Common objects are the components or data objects that you use to make up policy rules. Before you write these rules, you add the common objects that you plan to use in the rules.
After the common objects have been added, they are stored in a database and can be used over again to create rule sets for additional policies.
Authorized user
Admin user
Jar signature
Jar hash
Proxy user
that appear in the administration GUI are automatically saved when they are edited or new objects are added. You do not need to save these objects. Once these objects are added or edited, the change applies immediately and cannot be reversed. The Save button in the administration GUI is greyed out to show that it is inactive.
Although the changes made to these objects are saved immediately, they do not take effect until a policy is activated. The administration GUI edits authorized users, which are authuser objects; proxy users, which are proxyuser objects; and Jar signatures and Jar hashes.
Use the service common object to identify network services that a Screen will use to filter packets. The service common object has two subtypes, single service and service group.
Adding a new service with new values makes troubleshooting easier than editing the default values of a service.
You add new network services and edit the filtering activities applied when a service is used in a rule. You add a new single service using the Service dialog box that appears when you select New Single Service from the Add New combo box in the Common Objects panel, shown in FIGURE 5-14.
You control the filtering activities by specifying what packet-filtering engine you want to use and the various discriminators and parameters applicable to that filtering engine.
FIGURE 5-15 shows the filter table of the Service dialog box for a new single service.
TABLE 5-15 describes the controls in the Service dialog box for a single service.
Table 5-15 Controls for Service Dialog Box for Single Service
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Configuration Information |
|
Name |
Specifies the name of the service object. |
Description |
(Optional) Provides a brief description about the service object. |
Screen |
(Optional) Restricts the service so that it applies to the selected Screen only. The default (All) means that all Screens recognize this object unless an object exists that has been specifically defined for a particular Screen and has the same name as the Screen for which it is defined. |
Filter Table Information |
|
Filter Table |
Display the parameters for the single services.
|
Filter |
Identifies the state engine. |
Port |
Identifies the port number, program number, or type used by the forward filter. |
Broadcast |
Determines whether the rules in which the service is used allows communication to broadcast or multicast addresses. If you want the service to work for nonbroadcast addresses, you must enter a separate table entries for broadcast and nonbroadcast entries |
Parameters |
Overrides the default values the selected packet-filter state engine. Each state engine has a set of parameters; refer to Appendix C, Services and State Engines for default parameters values and their meaning. |
Reverse |
Determines whether the filter applies to packets originating from the host in the To address of a rule and going to the From address of a rule. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information and makes the Save Changes command button active. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Displays the page of online help for this common object. |
Use the service group to group single services that you want to use together. FIGURE 5-16 shows the Service dialog box for service group.
TABLE 5-16 describes the controls in the Service dialog box for service group.
Table 5-16 Controls for Service Group Service Dialog Box
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies the name of the service object. |
Description |
(Optional) Provides a brief description about the service object. |
Screen |
(Optional) Restricts this service group applies to the selected Screen only. The default (All) means that all Screens recognize this object unless an object exists that has been specifically defined for a particular Screen and has the same name as the Screen for which it is defined. |
Services List |
Identifies the services that do not belong to the service group. Refer to "State Engines" for a description of services. |
Members List |
Identifies the services that belong to the service group. |
Add Button |
Moves the service selected in the Services list to the Members list, making the service a member of the specified service group. |
Remove Button |
Moves the service selected in the Members list to the Services list, removing the service from the specified service group. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information and makes the Save Changes command button active. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
Use the address common object to create address objects that define the source and destination address for a policy rule. If you are adding addresses, the Address dialog box that appears for a particular subtype is empty. If you are modifying an existing address, the Address dialog box displays the existing information. Address objects has three subtypes: host, range and group.
Host is a way to associate an individual host's IP address with a name for the address object. FIGURE 5-17 shows the Address dialog box for adding a new host to the host subtype.
TABLE 5-17 describes the controls in the Address dialog box for a new host.
