Observação:

Este tutorial requer acesso ao Oracle Cloud. Para se inscrever e obter uma conta gratuita, consulte Conceitos Básicos do Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Free Tier.
Ele usa valores de exemplo para credenciais, tenancy e compartimentos do Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. Ao concluir seu laboratório, substitua esses valores por valores específicos do seu ambiente de nuvem.

Ativar a Capacidade do Tipo de Dados Estendido para bancos de dados Oracle

Introdução

O Oracle Database 12c introduziu o parâmetro MAX_STRING_SIZE, que controla o tamanho máximo dos tipos de dados VARCHAR2, NVARCHAR2 e RAW. A definição do parâmetro MAX_STRING_SIZE como EXTENDED permite que o tamanho do tipo de dados seja limite de 32767 bytes. Ao definir MAX_STRING_SIZE como valor EXTENDED, o parâmetro de inicialização COMPATIBLE do banco de dados deve ser 12.0.0.0 ou versão superior.

Este tutorial detalha as tarefas de Habilitar o Oracle Database para aproveitar os novos tipos de dados estendidos que requerem ações de upgrade específicas.

Objetivos

Aproveite os tipos de dados de suporte VARCHAR2, NVARCHAR2 e RAW para o limite de 32767 bytes.

Pré-requisitos

A versão do banco de dados deve ser Oracle 12.2 OU posterior.

Tarefa 1: Definir o Tipo de Dados Estendido em um Banco de Dados Não Contêiner

Execute o seguinte comando.

SQL> SHOW PARAMETER MAX_STRING_

| NAME            | TYPE   | VALUE    |
| --------------- | ------ | -------- |
| max_string_size | string | STANDARD |

Inicie o banco de dados no modo de upgrade.

SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL>STARTUP UPGRADE

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area   1.4663E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                 15697000 bytes
Variable Size              1.1878E+10 bytes
Database Buffers           2717908992 bytes
Redo Buffers               51404800 bytes

Database mounted.
Database opened.

Altere o valor MAX_STRING_SIZE para EXTENDED.

SQL>  alter system set MAX_STRING_SIZE='EXTENDED' SCOPE=BOTH;

System altered.

SQL> show parameter MAX_STRING_SIZE

| NAME            | TYPE   | VALUE    |
| --------------- | ------ | -------- |
| max_string_size | string | EXTENDED |

Execute o script utl32k.sql: @?/rdbms/admin/utl32k.sql.

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utl32k.sql

Session altered.

DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> error if the database has not been opened for UPGRADE.
DOC>
DOC> Perform a "SHUTDOWN ABORT" and
DOC> restart using UPGRADE.
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#

no rows selected

DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> error if the database does not have compatible >= 12.0.0
DOC>
DOC> Set compatible >= 12.0.0 and retry.
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Session altered.

1524 rows updated.

Commit complete.

System altered.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Commit complete.

System altered.

Session altered.

Session altered.

Table created.

Table created.

Table created.

Table truncated.

0 rows created.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

no rows selected

DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> error if we encountered an error while modifying a column to
DOC> account for data type length change as a result of enabling or
DOC> disabling 32k types.
DOC>
DOC> Contact Oracle support for assistance.
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Commit complete.

Reinicie o banco de dados.

shutdown immediate;
startup

SQL> show parameter max_string

| NAME            | TYPE   | VALUE    |
| --------------- | ------ | -------- |
| max_string_size | string | EXTENDED |

Tarefa 2: Definir o Tipo de Dados Estendido em um Banco de Dados Contêiner (CDB$ROOT)

Execute os comandos a seguir.

[oracle@vm4 ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Sep 7 13:26:41 2023

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c EE Extreme Perf Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> SHOW PARAMETER MAX_STRING_

| NAME            | TYPE   | VALUE    |
| --------------- | ------ | -------- |
| max_string_size | string | STANDARD |

SQL> show pdbs;

| CON_ID | CON_NAME    | OPEN MODE  | RESTRICTED |
| ------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 2      | PDB$SEED    | READ ONLY  | NO         |
| 3      | RATPRD_PDB1 | READ WRITE | NO         |

[oracle@vm4 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
[oracle@vm4 admin]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin
[oracle@vm4 ~]$  mkdir -p /home/oracle/mydir/utl32k_cdb_pdbs_output
[oracle@vm4 ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Sep 7 13:30:18 2023

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c EE Extreme Perf Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=CDB$ROOT;

Session altered.

Altere o valor MAX_STRING_SIZE para EXTENDED.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET MAX_STRING_SIZE=extended SCOPE=SPFILE;

System altered.

Inicie o banco de dados no modo de upgrade.

SQL> shutdown;

Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup upgrade;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 3.2749E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                 12351112 bytes
Variable Size            4160751992 bytes
Database Buffers         2.8387E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers              188973056 bytes

Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> exit

Execute o script catcon.pl.

Observação: Use o script catcon.pl para executar o script rdbms/admin/utl32k.sql na raiz e em todos os PDBs no CDB para aumentar o tamanho máximo das colunas VARCHAR2, NVARCHAR2 e RAW. A opção -force_pdb_mode 'UPGRADE' é usada para garantir que todos os PDBs, incluindo clones raiz de aplicativos, sejam abertos no modo de migração. Informe a senha SYS quando solicitado.

