6
Reviewing Your Installed Starter Database Contents

This chapter describes the contents of your installed Oracle8i starter database.

Specific topics discussed are:

• User Names and Passwords

• Database Identification

• Tablespaces and Data Files

• Initialization Parameter File

• Redo Log Files

• Control Files

• Rollback Segments

• Data Dictionary

  Note: This chapter focuses on the multipurpose starter database created through the Typical or Minimal installation types, since the custom database creation method of Oracle Database Configuration Assistant enables you to customize much of the information described in this chapter. Where possible, references to information applicable to the custom database creation method are made.

User Names and Passwords

This section describes the user names and passwords included in the starter database. Change the password for user names immediately after installation.

To change a password:

1. Start SQL*Plus:

   C:\> SQLPLUS
   

2. Connect with the user name and password that you want to change:

   Enter user-name: SYSTEM/PASSWORD
   

3. Change the password:

   SQL> ALTER USER USERNAME IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD;
   

   See Also: Oracle Enterprise Manager Administrator's Guide for information on using Oracle Security Manager or Oracle DBA Studio to change the password

   Note: The SYS, SYSTEM, and DBSNMP user names and INTERNAL alias passwords in the following table are automatically included in all databases created by Oracle Database Configuration Assistant.

   User Name	Password	Description	See Also
   INTERNAL	ORACLE	INTERNAL is used for performing database administration tasks, including starting up and shutting down a database. Note: INTERNAL is not a true user name; it is an alias for the SYS user name (see below) and SYSDBA privilege. Note: The password is required only for users who did not install the Oracle8i database. The user who installed the Oracle8i database is not prompted to enter a password when connecting as INTERNAL because the user's Windows NT user name was added to a special Windows NT local group called ORA_DBA.	Chapter 8, "Authenticating Database Users with Windows" of Oracle8i Administrator's Guide for Windows NT (for information on manually adding a user to the ORA_DBA user group) Oracle8i Administrator's Guide
   SYSTEM	MANAGER	SYSTEM is used for performing database administration tasks. SYSTEM includes the AQ_ADMINISTRATOR_ROLE and DBA database roles.	Oracle8i Administrator's Guide
   SYS	CHANGE_ON_INSTALL	SYS is used for performing database administration tasks. SYS includes the following database roles: AQ_ADMINISTRATOR_ROLE AQ_USER_ROLE CONNECT CTXAPP DBA DELETE_CATALOG_ROLE EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE EXP_FULL_DATABASE HS_ADMIN_ROLE IMP_FULL_DATABASE JAVA_ADMIN JAVADEBUGPRIV JAVAIDPRIV JAVAUSERPRIV OEM_MONITOR RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER RESOURCE SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE SNMPAGENT TIMESERIES_DBA TIMESERIES_DEVELOPER	Oracle8i Administrator's Guide
   OUTLN	OUTLN	OUTLN includes the CONNECT and RESOURCE database roles, and supports plan stability. Plan stability allows you to maintain the same execution plans for the same SQL statements. OUTLN acts as a place to centrally manage metadata associated with stored outlines.	Oracle8i Concepts Oracle8i Designing and Tuning for Performance
   DBSNMP	DBSNMP	DBSNMP includes the CONNECT, RESOURCE, and SNMPAGENT database roles. Run CATNSNMP.SQL if you want to drop this role and user.	Oracle Intelligent Agent User's Guide
   MTSSYS	MTSSYS	MTSSYS is the user name under which the Oracle Service for MTS runs.	Using Microsoft Transaction Server With Oracle8
   SCOTT	TIGER	SCOTT includes the CONNECT and RESOURCE database roles.	Oracle8i Administrator's Guide
   CTXSYS	CTXSYS	CTXSYS is the Oracle interMedia Text user name with CONNECT, DBA, and RESOURCE database roles.	Oracle8i interMedia Text Reference
   MDSYS	MDSYS	MDSYS is the Oracle Spatial and interMedia Audio, Video, Locator, and Image administrator user name.	Oracle8i Spatial User's Guide and Reference Oracle8i interMedia Locator User's Guide and Reference
   ORDSYS	ORDSYS	ORDSYS is the Oracle interMedia Audio, Video, Locator, and Image user name and the Oracle Time Series and Oracle Visual Information Retrieval administrator user name with CONNECT, JAVAUSERPRIV, and RESOURCE database roles.	Oracle8i Time Series User's Guide Oracle8i Visual Information Retrieval User's Guide and Reference Oracle8i interMedia Audio, Image, and Video User's Guide and Reference
   ORDPLUGINS	ORDPLUGINS	ORDPLUGINS is the Oracle interMedia Audio and Video user name with the CONNECT and RESOURCE roles. ORDPLUGINS allows non-native plug-in formats for one session.	Oracle8i interMedia Audio, Image, and Video User's Guide and Reference
   COMDEMO	COMDEMO	COMDEMO is the Oracle COM Automation feature user name with DBA and RESOURCE database roles.	Oracle COM Automation Developer's Guide

