAL_TEST(expr1, expr2, p [, { TWO_SIDED_PROB | EXACT_PROB | ONE_SIDED_PROB_OR_MORE | ONE_SIDED_PROB_OR_LESS } ] )
STATS_CROSSTAB(expr1, expr2 [, { CHISQ_OBS | CHISQ_SIG | CHISQ_DF | PHI_COEFFICIENT | CRAMERS_V | CONT_COEFFICIENT | COHENS_K } ] )
STATS_F_TEST(expr1, expr2 [, { { STATISTIC | DF_NUM | DF_DEN | ONE_SIDED_SIG } , expr3 | TWO_SIDED_SIG } ] )
STATS_KS_TEST(expr1, expr2 [, { STATISTIC | SIG } ] )
STATS_MODE(expr)
STATS_MW_TEST(expr1, expr2 [, { STATISTIC | U_STATISTIC | ONE_SIDED_SIG , expr3 | TWO_SIDED_SIG } ] )
STATS_ONE_WAY_ANOVA(expr1, expr2 [, { SUM_SQUARES_BETWEEN | SUM_SQUARES_WITHIN | DF_BETWEEN | DF_WITHIN | MEAN_SQUARES_BETWEEN | MEAN_SQUARES_WITHIN | F_RATIO | SIG } ] )
STATS_T_TEST_INDEP, STATS_T_TEST_INDEPU, STATS_T_TEST_ONE, STATS_T_TEST_PAIRED
{ STATS_T_TEST_ONE ( expr1 [, expr2 ] | { { STATS_T_TEST_PAIRED | STATS_T_TEST_INDEP | STATS_T_TEST_INDEPU } ( expr1, expr2 } } [, { { STATISTIC | ONE_SIDED_SIG } , expr3 | TWO_SIDED_SIG | DF } ] )
STATS_WSR_TEST(expr1, expr2 [, { STATISTIC | ONE_SIDED_SIG | TWO_SIDED_SIG } ] )
STDDEV([ DISTINCT | ALL ] expr) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
STDDEV_POP(expr) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
STDDEV_SAMP(expr) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
{ SUBSTR | SUBSTRB | SUBSTRC | SUBSTR2 | SUBSTR4 } (char, position [, substring_length ])
SUM([ DISTINCT | ALL ] expr) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH(column, char)
SYS_CONTEXT('namespace', 'parameter' [, length ])
SYS_DBURIGEN({ column | attribute } [ rowid ] [, { column | attribute } [ rowid ] ]... [, 'text ( )' ] )
SYS_EXTRACT_UTC(datetime_with_timezone)
SYS_GUID( )
SYS_OP_ZONE_ID( [ [ schema. ] table. | t_alias. ] rowid [, scale ] )
SYS_TYPEID(object_type_value)
SYS_XMLAGG(expr [, fmt ])
SYS_XMLGEN(expr [, fmt ])
SYSDATE
SYSTIMESTAMP
TAN(n)
TANH(n)
TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN(timestamp)
TO_APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT(detail)
TO_APPROX_PERCENTILE(detail, expr, 'datatype' [, { 'DESC' | 'ASC' | 'ERROR_RATE' | 'CONFIDENCE' } ])
TO_BINARY_DOUBLE(expr [ DEFAULT return_value ON CONVERSION ERROR ] [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
TO_BINARY_FLOAT(expr [ DEFAULT return_value ON CONVERSION ERROR ] [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
TO_BLOB( bfile [, mime_type] )
TO_BLOB( raw_value )
TO_BOOLEAN( expr )
TO_CHAR( { bfile | blob } [, csid] )
TO_CHAR(nchar | clob | nclob)
TO_CHAR({ datetime | interval } [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
TO_CHAR(n [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
TO_CLOB( { bfile | blob } [, csid] [, mime_type] )
TO_CLOB(lob_column | char)
TO_DATE(char [ DEFAULT return_value ON CONVERSION ERROR ] [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
TO_DSINTERVAL ( ' { sql_format | ds_iso_format } ' [ DEFAULT return_value ON CONVERSION ERROR ] )
TO_LOB(long_column)
TO_MULTI_BYTE(char)
TO_NCHAR({char | clob | nclob})
TO_NCHAR({ datetime | interval } [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ] )
TO_NCHAR(n [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
TO_NCLOB(lob_column | char)
TO_NUMBER(expr [ DEFAULT return_value ON CONVERSION ERROR ] [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
