Oracle9i Application Server Installation Guide Release 1 (v1.0.2.2.1) for Windows NT/2000 Part Number A92197-01 |
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This chapter guides you through the basic concepts and preinstallation steps for Oracle9i Application Server. The following topics provide information about Oracle9i Application Server, environment variables settings, configuration options, and starting Oracle Universal Installer:
Oracle9i Application Server is a scalable, secure, middle-tier application server. It enables you to deliver Web content, host Web applications, connect to back-office applications, and access your data on wireless devices. Oracle9i Application Server has four installation options:
Table 2-1 lists the four installation options for Oracle9i Application Server, and the components that are installed with each option. This is followed by a brief description of each component.
Oracle9iAS Containers for J2EE (OC4J) run as a JVM that accepts HTTP and RMI connections, which access servlets, JSP Pages, and EJBs. It reads configuration information from a set of XML files that are located under its installation directory. Java applications are deployed using J2EE-compatible EAR, WAR, or EJB JAR files.
Oracle9iAS Database Cache improves the performance and scalability of applications that access Oracle databases by storing frequently used data on middle tier machines. With Oracle9iAS Database Cache, your applications can process several times as many requests as their original capacity.
Oracle9iAS Discoverer is a business intelligence tool for analyzing data. With Oracle9iAS Discoverer's award-winning user interface, users can access and analyze database data. There are two Oracle9iAS Discoverer components:
Oracle9iAS Forms Services deploys Forms applications with database access to Java clients in a Web environment. Oracle9iAS Forms Services automatically optimizes class downloads, network traffic, and interactions with Oracle database. Applications are automatically load-balanced across multiple servers and, therefore, can easily scale to service any number of requests.
Oracle9iAS Portal is a complete solution for building, deploying and monitoring Web database applications and content-driven Web sites. Oracle9iAS Portal enables you to create and view database objects through an easy-to-use HTML-based interface, and provides tools for creating HTML-based interfaces. It also allows you to resolve performance problems using performance tracking facilities, and enables you to manage database security through its interface.
Oracle9iAS Reports Services provides an easy-to-use, scalable, and manageable solution for high-quality database publishing and reporting by creating dynamic reports for the Web and across the enterprise. It enables you to implement a multi-tiered architecture for running your reports.
Oracle9iAS Web Cache is a server accelerator caching service that improves the performance, scalability, and availability of frequently used e-business Web sites that run on Oracle9i Application Server and Oracle database. By storing frequently accessed URLs in virtual memory, Oracle9iAS Web Cache eliminates the need to repeatedly process requests for those URLs on the Web server, and it caches both static and dynamically-generated HTTP content from one or more applications Web servers.
Oracle9iAS Wireless is a portal service for delivering information and applications to mobile devices. Using Oracle9iAS Wireless, you can create custom portal sites that use different kinds of content, including Web pages, custom Java applications, and XML-based applications. Oracle9iAS Wireless sites make this diverse information accessible to mobile devices without you having to rewrite the content for each target device platform.
Oracle Advanced Security provides a comprehensive suite of security features to protect enterprise networks and securely extend corporate networks to the Internet. It provides a single source of integration with network encryption and authentication solutions, single signon services, and security protocols. By integrating industry standards, it delivers unparalleled security to the Oracle network and beyond.
Oracle Business Components for Java is a 100% Java-compatible, XML-powered framework that enables productive development, portable deployment, and flexible customization of multi-tier, database applications from business components.
The Oracle Database Client Developer Kit contains the following client libraries:
Oracle Enterprise Java Engine is an enterprise-class 100% Java-compatible server environment that supports Enterprise JavaBeans, CORBA, and database stored procedures. Oracle Enterprise Java Engine achieves high scalability through its unique architectural design, which minimizes the burden and complexity of memory management when the number of users increases.
Oracle9i Application Server uses the Oracle HTTP Server, which is built on Apache Web server technology. Oracle HTTP Server offers scalability, stability, speed, and extensibility. It also supports Java Servlets, JavaServer Pages, Perl, PL/SQL, and CGI applications. This component also includes the following sub-components:
mod_oprocmgr
mod_fastcgi
mod_Jserv
mod_mm
mod_ose
mod_plsql
mod_perl
, Perl Interpreter
mod_ssl
Oracle Internet File System is a file system and development platform that stores files in an Oracle database. It provides a mechanism for creating, storing, and managing various types of information, from Web pages to email, from spreadsheets to XML files, in a common repository for users to access and update.