[oracle@vm4 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catcon.pl -u SYS --force_pdb_mode 'UPGRADE' -d $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin -l '/home/oracle/mydir/utl32k_cdb_pdbs_output' -b utl32k_cdb_pdbs_output utl32k.sql
catcon: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/home/oracle/mydir/utl32k_cdb_pdbs_output/utl32k_cdb_pdbs_output_catcon_88242.lst]
catcon: See [/home/oracle/mydir/utl32k_cdb_pdbs_output/utl32k_cdb_pdbs_output*.log] files for output generated by scripts
catcon: See [/home/oracle/mydir/utl32k_cdb_pdbs_output/utl32k_cdb_pdbs_output_*.lst] files for spool files, if any
Enter Password:    -> enter sys password
catcon.pl: completed successfully
[oracle@vm4 ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Sep 7 13:48:56 2023

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c EE Extreme Perf Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> startup;

ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first

SQL> shut immediate;

Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 3.2749E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                 12351112 bytes
Variable Size            4160751992 bytes
Database Buffers         2.8387E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers              188973056 bytes

Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> show parameter max_string_size;

| NAME            | TYPE   | VALUE    |
| --------------- | ------ | -------- |
| max_string_size | string | EXTENDED |

Tarefa 3: Definir o Tipo de Dados estendido no PDB

Execute os comandos a seguir para alterar o banco de dados.

SQL> alter session set container = RATPRD_PDB1;

Session altered.

SQL> show pdbs

| CON_ID | CON_NAME    | OPEN MODE  | RESTRICTED |
| ------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 3      | RATPRD_PDB1 | READ WRITE | NO         |

SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE RATPRD_PDB1 CLOSE IMMEDIATE;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL>  show pdbs

| CON_ID | CON_NAME    | OPEN MODE | RESTRICTED |
| ------ | ----------- | --------- | ---------- |
| 3      | RATPRD_PDB1 | MOUNTED   |

Abra o PDB RATPRD_PDB1 no modo de upgrade, necessário para modificar o parâmetro max_string_size.

SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE RATPRD_PDB1 OPEN UPGRADE;

$
Pluggable database altered.

SQL>  show pdbs;

| CON_ID | CON_NAME    | OPEN MODE | RESTRICTED |
| ------ | ----------- | --------- | ---------- |
| 3      | RATPRD_PDB1 | MIGRATE   | YES        |

Execute utl32k.sql para modificar o tamanho máximo das colunas VARCHAR2,NVARCHAR2 e RAW no PDB RATPRD_PDB1.

SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utl32k.sql;

Session altered.

DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> error if the database has not been opened for UPGRADE.
DOC>
DOC> Perform a "SHUTDOWN ABORT" and
DOC> restart using UPGRADE.
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#

no rows selected

DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> error if the database does not have compatible >= 12.0.0
DOC>
DOC> Set compatible >= 12.0.0 and retry.
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Session altered.

0 rows updated.

Commit complete.

System altered.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Commit complete.

System altered.

Session altered.

Session altered.

Table created.

Table created.

Table created.

Table truncated.

0 rows created.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

STARTTIME :

09/07/2023 14:32:06.790646000

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

No errors.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Session altered.

Session altered.

0 rows created.

no rows selected

no rows selected

DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC> The following statement will cause an "ORA-01722: invalid number"
DOC> error if we encountered an error while modifying a column to
DOC> account for data type length change as a result of enabling or
DOC> disabling 32k types.
DOC>
DOC> Contact Oracle support for assistance.
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#######################################################################
DOC>#

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Commit complete.

Package altered.

Package altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

| CON_ID | CON_NAME    | OPEN MODE | RESTRICTED |
| ------ | ----------- | --------- | ---------- |
| 3      | RATPRD_PDB1 | MIGRATE   | YES        |

SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE RATPRD_PDB1 CLOSE IMMEDIATE;

Pluggable database altered.

Valide o valor do parâmetro max_string_size alterado para EXTENDED.

SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE RATPRD_PDB1 open ;

Pluggable database altered.

SQL>  show pdbs;

| CON_ID | CON_NAME    | OPEN MODE  | RESTRICTED |
| ------ | ----------- | ---------- | ---------- |
| 3      | RATPRD_PDB1 | READ WRITE | NO         |

SQL> show parameter max_string_size;

| NAME            | TYPE   | VALUE    |
| --------------- | ------ | -------- |
| max_string_size | string | EXTENDED |

Referência do Oracle Database: MAX_STRING_SIZE

Confirmações

Autor - Hakim Ahamad (Arquiteto de Nuvem Principal)

Mais Recursos de Aprendizagem

Explore outros laboratórios no site docs.oracle.com/learn ou acesse mais conteúdo de aprendizado gratuito no canal YouTube do Oracle Learning. Além disso, visite education.oracle.com/learning-explorer para se tornar um Oracle Learning Explorer.

Para obter a documentação do produto, visite o Oracle Help Center.

Título e Informações de Copyright

Enable the Extended Data Type Capability for Oracle databases

F87592-01

October 2023