Managing Storage

About Managing Storage

Understand Oracle Database Appliance storage options.

Oracle Database Appliance uses raw storage to protect data in the following ways:

Fast Recovery Area (FRA) backup. FRA is a storage area (directory on disk or Oracle ASM diskgroup) that contains redo logs, control file, archived logs, backup pieces and copies, and flashback logs.
Mirroring. Double or triple mirroring provides protection against mechanical issues.

The amount of available storage is determined by the location of the FRA backup (external or internal) and if double or triple mirroring is used. External NFS storage is supported for online backups, data staging, or additional database files.

Oracle Database Appliance X10-L and X10-HA models provide storage expansion options from the base configuration. In addition, on Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA multi-node platforms, you can add an optional storage expansion shelf.

The redundancy level for FLASH is based on the DATA and RECO selection. If you choose High redundancy (triple mirroring), then FLASH is also High redundancy.

Note:

For this release of Oracle Database Appliance, you can only expand the storage on X10 at the time of initial deployment and not later.

Parent topic: Managing Storage

About Managing Oracle ASM Disks

Understand the Oracle ASM disk management features that Oracle Database Appliance supports.

Oracle Database Appliance enables you to manage your Oracle ASM disks.

Bringing Oracle ASM Disk Groups Online Automatically

Oracle Database Appliance periodically checks the status of Oracle ASM disks in disk groups. If any Oracle ASM disk is OFFLINE due to transient disk errors, then Oracle Database Appliance attempts to bring the disk ONLINE.

Optimizing Oracle ASM Disk Group Rebalance Operations

Oracle Database Appliance ensures rebalancing of Oracle ASM disks to complete as quickly as possible, without overloading the system and the disks at the same time. This ensures that the system is in a steady state running with the appropriate redundancy. There are default thresholds for the values for rebalancing operations, and you can also set the custom threshold values. For example:

odacli update-agentconfig-parameters -n ASMRM_CPU_RQ -v 50 -d "CPU RUN QUEUE THRESHOLD" -u
odacli update-agentconfig-parameters -n ASMRM_MAX_HDD_DISK_RQ -v 2 -d "HDD DISK QUEUE THRESHOLD" -u
odacli update-agentconfig-parameters -n ASMRM_MAX_SSD_DISK_RQ -v 32 -d "SSD DISK QUEUE THRESHOLD" -u
odacli update-agentconfig-parameters -n ASMRM_MAX_NVME_DISK_RQ -v 50 -d "NVME DISK QUEUE THRESHOLD" -u

The above command options set custom threshold limits for rebalance monitoring of Oracle ASM disks.

You can monitor rebalance operations using the odacli describe-schedule -i Schedule ID and odacli list-scheduled-executions commands.

Parent topic: Managing Storage

Managing Storage on Single-Node Systems

Understand the storage options for your Oracle Database Appliance X10-S and X10-L systems.

Note:

For this release of Oracle Database Appliance, you can only expand the storage on X10 at the time of initial deployment and not later.

About Storage on Oracle Database Appliance X10-S and X10-L
Understand the storage for your Oracle Database Appliance single-node system.
Adding Small Form Factor (SFF) NVMe Storage Disks
Depending on the available drives, you can expand Oracle Database Appliance X10-L storage to add Small Form Factor (SFF) NVMe disks or replace existing NVMe disks.
Adding Add-in-Card (AIC) NVMe Storage Disks
You can expand Oracle Database Appliance X10-L storage with two or four Add-in-Card (AIC) NVMe disks. Oracle Database Appliance X10-L supports a maximum of four AICs.

Parent topic: Managing Storage

About Storage on Oracle Database Appliance X10-S and X10-L

Understand the storage for your Oracle Database Appliance single-node system.

Oracle Database Appliance X10-S has two 6.8TB NVMe disks that host DATA and RECO disk groups. There are ten partitions that you can divide between DATA and RECO for Oracle ASM storage information. By default, DATA has an eight partition configuration and RECO has a two partition configuration. The storage capacity is fixed and cannot be expanded.

Oracle Database Appliance X10-L has two form factor-based NVMe disks namely Small Form Factor (SFF) and AIC (Add-in-Card). Both form factor NVMe disks are of 6.8TB storage capacity. SFF is a single disk of 6.8TB capacity whereas AIC has two NVMe disks each of 3.4TB capacity, with a combined storage capacity of 6.8TB. The default configuration for Oracle Database Appliance X10-L is two 6.8TB NVMe disks that host DATA and RECO disk groups.

When you first deploy and configure X10-L in this release, you can set the storage on X10-L in multiple of 2 packs of NVMe and AIC drives, such as 2, 4, and 6 disks, up to a maximum of 8 disks.

Oracle Database Appliance X10-L supports four SFF NVMe disks and four AIC NVMe disks. You must populate all four SFF NVMe disks before you add AIC NVMe disks to the system.

The table describes the NVMe storage configurations with expansion memory and storage options for single-node systems.

Table 10-1 Storage Options for Oracle Database Appliance X10-S and X10-L

Configuration	Oracle Database Appliance X10-S	Oracle Database Appliance X10-L
Base Configuration	2 x 6.8 TB NVMe = 13.6 TB NVMe	2 x 6.8 TB NVMe = 13.6 TB NVMe
Storage addition options	None	6x6.8TB NVMe storage drives for total storage of 54.4TB NVMe. You must populate all four SFF NVMe disks before you add AIC NVMe disks to the system. For the additional two SFF NVMe, order the following: Qty:1 - 7606150 (Two 6.8TB 2.5-inch NVMe PCIe SFF SSD with marlin bracket for Oracle Database Appliance X10-L) For the additional four NVMe AIC SSDs (these are PCIe NVMe Flash Cards that require cover removal to install), order the following: Qty:1 for two, Qty:2 for four: Qty:1 - 7605325 (Two 6.8 TB NVMe PCIe Cards for Oracle Database Appliance X10-L)

Configuration

Oracle Database Appliance X10-S

Oracle Database Appliance X10-L

Base Configuration

2 x 6.8 TB NVMe = 13.6 TB NVMe

Storage addition options

None

6x6.8TB NVMe storage drives for total storage of 54.4TB NVMe.

