為範例應用程式建立安裝程序檔

您可以為範例應用程式建立安裝命令檔。

下列命令檔適用於開發簡單 Oracle Database 應用程式中的應用程式：

您可以依任何順序建立指令檔。若要建立 schemas.sql 和 create_app.sql，您必須使用文字編輯器。如果要建立其他命令檔，您可以使用文字編輯器或 SQL Developer。

建立安裝指令檔 schemas.sql

安裝命令檔 schemas.sql 會在建置環境中執行您在「建立應用程式的綱要」和「將權限授予綱要」開發環境中執行的動作。

若要建立 schema.sql，請在任何文字編輯器中輸入下列文字，然後將檔案另存為 schemas.sql。

注意：選擇安全密碼。有關安全密碼的準則，請參閱 Oracle Database Security Guide。

-----------------
-- Create schemas
-----------------

DROP USER app_data CASCADE;

CREATE USER app_data IDENTIFIED BY password
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON USERS
ENABLE EDITIONS;

DROP USER app_code CASCADE;

CREATE USER app_code IDENTIFIED BY password
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON USERS
ENABLE EDITIONS;

DROP USER app_admin CASCADE;

CREATE USER app_admin IDENTIFIED BY password
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS
QUOTA UNLIMITED ON USERS
ENABLE EDITIONS;

DROP USER app_user CASCADE;

CREATE USER app_user IDENTIFIED BY password
ENABLE EDITIONS;

DROP USER app_admin_user CASCADE;

CREATE USER app_admin_user IDENTIFIED BY password
ENABLE EDITIONS;

------------------------------
-- Grant privileges to schemas
------------------------------

GRANT CREATE SESSION TO app_data;
GRANT CREATE TABLE, CREATE VIEW, CREATE TRIGGER, CREATE SEQUENCE TO app_data;
GRANT SELECT ON HR.DEPARTMENTS TO app_data;
GRANT SELECT ON HR.EMPLOYEES TO app_data;
GRANT SELECT ON HR.JOB_HISTORY TO app_data;
GRANT SELECT ON HR.JOBS TO app_data;

GRANT CREATE SESSION, CREATE PROCEDURE, CREATE SYNONYM TO app_code;

GRANT CREATE SESSION, CREATE PROCEDURE, CREATE SYNONYM TO app_admin;

GRANT CREATE SESSION, CREATE SYNONYM TO app_user;

GRANT CREATE SESSION, CREATE SYNONYM TO app_admin_user;

另請參閱：「應用程式的綱要」以取得範例應用程式的綱要描述

建立安裝 Script objects.sql

安裝命令檔 object.sql 會在建置環境中執行您在「建立綱要物件並載入資料」開發環境中執行的工作。

您可以使用文字編輯器或 SQL Developer 來建立 object.sql。

若要在任何文字編輯器中建立 objects.sql，請輸入下列文字，然後將檔案另存為 objects.sql。對於密碼，請使用 schema.sql 指定何時建立使用者 app_data 的密碼。

備註：只有在部署環境具有標準 HR 結構描述時，載入資料的 INSERT 陳述式才會運作。如果沒有，請使用 SQL Developer 來建立命令檔，以從來源表格 (在開發環境中) 載入含有資料的新表格 (在建置環境中)，或修改下列命令檔中的 INSERT 敘述句。

------------------------
-- Create schema objects
------------------------

CONNECT app_data/*password*

CREATE TABLE jobs#
( job_id      VARCHAR2(10)
              CONSTRAINT jobs_pk PRIMARY KEY,
  job_title   VARCHAR2(35)
              CONSTRAINT jobs_job_title_not_null NOT NULL,
  min_salary  NUMBER(6)
              CONSTRAINT jobs_min_salary_not_null NOT NULL,
  max_salary  NUMBER(6)
              CONSTRAINT jobs_max_salary_not_null NOT NULL
)
/

CREATE TABLE departments#
( department_id    NUMBER(4)
                   CONSTRAINT departments_pk PRIMARY KEY,
  department_name  VARCHAR2(30)
                   CONSTRAINT dept_department_name_not_null NOT NULL
                   CONSTRAINT dept_department_name_unique UNIQUE,
  manager_id       NUMBER(6)
)
/

