Module java.base

Package java.time.temporal

Enum Class ChronoUnit

java.lang.Object

java.lang.Enum<ChronoUnit>

java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit

All Implemented Interfaces:

Serializable, Comparable<ChronoUnit>, Constable, TemporalUnit

public enum ChronoUnit
extends Enum<ChronoUnit>
implements TemporalUnit

A standard set of date periods units.

This set of units provide unit-based access to manipulate a date, time or date-time. The standard set of units can be extended by implementing TemporalUnit.

These units are intended to be applicable in multiple calendar systems. For example, most non-ISO calendar systems define units of years, months and days, just with slightly different rules. The documentation of each unit explains how it operates.

Implementation Requirements:

This is a final, immutable and thread-safe enum.

Since:

1.8

Nested Class Summary

Nested classes/interfaces declared in class java.lang.Enum

Enum.EnumDesc<E extends Enum<E>>

Enum Constant Summary

Enum Constants

Enum Constant	Description
CENTURIES	Unit that represents the concept of a century.
DAYS	Unit that represents the concept of a day.
DECADES	Unit that represents the concept of a decade.
ERAS	Unit that represents the concept of an era.
FOREVER	Artificial unit that represents the concept of forever.
HALF_DAYS	Unit that represents the concept of half a day, as used in AM/PM.
HOURS	Unit that represents the concept of an hour.
MICROS	Unit that represents the concept of a microsecond.
MILLENNIA	Unit that represents the concept of a millennium.
MILLIS	Unit that represents the concept of a millisecond.
MINUTES	Unit that represents the concept of a minute.
MONTHS	Unit that represents the concept of a month.
NANOS	Unit that represents the concept of a nanosecond, the smallest supported unit of time.
SECONDS	Unit that represents the concept of a second.
WEEKS	Unit that represents the concept of a week.
YEARS	Unit that represents the concept of a year.

Method Summary

Modifier and Type	Method	Description
<R extends Temporal> R	addTo(R temporal, long amount)	Returns a copy of the specified temporal object with the specified period added.
long	between(Temporal temporal1Inclusive, Temporal temporal2Exclusive)	Calculates the amount of time between two temporal objects.
Duration	getDuration()	Gets the estimated duration of this unit in the ISO calendar system.
boolean	isDateBased()	Checks if this unit is a date unit.
boolean	isDurationEstimated()	Checks if the duration of the unit is an estimate.
boolean	isTimeBased()	Checks if this unit is a time unit.
String	toString()	Returns the name of this enum constant, as contained in the declaration.
static ChronoUnit	valueOf(String name)	Returns the enum constant of this class with the specified name.
static ChronoUnit[]	values()	Returns an array containing the constants of this enum class, in the order they are declared.

Methods declared in class java.lang.Enum

clone, compareTo, describeConstable, equals, finalize, getDeclaringClass, hashCode, name, ordinal, toString, valueOf

Methods declared in class java.lang.Object

getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Methods declared in interface java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit

isSupportedBy

Enum Constant Details

NANOS

public static final ChronoUnit NANOS

Unit that represents the concept of a nanosecond, the smallest supported unit of time. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to the 1,000,000,000th part of the second unit.

MICROS

public static final ChronoUnit MICROS

Unit that represents the concept of a microsecond. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to the 1,000,000th part of the second unit.

MILLIS

public static final ChronoUnit MILLIS

Unit that represents the concept of a millisecond. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to the 1000th part of the second unit.

SECONDS

public static final ChronoUnit SECONDS

Unit that represents the concept of a second. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to the second in the SI system of units, except around a leap-second.

MINUTES

public static final ChronoUnit MINUTES

Unit that represents the concept of a minute. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 60 seconds.

HOURS

public static final ChronoUnit HOURS

Unit that represents the concept of an hour. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 60 minutes.

HALF_DAYS

public static final ChronoUnit HALF_DAYS

Unit that represents the concept of half a day, as used in AM/PM. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 12 hours.

DAYS

public static final ChronoUnit DAYS

Unit that represents the concept of a day. For the ISO calendar system, it is the standard day from midnight to midnight. The estimated duration of a day is 24 Hours.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to the day defined by the rising and setting of the Sun on Earth. It is not required that days begin at midnight - when converting between calendar systems, the date should be equivalent at midday.

WEEKS

public static final ChronoUnit WEEKS

Unit that represents the concept of a week. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 7 days.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days.

MONTHS

public static final ChronoUnit MONTHS

Unit that represents the concept of a month. For the ISO calendar system, the length of the month varies by month-of-year. The estimated duration of a month is one twelfth of 365.2425 Days.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days.

YEARS

public static final ChronoUnit YEARS

Unit that represents the concept of a year. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 12 months. The estimated duration of a year is 365.2425 Days.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days or months roughly equal to a year defined by the passage of the Earth around the Sun.

DECADES

public static final ChronoUnit DECADES

Unit that represents the concept of a decade. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 10 years.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days and is normally an integral number of years.

CENTURIES

public static final ChronoUnit CENTURIES

Unit that represents the concept of a century. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 100 years.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days and is normally an integral number of years.

MILLENNIA

public static final ChronoUnit MILLENNIA

Unit that represents the concept of a millennium. For the ISO calendar system, it is equal to 1000 years.

When used with other calendar systems it must correspond to an integral number of days and is normally an integral number of years.

ERAS

public static final ChronoUnit ERAS

Unit that represents the concept of an era. The ISO calendar system doesn't have eras thus it is impossible to add an era to a date or date-time. The estimated duration of the era is artificially defined as 1,000,000,000 Years.