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) is the emerging Internet standard for directory services. Oracle LDAP Client Kit supports client interaction with any LDAP-compliant directory server; for example, Oracle Internet Directory. The toolkit provides tools and development libraries to support client calls to directory services, encrypted connections, and enables you to manage your directory data.
Oracle Management Server provides distributed control between the database and Oracle9i Application Server in the network. As a central engine for notifications, it processes all system management tasks and administers the distribution of these tasks across the enterprise. Ensure that you do not have multiple Oracle Management Servers installed on a single machine.
Oracle Plug-in for Microsoft IIS enables you to use Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) to directly access PL/SQL and Java Web components stored in an Oracle database. It provides functionality in a Microsoft IIS environment that is similar to the Oracle HTTP Server Modules, mod_plsql and mod_ose. Using it, you can access Web components by passing either a preconfigured virtual directory prefix (PL/SQL access), or a predefined file extension and virtual directory prefixes which are stored in the Java configuration file (Java access).
The Oracle XML Developer Kit (XDK) contains the necessary XML components libraries and utilities to give developers the ability to easily XML-enable applications and Web sites. Oracle XDK supports development in Java, C, C++, and PL/SQL with a collection of libraries, command-line utilities, and tools.
The following is a list of the supplemental components that are available with Oracle9i Application Server, version 1.0.2.2.1:
See Also: Appendix C, "Installing Supplemental Components" for overview and installation instructions. |
The preinstallation tasks for Oracle9i Application Server are divided into the following parts.
This section provides an overview of the installation process. Before installing Oracle9i Application Server, review the Release Notes and Release Notes Addendum. You can find the Release Notes Addendum on OTN at:
http://otn.oracle.com
The Oracle9i Application Server installation process is divided into the following three phases:
During the first phase of installation, the users completes the following tasks:
During the second phase, the Oracle Universal Installer guides the user through the installation screens. Depending on the install type, the user will require the information listed in Table 2-2.
During installation, the user has the following configuration options:
If you are installing Enterprise Edition, the components are installed into two Oracle homes. The first Oracle home contains components that use the 8.1.7 database libraries. The other Oracle home contains components that use the 8.0.6 database libraries. The installer will prompt you to enter a path for both Oracle homes.
During the final phase of the installation process, the user is provided with the following information:
If you are migrating from a previous version of Oracle9i Application Server, including version 1.0.2.1, review the Oracle9i Application Server Migration Guide.
Oracle9i Application Server installs another database that listens on port 1521. This is so only if you install Enterprise Edition and configure Oracle9iAS Database Cache. To avoid port conflicts, change the port for the origin database listener to be, for example, 1526.
Oracle HTTP Server does not have a set port number that the server listens on. By default, the server will listen for non-SSL requests on port 80, but if that port is in use, then the installer will search for unoccupied port numbers starting from port 7777. Similarly, if port 443 is in use, then the installer will search for unoccupied port numbers starting from port 4443 for SSL requests.
A file named setupinfo.txt
is automatically generated in ORACLE_HOME
/Apache/Apache
. This file is generated at install time, and is not updated thereafter. If the user restarts Oracle HTTP Server, the information in setupinfo.txt
becomes inaccurate.
setupinfo.txt
displays the port number information in the following format:
The HTTP Server can be accessed using the following URLs: SSL mode: (executed at install time) http://machine_name
:80 https://machine_name
:443
Perform the following preinstallation tasks before installing the Oracle9i Application Server:
The list below directs you to the installation option that you have licence to:
Core Edition does not require any preinstallation tasks.
You have completed the preinstallation tasks for the Oracle9i Application Server. Proceed to "About Oracle Universal Installer" to start the installer.
Minimal Edition does not require any preinstallation tasks.
Oracle9i Application Server requires an active database connection. The installer uses this connection to add database objects to the origin database. The origin database is the original and primary storage for your data and is typically located on a database server tier.
You have completed the preinstallation tasks for the Oracle9i Application Server. Proceed to "About Oracle Universal Installer" to start the installer.
Perform preinstallation tasks for the following Standard Edition component:
Perform the following tasks on the origin database to set database parameters for Oracle Internet File System:
Installation of Oracle Internet File System requires reconfiguration of specific database parameters on the origin database.