Database Identification

The Oracle8i database is identified by its global database name, which consists of the database name and network domain in which the database is located. The global database name uniquely distinguishes a database from any other database in the same network domain. You create a global database name when prompted in the Database Identification window during Oracle8i database installation. The global database name takes the form:

database_name.database_domain

For example:

sales.us.acme.com 

Where...	Is...
sales	The name you give your database. The database name portion is a string of no more than 8 characters that can contain alpha, numeric, and additional characters. The database name is also assigned to the DB_NAME parameter in the INIT.ORA file.
us.acme.com	The network domain in which the database is located, making the global database name unique. The domain portion is a string of no more than 128 characters that can contain alpha, numeric, period (.), and additional characters. The domain name is also assigned to the DB_DOMAIN parameter in the INIT.ORA file.

The DB_NAME parameter (value sales) and DB_DOMAIN name parameter (value us.acme.com) combine to create the global database name value assigned to the SERVICE_NAMES parameter (value sales.us.acme.com) in the INIT.ORA file.

The System Identifier (SID) identifies a specific Oracle8i instance that references the database. The SID uniquely distinguishes a database from any other database on the same computer. Multiple Oracle homes enable you to have multiple, active Oracle databases on a single computer. Each database requires a unique SID and database name.

The SID name is taken from the value you entered for the database name in the Database Identification window, although you had the opportunity to change it. The SID can be up to 64 alphanumeric characters in length.

For example, if the SID and database name for an Oracle database are ORCL, each database file is located in the ORACLE_BASE\ORADATA\ORCL directory and the initialization parameter file is located in the ORACLE_BASE\ADMIN\ORCL \PFILE directory. The directory ORCL is named after the DB_NAME parameter value.

Tablespaces and Data Files

An Oracle8i database is divided into smaller logical areas of space known as tablespaces. Each tablespace corresponds to one or more physical data files. Data files contain the contents of logical database structures such as tables and indexes. A data file can be associated with only one tablespace and database.

The tablespaces in the Oracle8i database contain the following types of data files located in the ORACLE_BASE\ORADATA\DB_NAME directory:

Note: Unless you specified different names with Oracle Database Configuration Assistant, the tablespaces and data files described in the following table are also automatically included in the Custom database.

Tablespace	Data File	Contains...
SYSTEM	SYSTEM01.DBF	The data dictionary, including definitions of tables, views, and stored procedures needed by the Oracle database. Information in this area is maintained automatically. The SYSTEM tablespace is present in all Oracle databases.
USERS	USERS01.DBF	Your application data. As you create and enter data into tables, you fill this space with your data.
TEMP	TEMP01.DBF	Temporary tables and/or indexes created during the processing of your SQL statement. You may need to expand this tablespace if you are executing a SQL statement that involves a lot of sorting, such as ANALYZE COMPUTE STATISTICS on a very large table, or the constructs GROUP BY, ORDER BY, or DISTINCT.
RBS	RBS01.DBF	Rolled back transactions that fail to complete normally. You may need to expand this tablespace if you have long-running or high-data-volume transactions.
INDX	INDX01.DBF	Indexes associated with the data in the USERS tablespace.
DRSYS	DR01.DBF	Oracle interMedia text-related schema objects.
TOOLS	TOOLS01.DBF	Nothing. This data file is created for use if the user wants to install any third-party or Oracle tools/products.