You must populate all four SFF NVMe disks before you add AIC NVMe disks to the system.

For the additional two SFF NVMe, order the following:

Qty:1 - 7606150 (Two 6.8TB 2.5-inch NVMe PCIe SFF SSD with marlin bracket for Oracle Database Appliance X10-L)

For the additional four NVMe AIC SSDs (these are PCIe NVMe Flash Cards that require cover removal to install), order the following:

Qty:1 for two, Qty:2 for four:

Qty:1 - 7605325 (Two 6.8 TB NVMe PCIe Cards for Oracle Database Appliance X10-L)

Parent topic: Managing Storage on Single-Node Systems

Adding Small Form Factor (SFF) NVMe Storage Disks

Depending on the available drives, you can expand Oracle Database Appliance X10-L storage to add Small Form Factor (SFF) NVMe disks or replace existing NVMe disks.

Use the ODAADMCLI commands to perform appliance storage maintenance tasks, including perform storage diagnostics and collect diagnostic logs for storage components.

Preparing for a Storage Upgrade

Review and perform these best practices before adding storage.

Update Oracle Database Appliance to the latest Patch Bundle before expanding storage.
```
# odacli describe-component 
```
Check the disk health of the existing storage disks.
```
# odaadmcli show disk
```
Run the odaadmcli show diskgroup command to display and review Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) disk group information.
Use Oracle ORAchk to confirm Oracle ASM and Oracle Clusterware health.

Adding Small Form Factor (SFF) NVMe Storage Disks

The default configuration for Oracle Database Appliance X10-S or X10-L includes two NVMe disks. You cannot expand storage for Oracle Database Appliance X10-S.

For Oracle Database Appliance X10-L, you can expand storage by adding two SFF NVMe disks followed by two or four Add-in-Cards (AIC).

Important:

You must populate all four SFF slots before adding AIC.

WARNING:

Pulling a drive before powering it off will crash the kernel, which can lead to data corruption. Do not pull the drive when the LED is an amber or green color. When you need to replace an NVMe drive, use the software to power off the drive before pulling the drive from the slot. If you have more than one disk to replace, complete the replacement of one disk before starting replacement of the next disk.

Follow these steps to add SFF NVMe disks:

Before adding the NVMe disks, ensure that the current disks are online in oakd and Oracle ASM. Otherwise, the prechecks fail. For example, for 2-disks expansion to slots 2 and 3, the disks in slots 0 and 1 must be online in Oracle ASM and oakd.
Insert disks one at a time in the slots and power on the device.
For example, to add two (2) NVMe disks, insert the disks in slots 2 and 3.
```
# odaadmcli power disk on slot_number
```
For example, when adding two (2) NVMe disks:
```
# odaadmcli power disk on pd_02 
# odaadmcli power disk on pd_03
```
Allow at least one minute between inserting each disk.

Run the odaadmcli expand storage command to add the new storage drives:

# odaadmcli expand storage -ndisk number_of_disks

For example, to add two (2) NVMe drives:

# odaadmcli expand storage -ndisk 2
Running precheck, it may take a few minutes.
Precheck passed. 
Check the progress of expansion of storage by executing 'odaadmcli show disk' 
Waiting for expansion to finish. It may take several minutes to complete depending upon the number of disks being expanded.

Run the odaadmcli show disk command to ensure that all disks are listed, are online, and are in a good state.

# odaadmcli show disk
 NAME PATH TYPE STATE STATE_DETAILS
 
 pd_00 /dev/nvme0n1 NVD ONLINE Good
 pd_01 /dev/nvme1n1 NVD ONLINE Good
 pd_02 /dev/nvme3n1 NVD ONLINE Good
 pd_03 /dev/nvme14n2 NVD ONLINE Good
#

Verify that the disks in slots 2 and 3 are added to Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) as follows:

Run asm_script to verify that the disks in slots 2 and 3 are added to Oracle ASM. Verify that both disks are successfully added (CACHED and MEMBER). Following is example of default configuration of 80:20 where eight partitions (p1 to p8) are part of the DATA disk group and two partitions (p9 and p10) are part of the RECO disk group.

# su gridUser /opt/oracle/oak/bin/stordiag/asm_script.sh 0 6
# su grid /opt/oracle/oak/bin/stordiag/asm_script.sh 0 6 

Tue Nov 28 02:46:20 PST 2023
 
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Nov 28 02:46:20 2023
Version 19.21.0.0.0
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.21.0.0.0
 
SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 
PATH                                     NAME                                GROUP_NUMBER STATE    MODE_ST MOUNT_S HEADER_STATU
---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------ -------- ------- ------- ------------
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P1               NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P1                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P10              NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P10                        2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P2               NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P2                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P3               NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P3                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P4               NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P4                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P5               NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P5                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P6               NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P6                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P7               NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P7                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P8               NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P8                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P9               NVD_S02_S6UENA0TC001P9                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P1               NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P1                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P10              NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P10                        2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P2               NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P2                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P3               NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P3                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P4               NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P4                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P5               NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P5                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P6               NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P6                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P7               NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P7                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P8               NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P8                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P9               NVD_S03_S6UENA0TC001P9                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER

SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.21.0.0.0
[root@node1 ~]#

Use the odaadmcli show validation storage errors command to view hard storage errors. Hard errors include having the wrong type of disk inserted into a particular slot, an invalid disk model, or an incorrect disk size.
```
# odaadmcli show validation storage errors
```
Use the odaadmcli show validation storage failures command to view soft validation errors. A typical soft disk error would be an invalid version of the disk firmware.
```
# odaadmcli show validation storage failures
```

Confirm that the oak_storage_conf.xml file shows the number of disks added. For example, if you added 2 disks to the base configuration, then the oak_storage_conf.xml file must show numberOfDisks as 4.