TO_SINGLE_BYTE(char)
TO_TIMESTAMP(char [ DEFAULT return_value ON CONVERSION ERROR ] [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ(char [ DEFAULT return_value ON CONVERSION ERROR ] [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
TO_UTC_TIMESTAMP_TZ ( varchar )
TO_VECTOR ( expr [ , number_of_dimensions [ , format ] ] )
TO_YMINTERVAL ( ' { [+|-] years - months | ym_iso_format } ' [ DEFAULT return_value ON CONVERSION ERROR ] )
TRANSLATE(expr, from_string, to_string)
TRANSLATE ( char USING { CHAR_CS | NCHAR_CS } )
TREAT(expr AS ([ REF ] [ schema. ]type) | JSON )
TRIM([ { { LEADING | TRAILING | BOTH } [ trim_character ] | trim_character } FROM ] trim_source )
TRUNC ( date [, fmt ] )
TRUNC ( interval [, fmt ] )
TRUNC(n1 [, n2 ] )
TZ_OFFSET({ 'time_zone_name' | '{ + | - } hh : mi' | SESSIONTIMEZONE | DBTIMEZONE } )
UID
UNISTR( string )
UPPER(char)
USER
[ schema. ] { [ package. ]function | user_defined_operator } [ @ dblink. ] [ ( [ [ DISTINCT | ALL ] expr [, expr ]... ] ) ]
USERENV('parameter')
VALIDATE_CONVERSION(expr AS type_name [, fmt [, 'nlsparam' ] ])
VALUE(correlation_variable)
VAR_POP(expr) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
VAR_SAMP(expr) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
VARIANCE([ DISTINCT | ALL ] expr) [ OVER (analytic_clause) ]
VECTOR ( expr [ , number_of_dimensions [ , format ] ] )
VECTOR_CHUNKS ( chunks_table_arguments )
VECTOR_DISTANCE ( expr1 , expr2 [ , metric ] )
VECTOR_DIMS ( expr )
VECTOR_DIMENSION_COUNT ( expr )
VECTOR_DIMENSION_FORMAT ( expr )
VECTOR_EMBEDDING ( [ schema.]model_name USING mining_attribute_clause )
VECTOR_NORM ( expr )
VECTOR_SERIALIZE ( expr [ RETURNING ( CLOB | VARCHAR2 [ ( size [BYTE | CHAR] ) ] ) ] )
VSIZE(expr)
WIDTH_BUCKET (expr, min_value, max_value, num_buckets)
XMLAGG(XMLType_instance [ order_by_clause ])
XMLCAST ( value_expression AS datatype )
XMLCDATA ( value_expr )
XMLCOLATTVAL (value_expr [ AS { c_alias | EVALNAME value_expr } ] [, value_expr [ AS { c_alias | EVALNAME value_expr } ] ]... )
XMLCOMMENT ( value_expr )
XMLCONCAT(XMLType_instance [, XMLType_instance ]...)
XMLDIFF ( XMLType_document, XMLType_document [ , integer, string ] )
XMLELEMENT ( [ ENTITYESCAPING | NOENTITYESCAPING ] { ( [ NAME ] identifier ) | ( EVALNAME value_expr ) } [ , XML_attributes_clause ] [ , value_expr [ [ AS ] c_alias ]]... )
XMLEXISTS ( XQuery_string [ XML_passing_clause ] )
XMLFOREST ( value_expr [ AS { c_alias | EVALNAME value_expr } ] [, value_expr [ AS { c_alias | EVALNAME value_expr } ] ]... )
XMLISVALID ( XMLType_instance [, XMLSchema_URL [, element ]] )
XMLPARSE ({ DOCUMENT | CONTENT } value_expr [ WELLFORMED ] )
XMLPATCH ( XMLType_document, XMLType_document )
XMLPI ( { ( [ NAME ] identifier ) | ( EVALNAME value_expr ) } [ , value_expr ] )
XMLQUERY ( XQuery_string [ XML_passing_clause ] RETURNING CONTENT [NULL ON EMPTY] )
XMLSEQUENCE( XMLType_instance | sys_refcursor_instance [, fmt ] )
XMLSERIALIZE ( { DOCUMENT | CONTENT } value_expr [ AS datatype ] [ ENCODING xml_encoding_spec ] [ VERSION string_literal ] [ NO INDENT | { INDENT [SIZE = number] } ] [ { HIDE | SHOW } DEFAULTS ] )
XMLTABLE ( [ XMLnamespaces_clause , ] XQuery_string XMLTABLE_options )
XMLTRANSFORM(XMLType_instance, { XMLType_instance | string } )