When used with other calendar systems there are no restrictions on the unit.

FOREVER

public static final ChronoUnit FOREVER

Artificial unit that represents the concept of forever. This is primarily used with TemporalField to represent unbounded fields such as the year or era. The estimated duration of this unit is artificially defined as the largest duration supported by Duration.

Method Details

values

public static ChronoUnit[] values()

Returns an array containing the constants of this enum class, in the order they are declared.

Returns:

an array containing the constants of this enum class, in the order they are declared

valueOf

public static ChronoUnit valueOf(String name)

Returns the enum constant of this class with the specified name. The string must match exactly an identifier used to declare an enum constant in this class. (Extraneous whitespace characters are not permitted.)

Parameters:

name - the name of the enum constant to be returned.

Returns:

the enum constant with the specified name

Throws:

IllegalArgumentException - if this enum class has no constant with the specified name

NullPointerException - if the argument is null

getDuration

public Duration getDuration()

Gets the estimated duration of this unit in the ISO calendar system.

All of the units in this class have an estimated duration. Days vary due to daylight saving time, while months have different lengths.

Specified by:

getDuration in interface TemporalUnit

Returns:

the estimated duration of this unit, not null

isDurationEstimated

public boolean isDurationEstimated()

Checks if the duration of the unit is an estimate.

All time units in this class are considered to be accurate, while all date units in this class are considered to be estimated.

This definition ignores leap seconds, but considers that Days vary due to daylight saving time and months have different lengths.

Specified by:

isDurationEstimated in interface TemporalUnit

Returns:

true if the duration is estimated, false if accurate

isDateBased

public boolean isDateBased()

Checks if this unit is a date unit.

All units from days to eras inclusive are date-based. Time-based units and FOREVER return false.

Specified by:

isDateBased in interface TemporalUnit

Returns:

true if a date unit, false if a time unit

isTimeBased

public boolean isTimeBased()

Checks if this unit is a time unit.

All units from nanos to half-days inclusive are time-based. Date-based units and FOREVER return false.

Specified by:

isTimeBased in interface TemporalUnit

Returns:

true if a time unit, false if a date unit

addTo

public <R extends Temporal> R addTo(R temporal,
 long amount)

Description copied from interface: TemporalUnit

Returns a copy of the specified temporal object with the specified period added.

The period added is a multiple of this unit. For example, this method could be used to add "3 days" to a date by calling this method on the instance representing "days", passing the date and the period "3". The period to be added may be negative, which is equivalent to subtraction.

There are two equivalent ways of using this method. The first is to invoke this method directly. The second is to use Temporal.plus(long, TemporalUnit):

   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
   temporal = thisUnit.addTo(temporal);
   temporal = temporal.plus(thisUnit);
 

It is recommended to use the second approach, plus(TemporalUnit), as it is a lot clearer to read in code.

Implementations should perform any queries or calculations using the units available in ChronoUnit or the fields available in ChronoField. If the unit is not supported an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException must be thrown.

Implementations must not alter the specified temporal object. Instead, an adjusted copy of the original must be returned. This provides equivalent, safe behavior for immutable and mutable implementations.

Specified by:

addTo in interface TemporalUnit

Type Parameters:

R - the type of the Temporal object

Parameters:

temporal - the temporal object to adjust, not null

amount - the amount of this unit to add, positive or negative

Returns:

the adjusted temporal object, not null

between

public long between(Temporal temporal1Inclusive,
 Temporal temporal2Exclusive)

Description copied from interface: TemporalUnit

Calculates the amount of time between two temporal objects.

This calculates the amount in terms of this unit. The start and end points are supplied as temporal objects and must be of compatible types. The implementation will convert the second type to be an instance of the first type before the calculating the amount. The result will be negative if the end is before the start. For example, the amount in hours between two temporal objects can be calculated using HOURS.between(startTime, endTime).

The calculation returns a whole number, representing the number of complete units between the two temporals. For example, the amount in hours between the times 11:30 and 13:29 will only be one hour as it is one minute short of two hours.

There are two equivalent ways of using this method. The first is to invoke this method directly. The second is to use Temporal.until(Temporal, TemporalUnit):

   // these two lines are equivalent
   between = thisUnit.between(start, end);
   between = start.until(end, thisUnit);
 

The choice should be made based on which makes the code more readable.

For example, this method allows the number of days between two dates to be calculated:

  long daysBetween = DAYS.between(start, end);
  // or alternatively
  long daysBetween = start.until(end, DAYS);
 

Implementations should perform any queries or calculations using the units available in ChronoUnit or the fields available in ChronoField. If the unit is not supported an UnsupportedTemporalTypeException must be thrown. Implementations must not alter the specified temporal objects.

Specified by:

between in interface TemporalUnit

Parameters:

temporal1Inclusive - the base temporal object, not null

temporal2Exclusive - the other temporal object, exclusive, not null

Returns:

the amount of time between temporal1Inclusive and temporal2Exclusive in terms of this unit; positive if temporal2Exclusive is later than temporal1Inclusive, negative if earlier

toString

public String toString()

Description copied from class: Enum

Returns the name of this enum constant, as contained in the declaration. This method may be overridden, though it typically isn't necessary or desirable. An enum class should override this method when a more "programmer-friendly" string form exists.

Specified by:

toString in interface TemporalUnit

Overrides:

toString in class Enum<ChronoUnit>

Returns:

the name of this enum constant