#cat /opt/oracle/oak/conf/oak_storage_conf.xml 
<!--
This file is created by the Oracle Database Appliance software as part of system provisioning based on system provisioning requests. 
Values of element nodes can bechanged by OAK in response to storage configuration change operation.
DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE.
-->
<CometConfiguration>
  <OakStorageConfigInfo type="string" dimension="vector" readonly="true" required="true" default="">
    <!--  Number of disks part of OAK -->
    <numberOfDisks>4</numberOfDisks>
    <!--   Number of partitions per disk part of DATA diskgroup in multiple partition scheme   -->
    <!--   Number of partitions per disk part of RECO diskgroup in multiple partition scheme   -->
    <!--   are derived from number of partitions per disk which are part of ASM DATA diskgroup -->
    <numOfDataDiskPartitionInAsm>8</numOfDataDiskPartitionInAsm>
  </OakStorageConfigInfo>
</CometConfiguration>
#

Parent topic: Managing Storage on Single-Node Systems

Adding Add-in-Card (AIC) NVMe Storage Disks

You can expand Oracle Database Appliance X10-L storage with two or four Add-in-Card (AIC) NVMe disks. Oracle Database Appliance X10-L supports a maximum of four AICs.

Use the ODAADMCLI commands to perform appliance storage maintenance tasks, including perform storage diagnostics and collect diagnostic logs for storage components.

Preparing for a Storage Upgrade

Review and perform these best practices before adding storage.

Update Oracle Database Appliance to the latest Patch Bundle before expanding storage.
```
# odacli describe-component 
```
Check the disk health of the existing storage disks.
```
# odaadmcli show disk
```
Run the odaadmcli show diskgroup command to display and review Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) disk group information.
Use the asmcmd command to verify that all the disks for the four SFF slots are part of Oracle ASM.
Use Oracle ORAchk to confirm Oracle ASM and Oracle Clusterware health.

Adding Add-in-Cards (AIC) NVMe Storage Disks

For Oracle Database Appliance X10-L, you can expand storage by adding two SFF NVMe disks followed by two or four Add-in-Cards (AIC). You can expand storage by first adding 2 AIC NVMe disks or 4 AIC, up to a maximum of 4 AIC disks. When you expand storage, adding odd numbers of AIC drives is not supported.

Important:

You must populate all four SFF slots before adding AIC.

WARNING:

Pulling a drive before powering it off will crash the kernel, which can lead to data corruption. Do not pull the drive when the LED is an amber or green color. When you need to replace an NVMe drive, use the software to power off the drive before pulling the drive from the slot. If you have more than one disk to replace, complete the replacement of one disk before starting replacement of the next disk.

See Also:

Chapter Installing Oracle Database Appliance Into a Rack in the Oracle Database Appliance X10 Owner's Guide in the Oracle Database Appliance Documentation Library for this release for requirements before adding any optional PCIe add-in card storage

Note that you must install the AIC NVMe disks in the correct slots as described in the Oracle Database Appliance X10 Owner's Guide and complete all configuration steps to add the AIC NVMe disks. Following are PCI slot for AIC:

x16-PCIe slot 2:NVMe AIC (first)
x8-PCIe slot 3: NVMe AIC (second)
x8-PCIe slot 9: NVMe AIC (third)
x16-PCIe slot 1: NVMe AIC (fourth)

Follow these steps to add AIC NVMe disks:

On successful installation of AIC, the system restarts. Check that Oracle Clusterware is up and running.

crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online

Verify that the oakd process is running.
```
# odaadmcli show disk
```
If the oakd process is not running, then start it:
```
# odaadmcli start oak
```

Run the odaadmcli show disk command to check that oakd has discovered all AIC NVMe disks. For 2 AIC disks, there are four (4) NVMe disks of 3.4TB, and for four AIC disks, there are eight (8) 3.4TB NVME disks.

For two AIC:

# odaadmcli show storage
==== BEGIN STORAGE DUMP ========
Host Description: Oracle Corporation:ORACLE SERVER E5-2L
Total number of controllers: 8

        Id          = 0
        Pci Slot    = 100
        Serial Num  = S6UENA0TC00191
        Vendor      = Samsung
        Model       = SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3
        FwVers      = MPPA6R5Q
        strId       = nvme:62:00.00
        Pci Address = 62:00.0

        Id          = 1
        Pci Slot    = 101
        Serial Num  = S6UENA0TC00163
        Vendor      = Samsung
        Model       = SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3
        FwVers      = MPPA6R5Q
        strId       = nvme:63:00.00
        Pci Address = 63:00.0

        Id          = 3
        Pci Slot    = 103
        Serial Num  = S6UENA0TC00186
        Vendor      = Samsung
        Model       = SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3
        FwVers      = MPPA6R5Q
        strId       = nvme:64:00.00
        Pci Address = 64:00.0

        Id          = 2
        Pci Slot    = 102
        Serial Num  = S6UENA0TC00198
        Vendor      = Samsung
        Model       = SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3
        FwVers      = MPPA6R5Q
        strId       = nvme:65:00.00
        Pci Address = 65:00.0

        Id          = 4
        Pci Slot    = 2
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2233000R6P4AGN-1
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:c1:00.00
        Pci Address = c1:00.0

        Id          = 5
        Pci Slot    = 22
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2233000R6P4AGN-2
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:c2:00.00
        Pci Address = c2:00.0

        Id          = 7
        Pci Slot    = 3
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2333000R6P4AGN-1
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:e2:00.00
        Pci Address = e2:00.0

        Id          = 6
        Pci Slot    = 23
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2333000R6P4AGN-2
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:e3:00.00
        Pci Address = e3:00.0

