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Index
Numbers and Symbols
- -fastSubnormal Numbers and Nonstandard Arithmetic
- -fnonstdSubnormal Numbers and Nonstandard Arithmetic
A
- abort on exception
- C exampleieee_handler: Abort on Exceptions
- abrupt underflowUnderflow Thresholds
- flush underflow results
- Two Examples of Gradual Underflow Versus Abrupt Underflow
- Gaps Between Representable Single-Format Floating-Point Numbers
- accuracy
- floating-point operationsWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- significant digits (number of)Ranges and Precisions in Decimal Representation
- thresholdDoes Underflow Matter?
- addrans
- random number utilitiesRandom Number Facilities
- argument reduction
- trigonometric functionsArgument Reduction for Trigonometric Functions
B
- base conversion
- base 10 to base 2Base Conversion in the Oracle Solaris Environment
- base 2 to base 10Base Conversion in the Oracle Solaris Environment
- formatted I/OBase Conversion in the Oracle Solaris Environment
C
- C driver
- example, call FORTRAN subroutines from CCalling Fortran From C
- clock speedfpversion(1) Function: Finding Information About the
FPU
- conversion between number setsComparison of a Set of Numbers Defined by Digital and Binary
Representation
- conversions between decimal strings and binary floating-point numbersWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- convert_external
- binary floating-pointData Conversion Routines
- data conversionData Conversion Routines
D
- data types
- relation to IEEE formatsStorage Formats
- dbxUsing the Debugger to Locate
an Exception
- decimal representation
- maximum positive normal numberRanges and Precisions in Decimal Representation
- minimum positive normal numberRanges and Precisions in Decimal Representation
- precisionRanges and Precisions in Decimal Representation
- rangesRanges and Precisions in Decimal Representation
- double-precision representation
- C exampleIEEE Arithmetic
- FORTRAN exampleDouble Precision
Example
E
- examine the accrued exception bits
- C exampleieee_flags — Accrued
Exceptions
- examine the accrued exception flags
- C exampleExamining the Accrued
Exception Flags
F
- floating-point
- exceptions listWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- rounding directionWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- rounding precisionWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- floating-point accuracy
- decimal strings and binary floating-point numbersWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- floating-point exceptionsFloating-Point Environment
- abort on exceptionsieee_handler: Abort on Exceptions
- accrued exception bitsieee_flags — Accrued
Exceptions
- common exceptionsWhat Is an Exception?
- default resultIEEE Floating-Point Exceptions
- definitionWhat Is an Exception?
- flagsDetecting Exceptions
- accruedDetecting Exceptions
- currentDetecting Exceptions
- ieee_functionsieee_sun(3m)
- ieee_retrospectiveieee_retrospective(3m)
- list of exceptionsWhat Is an Exception?
- priorityNotes for Table 4-1
- trap precedenceNotes for Table 4-1
- floating-point queue (FQ)Floating-Point Status Register and Queue
- floating-point status register (FSR)
- Floating-Point Status Register and Queue
- Some Debugging Commands (SPARC)
- floatingpoint.h
- define handler types
- C and C++ieee_handler (3m)
- flush to zero (seeabrupt underflow)Underflow Thresholds
G
- generate an array of numbers
- FORTRAN exampleRandom Number Generator
- gradual underflow
- error propertiesError Properties of Gradual Underflow
I
- IEEE double extended format
- biased exponent
- x86 architectureDouble-Extended Format (x86)
- bit-field assignment
- x86 architectureDouble-Extended Format (x86)
- fraction
- x86 architectureDouble-Extended Format (x86)
- Inf
- SPARC architectureValues Represented by Bit Patterns
- x86 architectureValues Represented by Bit Patterns (x86)
- NaN
- x86 architectureBit Patterns in Double-Extended Format and Their Values (x86)
- normal number
- SPARC architectureValues Represented by Bit Patterns
- x86 architectureValues Represented by Bit Patterns (x86)
- quadruple precision
- SPARC architectureQuadruple Format
- sign bit
- x86 architectureDouble-Extended Format (x86)
- significand
- explicit leading bit (x86 architecture)Double-Extended Format (x86)
- subnormal number
- SPARC architectureValues Represented by Bit Patterns
- x86 architectureValues Represented by Bit Patterns (x86)
- IEEE double format
- biased exponentDouble Format
- bit patterns and equivalent valuesValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Double Format
- bit-field assignmentDouble Format
- denormalized numberValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Double Format
- fraction
- Double Format
- Double Format
- storage on SPARCDouble Format
- storage on x86Double Format
- implicit bitValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Double Format
- Inf, infinityValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Double Format
- NaN, not a numberBit Patterns in Double-Storage Format and Their IEEE Values
- normal numberValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Double Format
- precisionValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Double Format
- sign bitDouble Format
- significandValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Double Format
- subnormal numberValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Double Format
- IEEE formats
- relation to language data typesStorage Formats
- IEEE single format
- biased exponentSingle Format
- biased exponent,implicit bitValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- bit assignmentsSingle Format
- bit patterns and equivalent valuesValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- bit-field assignmentSingle Format
- denormalized numberValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- fractionSingle Format
- Inf, negative infinityValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- Inf,positive infinityValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- mixed number, significandValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- NaN, not a numberBit Patterns in Single-Storage Format and Their IEEE Values
- normal number
- maximum positiveValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- normal number bit patternValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- precision, normal numberValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- sign bitSingle Format
- subnormal number bit patternValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- IEEE Standard 754
- double extended formatWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- double formatWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- single formatWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- ieee_flags
- accrued exception flagieee_flags(3m)
- examine accrued exception bits-C exampleieee_flags — Accrued
Exceptions
- rounding directionieee_flags(3m)
- rounding precision
- ieee_flags Input Values for the Rounding
Direction
- ieee_flags(3m)
- set exception flags-C exampleExamining the Accrued Exception Flags – Fortran
- truncate roundingParameter Values for ieee_flags
- ieee_functions
- bit mask operationsieee_functions(3m) and ieee_sun(3m)
- floating-point exceptionsieee_sun(3m)
- ieee_handlerieee_handler (3m)
- abort on exception
- FORTRAN exampleieee_handler: Abort on Exceptions
- example, calling sequenceUsing dbx to Locate the Instruction Causing an Exception
- trap on common exceptionsWhat Is an Exception?