Set the following Oracle initialization parameters to the values specified. These parameters are contained in the init
SID
.ora
file in the ORACLE_HOME
\admin\
global_database_name\pfile
directory.
open_cursors
to at least 255.
shared_pool_size
at least 50MB.
processes
to at least 200.
To verify that there is at least one online non-system rollback segment, connect to Oracle as the SYS
user with SQL*Plus and execute the following SQL statement:
SQL> SELECT segment_name, tablespace_name, status FROM dba_rollback_segs;
This will result in output that looks like the following table.
SEGMENT_NAME | TABLESPACE_NAME | STATUS |
---|---|---|
SYSTEM |
SYSTEM |
ONLINE |
PUBLIC_RS |
SYSTEM |
ONLINE |
USERS_RS |
USERS |
ONLINE |
In this example, USERS_RS is an online non-system rollback segment. To ensure that the rollback segment is always online after a database startup, include the following line in the init
SID
.ora
file:
rollback_segments = (rbs_name1, .... , rbs_namex)
SQL> SELECT name, value FROM v$parameter WHERE name = `open_cursors';
You should see the open_cursors
value you entered in the init
SID
.ora
file in step 2.
Oracle9i Application Server requires an active database connection. The installer uses this connection to add database objects to the origin database. The origin database is the original and primary storage for your data and is typically located on a database server tier.
You have completed the preinstallation tasks for the Oracle9i Application Server. Proceed to "About Oracle Universal Installer" to start the installer.
Perform preinstallation tasks for the following Enterprise Edition components:
Perform the following preinstallation tasks for Oracle9iAS Database Cache on the origin database machine:
To allow remote access to the origin database through Oracle9iAS Database Cache, you must check the init
SID
.ora
file of the origin database and create a password file for the database if it does not exist. Take the following steps:
init
SID
.ora
) of the origin database. If the file contains the REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE
parameter, then make sure that the value equals SHARED
or EXCLUSIVE
. Oracle9iAS Database Cache can use either value. If the parameter is already set to either SHARED
or EXCLUSIVE
, then you do not need to change the value.
SYS
and INTERNAL
.
SYS
and INTERNAL
.
If the file does not contain the entry, then add it to the file, specifying either SHARED
or EXCLUSIVE
as the value. For example, to specify EXCLUSIVE
, add the following entry to the file:
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE
The initSID.or
a file is in the ORACLE_HOME\database
directory for of the origin database.
Check if a password file exists for the database. The file is named pwd
SID
.ora
, where SID
is the system identifier of the origin database.
orapwd
utility with the following commands:
prompt> cd ORACLE_HOME\bin prompt> ORAPWD FILE=PWDSID.ORA PASSWORD=sys_password ENTRIES=maxRemUsers
There are no spaces around the equal sign (=). The parameters have the following meanings:
SYS
for the origin database. This parameter sets the password for SYSOPER
and SYSDBA
. If you issue the ALTER USER
statement to change the password after connecting to the origin database, both the password stored in the data dictionary and the password stored in the password file are updated.
You must configure the listener for the origin database so that it listens for external procedure calls. Perform the following test to check for existing external procedure listener:
To test if you have an external procedure listener, you need to do a tnsping
on EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA
from the origin database. The command is:
prompt> tnsping EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA
TNS Ping Utility for Solaris: Version 8.1.7.0.0. - Production on 13-APR-2001 09:09:19 (c) Copyright 1997 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Attempting to contact (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL=IPC) (KEY=EXTPROC)) OK (102 msec)
TNS Ping Utility for Solaris: Version 8.1.7.0.0. - Production on 13-APR-2001 09:09:19 (c) Copyright 1997 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. TNS-03505: Failed to resolve name
Perform the following steps to configure an external procedure listener:
tnsnames.ora
file for the origin database by adding an entry that enables you to connect to the listener process (and subsequently, the extproc
process). For example, add the following entry to the tnsnames.ora
file:
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA.US.ORACLE.COM= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL=IPC) (KEY=EXTPROC0)) ) (CONNECT_DATA= (SID=PLSExtProc) (PRESENTATION= RO) ) )
Verify the following:
EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA
". (Note that the domain name can be set to any value appropriate for your network.)