Note: If you choose to create a new repository and accept the default settings when running Oracle Enterprise Manager Configuration Assistant, a tablespace named OEM_REPOSITORY and a data file named OEM_REPOSITORY.ORA are also created.

See Also: Chapter "Tablespaces and Datafiles" of Oracle8i Concepts Chapters "Managing Tablespaces" and "Managing Datafiles" of the Oracle8i Administrator's Guide

Initialization Parameter File

The starter database contains one database initialization parameter file located in the ORACLE_BASE\ADMIN\DB_NAME\PFILE directory:

Initialization Parameter File	Description
INIT.ORA	The parameter file INIT.ORA must exist for an instance to start. A parameter file is a text file that contains a list of instance configuration parameters. The starter database INIT.ORA file has preconfigured parameters. No edits are required to this file in order to use the starter database.

See Also: Appendix B of Oracle8i Administrator's Guide for Windows NT for a list of Oracle8i database-specific initialization parameters for Windows NT and their default values Oracle8i Reference for more information on initialization parameters

Redo Log Files

The starter database contains three redo log files located in the ORACLE_BASE\ORADATA\DB_NAME directory:

Note: The redo logs REDO01.LOG, REDO02.LOG, and REDO03.LOG are also automatically included in the Custom database.

Database Files	Disk Size	Description
REDO01.LOG REDO02.LOG REDO03.LOG	1 MB 1 MB 1 MB	Redo log files hold a record of all changes made to data in the database buffer cache. If an instance failure occurs, the redo log files are used to recover the modified data that was in memory. Redo log files are used in a cyclical fashion. For example, if three files constitute the online redo log, the first file is filled, then the second file, and then the third file. The first file is then re-used and filled, the second file is re-used and filled, and so on.

See Also: Oracle8i Backup and Recovery Guide

Control Files

The starter database contains three control files located in the ORACLE_BASE\ ORADATA\DB_NAME directory:

Control Files	Description
CONTROL01.CTL CONTROL02.CTL CONTROL03.CTL	A control file is an administrative file required to start and run the database. The control file records the physical structure of the database. For example, a control file contains the database name, and the names and locations of the database's data files and redo log files.

Note: The files CONTROL01.CTL, CONTROL02.CTL, and CONTROL03.CTL are also automatically included in the Custom database.

Note: Oracle Corporation recommends that you keep at least three control files (on separate physical drives) for each database and set the CONTROL_FILES initialization parameter to list each control file. See the chapter "Managing Control Files" of Oracle8i Administrator's Guide for information on setting this initialization parameter value.

Rollback Segments

Rollback segments record the old values of data changed by each transaction (whether or not committed). Every database contains one or more rollback segments, which are portions of the database that record the actions of transactions in the event that a transaction is rolled back. Rollback segments are used to provide read consistency, to roll back transactions, and to recover the database.

The starter database contains the following rollback segments:

Rollback Segment	Contained in this Tablespace...	Used by
SYSTEM	SYSTEM	SYS
RB_TEMP	SYSTEM (private)	SYS
RB1 through RB16	RBS	PUBLIC (a pool of rollback segments that any instance requiring a rollback segment can use)

Data Dictionary

The data dictionary is a protected collection of tables and views containing reference information about the database, its structures, and its users. The data stored in the dictionary includes the following:

• Names of the Oracle database users

• Privileges and roles granted to each user

• Names and definitions of schema objects (including tables, views, snapshots, indexes, clusters, synonyms, sequences, procedures, functions, and packages)

• Integrity constraints

• Space allocation for database objects

• Auditing information, such as who accessed or updated various objects

  See Also: Chapter "The Data Dictionary" of Oracle8i Concepts Chapter "Static Data Dictionary Views" of Oracle8i Reference