- trap on exception
- C exampleieee_handler: Trapping Exceptions
- ieee_retrospective
- check underflow exception flagSubnormal Numbers and Nonstandard Arithmetic
- floating-point exceptionsieee_retrospective(3m)
- floating-point status register (FSR)ieee_retrospective(3m)
- getting information about nonstandard IEEE modesieee_retrospective(3m)
- getting information about outstanding exceptionsieee_retrospective(3m)
- nonstandard_arithmetic in effectieee_retrospective(3m)
- precisionieee_retrospective(3m)
- roundingieee_retrospective(3m)
- suppress exception messagesieee_retrospective(3m)
- ieee_sun
- IEEE classification functionsieee_functions(3m) and ieee_sun(3m)
- ieee_values
- quadruple-precision valuesieee_values(3m)
- representing floating-point valuesieee_values(3m)
- representing Infieee_values(3m)
- representing NaNieee_values(3m)
- representing normal numberieee_values(3m)
- single-precision valuesieee_values(3m)
- ieee_values functions
- C exampleIEEE Special Values
- Inf
- Special Cases and libm Functions
- Floating-Point Environment
- default result of divide by zeroIEEE Floating-Point Exceptions
L
- lcrans
- random number utilitiesRandom Number Facilities
- libm
- list of functionsStandard Math Library
- libm functions
- double precisionCalling Single, Double, and Extended/Quadruple Functions
- quadruple precisionCalling Single, Double, and Extended/Quadruple Functions
- single precisionCalling Single, Double, and Extended/Quadruple Functions
- libsunmath
- list of functionsOracle Math Library
N
- NaN
- Special Cases and libm Functions
- Bit Patterns in Quadruple Format
- Floating-Point Environment
- nonstandard_arithmetic
- gradual underflownonstandard_arithmetic(3m)
- turn off IEEE gradual underflowSubnormal Numbers and Nonstandard Arithmetic
- underflownonstandard_arithmetic(3m)
- normal number
- maximum positiveValues Represented by Bit Patterns in IEEE Single Format
- minimum positive
- Gaps Between Representable Single-Format Floating-Point Numbers
- Underflow Thresholds
- number line
- binary representationRanges and Precisions in Decimal Representation
- decimal representationRanges and Precisions in Decimal Representation
- powers of 2Number Line
O
- operating system math library
- libm.aStandard Math Library
P
- pi
- infinitely precise valueArgument Reduction for Trigonometric Functions
Q
- quietNaN
- default result of invalid operationIEEE Floating-Point Exceptions
R
- random number generatorsRandom Number Generator
- random number utilities
- shufransRandom Number Facilities
- represent double-precision value
- C exampleDouble Precision
Example
- FORTRAN examplePrint Smallest
Normal Numbers in Each Format (Continued)
- represent single-precision value
- C exampleDouble Precision
Example
- round-off error
- accuracy
- loss ofHow Does IEEE Arithmetic Treat Underflow?
- rounding directionWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
- C exampleieee_flags — Rounding
Direction
- rounding precisionWhat Is IEEE Arithmetic?
S
- set exception flags
- C exampleExamining the Accrued Exception Flags – Fortran
- shufrans
- shuffle pseudo-random numbersRandom Number Facilities
- single formatSingle Format
- single precision representation
- C exampleIEEE Arithmetic
- standard_arithmetic
- turn on IEEE behaviorSubnormal Numbers and Nonstandard Arithmetic
- subnormal numberGaps Between Representable Single-Format Floating-Point Numbers
- floating-point calculationsUnderflow Thresholds
- System V Interface Definition (SVID)Standards Compliance
T
- trap
- abort on exceptionieee_handler: Abort on Exceptions
- ieee_retrospectiveieee_retrospective(3m)
- trap on exception
- C example
- Trap on Underflow (SPARC)
- ieee_handler: Trapping Exceptions
- trap on floating-point exceptions
- C exampleieee_handler: Trapping Exceptions
- trigonometric functions
- argument reduction
- Argument Reduction for Trigonometric Functions
- Argument Reduction for Trigonometric Functions
U
- underflow
- floating-point calculationsUnderflow Thresholds
- gradualUnderflow Thresholds
- nonstandard_arithmeticnonstandard_arithmetic(3m)
- thresholdGaps Between Representable Single-Format Floating-Point Numbers
- underflow thresholds
- double extended precisionUnderflow Thresholds
- double precisionUnderflow Thresholds
- single precisionUnderflow Thresholds
- unit in last place (ulp)About the Algorithms
- unordered comparison
- floating-point valuesNotes for Table 4-1
- NaNNotes for Table 4-1