Table 5-17 Controls for New Host Address Dialog Box
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies the name for the address object. |
Description Field |
(Optional) Provides a brief descriptive note about the address object. |
Screen |
(Optional) Restricts this address so that it applies to the selected Screen only. The default (All) means that all Screens recognize this object unless an object exists that has been specifically defined for a particular Screen and has the same name as the Screen for which it is defined. |
IP Address/Host Name |
Specifies the IP address you want to associate with the address object identified in the Name list. |
Lookup IP Address Button |
If SunScreen has access to DNS or NIS, lets you look up host addresses by host name. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information and makes the Save Changes command button active. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
Range associates a range of IP addresses with an address object name. For example, you can associate a name with a specified range of network IP addresses and use that name to filter traffic to all hosts on that network. FIGURE 5-18 shows the Address dialog box for adding a new range of addresses to the range subtype.
TABLE 5-18 describes the controls for the Address dialog box for new range.
Table 5-18 Controls for New Range Address Dialog Box
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies the name for the address object. |
Description |
(Optional) Provides a brief description about the address object. |
Screen |
(Optional) Restricts this range of addresses so that it applies to the selected Screen only. The default (All) means that all Screens recognize this object unless an object exists that has been specifically defined for a particular Screen and has the same name as the Screen for which it is defined. |
Starting IP Address |
Specifies the starting IP address in the range. |
Ending IP Address |
Specifies the ending IP address in the range. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information and makes the Save Changes command button active. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
Group is a way to group host addresses, address ranges and other address groups. By grouping addresses that use similar services and have similar actions, you can save time when creating rules. FIGURE 5-19 shows the Address dialog box for adding a new group to the group subtype.
Before you create an address group, you first define the address objects--single addresses, address ranges, or address groups--that you want to use in the address group.
TABLE 5-19 describes the controls for the Address dialog box for new group.
Table 5-19 Controls for the New Group Address Dialog Box
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies the name for the address object. |
Description |
(Optional) Provides a brief description about the address object. |
Screen |
(Optional) Restricts this address group so that it applies to the selected Screen only. The default (All) means that all Screens recognize this object unless an object exists that has been specifically defined for a particular Screen and has the same name as the Screen for which it is defined. |
Addresses |
Displays the addresses objects that can to be used to create the address group. |
Include List |
Specifies the address objects that are currently included in the address group. Use the Add or Remove buttons to modify the list. |
Exclude List |
Specifies the address objects that are excluded from the address group. For example, you can create an address group that includes all addresses except as specified in the Exclude List. Use the Add or Remove buttons to modify the list. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information and makes the Save Changes command button active. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
Use the certificate common object to configure the certificates for the Screen and for remote hosts that will communicate securely through the Screen.
Changes to the certificate object that pertain to loading into SKIP take effect immediately without having to be saved. You cannot use the Cancel Changes button to undo the changes you made. Changes to the certificate object as stored in the common objects do not take effect immediately and must be save and only take effect when the policy in which they are used is activated. For example, in adding a new certificate, (the certificate is created and loaded immediately into SKIP, but the name has not been saved as part of the common objects and must be saved. Renaming a certificate only affects the common objects and must be saved.
Generate screen certificate generates a certificate for the Screen. FIGURE 5-20 shows the Certificate dialog box.
TABLE 5-20 describes the controls for the Certificate dialog box for generate Screen certificate.
Table 5-20 Controls for the Certificate Dialog Box for Generate Screen Certificate
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies a name for the certificate. |
Description |
(Optional) Provides a brief description about the certificate object. |
Screen |
Specifies the Screen that recognizes the certificate object. The default is All. |
Installed On |
(Optional) Specifies the Screen on which the certificate is generated. |
Radio buttons |
Specifies the strength of encryption that the Screen uses. |
Generate New Certificate |
Generates the certificate. The Certificate ID field displays the certificate's certificate ID. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information and makes the Save Changes command button active. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
Associate MKID, also called the certificate ID, assigns a name to a certificate that exists on another machine. Associate a certificate ID for encrypted communication between two screens or between a screen and an Administration Station. FIGURE 5-21 shows the Certificate dialog box for Associate MKID.
TABLE 5-21 describes the controls for the Certificate dialog box for associate MKID.