Total number of expanders: 0
Total number of PDs: 8
        /dev/nvme0n1    Samsung           NVD  6801gb slot:  0  pci-addr : 62  SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3       SFF
        /dev/nvme1n1    Samsung           NVD  6801gb slot:  1  pci-addr : 63  SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3       SFF
        /dev/nvme2n1    Samsung           NVD  6801gb slot:  2  pci-addr : 65  SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3       SFF
        /dev/nvme3n1    Samsung           NVD  6801gb slot:  3  pci-addr : 64  SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3       SFF
        /dev/nvme4n1    Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  4  pci-addr : c1  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme5n1    Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  5  pci-addr : c2  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme9n1    Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  6  pci-addr : e2  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme8n1    Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  7  pci-addr : e3  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
==== END STORAGE DUMP =========
# 	
# odaadmcli show disk
        NAME            PATH            TYPE            STATE           STATE_DETAILS
  
        pd_00           /dev/nvme0n1    NVD             ONLINE          Good           
        pd_01           /dev/nvme1n1    NVD             ONLINE          Good           
        pd_02           /dev/nvme2n1    NVD             ONLINE          Good           
        pd_03           /dev/nvme3n1    NVD             ONLINE          Good           
        pd_04_c1        /dev/nvme5n1    NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_04_c2        /dev/nvme4n1    NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_05_c1        /dev/nvme9n1    NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_05_c2        /dev/nvme8n1    NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted

For four AIC:

# odaadmcli show storage
==== BEGIN STORAGE DUMP ========
Host Description: Oracle Corporation:ORACLE SERVER E5-2L
Total number of controllers: 12
        Id          = 2
        Pci Slot    = 9
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2233001M6P4AGN-1
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:41:00.00
        Pci Address = 41:00.0

        Id          = 1
        Pci Slot    = 29
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2233001M6P4AGN-2
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:42:00.00
        Pci Address = 42:00.0

        Id          = 0
        Pci Slot    = 100
        Serial Num  = S6UENA0TC00191
        Vendor      = Samsung
        Model       = SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3
        FwVers      = MPPA6R5Q
        strId       = nvme:62:00.00
        Pci Address = 62:00.0

        Id          = 5
        Pci Slot    = 101
        Serial Num  = S6UENA0TC00163
        Vendor      = Samsung
        Model       = SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3
        FwVers      = MPPA6R5Q
        strId       = nvme:63:00.00
        Pci Address = 63:00.0

        Id          = 7
        Pci Slot    = 103
        Serial Num  = S6UENA0TC00186
        Vendor      = Samsung
        Model       = SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3
        FwVers      = MPPA6R5Q
        strId       = nvme:64:00.00
        Pci Address = 64:00.0

        Id          = 6
        Pci Slot    = 102
        Serial Num  = S6UENA0TC00198
        Vendor      = Samsung
        Model       = SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3
        FwVers      = MPPA6R5Q
        strId       = nvme:65:00.00
        Pci Address = 65:00.0

        Id          = 3
        Pci Slot    = 1
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2233001N6P4AGN-1
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:a1:00.00
        Pci Address = a1:00.0

        Id          = 4
        Pci Slot    = 21
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2233001N6P4AGN-2
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:a2:00.00
        Pci Address = a2:00.0

        Id          = 8
        Pci Slot    = 2
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2233000R6P4AGN-1
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:c1:00.00
        Pci Address = c1:00.0

        Id          = 9
        Pci Slot    = 22
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2233000R6P4AGN-2
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:c2:00.00
        Pci Address = c2:00.0

        Id          = 11
        Pci Slot    = 3
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2333000R6P4AGN-1
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:e2:00.00
        Pci Address = e2:00.0

        Id          = 10
        Pci Slot    = 23
        Serial Num  = PHAZ2333000R6P4AGN-2
        Vendor      = Intel
        Model       = INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S
        FwVers      = 9CV1R310
        strId       = nvme:e3:00.00
        Pci Address = e3:00.0

Total number of expanders: 0
Total number of PDs: 12
        /dev/nvme0n1    Samsung           NVD  6801gb slot:  0  pci-addr : 62  SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3       SFF
        /dev/nvme1n1    Samsung           NVD  6801gb slot:  1  pci-addr : 63  SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3       SFF
        /dev/nvme2n1    Samsung           NVD  6801gb slot:  2  pci-addr : 65  SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3       SFF
        /dev/nvme3n1    Samsung           NVD  6801gb slot:  3  pci-addr : 64  SAMSUNG MZWLR7T6HBLA-00AU3       SFF
        /dev/nvme4n1    Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  4  pci-addr : c1  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme5n1    Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  5  pci-addr : c2  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme9n1    Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  6  pci-addr : e2  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme8n1    Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  7  pci-addr : e3  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme11n1   Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  8  pci-addr : 41  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme10n1   Intel             NVD  3400gb slot:  9  pci-addr : 42  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme12n1   Intel             NVD  3400gb slot: 10  pci-addr : a1  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
        /dev/nvme13n1   Intel             NVD  3400gb slot: 11  pci-addr : a2  INTEL SSDPFCKE064T1S             AIC
==== END STORAGE DUMP =========
#
# odaadmcli show disk

        NAME            PATH            TYPE            STATE           STATE_DETAILS
  
        pd_00           /dev/nvme0n1    NVD             ONLINE          Good          
        pd_01           /dev/nvme1n1    NVD             ONLINE          Good          
        pd_02           /dev/nvme2n1    NVD             ONLINE          Good          
        pd_03           /dev/nvme13n1   NVD             ONLINE          Good          
        pd_04_c1        /dev/nvme4n1    NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_04_c2        /dev/nvme3n1    NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_05_c1        /dev/nvme9n1    NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_05_c2        /dev/nvme10n1   NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_06_c1        /dev/nvme5n1    NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_06_c2        /dev/nvme8n1    NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_07_c1        /dev/nvme12n1   NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted
        pd_07_c2        /dev/nvme11n1   NVD             UNKNOWN         NewDiskInserted

For example, to add two (2) AIC disks, you must specify ndisk values as 4 because AIC has two NVMe disks, so the total value of two AIC disks is four NVMe disks.

#odaadmcli expand storage -ndisk 4
Running precheck, it may take a few minutes.
Precheck passed.
Check the progress of expansion of storage by executing 'odaadmcli show disk'
Waiting for expansion to finish. It may take several minutes to complete
depending upon the number of disks being expanded

Run the odaadmcli show disk command to ensure that all disks are listed, are online, and are in a good state.

