Oracle8i Administrator's Guide -- Contents

How to Contact Oracle Technical Publications

How to Contact Oracle Support Services

Resources for Oracle Partners and Developers

Prerequisites

Intended Audience

How This Guide Is Organized

Documentation and Code Conventions

Oracle8i Enterprise Edition and Oracle8i

Choosing a Database Tool

Database Tools and Operating System Compatibility

Preferred Database Tools

Starting Database Tools

Starting Database Tools in Multiple Oracle Homes

Starting Tools from Release 8.0.4 and later 8.0.x Multiple Oracle Homes

Starting Tools from Release 8.1.6 Multiple Oracle Homes

Starting Database Tools

Starting Oracle Utilities from the Command Line

Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager

Starting Windows NT Tools

Using SQL*Loader

Windows NT Processing Options

Direct Path Option

Control File Conventions

Using Windows NT Tools

Control Panel

Which Oracle Services Appear in the Control Panel?

Event Viewer

What Oracle Database Events Are Monitored?

Oracle Performance Monitor for Windows NT

What Oracle Database Information is Monitored?

Registry

What Database Parameters Are Configured?

User Manager

What Oracle8i Database Tasks Can User Manager Perform?

Microsoft Management Console

What Oracle8i Database Tasks Can the Microsoft Management Console Perform?

Task Manager

Optional Windows NT Diagnostic and Tuning Utilities

Introduction to Multiple Oracle Homes and OFA

Multiple Oracle Homes Overview

What Is an Oracle Home?

Benefits of Using Multiple Oracle Homes

Multiple Oracle Home Functionality in Different Releases

One-Listener Support of Multiple Oracle Homes

Multiple Oracle Home Environments

Release 8.0.4 and Later 8.0.x Oracle Home Environments

Release 8.1 Oracle Home Environment

Which Products Are Multiple Oracle Home-Enabled?

Products Supporting Multiple Oracle Homes

Products Supporting a Single Oracle Home

Products Not Supporting Multiple Oracle Homes

Products Not Associated with an Oracle Home

Changing the Value of PATH

Using Oracle Home Selector

At the System Level

At the MS-DOS Command Prompt

Exiting Oracle Universal Installer After Entering Name and PATH

Setting Variables in the Environment or the Registry

ORACLE_HOME

Consequences of Setting ORACLE_HOME

TNS_ADMIN

Optimal Flexible Architecture Overview

Benefits of an OFA-Compliant Database

Characteristics of an OFA-Compliant Database

Differences Between Directory Trees by Release

Directory Tree of a Sample OFA-Compliant Database

OFA Directory Naming Conventions

ORACLE_BASE Directory

ORACLE_HOME Directory

ADMIN Directory

ORADATA Directory

DB_NAME Directory

OFA and Multiple Oracle Home Configurations

Specifying an ORACLE_HOME Directory

Default OFA Database

Non-Default OFA Database, Case 1

Non-Default OFA Database, Case 2

Increasing Reliability and Performance

Disk Mirroring

Disk Striping

Using Raw Partitions for Tablespaces

Comparison Between OFA on Windows NT and UNIX

Directory Naming

ORACLE_BASE Directory

Support for Symbolic Links on Windows NT

Overview

What are LDAP and a Directory Server?

What is Active Directory?

Oracle8i Directory Server Features

Net8 Directory Naming Features

Enterprise User Security Features

Integration with Active Directory

Automatic Discovery of Directory Servers

Integration with Microsoft Tools

User Interface Extensions for Net8 Directory Naming

Enhancement of Directory Object Type Descriptions

Integration with Windows Login Credentials

How Do Oracle Directory Objects Display in Active Directory?

Features Available with Different Oracle Client and Server Releases

Requirements for Using Oracle8i with Active Directory

Oracle Schema Creation Requirements

Oracle Context Creation Requirements

Net8 Directory Naming Requirements

Enterprise User Security Requirements

Installing and Configuring Oracle8i in an Active Directory Environment

Installation Tasks

Required Configuration Tools

Post-Installation Configuration Tasks

Testing Connectivity

Testing Connectivity from Client Computers

Testing Connectivity from Microsoft Tools

Accessing Connectivity Tools

Testing Connectivity

Connecting With SQL*Plus

Managing Access Control Lists for Oracle Directory Objects

Accessing the Security Groups

Adding or Removing Users

Changing User Permissions

Creating Security Domains

Oracle interMedia

Oracle interMedia Audio, Video, Image, and Locator Configuration Responsibilities