Table 5-21 Controls for Associate MKID Certificate Dialog Box
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies the name for the certificate ID object. |
Description |
(Optional) Provides a brief description about the MKID or certificate ID object. |
Screen |
Specifies which Screen recognizes the certificate ID object. The default is All. Specifying a Screen allows you to define packet-filtering rules that encrypt traffic between any two machines, not just between an Administration Station and a Screen. Specify the Screen only if you are using Centralized Management. A common object or policy rule applies to all Screens unless you choose a specific Screen. |
Installed On |
(Optional) Used only if you later remove this certificate object from the common objects. At that time, the SKIP identity that is installed on the Screen will be removed from the parameter. |
Certificate ID |
Specifies the certificate ID (hash value) for the certificate that you generated on the other system. |
Radio Buttons |
Specifies the strength of encryption that the Screen uses. |
Generate New Certificate |
Generates the certificate. The Certificate ID field displays the certificate's certificate ID. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information and makes the Save Changes command button active. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
Certificate group is a way to group single certificates that you want to use together. FIGURE 5-22 shows the Certificate dialog box for certificate group.
TABLE 5-22 describes the controls in the Certificate dialog box for certificate group.
Table 5-22 Controls for Certificate Group Dialog Box
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies the name of the certificate object. |
Description |
(Optional) Provides a brief description about the certificate object. |
Screen |
Specifies which Screen recognizes the certificate object. |
Available Certificate List |
Identifies the certificates that do not belong to the certificate group. Refer toAppendix C, Services and State Engines for a description of services. |
Group Members List |
Identifies the certificates that belong to the certificate group. |
Add Button |
Moves the certificate selected in the Available Certificates List to the Group Members list, making the certificate a member of the specified service group. |
Remove Button |
Moves the certificate selected in the Group Members list to the Available Certificates list, removing the certificate from the specified certificate group. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information and makes the Save Changes command button active. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
Use the screen common object to edit or add screen objects. You can edit miscellaneous Screen parameters, SNMP parameters, and mail Proxy parameters for screen objects that already exist. The algorithms used here are for centralized management only. FIGURE 5-23 shows the Screen dialog box.
In general, edit, rather than create, screen objects because they are automatically created during installation. Specifying a Screen enables you to define packet-filtering rules that encrypt traffic between any two machines, not just between an Administration Station and a Screen.
You must enter the name of the administrative interface of the Screen. The name must be the name of the administrative interface of the Screen as it is listed in the naming service or in the /etc/hosts file.
You must create a screen object if you are setting up:
A high availability (HA) cluster
A centralized management group (CMG)
You create or edit a screen object using the Miscellaneous, Primary/Secondary, SNMP, and Mail Proxy tabs in the Screen dialog box.
Figure 5-23 shows the Miscellaneous tab of the Screen dialog box and the parameters.
TABLE 5-23 describes the controls for the Miscellaneous tab of the Screen dialog box.
Table 5-23 Controls for the Miscellaneous Tab of the Screen Dialog Box
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies a name for the screen object. |
Description |
(Optional) Provides a brief description of the screen object. |
Log Size |
Sets the size of the log in megabytes. |
Stealth Network |
Specifies the network address for interfaces that are used as stealth interfaces. Set this parameter if you have used the interface object to designate any Screen interfaces as stealth interfaces. |
Stealth Netmask |
Specifies the netmask for interfaces that are used as stealth interfaces. Set this parameter if you have used the interface object to designate any Screen interfaces as stealth interfaces. |
Allow Routing Traffic |
Specifies whether the Screen sends or receives updates to the routing table using the RIP protocol. |
Name Service |
Specifies the name service (DNS, NIS, Both, or None) that the Screen will use. |
Certificate Discovery |
Specifies whether the Screen uses Certificate Discovery. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information and makes the Save Changes command button active. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
The SNMP tab specifies the interval for SNMP timed status indicator traps and you can add, edit, or delete SNMP trap receivers.
Use the Action field of the packet-filtering Rule Definition dialog box to specify actions that generate SNMP alerts. The machine that receives SNMP trap alerts must not be a remote Administration Station.
FIGURE 5-24 shows the SNMP tab of the Screen dialog box.
TABLE 5-24 describes the controls for the SNMP tab on the Screen dialog box.
Table 5-24 Controls for the SNMP Tab of the Screen Dialog Box
The following SNMP traps are supported:
As an action on a packet that matches a particular rule
As a default drop action on an interface
Time status indicator traps
The first two types include the following data:
interface - The SunScreen network interface number on which the packet was received.
interfaceName - The SunScreen network interface name on which the packet was received.
errorReason - The reason the alert was generated. (See the sunscreen.mib file for a complete list of reasons.)
packetLength - The actual length of the packet in bytes.
lengthLogged - The length of the data logged in bytes.
packetData - The packet data.