# odaadmcli show disk
        NAME PATH TYPE STATE STATE_DETAILS
 
        pd_00 /dev/nvme0n1 NVD ONLINE Good
        pd_01 /dev/nvme1n1 NVD ONLINE Good
        pd_02 /dev/nvme3n1 NVD ONLINE Good
        pd_03 /dev/nvme14n2 NVD ONLINE Good
        pd_04_c1 /dev/nvme10n1 NVD ONLINE Good
        pd_04_c2 /dev/nvme11n1 NVD ONLINE Good
        pd_05_c1 /dev/nvme8n1 NVD ONLINE Good
        pd_05_c2 /dev/nvme9n1 NVD ONLINE Good
#

Verify that the two AIC disks are added to Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) as follows:

Run asm_script to verify that the disks in slots 3 and 4 are added to Oracle ASM. Verify that both disks are successfully added (CACHED and MEMBER). Following is an example of default configuration of 80:20 where eight partitions (p1 to p8) are part of the DATA disk group and two partitions (p9 and p10) are part of the RECO diskgroup.

# su gridUser /opt/oracle/oak/bin/stordiag/asm_script.sh 0 6
# su grid /opt/oracle/oak/bin/stordiag/asm_script.sh 0 6 

Tue Nov 28 02:46:20 PST 2023
 
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Nov 28 02:46:20 2023
Version 19.21.0.0.0
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.21.0.0.0
 
SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 
PATH                                     NAME                                GROUP_NUMBER STATE    MODE_ST MOUNT_S HEADER_STATU
---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------ -------- ------- ------- ------------
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P1               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P1                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P2               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P2                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P3               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P3                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P4               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P4                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P5               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P5                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P10              NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P10                        2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P6               NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P6                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P7               NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P7                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P8               NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P8                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P9               NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P9                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P1               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P1                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P2               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P2                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P3               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P3                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P4               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P4                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P5               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P5                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P10              NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P10                        2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P6               NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P6                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P7               NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P7                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P8               NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P8                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P9               NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P9                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_QRMDSK_P2                                                                       0 NORMAL   ONLINE  CLOSED  FORMER
AFD:SSD_QRMDSK_P1                                                                       0 NORMAL   ONLINE  CLOSED  FORMER
SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.21.0.0.0

Use the odaadmcli show validation storage errors command to view hard storage errors. Hard errors include having the wrong type of disk inserted into a particular slot, an invalid disk model, or an incorrect disk size.
```
# odaadmcli show validation storage errors
```
Use the odaadmcli show validation storage failures command to view soft validation errors. A typical soft disk error would be an invalid version of the disk firmware.
```
# odaadmcli show validation storage failures
```

Confirm that the oak_storage_conf.xml file shows the number of disks added. For example, if you added two AIC to four SFF, then the oak_storage_conf.xml file must show numberOfDisks as 8.

#cat /opt/oracle/oak/conf/oak_storage_conf.xml 
<!--
This file is created by the ODA software as part of system provisioning
based on system provisioning requests. Values of element nodes can be
changed by OAK in response to storage configuration change operation.
DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE.
-->
<CometConfiguration>
  <OakStorageConfigInfo type="string" dimension="vector" readonly="true" required="true" default="">
    <!--  Number of disks part of OAK -->
    <numberOfDisks>8</numberOfDisks>
    <!--   Number of partitions per disk part of DATA diskgroup in multiple partition scheme   -->
    <!--   Number of partitions per disk part of RECO diskgroup in multiple partition scheme   -->
    <!--   are derived from number of partitions per disk which are part of ASM DATA diskgroup -->
    <numOfDataDiskPartitionInAsm>8</numOfDataDiskPartitionInAsm>
  </OakStorageConfigInfo>
</CometConfiguration>
#

For example, to add four (4) AIC disks, you must specify ndisk values as 8 because AIC has two NVMe disks, so the total value of four AIC disks is eight NVMe disks.

#odaadmcli expand storage -ndisk 8
Running precheck, it may take a few minutes.
Precheck passed.
Check the progress of expansion of storage by executing 'odaadmcli show disk'
Waiting for expansion to finish. It may take several minutes to complete
depending upon the number of disks being expanded

Run the

odaadmcli show
                                                  disk

command to ensure that all disks are listed, are online, and are in a good state.

# odaadmcli show disk
pd_00 /dev/nvme0n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_01 /dev/nvme1n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_02 /dev/nvme2n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_03 /dev/nvme3n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_04_c1 /dev/nvme4n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_04_c2 /dev/nvme5n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_05_c1 /dev/nvme9n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_05_c2 /dev/nvme8n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_06_c1 /dev/nvme11n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_06_c2 /dev/nvme10n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_07_c1 /dev/nvme12n1 NVD ONLINE Good
pd_07_c2 /dev/nvme13n1 NVD ONLINE Good

Verify that the disks are added to Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) as follows:

Run asm_script to verify that the AIC disks are added to Oracle ASM. Verify that both disks are successfully added (CACHED and MEMBER). Following is example of default configuration of 80:20 where eight partitions (p1 to p8) are part of the DATA disk group and two partitions (p9 and p10) are part of the RECO diskgroup.