Configuring Oracle interMedia Audio, Video, Image, and Locator

Configuring Oracle interMedia, Audio, Video, Image, and Locator Demos

Oracle interMedia Text Configuration Responsibilities

Oracle Spatial

Configuring Oracle Spatial

Oracle Time Series

Configuring Oracle Time Series

Configuring Oracle Time Series Demos

Oracle Visual Information Retrieval

Configuring Oracle Visual Information Retrieval

Multithreaded Server Support

Enabling Multithreaded Server Support for IIOP Clients

Enabling Multithreaded Server Support for Two-Task Net8 Clients

Disabling Multithreaded Server Support for Two-Task Net8 Clients

Advanced Replication

Step 1: Checking Tablespace Requirements

Step 2: Checking Initialization Parameters

Step 3: Performing Configuration Tasks

Step 4: Monitoring Data Dictionary Tables

Step 5: Upgrading Advanced Replication

Before You Create a Database

Naming Conventions for Oracle Databases

Creating Data Files and Log Files on Remote Computers

Creating a Database Using Tools

Using Oracle Database Configuration Assistant

Create a Database

Importing Sample Schemas

Change Database Configuration

Configuring Advanced Replication and Oracle options

Delete a Database

Using BUILD_DB.SQL

How to Create a Database

Creating Directories

Exporting an Existing Database

Deleting Database Files

Modifying the INIT.ORA File

Creating and Starting an Oracle Service

Putting the CREATE DATABASE Statement in a Script

Creating a Database

Importing a Database

Updating the ORACLE_SID in the Registry

Backing Up the New Database

Using ORADIM to Administer an Oracle Instance

Creating an Instance

Starting an Instance

Stopping an Instance

Modifying an Instance

Managing Oracle Services

Oracle Service Naming Conventions for Multiple Oracle Homes

Available Oracle Services

Starting Oracle Services

Stopping Oracle Services

Auto-starting Oracle Services

Starting and Shutting Down a Database with SQL*Plus

Starting and Shutting Down a Database Using Services

Running Multiple Instances

Creating Password Files

Viewing Password Files

Deleting Password Files

Connecting as INTERNAL with a Password File

Connecting Remotely to the Database as SYS or INTERNAL

Changing the INTERNAL Password

Encrypting Database Passwords

Creating Control, Data, and Log Files on Remote Computers

Archiving Redo Log Files

Step 1: Change the Archive Mode to ARCHIVELOG

Step 2: Enable Automatic Archiving

Using the ORADEBUG Utility

Windows Native Authentication Overview

Windows Authentication Protocols

User Authentication and Role Authorization Methods

Which Authentication and Authorization Methods Should I Use?

External Users and Roles

External User Authentication

External Role Authorization

Enterprise Users and Roles

Enterprise User Authentication

Enterprise Role Authorization

Oracle8i Integration with a Directory Server

Automatically Enabling Operating System Authentication During Installation

Administering External Users and Roles

Using Oracle Administration Assistant for Windows NT

Adding a Computer and Saving Your Configuration

Granting Administrator and Operator Privileges for All Databases on a Computer

Granting Administrator Privileges for All Databases on a Computer

Granting Operator Privileges For All Databases on a Computer

Connecting to a Database

Troubleshooting Connection Problems

Viewing Database Authentication Parameter Settings

Understanding the OS_ROLES Parameter

Creating a Nonprivileged Database User (External User)

Creating a Local Database Role

Creating an External Role

Granting Administrator and Operator Privileges for a Single Database

Granting Administrator Privileges for a Single Database

Granting Operator Privileges for A Single Database

Manually Administering External Users and Roles

Creating a Nonprivileged Database User (External User)

Step 1: Perform Authentication Tasks on the Oracle8i Database Server

Step 2: Perform Authentication Tasks on the Client Computer

Granting Administrator and Operator Privileges for Databases

Step 1: Perform Authentication Tasks on the Oracle8i Database Server

Step 2: Perform Authentication Tasks on the Client Computer

Connecting as INTERNAL Without a Password

Step 1: Perform Authentication Tasks on the Oracle8i Database Server

Step 2: Perform Authentication Tasks on the Client Computer

Creating an External Role

Step 1: Perform Authentication Tasks on the Oracle8i Database Server

Step 2: Perform Authentication Tasks on the Client Computer

Administering Enterprise Users and Roles

Database Monitoring Overview

Using Oracle Performance Monitor for Windows NT

Registry Information

Accessing Oracle Performance Monitor for Windows NT

Monitoring Oracle8i Objects

Understanding Oracle Performance Objects

Oracle Performance Monitor for Windows NT Troubleshooting Information

Using the Event Viewer

Accessing the Event Viewer

Reading the Event Viewer

Using the Event Viewer

Managing the Event Viewer

Using Trace and Alert Files

Viewing Threads Using the Oracle Administration Assistant for Windows NT

Overview

4 GB RAM Tuning (4 GT) for Windows NT Server, Enterprise Edition

Oracle8i Support for the Intel Extended Server Memory Architecture (ESMA)