The SNMP timed status indicator trap uses the same receivers database as other types of SNMP traps. There is only one database with a maximum of five receivers. These receivers are specified as variable to the screen object.
To activate the timed status indicator traps, set the SNMP timer interval.
The following data are in the SNMP timed status indicator. These data cannot be modified and new data cannot be added:
cpuUsage - Average percentile CPU usage
memoryAvail - Current swap space available, in kilobytes
swapIn - Current swap ins
swapOut - Current swap outs
scanRate - Current scan rate
tcpUsage - Current number TCP connections in the SunScreen state table
ipUsage - Current number IP connections in the SunScreen state table
udpUsage - Current number UDP connections in the SunScreen state table
rootUsage - Disk usage of the root partition, /
varUsage - Disk usage of the var partition, /var
etcUsage - Disk usage of the etc partition, /etc
tmpUsage - Disk usage at the tmp partition, /tmp
Only these SNMP traps are supported. No get or set operations are supported.
The Primary/Secondary tab associates a certificate object with a Screen that is part of an HA cluster or a CMG. The High Availability choice (No, Primary, or Secondary) and the Primary Name choice determine the role a Screen has within an HA cluster and centralized management group (CMG). The settings you choose determine which other controls on the Primary/Secondary tab are active. FIGURE 5-25 shows the Primary/Secondary tab of the Screen dialog box.
TABLE 5-25 describes the controls for the Primary/Secondary tab.
Table 5-25 Controls for the Primary/Secondary Tab of the Screen Dialog Box
The Mail Proxy tab allows adding, editing, or deleting domains known to distribute unsolicited electronic mail (spam). You can define spam domains if you use an SMTP proxy.
FIGURE 5-26 shows the Mail Proxy tab of the Screen dialog box.
TABLE 5-26 describes the controls for the Mail Proxy tab of the Screen dialog box.
Table 5-26 Controls for the Mail Proxy Tab of the Screen Dialog Box
The interface common object defines interfaces and specifies the actions a Screen should take when a packet that is received on that interface is rejected.
FIGURE 5-27 shows the Interface Definition dialog box.
TABLE 5-27 describes the controls for the Interface Definition dialog box.
Table 5-27 Controls for the Interface Definition Dialog Box
The proxy user common object contains the mapping information for users of SunScreen proxies. The proxy user object has the subtypes single and group. FTP and Telnet rules reference the proxy user entries.
The proxy user object is automatically saved when it is edited or a new proxy user object is added. Any changes apply immediately and cannot be reversed. The Save Changes button is greyed out to show that it is inactive.
The single dialog box defines a new single proxy user.
If you want to use the authentication feature of the FTP and Telnet proxies, you must define an authorized user before you add a proxy user.
FIGURE 5-28 shows the Proxy User dialog box for adding a new single proxy user.
TABLE 5-28 describes the controls for the Proxy User dialog box for a single proxy user.
Table 5-28 Controls for the Proxy User Dialog Box for a Single Proxy User
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies the name of the proxy user. |
Description |
Adds a brief description of the proxy user. |
User Enabled |
Controls whether the user can log into the Screen. This function permits the administrator to refuse login privileges to someone who previously could log in without having to remove that person from the list of proxy users. |
Authorized User Name |
Selects the name of the authorized user to be used to authenticate this proxy user. Names in this list are generated when you add an authorized user object. If this field is empty, authorization is not required for this user. |
Proxy User Group |
Identifies the user group or groups to which the user belongs. If no groups are highlighted, user does not belong to any group. |
Backend User Name |
Identifies the user on a specific server. It defaults to the user name. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
The group is a way to group proxy users that have the same privileges. Group proxy users to save time when creating rules. Before creating a proxy user group, define the proxy user objects for that proxy user group. Group proxy users to save time when creating rules.
FIGURE 5-29 shows the Proxy User dialog box for adding a new group.
TABLE 5-29 describes the controls for the Proxy User dialog box for grouping proxy users.