# su gridUser /opt/oracle/oak/bin/stordiag/asm_script.sh 0 6
# su grid /opt/oracle/oak/bin/stordiag/asm_script.sh 0 6 

Tue Nov 28 02:46:20 PST 2023
 
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Nov 28 02:46:20 2023
Version 19.21.0.0.0
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.21.0.0.0
 
SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P1               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P1                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P2               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P2                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P3               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P3                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P4               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P4                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P5               NVD_S04_C1_PHAZ22330P5                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P10              NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P10                        2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P6               NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P6                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P7               NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P7                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P8               NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P8                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P9               NVD_S04_C2_PHAZ22330P9                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P1               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P1                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P2               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P2                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P3               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P3                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P4               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P4                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P5               NVD_S05_C1_PHAZ23330P5                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P10              NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P10                        2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P6               NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P6                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P7               NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P7                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P8               NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P8                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P9               NVD_S05_C2_PHAZ23330P9                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P1               NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P1                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P2               NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P2                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P3               NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P3                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P4               NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P4                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P5               NVD_S06_C1_PHAZ22330P5                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P10              NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P10                        2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P6               NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P6                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P7               NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P7                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P8               NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P8                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P9               NVD_S06_C2_PHAZ22330P9                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P1               NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P1                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P2               NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P2                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P3               NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P3                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P4               NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P4                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P5               NVD_S07_C1_PHAZ22330P5                         1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P10              NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P10                        2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P6               NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P6                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P7               NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P7                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P8               NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P8                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P9               NVD_S07_C2_PHAZ22330P9                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_QRMDSK_P2                                                                       0 NORMAL   ONLINE  CLOSED  FORMER
AFD:SSD_QRMDSK_P1                                                                       0 NORMAL   ONLINE  CLOSED  FORMER

Use the odaadmcli show validation storage errors command to view hard storage errors. Hard errors include having the wrong type of disk inserted into a particular slot, an invalid disk model, or an incorrect disk size.
```
# odaadmcli show validation storage errors
```
Use the odaadmcli show validation storage failures command to view soft validation errors. A typical soft disk error would be an invalid version of the disk firmware.
```
# odaadmcli show validation storage failures
```

Confirm that the oak_storage_conf.xml file shows the number of disks added. For example, if you added four AIC to four SFF, then the oak_storage_conf.xml file must show numberOfDisks as 12, that is, four SFF NVME disks and eight NVMe disks for four AIC.

#cat /opt/oracle/oak/conf/oak_storage_conf.xml 
<!--
This file is created by the ODA software as part of system provisioning
based on system provisioning requests. Values of element nodes can be
changed by OAK in response to storage configuration change operation.
DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE.
-->
<CometConfiguration>
  <OakStorageConfigInfo type="string" dimension="vector" readonly="true" required="true" default="">
    <!--  Number of disks part of OAK -->
    <numberOfDisks>12</numberOfDisks>
    <!--   Number of partitions per disk part of DATA diskgroup in multiple partition scheme   -->
    <!--   Number of partitions per disk part of RECO diskgroup in multiple partition scheme   -->
    <!--   are derived from number of partitions per disk which are part of ASM DATA diskgroup -->
    <numOfDataDiskPartitionInAsm>12</numOfDataDiskPartitionInAsm>
  </OakStorageConfigInfo>
</CometConfiguration>
#

Parent topic: Managing Storage on Single-Node Systems

Managing Storage on High-Availability Systems

Understand the storage for your Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA system.

Note:

For this release of Oracle Database Appliance, you can only expand the storage on X10 at the time of initial deployment and not later.

About Storage Options for Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA
Oracle Database Appliance High-Availability systems have options for high performance and high capacity storage configurations.
Adding Solid-State Drives (SSDs) for Data Storage
Add a pack of solid-state drives (SSDs) for data storage into the existing Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA base configuration to fully populate the base storage shelf.

Parent topic: Managing Storage

About Storage Options for Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA

Oracle Database Appliance High-Availability systems have options for high performance and high capacity storage configurations.

The base configuration of Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA hardware model has six slots (slots 0-5) with 7.68 TB drives of SSD raw storage. If you choose to order and deploy the full storage capacity, then you can fill the remaining 18 slots (slots 6-23) with either SSD or HDD drives. For even more storage, you can add a storage expansion shelf to double the storage capacity of your appliance.

In all configurations, the base storage and the storage expansion shelf each have six SSDs for DATA/RECO in the SSD option or FLASH in the HDD option.

Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA does not allocate dedicated SSD drives for REDO disk groups. Instead, the space for REDO logs is allocated on SSD drives as required.

For Oracle ASM storage, the REDO logs are stored in the available disk group space during database creation, based on the database shape selected. For Oracle ACFS storage, the space for REDO logs is allocated during the database storage creation assuming the minimum db shape (odb1s). If you create the database storage without database, then the space allocated for REDO logs is 4 GB, assuming the minimum db shape (odb1s). Subsequently, when you create a database with your required database shape on the existing database storage, the REDO logs space is extended based on shape of the database.

On Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA High Performance configurations, with only SSD drives, the DATA and RECO disk groups use all the SSD drives whether 6, 12, 18, 24, or 48 with storage expansion shelf. REDO logs are stored in the RECO disk group.

On Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA High Capacity configurations, with both HDD and SSD drives, the DATA and RECO disk groups use the HDD drives, and the SSD drives store the FLASH disk group. REDO logs are stored in the FLASH disk group.

On both High Performance and High Capacity configurations, REDO logs are always created on SSD drives, similar to earlier Oracle Database Appliance hardware models. REDO logs are always created with high redundancy irrespective of the redundancy level of the disk group, whether RECO or FLASH.

High Performance

A high performance configuration uses solid state drives (SSDs) for DATA and RECO storage. The base configuration has six disks, each with 7.68 TB SSD raw storage for DATA and RECO.

You can add up to three (3) 6-Pack SSDs on the base configuration, for a total of 184.32 TB SSD raw storage. If you need more storage, you can double the capacity by adding an expansion shelf of SSD drives. The expansion shelf provides an additional 24 SSDs, each with 7.68TB raw storage for DATA and RECO, for a total of another 184.32 TB SSD raw storage.

Adding an expansion shelf requires that the base storage shelf and expansion shelf are fully populated with SSD drives. When you expand the storage, there is no downtime.

A system fully configured for high performance has 368.64 TB SSD raw storage for DATA and RECO.

High Capacity

A high capacity configuration uses a combination of SSD and HDD drives.

The base configuration has six disks, each with 7.68 TB SSD raw storage for FLASH.

The following expansion options are available:

Base shelf: additional 396 TB HDD raw storage for DATA and RECO (18 HDDs, each with 22 TB storage)
Expansion Storage shelf: additional shelf storage configuration must be identical to the storage configuration of the base shelf.