ADDRESS_LIST
contains an ADDRESS
entry setting "(PROTOCOL = IPC
)".
Make a note of the KEY
value (in this example, it is "EXTPROC0
"). Also make a note of the SID
value (in his example, it is "PLSExtProc
"). These values must match the KEY
and SID_NAME
value, respectively, in the corresponding entry in the listener.ora
file.
listener.ora
file for the origin database and add the following entries for the external procedure listener:
LISTENER_01= (DESCRIPTION_LIST= (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL= TCP) (HOST = my_hostname) (PORT = 1521)) ) (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL= IPC) (KEY=EXTPROC0)) ) ) )
Verify the following:
ADDRESS_LIST
contains an ADDRESS
entry setting "(PROTOCOL = IPC
)".
ADDRESS_LIST
containing "(PROTOCOL = IPC
) "has a key value which is the same KEY
value from the tnsnames.ora
file. In this example, the key value is "EXTPROC0
".
Make a note of the name of the listener that will be used for external procedures. In this example, the listener name is "LISTENER_01
".
listener.ora
file and verify that there is a SID
for external procedure listener in the listener's SID_LIST
.
SID_LIST_LISTENER= (SID_LIST= (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=PLSExtProc) (ORACLE_HOME=/dsk1/oracle/rdbms/OraHome) (PROGRAM=extproc) ) ... (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = global_DBname) (ORACLE_HOME = /dsk1/oracle/rdbms/OraHome) (SID_NAME = ias) ) )
Verify the following:
prompt> lsnrctl stop listener_01 prompt> lsnrctl start listener_01
extproc
process spawned by the listener inherits the operating system privileges of the listener. So Oracle Corporation strongly recommends that you restrict the privileges for the separate listener process. The process should not have permission to read or write to database files. The owner of this separate process should not be the oracle
user (which is the default owner of the server executable and database files). Start the listener from a user account that does not have permission to read or write to database files or the Oracle server address space.
extproc
executable in the bin
directory under the ORACLE_HOME
of the origin database.
sqlnet.ora:
NAMES.DEFAULT_DOMAIN = your.Domain.Name SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS) NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, ONAMES, HOSTNAME)
Perform the following tasks on the origin database machine to set database parameters for Oracle Internet File System:
Installation of Oracle Internet File System requires reconfiguration of specific database parameters on the origin database.
Set the following Oracle initialization parameters to the values specified. These parameters are contained in the init
SID
.ora
file in the ORACLE_HOME
\admin\
global_database_name\pfile
directory.
open_cursors
to at least 255.
shared_pool_size
at least 50MB.
processes
to at least 200.
To verify that there is at least one online non-system rollback segment, connect to Oracle as the SYS
user with SQL*Plus and execute the following SQL statement:
SQL> SELECT segment_name, tablespace_name, status FROM dba_rollback_segs;
This will result in output that looks like the following table.
SEGMENT_NAME | TABLESPACE_NAME | STATUS |
---|---|---|
SYSTEM |
SYSTEM |
ONLINE |
PUBLIC_RS |
SYSTEM |
ONLINE |
USERS_RS |
USERS |
ONLINE |
In this example, USERS_RS
is an online non-system rollback segment. To ensure that the rollback segment is always online after a database startup, include the following line in the init
SID
.ora
file:
rollback_segments = (rbs_name1, .... , rbs_namex)
SQL> SELECT name, value FROM v$parameter WHERE name = `open_cursors';
You should see the open_cursors
value you entered in the init
SID
.ora
file in step 2.
Oracle9i Application Server requires an active database connection. The installer uses this connection to add database objects to the origin database. The origin database is the original and primary storage for your data and is typically located on a database server tier.
You have completed the preinstallation tasks for the Oracle9i Application Server. Proceed to "About Oracle Universal Installer" to start the installer.
Oracle9i Application Server uses Oracle Universal Installer to configure environment variables and to install components. The installer guides you through each step of the installation process, so you can choose configuration options for a customized product.
The installer includes features that perform the following tasks:
Follow these steps to launch Oracle Universal Installer, which installs Oracle9i Application Server:
If your machine does not support the auto run feature, perform the following steps to launch the installer:
This launches Oracle Universal Installer through which you can install Oracle9i Application Server.
The list below navigates you to installation instructions for the Oracle9i Application Server edition you are licensed to:
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