CREATE TABLE employees#
( employee_id     NUMBER(6)
                  CONSTRAINT employees_pk PRIMARY KEY,
  first_name      VARCHAR2(20)
                  CONSTRAINT emp_first_name_not_null NOT NULL,
  last_name       VARCHAR2(25)
                  CONSTRAINT emp_last_name_not_null NOT NULL,
  email_addr      VARCHAR2(25)
                  CONSTRAINT emp_email_addr_not_null NOT NULL,
  hire_date       DATE
                  DEFAULT TRUNC(SYSDATE)
                  CONSTRAINT emp_hire_date_not_null NOT NULL
                  CONSTRAINT emp_hire_date_check
                    CHECK(TRUNC(hire_date) = hire_date),
  country_code    VARCHAR2(5)
                  CONSTRAINT emp_country_code_not_null NOT NULL,
  phone_number    VARCHAR2(20)
                  CONSTRAINT emp_phone_number_not_null NOT NULL,
  job_id          CONSTRAINT emp_job_id_not_null NOT NULL
                  CONSTRAINT emp_to_jobs_fk REFERENCES jobs#,
  job_start_date  DATE
                  CONSTRAINT emp_job_start_date_not_null NOT NULL,
                  CONSTRAINT emp_job_start_date_check
                    CHECK(TRUNC(JOB_START_DATE) = job_start_date),
  salary          NUMBER(6)
                  CONSTRAINT emp_salary_not_null NOT NULL,
  manager_id      CONSTRAINT emp_mgrid_to_emp_empid_fk REFERENCES employees#,
  department_id   CONSTRAINT emp_to_dept_fk REFERENCES departments#
)
/

CREATE TABLE job_history#
( employee_id  CONSTRAINT job_hist_to_emp_fk REFERENCES employees#,
  job_id       CONSTRAINT job_hist_to_jobs_fk REFERENCES jobs#,
  start_date   DATE
               CONSTRAINT job_hist_start_date_not_null NOT NULL,
  end_date     DATE
               CONSTRAINT job_hist_end_date_not_null NOT NULL,
  department_id
             CONSTRAINT job_hist_to_dept_fk REFERENCES departments#
             CONSTRAINT job_hist_dept_id_not_null NOT NULL,
             CONSTRAINT job_history_pk PRIMARY KEY(employee_id,start_date),
             CONSTRAINT job_history_date_check CHECK( start_date < end_date )
)
/

CREATE EDITIONING VIEW jobs AS SELECT * FROM jobs#
/
CREATE EDITIONING VIEW departments AS SELECT * FROM departments#
/
CREATE EDITIONING VIEW employees AS SELECT * FROM employees#
/
CREATE EDITIONING VIEW job_history AS SELECT * FROM job_history#
/

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER employees_aiufer
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OF salary, job_id ON employees FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
  l_cnt NUMBER;
BEGIN
  LOCK TABLE jobs IN SHARE MODE;  -- Ensure that jobs does not change
                                  -- during the following query.
  SELECT COUNT(*) INTO l_cnt
  FROM jobs
  WHERE job_id = :NEW.job_id
  AND :NEW.salary BETWEEN min_salary AND max_salary;

  IF (l_cnt<>1) THEN
    RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR( -20002,
      CASE
        WHEN :new.job_id = :old.job_id
        THEN 'Salary modification invalid'
        ELSE 'Job reassignment puts salary out of range'
      END );
  END IF;
END;
/

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER jobs_aufer
AFTER UPDATE OF min_salary, max_salary ON jobs FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (NEW.min_salary > OLD.min_salary OR NEW.max_salary < OLD.max_salary)
DECLARE
  l_cnt NUMBER;
BEGIN
  LOCK TABLE employees IN SHARE MODE;

  SELECT COUNT(*) INTO l_cnt
  FROM employees
  WHERE job_id = :NEW.job_id
  AND salary NOT BETWEEN :NEW.min_salary and :NEW.max_salary;

  IF (l_cnt>0) THEN
    RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR( -20001,
      'Salary update would violate ' || l_cnt || ' existing employee records' );
  END IF;
END;
/

CREATE SEQUENCE employees_sequence START WITH 210;
CREATE SEQUENCE departments_sequence START WITH 275;

------------
-- Load data
------------

INSERT INTO jobs (job_id, job_title, min_salary, max_salary)
SELECT job_id, job_title, min_salary, max_salary
  FROM HR.JOBS
/