A system fully configured for high capacity has a total of 884.16 TB raw storage for DATA, RECO, and FLASH, with 92.16 TB SSD and 792 TB HDD.

Table 10-2 Storage Options for Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA

Configuration	Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA SSD-Only Configuration for High Performance	Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA SSD and HDD Configuration for High Capacity
Base configuration	Base storage shelf contains 6 SSDs of 7.68 TB. 6 x 7.68 TB SSD = 46 TB SSD	Base storage shelf is fully populated with 6-pack SSDs of 7.68 TB and 18-drives of HDDs with 22 TB. 6 x 7.68 TB SSD = 46 TB SSD 18 x 22TB HDD = 396 TB HDD Total storage on the first JBOD = 442 TB, with 46 TB SSD and 396 TB HDD
Storage addition options	Base shelf contains 6 SSDs. Additional 18 SSDs must be added in packs of 6. Base system: 6 x 7.68 TB SSD = 46 TB SSD Adding 6 SSDs: 12x 7.68 TB SSD = 92 TB SSD Adding 12 SSDs: 18 x 7.68 TB SSD = 138 TB SSD Adding 18 SSDs: 24 x 7.68 TB SSD = 184 TB SSD (full shelf)	Not applicable. Base storage shelf is fully populated.
Storage shelf expansion options Note: For this release of Oracle Database Appliance, you can only expand the storage on X10 at the time of initial deployment.	The optional expansion storage shelf can only be installed after the base storage shelf is fully populated, and it must have the same configuration as the base storage shelf. Total storage on the base storage shelf = 184 TB SSD Storage on the expansion shelf = 24 x 7.68 TB SSD = 184 TB SSD Total storage including both JBODs = 368.6 TB SSD	The optional expansion storage shelf can only be installed after the base storage shelf is fully populated, and it must have the same configuration as the base storage shelf. Total storage on the base storage shelf = 442 TB, with 46 TB SSD and 396 TB HDD Total storage including both JBODs = 884 TB, with 92 TB SSD and 792 TB HDD

Configuration

Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA SSD-Only Configuration for High Performance

Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA SSD and HDD Configuration for High Capacity

Base configuration

Base storage shelf contains 6 SSDs of 7.68 TB.

6 x 7.68 TB SSD = 46 TB SSD

Base storage shelf is fully populated with 6-pack SSDs of 7.68 TB and 18-drives of HDDs with 22 TB.

6 x 7.68 TB SSD = 46 TB SSD
18 x 22TB HDD = 396 TB HDD
Total storage on the first JBOD = 442 TB, with 46 TB SSD and 396 TB HDD

Storage addition options

Base shelf contains 6 SSDs. Additional 18 SSDs must be added in packs of 6.

Base system: 6 x 7.68 TB SSD = 46 TB SSD
Adding 6 SSDs: 12x 7.68 TB SSD = 92 TB SSD
Adding 12 SSDs: 18 x 7.68 TB SSD = 138 TB SSD
Adding 18 SSDs: 24 x 7.68 TB SSD = 184 TB SSD (full shelf)

Not applicable. Base storage shelf is fully populated.

Storage shelf expansion options

Note: For this release of Oracle Database Appliance, you can only expand the storage on X10 at the time of initial deployment.

The optional expansion storage shelf can only be installed after the base storage shelf is fully populated, and it must have the same configuration as the base storage shelf.
Total storage on the base storage shelf = 184 TB SSD
Storage on the expansion shelf = 24 x 7.68 TB SSD = 184 TB SSD
Total storage including both JBODs = 368.6 TB SSD

The optional expansion storage shelf can only be installed after the base storage shelf is fully populated, and it must have the same configuration as the base storage shelf.
Total storage on the base storage shelf = 442 TB, with 46 TB SSD and 396 TB HDD
Total storage including both JBODs = 884 TB, with 92 TB SSD and 792 TB HDD

Parent topic: Managing Storage on High-Availability Systems

Adding Solid-State Drives (SSDs) for Data Storage

Add a pack of solid-state drives (SSDs) for data storage into the existing Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA base configuration to fully populate the base storage shelf.

If you need to add storage to the base configuration, you can order one, two, or three 6-pack of SSDs to complete the base configuration on Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA.

You must fully populate the base configuration before you can add an expansion shelf to Oracle Database Appliance X10-HA. If you add an expansion shelf, the shelf must have the same disk storage configuration as the base configuration.

Note:

For a high-performance configuration, you can add SSDs to the base storage shelf or add a storage expansion shelf. For high-capacity base configuration with 6-SSDs, if you want to expand storage to use HDDs, then you must reimage and deploy the appliance.

Before adding the disks to the system, ensure that Oracle Database Appliance is on the latest release.

Insert disks one at a time in the slots.

To add one 6-pack of SSDs, insert the disks in slots 6 to 11. To add two 6-pack of SSDs, insert the disks in slots 6 to 17. To add three 6-pack of SSDs, insert the disks in slots 6 to 23.

Note:
Allow at least one minute between inserting each disk.

After all disks are added, go to Step 2.

Run the odaadmcli expand storage command on any node.

# odaadmcli expand storage -ndisk number_of_disks_to_be_added -enclosure enclosure_number_of_the_disks_to_be_added

The enclosure number is 0 when you add storage disks to the first JBOD.

For example:


# odaadmcli expand storage -ndisk 6 -enclosure 0
Running precheck, it may take a few minutes.
Precheck passed.
Check the progress of expansion of storage by executing 'odaadmcli show disk'
Waiting for expansion to finish. It may take several minutes to complete
depending upon the number of disks being expanded
 
odaadmcli expand storage command completed.
Check the status of the newly-expanded disk in OAK by running the odaadmcli show disk command. 
All disks must be in the ONLINE status. Check the status of the newly-expanded disk in Oracle ASM by running the asmcmd lsdsk -p. 
The mount status must be CACHED and the header status must be MEMBER for all the newly-added disks. 
If the status of the newly-added disks in OAK and Oracle ASM are different, then the odaadmcli expand storage command failed.