Table 5-29 Controls for the Proxy User Dialog Box for Grouping Proxy Users
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Specifies the name of the proxy group. |
Description |
Adds a brief description of the proxy group. |
User Enabled |
Controls whether this group of proxy users can log into the Screen's proxy. This function permits the administrator to refuse login privileges to a group that previously could log in without having to remove that group from the list of member users. |
Proxy Users |
Displays the proxy user objects that can to be used to create the member user list for the proxy user group. |
Member Users |
Specifies the proxy user objects that are currently included in the member users list of the proxy user group. Use the Add or Remove buttons to modify the member users list. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
The common object authorized user specifies the users that are allowed to use the Telnet and FTP proxies.
The common object authorized user is automatically saved when it is edited or a new authorized user object is added. Any changes apply immediately and cannot be reversed. The Save Changes button is greyed out to show that it is inactive.
FIGURE 5-30 shows the User dialog box for an authorized user object. This same dialog box also appears for the administrative user object.
TABLE 5-30 describes the controls for the User dialog box for an authorized user object and for an administrative user object.
Table 5-30 Controls for the User Dialog Box for an Authorized User Object and an Administrative User Object
Control |
Description |
---|---|
User Name |
Specifies the login name of the authorized user. |
Description |
(Optional) Provides a brief description about the authorized user. |
User Enabled |
Controls whether the user can log into the Screen's proxy. This function permits the administrator to refuse login privileges to someone who previously could log in without having to remove that person from the list of proxy users. |
Password |
Specifies the login password for the authorized user. |
Retype Password |
Specifies the login password for the authorized user. The password typed in this field must exactly match the password you typed in the Password field. |
SecurID Name |
(Optional) Specifies the user's login name for SecurID authorization. |
Real Name |
(Optional) Identifies the real name of the authorized user. |
Contact Information |
(Optional) Displays information on how to contact the specified user. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
The common object administrative user identifies the SunScreen administrators that have access to the Screen. This object refers to an authorized user; therefore, the administrative user object uses the same User dialog box that the authorized user object does.
FIGURE 4-32 shows the User dialog box for both an authorized user object and an administrative user object. TABLE 5-30 describes the controls for the User dialog box for both an authorized user object and an administrative user object.
The administrative user object is automatically saved when it is edited or a new administrative user object is added. Any changes apply immediately and cannot be reversed. The Save Changes button is greyed out to show that it is inactive.
After you create an administrative user object, you grant administrative access by creating a rule in the Administrative Access tab of the Policy Rules panel. The name that you create for the administrative user object is the same name that you use when you create administrative access rules.
The Jar signature common object identifies the Java archives (JARs) that you want the Screen to pass. JAR signatures apply only to the HTTP proxy.
The Jar signature object is automatically saved when it is edited or a new Jar signature object is added. Any changes apply immediately and cannot be reversed. The Save Changes button is greyed out to show that it is inactive.
FIGURE 5-31 shows the Jar Signature dialog box.
TABLE 5-31 describes the controls for the JAR signature dialog box.
Table 5-31 Controls for the Jar Signature Dialog Box
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Identifies the name of the certificate. |
Master Key ID |
Identifies the certificate ID. |
Load Jar Certificate Button |
Loads the certificate used to authenticate the Java archive. This procedure requires that your browser can allow local access to files. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
The HTTP proxy can be set up to filter the Java applets based on the hash value of the Jar file.
The Jar hash object is automatically saved when it is edited or a new Jar hash object is added. Any changes apply immediately and cannot be reversed. The Save Changes button is greyed out to show that it is inactive.
FIGURE 5-32 shows the Jar Hash dialog box.
TABLE 5-32 describes the controls for the Jar hash dialog box.
Table 5-32 Controls for the Jar Hash Dialog Box
Control |
Description |
---|---|
Name |
Identifies the name of the certificate. |
Master Key ID |
Identifies the certificate ID. |
OK Button |
Stores the new or changed information. |
Cancel Button |
Cancels any new or changed information. |
Help Button |
Calls up the page of online help for this common object. |
The time common object specifies the time of day and the day of the week that a rule applies.
FIGURE 5-33 shows the Time dialog box.
TABLE 5-33 describes the controls in the Time dialog box.
Table 5-33 Controls for the Time Dialog Box