Reduce Priority of Foreground Applications on the Server Console

Configure Windows NT Server to Be an Application Server

Disable Unnecessary Services

Remove Unused Network Protocols

Reset the Network Protocol Bind Order

Apply Latest Reliable Windows NT Server Service Pack

Use Hardware or Operating System Striping

Multiple Striped Volumes for Sequential and Random Access

Span Windows NT Server Virtual Memory Paging File Across Physical Volumes

General Page File Sizing Tip

Close All Unnecessary Foreground Applications

Startup Folder

Virtual DOS Machines

Screen Savers

Selecting a Backup and Recovery Tool

Backing Up Files with OCOPY

Recovering Files with OCOPY

Using Legato Storage Manager

Settings for Multiple Tape Devices

Japanese Version of Legato Storage Manager

Finding Information on Application Development for Windows NT

Building External Routines

External Routines Overview

Step 1: Installing and Configuring

Installing the Oracle8i database

Configuring Net8

Step 2: Writing an External Routine

Step 3: Building a DLL

Step 4: Registering an External Routine

Step 5: Executing an External Routine

Accessing Web Data with Intercartridge Exchange

Configuring Intercartridge Exchange

Using Intercartridge Exchange

Packaged Function UTL_HTTP.REQUEST

Packaged Function UTL_HTTP.REQUEST_PIECES

UTL_HTTP Exception Conditions

Exception Conditions and Error Messages

Troubleshooting

Oracle8i Directory Structure

ORACLE_HOME

ADMIN

Oracle8i Client Directory Structure

Filename Extensions

Initialization Parameter File (INIT.ORA) Overview

Location of the Initialization Parameter File

Editing the Initialization Parameter File

Sample File

Initialization Parameters Without Windows NT-Specific Values

Displaying Initialization Parameter Values

Database Initialization Parameters

Calculating Database Limits

About Configuration Parameters

Registry Overview

Registry Parameters

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\HOMEID

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\ALL_HOMES

IDx

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\ALL_HOMES Parameters

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet

Oracle Parallel Server Registry Parameters

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\OSD

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\OSD\CM

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\OSD\DB_NAME

Modifying a Registry Value with REGEDT32

Adding a Registry Parameter with REGEDT32

Adding or Modifying Registry Parameters with Oracle Administration Assistant for Windows NT

Starting the Oracle Administration Assistant for Windows NT

Adding Oracle Home Parameters

Editing Oracle Home Parameters

Deleting Oracle Home Parameters

Modifying Oracle Performance Monitor for Windows NT Parameters

Using OPERFCFG

Using the Oracle Administration Assistant for Windows NT

Raw Partition Overview

Disk Definition

Raw Partition Definition

Physical Disk

Logical Partition

Physical Disk and Logical Partition Considerations

Frequently Asked Questions

Compatibility Issues

Creating an Extended Partition

Creating Logical Partitions in an Extended Partition

Assigning Symbolic Links to Each Logical Partition

Removing or Ignoring Links

Creating a Tablespace in a Raw Partition

CRLOGDR Utility

Reviewing Disk Layout

Unsupported Net8 Features

Understanding Net8 Registry Parameter and Subkeys

Net8 Parameters

Net8 Service Subkeys

Listener Requirements

Service Registration Not Supported over IPC

Understanding Optional Configuration Parameters

LOCAL

TNS_ADMIN

USE_SHARED_SOCKET

Advanced Network Configuration

Configuring Authentication Methods

NDS Authentication

Using the NDS Naming Method

NetWare Server Configuration

Client Configuration

Client Connection

Configuring Security for Named Pipes Protocol

Named Pipes Protocol on Windows 95

Net8 Port Numbers

What is the Purpose of SNMP?

Oracle SNMP Support

Oracle SNMP Agent for Oracle Services

Configuring Oracle SNMP Agent

Controlling the Master Agent and the Encapsulator

Starting the Master Agent

Starting the Encapsulator

Understanding the MASTER.CFG File

Understanding the ENCAPS.CFG File

Installing Oracle SNMP Agent with Other Network Management Systems

Logging Error Messages

Codes 04000-04999: Windows NT-Specific Oracle Messages

File I/O Errors: OSD-04000 to OSD-04099

Memory Errors: OSD-04100 to OSD-04199

Process Errors: OSD-04200 to OSD-04299

Loader Errors: OSD-04300 to OSD-04399

Semaphore Errors: OSD-04400 to OSD-04499

Miscellaneous Errors: OSD-04500 to OSD-04599

Database Connection Issues

Contents

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Before You Begin

1 Oracle8i Differences between Windows NT and UNIX

2 Database Tools Overview

3 Multiple Oracle Homes and Optimal Flexible Architecture

4 Using Oracle8i Directory Server Features with Active Directory

5 Post-Installation Configuration Tasks

6 Post-Installation Database Creation

7 Administering a Database

8 Authenticating Database Users with Windows

9 Monitoring a Database

10 Tuning Windows NT to Optimize Oracle8i

11 Backing Up and Recovering Database Files

12 Developing Applications

A Directory Structures

B Oracle8i Database Specifications for Windows NT

C Oracle8i Configuration Parameters and the Registry

D Storing Tablespaces on Raw Partitions

E Net8 Configuration

F SNMP Support

G Error Messages

Glossary

Index