INSERT INTO departments (department_id, department_name, manager_id)
SELECT department_id, department_name, manager_id
  FROM HR.DEPARTMENTS
/

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, email_addr,
  hire_date, country_code, phone_number, job_id, job_start_date, salary,
  manager_id, department_id)
SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name, email, hire_date,
  CASE WHEN phone_number LIKE '011.%'
    THEN '+' || SUBSTR( phone_number, INSTR( phone_number, '.' )+1,
      INSTR( phone_number, '.', 1, 2 ) -  INSTR( phone_number, '.' ) - 1 )
    ELSE '+1'
  END country_code,
  CASE WHEN phone_number LIKE '011.%'
    THEN SUBSTR( phone_number, INSTR(phone_number, '.', 1, 2 )+1 )
    ELSE phone_number
  END phone_number,
  job_id,
  NVL( (SELECT MAX(end_date+1)
        FROM HR.JOB_HISTORY jh
        WHERE jh.employee_id = employees.employee_id), hire_date),
  salary, manager_id, department_id
  FROM HR.EMPLOYEES
/

INSERT INTO job_history (employee_id, job_id, start_date, end_date,
  department_id)
SELECT employee_id, job_id, start_date, end_date, department_id
  FROM HR.JOB_HISTORY
/

COMMIT;

-----------------------------
-- Add foreign key constraint
-----------------------------

ALTER TABLE departments#
ADD CONSTRAINT dept_to_emp_fk
FOREIGN KEY(manager_id) REFERENCES employees#;

----------------------------------------------
-- Grant privileges on schema objects to users
----------------------------------------------

GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON employees TO app_code;
GRANT SELECT ON departments TO app_code;
GRANT SELECT ON jobs TO app_code;
GRANT SELECT, INSERT on job_history TO app_code;
GRANT SELECT ON employees_sequence TO app_code;

GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON jobs TO app_admin;
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON departments TO app_admin;
GRANT SELECT ON employees_sequence TO app_admin;
GRANT SELECT ON departments_sequence TO app_admin;

GRANT SELECT ON jobs TO app_admin_user;
GRANT SELECT ON departments TO app_admin_user;

另請參閱：

建立安裝指令檔 employees.sql

安裝指令碼 employees.sql 會在部署環境中執行您在開發環境中在「 Creating the employees_pkg Package 」中執行的動作。

您可以使用文字編輯器或 SQL Developer 來建立 employees.sql。

若要在任何文字編輯器中建立 employees.sql，請輸入下列文字，並將檔案另存為 employees.sql。若為密碼，請使用 schema.sql 指定何時建立使用者 app_code 的密碼。

-----------------------
-- Create employees_pkg
-----------------------

CONNECT app_code/*password*

CREATE SYNONYM employees FOR app_data.employees;
CREATE SYNONYM departments FOR app_data.departments;
CREATE SYNONYM jobs FOR app_data.jobs;
CREATE SYNONYM job_history FOR app_data.job_history;

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE employees_pkg
AS
  PROCEDURE get_employees_in_dept
    ( p_deptno     IN     employees.department_id%TYPE,
      p_result_set IN OUT SYS_REFCURSOR );

  PROCEDURE get_job_history
    ( p_employee_id  IN     employees.department_id%TYPE,
      p_result_set   IN OUT SYS_REFCURSOR );

  PROCEDURE show_employee
    ( p_employee_id  IN     employees.employee_id%TYPE,
      p_result_set   IN OUT SYS_REFCURSOR );

  PROCEDURE update_salary
    ( p_employee_id IN employees.employee_id%TYPE,
      p_new_salary  IN employees.salary%TYPE );

  PROCEDURE change_job
    ( p_employee_id IN employees.employee_id%TYPE,
      p_new_job     IN employees.job_id%TYPE,
      p_new_salary  IN employees.salary%TYPE := NULL,
      p_new_dept    IN employees.department_id%TYPE := NULL );
END employees_pkg;
/

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY employees_pkg
AS
  PROCEDURE get_employees_in_dept
    ( p_deptno     IN     employees.department_id%TYPE,
      p_result_set IN OUT SYS_REFCURSOR )
  IS
     l_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
  BEGIN
    OPEN p_result_set FOR
      SELECT e.employee_id,
        e.first_name || ' ' || e.last_name name,
        TO_CHAR( e.hire_date, 'Dy Mon ddth, yyyy' ) hire_date,
        j.job_title,
        m.first_name || ' ' || m.last_name manager,
        d.department_name
      FROM employees e INNER JOIN jobs j ON (e.job_id = j.job_id)
        LEFT OUTER JOIN employees m ON (e.manager_id = m.employee_id)
        INNER JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)
      WHERE e.department_id = p_deptno ;
  END get_employees_in_dept;

