Oracle9i Real Application Clusters Installation and Configuration
Release 1 (9.0.1)

Part Number A89868-02
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10
Migrating to Real Application Clusters

This chapter describes procedures for migrating from single instance to cluster-enabled Real Application Clusters databases. The topics in this chapter are:

Moving from a Single Instance to Real Application Clusters

This section explains how to enable your single instance database to support Real Application Clusters. It also explains how to begin a project with a single instance Oracle database and migrate to Real Application Clusters. This section covers the following topics:

Deciding to Migrate

You may decide to migrate to a cluster database when you have designed your application with Real Application Clusters in mind. However, do not migrate to Real Application Clusters if:

You can migrate to Real Application Clusters and use a non-shared file system. To do this, copy the ORACLE_HOME to the identical location on each node in your cluster. You can also use Oracle with a clustered file system.

Preparing to Migrate

To migrate to Real Application Clusters, consider both the hardware and software requirements and the administrative issues as described in this section.

Hardware and Software Requirements

To migrate to Real Application Clusters you must have:

Administrative Issues of Migrating Your Application from a Single Instance to a Cluster-Enabled Environment

Note the following administrative issues of conversion:

Migrating Databases from Single Instance to Cluster-Enabled Environments

This procedure explains how to migrate a database from single instance to cluster-enabled Oracle. This procedure assumes you are currently using a file system for your single instance Oracle. To use Real Application Clusters, you must migrate the database from the file system to raw devices.

If your database already uses a shared file system, review the additional notes about these procedures under the heading "Migrating to Real Application Clusters When Using Raw Devices or Shared File Systems".

To migrate a database from a single instance to Real Application Clusters, complete the following procedures:

Task 1: Configure Hardware

Task 2: Create Raw Devices

Task 3: Evaluate Tablespaces and Log Files of Single Instance

Task 4: Export Data from Old Database

Task 5: Install Operating System-Dependent Cluster Software

Task 6: Install Oracle9i Enterprise Edition and Oracle9i Real Application Clusters

Task 7: Create the Database

Task 8: Import from Old Database into New Database

Task 9: Adjust Parameters

Task 10: Start the Database

Task 1: Configure Hardware

See your vendor documentation for information about setting up Real Application Clusters hardware.

Task 2: Create Raw Devices

Create the raw devices needed for the datafiles, control files, and redo log files for Real Application Cluster databases as explained in "Configuring Shared Disk Subsystems for Real Application Clusters".

Task 3: Evaluate Tablespaces and Log Files of Single Instance

Because each tablespace on the single instance database must have a matching, identical tablespace on the Real Application Clusters database, it is important that you consolidate, add, or rename the tablespaces on the single instance at this time if needed.

Each additional node in the cluster requires at least two redo log files. Typically, a single instance database only has two redo log files. Therefore, add redo log files for each node using the ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE statement.

Task 4: Export Data from Old Database

Export the entire database from the single instance database. Use a tool such as the Export utility by entering the following:

exp username/password file=file.dmp full=y log file.log


Where file.dmp represents the data from the full database export of the database, and file.log represents the log of the operation.


Note:

To export an entire database, use the user name SYSTEM; do not use SYS


See Also:

Oracle9i Database Utilities for further information about this tool 

Task 5: Install Operating System-Dependent Cluster Software

For UNIX, refer to your vendor's operating system-dependent documentation for instructions about installing operating system-dependent cluster software.

For Windows NT and Windows 2000, use the Oracle-supplied preinstall tool to install the Oracle OSD clusterware.

Task 6: Install Oracle9i Enterprise Edition and Oracle9i Real Application Clusters

Except on the server already running the Oracle9i Enterprise Edition, install Oracle9i Enterprise Edition along with the Oracle9i Real Application Clusters option as described in Oracle9i Real Application Clusters Installation and Configuration.

If your current single instance database does not have the supporting hardware, perform a clean install on new cluster hardware. On the server already running Oracle9i Enterprise Edition, install Oracle9i Real Application Clusters using one of the preconfigured database configuration types.

Task 7: Create the Database

Create a new database on the raw partitions. Depending on the install type and subsequent configuration options, you can create a database with the following methods:

Task 8: Import from Old Database into New Database

Import the entire database into the empty database using a tool such as the Import utility. To run the Import utility:

imp system/password file=file.dmp full=y log file.log


Where file.dmp represents the data from the full database export of the database and file.log represents the log of the operation.

See Also:

Oracle9i Database Utilities for more information about this tool 


Note:

If the original database from which the export file was generated contains tablespaces that are not in the new database, the Import utility attempts to create those tablespaces with associated datafiles. Resolve this by ensuring both databases contain the same tablespaces. The datafiles do not have to be identical. Only the tablespace names need to be the same.  


Task 9: Adjust Parameters

You should make the following parameter changes to accommodate Real Application Clusters:

Task 10: Start the Database

For more information on this procedure, refer to Oracle9i Real Application Clusters Administration.

Migrating to Real Application Clusters When Using Raw Devices or Shared File Systems

If your database is already using raw devices on shared disk storage, or if you are using certain operating system file system architectures that are vendor-provided, you do not have to rebuild the database as described in the previous procedures. Instead:

  1. Perform steps 1 and 2, making sure to add the required raw devices for the log files.

  2. Skip steps 3 and 4.

  3. Perform steps 5 and 6.

  4. Skip steps 7 and 8.

  5. For step 9, start the additional instance.

The procedure in this case is much simpler than the procedure described in "Migrating Databases from Single Instance to Cluster-Enabled Environments". The process may only require that you execute an operating system copy command to move your files to a new location, rather than having to rebuild the database.

See Also:

Oracle9i Database Migration for procedures for migrating from 7.3, 8.0, and 8i to 9.0.1  

Migrating Oracle8i Configurations to Oracle9i

If you are upgrading from Oracle8i to Oracle9i, migrate your configuration information using the following post-installation procedure. Do this for each Real Application Clusters database:

  1. Stop all Global Services Daemon (GSD).

  2. Execute the following command from the node in your cluster on which the db_name.conf file is located:

    srvconfig -conv $Oracle_Home/ops/db_name.conf
    

The environment variable referred to in this example is an Oracle8i environment variable.


Note :

Environment variables are case-sensitive. 



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