It takes 10 to 12 minutes to add all of the disks to the configuration.

Run the odaadmcli show disk command to ensure that all disks are listed, are online, and are in a good state.
```
# odaadmcli show disk
```

Verify that the disks in slots 6 to 11 are added to Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM).

Run the asm_script to verify that the disks in slots 6 to 11 are added to Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM). If the 6 disks are successfully added (CACHED and MEMBER), then go to Step 7. Following is example of default configuration of 80:20 where eight partitions (p1 to p8) are part of the DATA disk group and two partitions (p9 and p10) are part of the RECO diskgroup.

# su gridUser /opt/oracle/oak/bin/stordiag/asm_script.sh 1 6

For example:

# su gridUser /opt/oracle/oak/bin/stordiag/asm_script.sh 1 6
# su grid /opt/oracle/oak/bin/stordiag/asm_script.sh 1 6 

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Nov 30 04:57:57 2023
Version 19.21.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.21.0.0.0

SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 
PATH                                     NAME                                GROUP_NUMBER STATE    MODE_ST MOUNT_S HEADER_STATU
---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------ -------- ------- ------- ------------
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P1                SSD_E0_S06_46724304P1                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P10               SSD_E0_S06_46724304P10                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P2                SSD_E0_S06_46724304P2                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P3                SSD_E0_S06_46724304P3                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P4                SSD_E0_S06_46724304P4                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P5                SSD_E0_S06_46724304P5                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P6                SSD_E0_S06_46724304P6                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P7                SSD_E0_S06_46724304P7                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P8                SSD_E0_S06_46724304P8                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S06_46724304P9                SSD_E0_S06_46724304P9                          2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P1                SSD_E0_S07_47182256P1                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P10               SSD_E0_S07_47182256P10                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P2                SSD_E0_S07_47182256P2                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P3                SSD_E0_S07_47182256P3                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P4                SSD_E0_S07_47182256P4                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P5                SSD_E0_S07_47182256P5                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P6                SSD_E0_S07_47182256P6                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P7                SSD_E0_S07_47182256P7                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P8                SSD_E0_S07_47182256P8                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S07_47182256P9                SSD_E0_S07_47182256P9                          2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P1                SSD_E0_S08_46724288P1                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P10               SSD_E0_S08_46724288P10                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P2                SSD_E0_S08_46724288P2                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P3                SSD_E0_S08_46724288P3                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P4                SSD_E0_S08_46724288P4                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P5                SSD_E0_S08_46724288P5                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P6                SSD_E0_S08_46724288P6                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P7                SSD_E0_S08_46724288P7                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P8                SSD_E0_S08_46724288P8                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S08_46724288P9                SSD_E0_S08_46724288P9                          2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P1                SSD_E0_S09_47180592P1                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P10               SSD_E0_S09_47180592P10                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P2                SSD_E0_S09_47180592P2                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P3                SSD_E0_S09_47180592P3                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P4                SSD_E0_S09_47180592P4                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P5                SSD_E0_S09_47180592P5                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P6                SSD_E0_S09_47180592P6                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P7                SSD_E0_S09_47180592P7                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P8                SSD_E0_S09_47180592P8                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S09_47180592P9                SSD_E0_S09_47180592P9                          2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P1                SSD_E0_S10_47182288P1                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P10               SSD_E0_S10_47182288P10                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P2                SSD_E0_S10_47182288P2                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P3                SSD_E0_S10_47182288P3                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P4                SSD_E0_S10_47182288P4                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P5                SSD_E0_S10_47182288P5                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P6                SSD_E0_S10_47182288P6                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P7                SSD_E0_S10_47182288P7                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P8                SSD_E0_S10_47182288P8                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S10_47182288P9                SSD_E0_S10_47182288P9                          2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P1                SSD_E0_S11_46722912P1                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P10               SSD_E0_S11_46722912P10                         2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P2                SSD_E0_S11_46722912P2                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P3                SSD_E0_S11_46722912P3                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P4                SSD_E0_S11_46722912P4                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P5                SSD_E0_S11_46722912P5                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P6                SSD_E0_S11_46722912P6                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P7                SSD_E0_S11_46722912P7                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P8                SSD_E0_S11_46722912P8                          1 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER
AFD:SSD_E0_S11_46722912P9                SSD_E0_S11_46722912P9                          2 NORMAL   ONLINE  CACHED  MEMBER

SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.21.0.0.0
#

Use the odaadmcli show validation storage errors command to view hard storage errors. Hard errors include having the wrong type of disk inserted into a particular slot, an invalid disk model, or an incorrect disk size.
```
# odaadmcli show validation storage errors
```
Use the odaadmcli show validation storage failures command to view soft validation errors. A typical soft disk error would be an invalid version of the disk firmware.
```
# odaadmcli show validation storage failures
```

Confirm that the oak_storage_conf.xml file shows the number of disks added. For example, if you added 6 disks to the base configuration, then the oak_storage_conf.xml file must show numberOfDisks as 12. If you added 12 disks to the base configuration, then the oak_storage_conf.xml file must show 18.

#cat /opt/oracle/oak/conf/oak_storage_conf.xml 
<!--
This file is created by the ODA software as part of system provisioning
based on system provisioning requests. Values of element nodes can be
changed by OAK in response to storage configuration change operation.
DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE.
-->
<CometConfiguration>
  <OakStorageConfigInfo type="string" dimension="vector" readonly="true" required="true" default="">
    <!--  Number of disks part of OAK -->
    <numberOfDisks>12</numberOfDisks>
    <!--   Number of partitions per disk part of DATA diskgroup in multiple partition scheme   -->
    <!--   Number of partitions per disk part of RECO diskgroup in multiple partition scheme   -->
    <!--   are derived from number of partitions per disk which are part of ASM DATA diskgroup -->
    <numOfDataDiskPartitionInAsm>8</numOfDataDiskPartitionInAsm>
  </OakStorageConfigInfo>
</CometConfiguration>
#

Parent topic: Managing Storage on High-Availability Systems