  PROCEDURE get_job_history
    ( p_employee_id  IN     employees.department_id%TYPE,
      p_result_set   IN OUT SYS_REFCURSOR )
  IS
  BEGIN
    OPEN p_result_set FOR
      SELECT e.First_name || ' ' || e.last_name name, j.job_title,
        e.job_start_date start_date,
        TO_DATE(NULL) end_date
      FROM employees e INNER JOIN jobs j ON (e.job_id = j.job_id)
      WHERE e.employee_id = p_employee_id
      UNION ALL
      SELECT e.First_name || ' ' || e.last_name name,
        j.job_title,
        jh.start_date,
        jh.end_date
      FROM employees e INNER JOIN job_history jh
        ON (e.employee_id = jh.employee_id)
        INNER JOIN jobs j ON (jh.job_id = j.job_id)
      WHERE e.employee_id = p_employee_id
      ORDER BY start_date DESC;
  END get_job_history;

  PROCEDURE show_employee
    ( p_employee_id  IN     employees.employee_id%TYPE,
      p_result_set   IN OUT sys_refcursor )
  IS
  BEGIN
    OPEN p_result_set FOR
      SELECT *
      FROM (SELECT TO_CHAR(e.employee_id) employee_id,
              e.first_name || ' ' || e.last_name name,
              e.email_addr,
              TO_CHAR(e.hire_date,'dd-mon-yyyy') hire_date,
              e.country_code,
              e.phone_number,
              j.job_title,
              TO_CHAR(e.job_start_date,'dd-mon-yyyy') job_start_date,
              to_char(e.salary) salary,
              m.first_name || ' ' || m.last_name manager,
              d.department_name
            FROM employees e INNER JOIN jobs j on (e.job_id = j.job_id)
              RIGHT OUTER JOIN employees m ON (m.employee_id = e.manager_id)
              INNER JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)
            WHERE e.employee_id = p_employee_id)
      UNPIVOT (VALUE FOR ATTRIBUTE IN (employee_id, name, email_addr, hire_date,
        country_code, phone_number, job_title, job_start_date, salary, manager,
        department_name) );
  END show_employee;

  PROCEDURE update_salary
    ( p_employee_id IN employees.employee_id%type,
      p_new_salary  IN employees.salary%type )
  IS
  BEGIN
    UPDATE employees
    SET salary = p_new_salary
    WHERE employee_id = p_employee_id;
  END update_salary;

  PROCEDURE change_job
    ( p_employee_id IN employees.employee_id%TYPE,
      p_new_job     IN employees.job_id%TYPE,
      p_new_salary  IN employees.salary%TYPE := NULL,
      p_new_dept    IN employees.department_id%TYPE := NULL )
  IS
  BEGIN
    INSERT INTO job_history (employee_id, start_date, end_date, job_id,
      department_id)
    SELECT employee_id, job_start_date, TRUNC(SYSDATE), job_id, department_id
      FROM employees
      WHERE employee_id = p_employee_id;

    UPDATE employees
    SET job_id = p_new_job,
      department_id = NVL( p_new_dept, department_id ),
      salary = NVL( p_new_salary, salary ),
      job_start_date = TRUNC(SYSDATE)
    WHERE employee_id = p_employee_id;
  END change_job;
END employees_pkg;
/

---------------------------------------------
-- Grant privileges on employees_pkg to users
---------------------------------------------

GRANT EXECUTE ON employees_pkg TO app_user;
GRANT EXECUTE ON employees_pkg TO app_admin_user;

另請參閱：

正在建立安裝指令碼 admin.sql

安裝命令檔 admin.sql 會在建置環境中執行您在「建立 admin_pkg 套裝程式」的開發環境中執行的工作。

您可以使用文字編輯器或 SQL Developer 來建立 admin.sql。

若要在任何文字編輯器中建立 admin.sql，請輸入下列文字，然後將檔案儲存為 admin.sql。若為密碼，請使用 schema.sql 指定何時建立使用者 app_admin 的密碼。

-------------------
-- Create admin_pkg
-------------------

CONNECT app_admin/*password*

CREATE SYNONYM departments FOR app_data.departments;
CREATE SYNONYM jobs FOR app_data.jobs;
CREATE SYNONYM departments_sequence FOR app_data.departments_sequence;

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE admin_pkg
AS
  PROCEDURE update_job
    ( p_job_id      IN jobs.job_id%TYPE,
      p_job_title   IN jobs.job_title%TYPE := NULL,
      p_min_salary  IN jobs.min_salary%TYPE := NULL,
      p_max_salary  IN jobs.max_salary%TYPE := NULL );

  PROCEDURE add_job
    ( p_job_id      IN jobs.job_id%TYPE,
      p_job_title   IN jobs.job_title%TYPE,
      p_min_salary  IN jobs.min_salary%TYPE,
      p_max_salary  IN jobs.max_salary%TYPE );

  PROCEDURE update_department
    ( p_department_id     IN departments.department_id%TYPE,
      p_department_name   IN departments.department_name%TYPE := NULL,
      p_manager_id        IN departments.manager_id%TYPE := NULL,
      p_update_manager_id IN BOOLEAN := FALSE );

  FUNCTION add_department
    ( p_department_name   IN departments.department_name%TYPE,
      p_manager_id        IN departments.manager_id%TYPE )
    RETURN departments.department_id%TYPE;

END admin_pkg;
/

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY admin_pkg
AS
  PROCEDURE update_job
    ( p_job_id      IN jobs.job_id%TYPE,
      p_job_title   IN jobs.job_title%TYPE := NULL,
      p_min_salary  IN jobs.min_salary%TYPE := NULL,
      p_max_salary  IN jobs.max_salary%TYPE := NULL )
  IS
  BEGIN
    UPDATE jobs
    SET job_title  = NVL( p_job_title, job_title ),
        min_salary = NVL( p_min_salary, min_salary ),
        max_salary = NVL( p_max_salary, max_salary )
    WHERE job_id = p_job_id;
  END update_job;

  PROCEDURE add_job
    ( p_job_id      IN jobs.job_id%TYPE,
      p_job_title   IN jobs.job_title%TYPE,
      p_min_salary  IN jobs.min_salary%TYPE,
      p_max_salary  IN jobs.max_salary%TYPE )
  IS
  BEGIN
    INSERT INTO jobs ( job_id, job_title, min_salary, max_salary )
    VALUES ( p_job_id, p_job_title, p_min_salary, p_max_salary );
  END add_job;

  PROCEDURE update_department
    ( p_department_id     IN departments.department_id%TYPE,
      p_department_name   IN departments.department_name%TYPE := NULL,
      p_manager_id        IN departments.manager_id%TYPE := NULL,
      p_update_manager_id IN BOOLEAN := FALSE )
  IS
  BEGIN
    IF ( p_update_manager_id ) THEN
      UPDATE departments
      SET department_name = NVL( p_department_name, department_name ),
          manager_id = p_manager_id
      WHERE department_id = p_department_id;
    ELSE
      UPDATE departments
      SET department_name = NVL( p_department_name, department_name )
      WHERE department_id = p_department_id;
    END IF;
  END update_department;

  FUNCTION add_department
    ( p_department_name   IN departments.department_name%TYPE,
      p_manager_id        IN departments.manager_id%TYPE )
    RETURN departments.department_id%TYPE
  IS
    l_department_id departments.department_id%TYPE;
  BEGIN
    INSERT INTO departments ( department_id, department_name, manager_id )
      VALUES ( departments_sequence.NEXTVAL, p_department_name, p_manager_id )
      RETURNING department_id INTO l_department_id;
    RETURN l_department_id;
  END add_department;

END admin_pkg;
/

----------------------------------------
-- Grant privileges on admin_pkg to user
----------------------------------------

GRANT EXECUTE ON admin_pkg TO app_admin_user;

另請參閱：

建立主要安裝命令檔 create_app.sql

主安裝命令檔 create_app.sql 會以正確的順序為範例應用程式執行其他四個安裝命令檔，以在部署環境中部署範例應用程式。

若要建立 create_app.sql，請在任何文字編輯器中輸入下列文字，並將檔案另存為 create_app.sql：

@schemas.sql
@objects.sql
@employees.sql
@admin.sql